Pub Date : 2019-01-07DOI: 10.26480/MJSA.01.2019.01.04
Bikram Nepali, D. Bhandari, J. Shrestha
Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is grown primarily to produce grains for human consumption because of its nutritive and health promoting value. Buckwheat is the sixth staple food after rice, wheat, maize, finger millet and barley in Nepal. This study principally focuses on the mineral nutrient content of buckwheat and their role in human health and nutrition. Buckwheat is used as basic food, animal feed, vegetable, soup, beverage and medicine. It is rich source of proteins, starch, antioxidants, dietary fibre and trace elements. It is rich in minerals like Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, K, Na, Ca and Mg. It is rich in fats, flavonoid and vitamin especially B groups. Buckwheat proteins contain amino acid which is well balanced and is of a high biological value. Buckwheat is rich source of rutin. The high level of rutin is extracted from the leaves for medicine to treat high blood pressure. This review serves as a useful tool to researchers and nutritionist who are working in food and nutritional security in Nepal.
{"title":"MINERAL NUTRIENT CONTENT OF BUCKWHEAT (FAGOPYRUM ESCULENTUM MOENCH) FOR NUTRITIONAL SECURITY IN NEPAL","authors":"Bikram Nepali, D. Bhandari, J. Shrestha","doi":"10.26480/MJSA.01.2019.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/MJSA.01.2019.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is grown primarily to produce grains for human consumption because of its nutritive and health promoting value. Buckwheat is the sixth staple food after rice, wheat, maize, finger millet and barley in Nepal. This study principally focuses on the mineral nutrient content of buckwheat and their role in human health and nutrition. Buckwheat is used as basic food, animal feed, vegetable, soup, beverage and medicine. It is rich source of proteins, starch, antioxidants, dietary fibre and trace elements. It is rich in minerals like Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, K, Na, Ca and Mg. It is rich in fats, flavonoid and vitamin especially B groups. Buckwheat proteins contain amino acid which is well balanced and is of a high biological value. Buckwheat is rich source of rutin. The high level of rutin is extracted from the leaves for medicine to treat high blood pressure. This review serves as a useful tool to researchers and nutritionist who are working in food and nutritional security in Nepal.","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46195318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-07DOI: 10.26480/MJSA.01.2019.23.27
Chinakwe Ec, Nwogwugwu Un Ibekwe Vi, Onyemekara Nn, J Mike-AnosikeEOfoegbu, M Emeakaraoha, S ChinakwePoAdeleye
The microbial population changes in the rhizosphere of two varieties of tomato: cherry and plum were studied. They were grown in a greenhouse for five weeks. Standard microbiological procedures were applied. Biochemical and cultural characteristics revealed the presence of Bacillus, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Rhizobium as bacterial species and Penicillium, Mucor and Saccharomyces as fungal species. Total Heterotrophic Bacterial Counts (THBC) ranged from 1.0 x 106 to 4.8 x 107 cfu/g; 7.0 x 107 to 4.5 x 109 cfu/g and 5.4 x 107 to 3.0 x 109 cfu/g for bare soil, rhizosphere soil of cherry tomato and rhizosphere soil of plum tomato respectively. Total Fungal Counts (TFC) were lower and ranged from 1.3 x 106 to 6.5 x 106 cfu/g, 1.2 x 106 to 8.7 x 106 cfu/g and 1.0 x 106 to 1.2 x 106 cfu/g for bare soil, rhizosphere soil of cherry tomato and rhizosphere soil of plum tomato respectively. The microbial succession pattern further revealed that Bacillus sp, Enterococcus sp, Rhizobium sp, Mucor sp and Saccharomyces sp were the predominant microorganisms present in bare soil and rhizosphere soils of cherry and plum tomatoes. The presence of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria e.g. Bacillus sp and Rhizobium sp, is of great advantage to the early growth of tomato plants as they play important roles in increasing soil fertility, plant growth , and suppression of phytopathogens for healthy plant development and sustainable agriculture.
研究了樱桃和李两个番茄品种根际微生物种群的变化。它们在温室里生长了五个星期。采用标准微生物程序。生化和培养特征表明，芽孢杆菌、肠球菌、葡萄球菌、根瘤菌为菌种，青霉、毛霉和酵母菌为真菌。异养细菌总数（THBC）范围为1.0 x 106至4.8 x 107 cfu/g；裸土、樱桃番茄根际土和李番茄根际土壤分别为7.0×107至4.5×109 cfu/g和5.4×107至3.0×109 cfug/g。裸土、樱桃番茄根际土壤和李番茄根际土的总真菌数（TFC）较低，分别为1.3 x 106至6.5 x 106 cfu/g、1.2 x 106至8.7 x 106 cfug/g和1.0 x 106至1.2 x 106 cfu/g。微生物演替模式进一步表明，芽孢杆菌属、肠球菌属、根瘤菌属、毛霉菌属和酿酒酵母属是樱桃和李番茄裸土和根际土壤中的主要微生物。促进植物生长的根际细菌，如芽孢杆菌和根瘤菌，对番茄植物的早期生长有很大的优势，因为它们在提高土壤肥力、植物生长和抑制植物病原体方面发挥着重要作用，有利于植物的健康发展和可持续农业。
{"title":"MICROBIAL POPULATION CHANGES IN THE RHIZOSPHERE OF TOMATO SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM VARIETIES DURING EARLY GROWTH IN GREENHOUSE","authors":"Chinakwe Ec, Nwogwugwu Un Ibekwe Vi, Onyemekara Nn, J Mike-AnosikeEOfoegbu, M Emeakaraoha, S ChinakwePoAdeleye","doi":"10.26480/MJSA.01.2019.23.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/MJSA.01.2019.23.27","url":null,"abstract":"The microbial population changes in the rhizosphere of two varieties of tomato: cherry and plum were studied. They were grown in a greenhouse for five weeks. Standard microbiological procedures were applied. Biochemical and cultural characteristics revealed the presence of Bacillus, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Rhizobium as bacterial species and Penicillium, Mucor and Saccharomyces as fungal species. Total Heterotrophic Bacterial Counts (THBC) ranged from 1.0 x 106 to 4.8 x 107 cfu/g; 7.0 x 107 to 4.5 x 109 cfu/g and 5.4 x 107 to 3.0 x 109 cfu/g for bare soil, rhizosphere soil of cherry tomato and rhizosphere soil of plum tomato respectively. Total Fungal Counts (TFC) were lower and ranged from 1.3 x 106 to 6.5 x 106 cfu/g, 1.2 x 106 to 8.7 x 106 cfu/g and 1.0 x 106 to 1.2 x 106 cfu/g for bare soil, rhizosphere soil of cherry tomato and rhizosphere soil of plum tomato respectively. The microbial succession pattern further revealed that Bacillus sp, Enterococcus sp, Rhizobium sp, Mucor sp and Saccharomyces sp were the predominant microorganisms present in bare soil and rhizosphere soils of cherry and plum tomatoes. The presence of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria e.g. Bacillus sp and Rhizobium sp, is of great advantage to the early growth of tomato plants as they play important roles in increasing soil fertility, plant growth , and suppression of phytopathogens for healthy plant development and sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49494603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.26480/MJSA.02.2019.01.04
S. Sedaghathoor, Somayeh Abdizadeh Sarem
The effect of rooting hormones, substrate and bottom heat was studied on the rooting of the cuttings of Picea abies. The treatments included bottom heat at two levels, hormones at six levels and rooting substrate at three levels. The recorded traits included rooting percentage, the number of roots; root length and root dry weight. It was found that the applied hormones had no considerable effect on rooting and the recorded traits, so that the application of 2000 and 4000 mg/l IBA had no significant difference with no-hormone application on all three substrates with or without the use of bottom heat. Cuttings treated with NAA produced no roots in any of the studied three substrates. The highest number of roots was produced under the treatment of sand + perlite × 4000 mg/l IBA × no-bottom heat. The treatment of no-bottom heat × no-hormone × perlite produced the longest root. The highest root dry weight was devoted the treatments of no-bottom heat × no-hormone × sand and no-bottom heat × 2000 mg/l IBA× sand.
{"title":"STUDY ON THE ROOTING OF PICEA ABIES CUTTINGS UNDER AUXINS, SUBSTRATES AND BOTTOM HEAT","authors":"S. Sedaghathoor, Somayeh Abdizadeh Sarem","doi":"10.26480/MJSA.02.2019.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/MJSA.02.2019.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of rooting hormones, substrate and bottom heat was studied on the rooting of the cuttings of Picea abies. The treatments included bottom heat at two levels, hormones at six levels and rooting substrate at three levels. The recorded traits included rooting percentage, the number of roots; root length and root dry weight. It was found that the applied hormones had no considerable effect on rooting and the recorded traits, so that the application of 2000 and 4000 mg/l IBA had no significant difference with no-hormone application on all three substrates with or without the use of bottom heat. Cuttings treated with NAA produced no roots in any of the studied three substrates. The highest number of roots was produced under the treatment of sand + perlite × 4000 mg/l IBA × no-bottom heat. The treatment of no-bottom heat × no-hormone × perlite produced the longest root. The highest root dry weight was devoted the treatments of no-bottom heat × no-hormone × sand and no-bottom heat × 2000 mg/l IBA× sand.","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44621112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.26480/MJSA.02.2019.35.45
Damian Felladam Tangonyire
This paper focuses on the impact of climate change on the lives of rural farmers in the Pwalugu and Balungu communities of the Upper East Region of Ghana since farmers all over the country have been exposed to various adaptation strategies to climate change. From the study which was conducted in 2017, it was revealed that climate change affected respondents negatively resulting in reduced income level, inability to afford three square meals daily, inability to meet their health needs, inability to meet the educational needs of their children as well as inability to save at bank. Also, lack of finance, land tenure, norms/customs, lack of storage facilities, lack of ready markets, damage to crops by Fulani cattle and difficulty in obtaining seeds for farming were some challenges militating against the adoption of other adaptive strategies to climate change. The farmers therefore practiced crop diversification, adjustment in planting date of their crops, irrigation, change method of pr oduction, migration to the southern part of the country during the dry season to work, trading, fishing, among others as their specific adaptive strategies to climate change. The study recommends that, education should be one of the areas for policy intervention by government/stakeholders since access to education is vital in developing specific strategies of rural farmers to the diverse drivers and impacts of climate change on their lives.
{"title":"IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON FARMERS IN THE TALENSI DISTRICT OF THE UPPER EAST REGION OF GHANA","authors":"Damian Felladam Tangonyire","doi":"10.26480/MJSA.02.2019.35.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/MJSA.02.2019.35.45","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the impact of climate change on the lives of rural farmers in the Pwalugu and Balungu communities of the Upper East Region of Ghana since farmers all over the country have been exposed to various adaptation strategies to climate change. From the study which was conducted in 2017, it was revealed that climate change affected respondents negatively resulting in reduced income level, inability to afford three square meals daily, inability to meet their health needs, inability to meet the educational needs of their children as well as inability to save at bank. Also, lack of finance, land tenure, norms/customs, lack of storage facilities, lack of ready markets, damage to crops by Fulani cattle and difficulty in obtaining seeds for farming were some challenges militating against the adoption of other adaptive strategies to climate change. The farmers therefore practiced crop diversification, adjustment in planting date of their crops, irrigation, change method of pr oduction, migration to the southern part of the country during the dry season to work, trading, fishing, among others as their specific adaptive strategies to climate change. The study recommends that, education should be one of the areas for policy intervention by government/stakeholders since access to education is vital in developing specific strategies of rural farmers to the diverse drivers and impacts of climate change on their lives.","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69336839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.26480/mjsa.02.2019.56.59
B. Sunaina, J. Kumar, Karn Rupak, R. Mahesh
{"title":"A CASE STUDY ON SOIL FERTILITY STATUS AND MAIZE PRODUCTIVITY IN DANG DISTRICT, NEPAL","authors":"B. Sunaina, J. Kumar, Karn Rupak, R. Mahesh","doi":"10.26480/mjsa.02.2019.56.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjsa.02.2019.56.59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69336853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.26480/mjsa.02.2019.60.63
Roshan Dhakal, Binod Joshi, R. Karn, Sagar Bhusal, B. Acharya
{"title":"A REVIEW ON SCENARIO, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF POULTRY PRODUCTION IN NEPAL","authors":"Roshan Dhakal, Binod Joshi, R. Karn, Sagar Bhusal, B. Acharya","doi":"10.26480/mjsa.02.2019.60.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjsa.02.2019.60.63","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69336863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.26480/mjsa.02.2019.46.55
Damian Felladam Tangonyire
This study was conducted in the Northern Region of Ghana to assess the growth performance of two different Hevea brasiliensis clones namely IRCA 41 and GT 1 in the Guinea Savanna soil. The fresh rubber stumps which were used for the experiment were collected from Ghana Rubber Estate Limited (GREL) which is located in the Western Region. The research design employed the use of completely randomized design with thirty replicates each of the two Hevea brasiliensis species. Data was collected during the dry and rainy seasons. The results at the end of the project for the two Hevea brasiliensis clones showed an average germination rate of 86.66% and 73.30% during the rainy and dry seasons respectively. A mean height of 25.30cm, mean girth of 6.34mm and mean leaf number of 28 were recorded during the rainy season whiles a mean height of 22.56cm, mean girth of 3.41mm and mean leaf number of 42 were recorded in the dry season for the two Hevea brasiliensis clones. When T-test was performed on the two Hevea brasiliensis clones, it was revealed that, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in height, girth and number of leaves between the two different rubber clones during the rainy season and the dry season. Hevea brasiliensis therefore has a greater potential for cultivation in Guinea Savanna soil.
{"title":"ASSESSING THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF TWO DIFFERENT HEVEA BRASILIENSIS CLONES (IRCA 41 AND GT 1) IN THE GUINEA SAVANNA SOIL IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF GHANA","authors":"Damian Felladam Tangonyire","doi":"10.26480/mjsa.02.2019.46.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjsa.02.2019.46.55","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted in the Northern Region of Ghana to assess the growth performance of two different Hevea brasiliensis clones namely IRCA 41 and GT 1 in the Guinea Savanna soil. The fresh rubber stumps which were used for the experiment were collected from Ghana Rubber Estate Limited (GREL) which is located in the Western Region. The research design employed the use of completely randomized design with thirty replicates each of the two Hevea brasiliensis species. Data was collected during the dry and rainy seasons. The results at the end of the project for the two Hevea brasiliensis clones showed an average germination rate of 86.66% and 73.30% during the rainy and dry seasons respectively. A mean height of 25.30cm, mean girth of 6.34mm and mean leaf number of 28 were recorded during the rainy season whiles a mean height of 22.56cm, mean girth of 3.41mm and mean leaf number of 42 were recorded in the dry season for the two Hevea brasiliensis clones. When T-test was performed on the two Hevea brasiliensis clones, it was revealed that, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in height, girth and number of leaves between the two different rubber clones during the rainy season and the dry season. Hevea brasiliensis therefore has a greater potential for cultivation in Guinea Savanna soil.","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46360000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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