Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.26480/asm.02.2022.55.58
Hanan H. Wahid, Ayesha Bahez, M. I. A. Mustafa Mahmud, Farih N. Hashim, N. Kamarudin, R. Baharuddin, A. M. Ahmad Mustafa, Hamizah Ismail
Approximately 18% of pregnant women are colonized with Group B streptococcus (GBS), which are β-hemolytic, gram-positive bacteria. GBS conversion from the asymptomatic commensal in the vagina to an invasive pathogen predisposes the pregnant women to ascending intrauterine infection that tiggers preterm birth and initiate fetal and neonatal infections. Here, we review the prevalence of colonizing GBS serotypes and sequence types (STs) in different geographical regions. Maternal components including demographical and obstetric factors that increase the risk for GBS colonization during pregnancy are also further elucidated. The prevalence of colonizing GBS serotypes and sequence types (STs) are elucidated in this review in addition to the maternal components including demographical and obstetric factors that increase the risk for GBS colonization during pregnancy. Investigating the epidemiology is crucial for the development of new therapeutic and preventive measures to reduce the burden of invasive GBS disease worldwide including risk-factor based screening protocols.
{"title":"MATERNAL RISK FACTORS FOR GROUP B STREPTOCOCCUS (GBS) VAGINAL COLONIZATION","authors":"Hanan H. Wahid, Ayesha Bahez, M. I. A. Mustafa Mahmud, Farih N. Hashim, N. Kamarudin, R. Baharuddin, A. M. Ahmad Mustafa, Hamizah Ismail","doi":"10.26480/asm.02.2022.55.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/asm.02.2022.55.58","url":null,"abstract":"Approximately 18% of pregnant women are colonized with Group B streptococcus (GBS), which are β-hemolytic, gram-positive bacteria. GBS conversion from the asymptomatic commensal in the vagina to an invasive pathogen predisposes the pregnant women to ascending intrauterine infection that tiggers preterm birth and initiate fetal and neonatal infections. Here, we review the prevalence of colonizing GBS serotypes and sequence types (STs) in different geographical regions. Maternal components including demographical and obstetric factors that increase the risk for GBS colonization during pregnancy are also further elucidated. The prevalence of colonizing GBS serotypes and sequence types (STs) are elucidated in this review in addition to the maternal components including demographical and obstetric factors that increase the risk for GBS colonization during pregnancy. Investigating the epidemiology is crucial for the development of new therapeutic and preventive measures to reduce the burden of invasive GBS disease worldwide including risk-factor based screening protocols.","PeriodicalId":53069,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientifica Malaysia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69334940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.26480/asm.02.2021.75.79
H. Vatandoost, A. -Bojd, F. Nikpoor
Malaria is the main vector borne diseases worldwide. According to the recent record of World Health Organization, 228 million cases have been reported in 2018 mainly in in African region. One of the main important measures for vector control is using insecticides. Monitoring and mapping of insecticide resistance is the main measure for appropriate decision. All the date published about resistant status of Anopheles sacharovi were searched on Pubmed, Elsevier, Springer, Web of Science, Iranmedex, Majiran, google scholar, etc. The results showed that there is widespread, resistance/tolerance to different groups of insecticides in the country. Monitoring and mapping as well as detection of mechanisms of insecticide resistance is appropriate for vector control decision. The results of resistant of this malaria vector to different WHO insecticides will provide an appropriate guideline for the Ministry of health and Medical Education of the country for appropriate vector control.
疟疾是全世界主要的病媒传播疾病。根据世界卫生组织最近的记录，2018年报告了2.28亿例病例，主要发生在非洲区域。病媒控制的主要重要措施之一是使用杀虫剂。抗药性监测与制图是作出适当决策的主要措施。检索Pubmed、Elsevier、b施普林格、Web of Science、Iranmedex、Majiran、谷歌scholar等已发表的萨卡罗维按蚊耐药状况的相关资料。结果表明，我国对不同种类杀虫剂普遍存在抗性/耐受性。监测和测绘以及检测杀虫剂抗性机制对病媒控制决策是适当的。这种疟疾病媒对世卫组织不同杀虫剂的抗药性结果将为该国卫生和医学教育部提供适当的病媒控制指南。
{"title":"MONITORING AND MAPPING OF INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE IN MALARIA VECTOR, ANOPHELES SACHAROVI IN IRAN (1997-2020)","authors":"H. Vatandoost, A. -Bojd, F. Nikpoor","doi":"10.26480/asm.02.2021.75.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/asm.02.2021.75.79","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria is the main vector borne diseases worldwide. According to the recent record of World Health Organization, 228 million cases have been reported in 2018 mainly in in African region. One of the main important measures for vector control is using insecticides. Monitoring and mapping of insecticide resistance is the main measure for appropriate decision. All the date published about resistant status of Anopheles sacharovi were searched on Pubmed, Elsevier, Springer, Web of Science, Iranmedex, Majiran, google scholar, etc. The results showed that there is widespread, resistance/tolerance to different groups of insecticides in the country. Monitoring and mapping as well as detection of mechanisms of insecticide resistance is appropriate for vector control decision. The results of resistant of this malaria vector to different WHO insecticides will provide an appropriate guideline for the Ministry of health and Medical Education of the country for appropriate vector control.","PeriodicalId":53069,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientifica Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47761283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.26480/asm.02.2021.47.55
M. M. Hossain, M. Begum, A. Hashem, M. Rahman, Richard W. Bell
Crisis of agricultural laborers in South Asia’s rural zones is pushing to pursue a labor-saving conservation agriculture strategy for crop production and weed control. Non-puddled transplanting and mulching residues of the previous crop are being developed for rice-based cropping systems in Bangladesh to address this issue. Hence, the present study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of strip tillage vs. conventional tillage combined with previous rice residues relative to herbicides and hand weeding on weed control and grain yield of winter rice during January-May in 2015 and 2016. Rice cv. BRRI dhan28 was transplanted with a combination of six treatments: puddled conventional tillage (CT)+3 hand weeding (HW) (Control); Preplant (PRE) herbicide (glyphosate)+non-puddled strip tillage (ST)+1HW; PRE+ST+pre-emergence (PE) herbicide (pendimethalin); PRE+ST+post-emergence (PO) herbicide (ethoxysulfuron-ethyl); PRE+ST+PE+PO; PRE+ST+weed-free (WF); and two levels of rice residues: no-residue (R0) vs. 50% standing residue (R50). The CT had done using a two-wheel tractor (2WT) by four ploughings and cross ploughings followed by levelling. A Versatile Multi-Crop Planter (VMP) was used for ST in a single pass operation. Over the two years, PRE+ST+PE+PO reduced weed density by 40% in the first year and 50% in the second year and weed biomass by 70% than CT+3HW in both years. Retention of 50% residue reduced weed density by 20% and biomass by 34%. The highest grain yield (12% higher than CT+3HW without residue) was obtained from PRE+ST+WF with 50% residue, while the highest BCR (47% higher over CT+3HW without residue) was obtained from PRE+ST+PE+PO with 50% residue.
南亚农村地区的农业劳动力危机促使人们寻求一种节省劳动力的保护农业战略，用于作物生产和杂草控制。孟加拉国正在为水稻种植系统开发非水坑移植和覆盖前一种作物的残留物，以解决这一问题。因此，本研究在2015年1 - 5月和2016年1 - 5月对冬稻杂草控制和籽粒产量进行了研究，以确定带状耕作与常规耕作结合以往水稻残留与除草剂和手除草的有效性。大米的简历。BRRI dhan28采用常规水坑耕作(CT)+3次手除草(HW)(对照)6种处理组合移栽;种植前(PRE)除草剂(草甘膦)+非水洼带状耕作(ST)+1HW;PRE+ST+萌发前(PE)除草剂(戊二甲基灵);PRE+ST+萌发后(PO)除草剂(乙氧基磺隆-乙基);前+圣+ PE +订单;前+圣+ weed-free (WF);以及两种水平的稻残:无残(R0)和50%立残(R50)。CT使用两轮拖拉机(2WT)进行四次翻耕和交叉翻耕，然后平整。使用多功能多作物播种机(VMP)进行单道ST操作。两年间，与CT+3HW相比，PRE+ST+PE+PO在第一年和第二年分别减少了40%和50%的杂草密度和70%的杂草生物量。保留50%的残留物可使杂草密度降低20%，生物量降低34%。50%残留的PRE+ST+WF籽粒产量最高(比CT+3HW无残留高12%)，50%残留的PRE+ST+PE+PO籽粒产量最高(比CT+3HW无残留高47%)。
{"title":"MINIMUM TILLAGE NON-PUDDLED TRANSPLANTED RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.): WEED CONTROL AND ECONOMICS UNDER CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE PRACTICE IN BANGLADESH","authors":"M. M. Hossain, M. Begum, A. Hashem, M. Rahman, Richard W. Bell","doi":"10.26480/asm.02.2021.47.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/asm.02.2021.47.55","url":null,"abstract":"Crisis of agricultural laborers in South Asia’s rural zones is pushing to pursue a labor-saving conservation agriculture strategy for crop production and weed control. Non-puddled transplanting and mulching residues of the previous crop are being developed for rice-based cropping systems in Bangladesh to address this issue. Hence, the present study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of strip tillage vs. conventional tillage combined with previous rice residues relative to herbicides and hand weeding on weed control and grain yield of winter rice during January-May in 2015 and 2016. Rice cv. BRRI dhan28 was transplanted with a combination of six treatments: puddled conventional tillage (CT)+3 hand weeding (HW) (Control); Preplant (PRE) herbicide (glyphosate)+non-puddled strip tillage (ST)+1HW; PRE+ST+pre-emergence (PE) herbicide (pendimethalin); PRE+ST+post-emergence (PO) herbicide (ethoxysulfuron-ethyl); PRE+ST+PE+PO; PRE+ST+weed-free (WF); and two levels of rice residues: no-residue (R0) vs. 50% standing residue (R50). The CT had done using a two-wheel tractor (2WT) by four ploughings and cross ploughings followed by levelling. A Versatile Multi-Crop Planter (VMP) was used for ST in a single pass operation. Over the two years, PRE+ST+PE+PO reduced weed density by 40% in the first year and 50% in the second year and weed biomass by 70% than CT+3HW in both years. Retention of 50% residue reduced weed density by 20% and biomass by 34%. The highest grain yield (12% higher than CT+3HW without residue) was obtained from PRE+ST+WF with 50% residue, while the highest BCR (47% higher over CT+3HW without residue) was obtained from PRE+ST+PE+PO with 50% residue.","PeriodicalId":53069,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientifica Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42550128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.26480/asm.02.2021.62.66
Md. Touhidul Islam
The aim of this study was to investigate the behavioral response of Bemisia tabaci towards Metarhizium anisopliae (isolates PR1 and GT3) volatiles. Behavioral response of B. tabaci was investigated based on adult feeding and oviposition preference in eggplant Solanum melongena L. The highest mean number of adult (87) and egg (418) of B. tabaci were observed in the control plant, while the lowest mean number of adult (26) and egg (107) of B. tabaci were deposited in the PR1-treated plant. There were 8 and 5 compounds identified from the isolates PR1 and GT3, respectively. The highest amount of compounds of 1-Hydroxy-2-aminopropane (61.96%) and 1, 4-Dioxane-2-ol (54.18%) were released by PR1 and GT3 respectively. The results obtained so far revealed that whitefly avoided the eggplants provided with cultures of the M. anisopliae isolates emanating the volatile organic compounds and suitability largely depended upon the volatile profile.
{"title":"BEHAVIORAL RESPONSE OF BEMISIA TABACI (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) TOWARDS METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE VOLATILES","authors":"Md. Touhidul Islam","doi":"10.26480/asm.02.2021.62.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/asm.02.2021.62.66","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the behavioral response of Bemisia tabaci towards Metarhizium anisopliae (isolates PR1 and GT3) volatiles. Behavioral response of B. tabaci was investigated based on adult feeding and oviposition preference in eggplant Solanum melongena L. The highest mean number of adult (87) and egg (418) of B. tabaci were observed in the control plant, while the lowest mean number of adult (26) and egg (107) of B. tabaci were deposited in the PR1-treated plant. There were 8 and 5 compounds identified from the isolates PR1 and GT3, respectively. The highest amount of compounds of 1-Hydroxy-2-aminopropane (61.96%) and 1, 4-Dioxane-2-ol (54.18%) were released by PR1 and GT3 respectively. The results obtained so far revealed that whitefly avoided the eggplants provided with cultures of the M. anisopliae isolates emanating the volatile organic compounds and suitability largely depended upon the volatile profile.","PeriodicalId":53069,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientifica Malaysia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42369550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.26480/asm.02.2021.43.46
Adeyinka O. Adepoju, Tunde J. Ogunkunle, Abiola G. Femi-Adepoju
Species of Capsicum L. are closely related plants whose taxonomic status has remained controversial among different taxonomists. This study was designed to examine the taxonomic status of the species of Capsicum in Nigeria in order to establish the genetic variation between the species for the purpose of identification, as well as review the infrageneric classification (INC) of the members of the genus. Germplasm collection of the seeds of five cultivars of Capsicum were regenerated and nurtured to fruiting. Variations in their vegetative and reproductive morphology were macroscopically evaluated in replicates of 30 individuals per cultivar for each character, which equals 150 samples altogether. The cultivars of each species was hierarchically clustered as operational taxonomic units (OTUs) using Ward’s method with squared Euclidean distance. Artificial key was also constructed for the identification of the species in the genus. The twenty-three (23) morphological characters adopted gave useful insights into the INC of the species and were sufficiently diagnostic of the species as evidenced by the artificial key. Through this study, some light has been shed on the delimitation of species and varieties of the Nigerian Capsicum.
{"title":"TAXONOMIC REVISION OF NIGERIAN SPECIES OF Capsicum L. BASED ON SOME MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS","authors":"Adeyinka O. Adepoju, Tunde J. Ogunkunle, Abiola G. Femi-Adepoju","doi":"10.26480/asm.02.2021.43.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/asm.02.2021.43.46","url":null,"abstract":"Species of Capsicum L. are closely related plants whose taxonomic status has remained controversial among different taxonomists. This study was designed to examine the taxonomic status of the species of Capsicum in Nigeria in order to establish the genetic variation between the species for the purpose of identification, as well as review the infrageneric classification (INC) of the members of the genus. Germplasm collection of the seeds of five cultivars of Capsicum were regenerated and nurtured to fruiting. Variations in their vegetative and reproductive morphology were macroscopically evaluated in replicates of 30 individuals per cultivar for each character, which equals 150 samples altogether. The cultivars of each species was hierarchically clustered as operational taxonomic units (OTUs) using Ward’s method with squared Euclidean distance. Artificial key was also constructed for the identification of the species in the genus. The twenty-three (23) morphological characters adopted gave useful insights into the INC of the species and were sufficiently diagnostic of the species as evidenced by the artificial key. Through this study, some light has been shed on the delimitation of species and varieties of the Nigerian Capsicum.","PeriodicalId":53069,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientifica Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46257463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-17DOI: 10.26480/asm.01.2021.17.19
Gaurav Adhikari, Dabit Bista, A. Bhattarai, H. Paudel
A field experiment was conducted at a private forest at Kalyanpur, Chitwan from March to January of 2018/2019 to evaluate the effect of different tuber size and nutrient source on the yield of yam (Dioscorea spp.). The experiment was laid out in a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (factorial RCBD) with two factors i.e. tuber size viz small tuber size (<50 gm.) and large tuber size (100-150 gm.) and nutrient source viz farm yard manure, chicken manure and forest soil, replicated four times. The use of large size tubers has a significant effect on the yield of yam, higher yield (3.05 kg.) with large tuber size. Similarly, the interaction between tuber size and nutrient source was also significant on the yield. The highest yield (3.23 kg.) was made from the large size tuber (T1) and farm yard manure (M1) followed by the large size tuber (T1) and chicken manure (M2). The smallest yield (2.25 kg.) was from the interaction of small tuber size (T2) and farm yard manure (M2). Therefore, the use of a large size tuber (100-150 gm.) with farm yard manure as the nutrient source can be recommended to increase the yield of yam.
{"title":"EFFECT OF TUBER SIZE AND NUTRIENT SOURCE ON THE YIELD OF YAM (DIOSCOREA SP.)","authors":"Gaurav Adhikari, Dabit Bista, A. Bhattarai, H. Paudel","doi":"10.26480/asm.01.2021.17.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/asm.01.2021.17.19","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted at a private forest at Kalyanpur, Chitwan from March to January of 2018/2019 to evaluate the effect of different tuber size and nutrient source on the yield of yam (Dioscorea spp.). The experiment was laid out in a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (factorial RCBD) with two factors i.e. tuber size viz small tuber size (<50 gm.) and large tuber size (100-150 gm.) and nutrient source viz farm yard manure, chicken manure and forest soil, replicated four times. The use of large size tubers has a significant effect on the yield of yam, higher yield (3.05 kg.) with large tuber size. Similarly, the interaction between tuber size and nutrient source was also significant on the yield. The highest yield (3.23 kg.) was made from the large size tuber (T1) and farm yard manure (M1) followed by the large size tuber (T1) and chicken manure (M2). The smallest yield (2.25 kg.) was from the interaction of small tuber size (T2) and farm yard manure (M2). Therefore, the use of a large size tuber (100-150 gm.) with farm yard manure as the nutrient source can be recommended to increase the yield of yam.","PeriodicalId":53069,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientifica Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47868410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-17DOI: 10.26480/asm.01.2021.01.04
M. Begum, M. Salam, F. Zaman
Allelopathy is important for agricultural practices as has gained attention in sustainable agriculture management. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to assess the allelopathic effect of siam weed (Chromolaena odorata L. King and Robinson) debris on the germination and seedling growth of rice, mustard and groundnut at four concentrations of weed debris (e.g., 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g dry weight per 100 g soil). The weed debris at different concentrations reduced the seed germination, plant height, leaf numbers, leaf area and seedling dry weight of the test crop species. The inhibitory effects of the test crop were positively related to the concentration of siam weed debris in soil. On the basis of average percent inhibition (API), mustard (24.47%) was mostly affected by the siam weed debris followed by groundnut (20.10%) and rice (17.10%). From the results of the study, it is observed that weed debris of siam weed had inhibitory effect on the seed germination and seedling growth of rice, mustard and groundnut. Therefore, the allelopathic activity of the siam weed may play an important role in the management of sustainable agriculture.
{"title":"ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF SIAM WEED DEBRIS ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF THREE TEST CROP SPECIES","authors":"M. Begum, M. Salam, F. Zaman","doi":"10.26480/asm.01.2021.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/asm.01.2021.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Allelopathy is important for agricultural practices as has gained attention in sustainable agriculture management. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to assess the allelopathic effect of siam weed (Chromolaena odorata L. King and Robinson) debris on the germination and seedling growth of rice, mustard and groundnut at four concentrations of weed debris (e.g., 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g dry weight per 100 g soil). The weed debris at different concentrations reduced the seed germination, plant height, leaf numbers, leaf area and seedling dry weight of the test crop species. The inhibitory effects of the test crop were positively related to the concentration of siam weed debris in soil. On the basis of average percent inhibition (API), mustard (24.47%) was mostly affected by the siam weed debris followed by groundnut (20.10%) and rice (17.10%). From the results of the study, it is observed that weed debris of siam weed had inhibitory effect on the seed germination and seedling growth of rice, mustard and groundnut. Therefore, the allelopathic activity of the siam weed may play an important role in the management of sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":53069,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientifica Malaysia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42417086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-17DOI: 10.26480/asm.01.2021.05.09
Md. Abdul Mannan, M. A. Hashem, Md. Harun Or Rashid, M. Rahman, Fakhar Uddin Talukder, N. Kaisar
An experiment was done at the Soil Science Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) to study the joined use of banana leaves with inorganic potassium fertilizer on the development and yield of BRRI dhan49 placing Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The treatments were T1: control (no fertilizer), T2: RFD (Recommended Fertilizer Dose), T3: (50% K from banana leaves+50% K from MoP) , T4: (60% K from banana leaves+40% K from MoP ), T5: (70% K from banana leaves+30% K from MoP), T6: (80% K from banana leaves+20% K from MoP), T7: (90% K from banana leaves+10% K from MoP), T8: (100% K from banana leaves).The uppermost potassium content in grain (0.33%) and straw (1.30%) were gained in the treatment T3 and T4 .The bottommost potassium content in grain (0.26%) and straw (1.08%) were logged in the control. At the same time, the highest potassium uptake by grain (19.46 kg ha-1) and straw (89.06 kg ha-1) were attained in the treatment T3 and the lowest potassium uptake by grain (8.67 kg ha-1) and straw (51.40 kg ha-1) were documented in the control. Total (grain+straw) peak (108.52 kg ha-1) potassium uptake was found in T3 treatment and lowest (60.06 kg ha-1) was found in control. It can be endorsed to cohesive use of 50% K from banana leaves+50% K from MoP on nutrient content and uptake of BRRI dhan49.
在孟加拉国农业大学土壤科学系进行了一项实验，研究了香蕉叶与无机钾肥联合使用对BRRI dhan49的发育和产量的影响。处理为T1：对照（不施肥），T2：RFD（推荐施肥剂量），T3：（香蕉叶50%钾+50%钾），T4：（香蕉叶60%钾+40%钾）、T5：（香蕉叶片70%钾+30%钾）；T6：（香蕉树叶80%钾+20%钾）。T7：（香蕉叶子90%钾+10%钾），T8:（香蕉叶钾100%）。T3和T4处理的籽粒和秸秆钾含量最高（0.33%），对照组的籽粒和稻草钾含量最低（0.26%）。同时，T3处理的籽粒和秸秆对钾的吸收量最高（19.46kg ha-1），为89.06kg ha-1，对照组的籽粒和稻草对钾的摄取量最低（8.67kg ha-1，为51.40kg ha-1。T3处理的钾吸收总量（谷物+秸秆）最高（108.52 kg ha-1），对照组最低（60.06 kg ha-1。香蕉叶中50%的钾+MoP中50%的K对BRRI dhan49的营养含量和吸收具有内聚作用。
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF BANANA LEAVES IN ASSOCIATION WITH INORGANIC POTASSIUM FERTILIZER ON THE NUTRIENT CONTENT AND UPTAKE OF BRRI DHAN49","authors":"Md. Abdul Mannan, M. A. Hashem, Md. Harun Or Rashid, M. Rahman, Fakhar Uddin Talukder, N. Kaisar","doi":"10.26480/asm.01.2021.05.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/asm.01.2021.05.09","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was done at the Soil Science Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) to study the joined use of banana leaves with inorganic potassium fertilizer on the development and yield of BRRI dhan49 placing Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The treatments were T1: control (no fertilizer), T2: RFD (Recommended Fertilizer Dose), T3: (50% K from banana leaves+50% K from MoP) , T4: (60% K from banana leaves+40% K from MoP ), T5: (70% K from banana leaves+30% K from MoP), T6: (80% K from banana leaves+20% K from MoP), T7: (90% K from banana leaves+10% K from MoP), T8: (100% K from banana leaves).The uppermost potassium content in grain (0.33%) and straw (1.30%) were gained in the treatment T3 and T4 .The bottommost potassium content in grain (0.26%) and straw (1.08%) were logged in the control. At the same time, the highest potassium uptake by grain (19.46 kg ha-1) and straw (89.06 kg ha-1) were attained in the treatment T3 and the lowest potassium uptake by grain (8.67 kg ha-1) and straw (51.40 kg ha-1) were documented in the control. Total (grain+straw) peak (108.52 kg ha-1) potassium uptake was found in T3 treatment and lowest (60.06 kg ha-1) was found in control. It can be endorsed to cohesive use of 50% K from banana leaves+50% K from MoP on nutrient content and uptake of BRRI dhan49.","PeriodicalId":53069,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientifica Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44826050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-17DOI: 10.26480/asm.01.2021.27.35
N. Salam, A. V. Ikudayisi-Ugbe, F. A. Ugbe
The adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) onto Raw Date-palm Seeds (RDS), Thermally Activated Carbon (TAC), Chemically Activated Carbon (CAC), Goethite (GT) and their Composite (COM) were studied using batch equilibrium technique. Variations of sorptive properties such as initial solution concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and temperature had a remarkable influence on the adsorption processes. The data fitted well tested isotherm models in the order; Langmuir (R2 = 0.942 and 0.963) > Freundlich (0.886 and 0.948) > Temkin (0.869 and 0.83) for GT and COM respectively. That of CAC and TAC was best described by Freundlich and Langmuir models respectively while RDS showed very poor fittings. Pseudo-second order and film diffusion models best described the adsorption kinetics. The adsorption was feasible, spontaneous (∆G < 0) and exothermic (except MB-CAC with ∆H being positive). The combined results of isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamic studies suggested a combined chemisorptions and physisorptions processes. Also, the kinetic modeling suggested that intra-particle and film diffusions occurred simultaneously and/or in combination with other processes in the mechanism of adsorption.
{"title":"ADSORPTIVE REMOVAL OF METHYLENE BLUE FROM SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER USING DATE PALM SEEDS, GOETHITE AND THEIR COMPOSITE","authors":"N. Salam, A. V. Ikudayisi-Ugbe, F. A. Ugbe","doi":"10.26480/asm.01.2021.27.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/asm.01.2021.27.35","url":null,"abstract":"The adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) onto Raw Date-palm Seeds (RDS), Thermally Activated Carbon (TAC), Chemically Activated Carbon (CAC), Goethite (GT) and their Composite (COM) were studied using batch equilibrium technique. Variations of sorptive properties such as initial solution concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and temperature had a remarkable influence on the adsorption processes. The data fitted well tested isotherm models in the order; Langmuir (R2 = 0.942 and 0.963) > Freundlich (0.886 and 0.948) > Temkin (0.869 and 0.83) for GT and COM respectively. That of CAC and TAC was best described by Freundlich and Langmuir models respectively while RDS showed very poor fittings. Pseudo-second order and film diffusion models best described the adsorption kinetics. The adsorption was feasible, spontaneous (∆G < 0) and exothermic (except MB-CAC with ∆H being positive). The combined results of isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamic studies suggested a combined chemisorptions and physisorptions processes. Also, the kinetic modeling suggested that intra-particle and film diffusions occurred simultaneously and/or in combination with other processes in the mechanism of adsorption.","PeriodicalId":53069,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientifica Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47814892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-25DOI: 10.26480/asm.02.2020.69.74
Pravin Budhathoki, Pushpa Gnawali, D. Baral, Amita Gyawal
Pests are considered a major problem in agriculture as they cause a various degree of losses. The use of synthetic pesticides to control these pests has resulted in pest resurgences, pest resistance, environmental degradation and lethal effect to non-target organisms in the agro-ecosystems. To minimize or replace the use of synthetic pesticides, botanical pesticides are important alternatives. They possess a toxic effect against pest including repellent, antifeedant and antibiosis effect against insect growth. In Nepal, among 5,345 species of flowering plants, 324 species have pesticidal properties. Some of the botanicals like Neem, Tobacco, Sweet flag, Garlic, Mint, Ginger, Artemisia, Sichuan pepper, Adhatoda, Basil, Drum-stick, Jatropha, Polygonum, Lantana, Chinaberry etc are widely used in pest management and many types of research have been done to explore the potential of these botanicals. This study aims to review the insecticidal potential of these important ethnobotanical plants. The biopesticides made from these botanicals were found to be effective against various pests. However, efficacy was found to be variable and often lower than that of synthetic pesticides.
{"title":"PESTICIDAL POTENTIAL OF ETHNOBOTANICALLY IMPORTANT PLANTS IN NEPAL – A REVIEW","authors":"Pravin Budhathoki, Pushpa Gnawali, D. Baral, Amita Gyawal","doi":"10.26480/asm.02.2020.69.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/asm.02.2020.69.74","url":null,"abstract":"Pests are considered a major problem in agriculture as they cause a various degree of losses. The use of synthetic pesticides to control these pests has resulted in pest resurgences, pest resistance, environmental degradation and lethal effect to non-target organisms in the agro-ecosystems. To minimize or replace the use of synthetic pesticides, botanical pesticides are important alternatives. They possess a toxic effect against pest including repellent, antifeedant and antibiosis effect against insect growth. In Nepal, among 5,345 species of flowering plants, 324 species have pesticidal properties. Some of the botanicals like Neem, Tobacco, Sweet flag, Garlic, Mint, Ginger, Artemisia, Sichuan pepper, Adhatoda, Basil, Drum-stick, Jatropha, Polygonum, Lantana, Chinaberry etc are widely used in pest management and many types of research have been done to explore the potential of these botanicals. This study aims to review the insecticidal potential of these important ethnobotanical plants. The biopesticides made from these botanicals were found to be effective against various pests. However, efficacy was found to be variable and often lower than that of synthetic pesticides.","PeriodicalId":53069,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientifica Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44050183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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