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Numerical Simulation of Constrained Flows through Porous Media Employing Glimm’s Scheme 基于Glimm格式的多孔介质约束流动数值模拟
3区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.3390/axioms12111023
Rogério M. Saldanha da Gama, José Julio Pedrosa Filho, Rogério Pazetto S. da Gama, Daniel Cunha da Silva, Carlos Henrique Alexandrino, Maria Laura Martins-Costa
This work uses a mixture theory approach to describe kinematically constrained flows through porous media using an adequate constitutive relation for pressure that preserves the problem hyperbolicity even when the flow becomes saturated. This feature allows using the same mathematical tool for handling unsaturated and saturated flows. The mechanical model can represent the saturated–unsaturated transition and vice-versa. The constitutive relation for pressure is a continuous and differentiable function of saturation: an increasing function with a strictly convex, increasing, and positive first derivative. This significant characteristic permits the fluid to establish a tiny controlled supersaturation of the porous matrix. The associated Riemann problem’s complete solution is addressed in detail, with explicit expressions for the Riemann invariants. Glimm’s semi-analytical scheme advances from a given instant to a subsequent one, employing the associated Riemann problem solution for each two consecutive time steps. The simulations employ a variation in Glimm’s scheme, which uses the mean of four independent sequences for each considered time, ensuring computational solutions with reliable positions of rarefaction and shock waves. The results permit verifying this significant characteristic.
这项工作使用混合理论方法来描述通过多孔介质的运动约束流动,使用适当的压力本构关系,即使在流动达到饱和时也能保留问题双曲性。此功能允许使用相同的数学工具来处理非饱和和饱和流动。力学模型可以表示饱和-非饱和过渡,反之亦然。压力的本构关系是饱和度的连续可微函数:一个具有严格凸、递增和正一阶导数的递增函数。这一显著特性允许流体在多孔基质中建立一个微小的可控过饱和。详细讨论了相关黎曼问题的完全解,并给出了黎曼不变量的显式表达式。Glimm的半解析方案从给定的瞬间推进到随后的瞬间,对每两个连续的时间步使用相关的黎曼问题解。模拟采用了Glimm方案的一种变体,即在每个考虑的时间内使用四个独立序列的平均值,以确保计算结果具有可靠的稀薄和冲击波位置。结果允许验证这一重要特性。
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引用次数: 0
Surface Pencil Couple with Bertrand Couple as Joint Principal Curves in Galilean 3-Space 伽利略三维空间中以Bertrand偶为联合主曲线的表面铅笔偶
3区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.3390/axioms12111022
Nadia Alluhaibi, Rashad A. Abdel-Baky
A principal curve on a surface plays a paramount role in reasonable implementations. A curve on a surface is a principal curve if its tangents are principal directions. Using the Serret–Frenet frame, the surface pencil couple can be expressed as linear combinations of the components of the local frames in Galilean 3-space G3. With these parametric representations, a family of surfaces using principal curves (curvature lines) are constructed, and the necessary and sufficient condition for the given Bertrand couple to be the principal curves on these surfaces are derived in our approach. Moreover, the necessary and sufficient condition for the given Bertrand couple to satisfy the principal curves and the geodesic requirements are also analyzed. As implementations of our main consequences, we expound upon some models to confirm the method.
曲面上的主曲线在合理实现中起着至关重要的作用。如果一个曲面上的曲线的切线是主方向,那么它就是一条主曲线。使用Serret-Frenet框架,表面铅笔对可以表示为伽利略3空间G3中局部框架分量的线性组合。利用这些参数表示,构造了一类使用主曲线(曲率线)的曲面,并推导了给定的Bertrand偶是这些曲面上的主曲线的充分必要条件。此外,还分析了给定Bertrand偶满足主曲线和测地线要求的充分必要条件。作为我们的主要结果的实现,我们阐述了一些模型来证实该方法。
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引用次数: 0
Ramsey Chains in Linear Forests 线性森林中的拉姆齐链
3区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.3390/axioms12111019
Gary Chartrand, Ritabrato Chatterjee, Ping Zhang
Every red–blue coloring of the edges of a graph G results in a sequence G1, G2, …, Gℓ of pairwise edge-disjoint monochromatic subgraphs Gi (1≤i≤ℓ) of size i, such that Gi is isomorphic to a subgraph of Gi+1 for 1≤i≤ℓ−1. Such a sequence is called a Ramsey chain in G, and ARc(G) is the maximum length of a Ramsey chain in G, with respect to a red–blue coloring c. The Ramsey index AR(G) of G is the minimum value of ARc(G) among all the red–blue colorings c of G. If G has size m, then k+12≤m
对图G的每条边进行红蓝着色,得到大小为i的对边不相交的单色子图Gi(1≤i≤r)的序列G1, G2,…,G,使得Gi在1≤i≤r−1时与Gi+1的子图同构。这样的序列称为拉姆齐链G,和弧(G)的最大长度是拉姆齐连锁G,对红蓝着色c。拉姆齐指数基于“增大化现实”技术(G)的最小值是G的弧(G)在所有G .如果G大小的红蓝色素c m, k + 12≤m<一些正整数k + 22 k。它已经表明,有无限类的图表,这样每一个图G的大小m S,基于“增大化现实”技术(G) = k当且仅当k + 12≤m< k + 22。其中两个类是匹配大小为m的mK2和路径Pm+1。它们都是线性森林的子类(其中每个组件都是路径)。证明了如果F是任意大小为m且k+12<m<k+22的线性森林,则AR(F)=k。更进一步,如果F是一个大小为k+12的线性森林,其中k≥4,最多有k−12个分量,则AR(F)=k,而对于k−12<t<k+12的每一个整数t,存在一个大小为k+12,有t个分量的线性森林F,使得AR(F)=k−1。
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引用次数: 0
Fixed-Point Convergence of Multi-Valued Non-Expansive Mappings with Applications 多值非扩展映射的不动点收敛性及其应用
3区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.3390/axioms12111020
Akbar Azam, Maliha Rashid, Amna Kalsoom, Faryad Ali
This paper is dedicated to the advancement of fixed-point results for multi-valued asymptotically non-expansive maps regarding convergence criteria in complete uniformly convex hyperbolic metric spaces that are endowed with a graph. The famous fixed-point theorems of Goebel and Kirk, Khamsi and Khan, along with other recent results in the literature can be obtained as corollaries of these main results. A nice graph and an interesting example are also provided in support of the hypothesis of the main results.
研究了具有图的完全一致凸双曲度量空间中关于收敛准则的多值渐近非扩张映射的不动点结果。著名的Goebel和Kirk的不动点定理,Khamsi和Khan的不动点定理,以及最近文献中的其他结果,都可以作为这些主要结果的推论而得到。文中还提供了一个漂亮的图表和一个有趣的例子来支持主要结果的假设。
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引用次数: 0
Coefficient Bounds and Fekete–Szegö Inequalities for a Two Families of Bi-Univalent Functions Related to Gegenbauer Polynomials 与Gegenbauer多项式有关的两族双单价函数的系数界和Fekete-Szegö不等式
3区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.3390/axioms12111018
Yahya Almalki, Abbas Kareem Wanas, Timilehin Gideon Shaba, Alina Alb Lupaş, Mohamed Abdalla
The purpose of this article is to introduce and study certain families of normalized certain functions with symmetric points connected to Gegenbauer polynomials. Moreover, we determine the upper bounds for the initial Taylor–Maclaurin coefficients |a2| and |a3| and resolve the Fekete–Szegöproblem for these functions. In addition, we establish links to a few of the earlier discovered outcomes.
本文的目的是介绍和研究具有对称点与Gegenbauer多项式相连的归一化函数的若干族。此外,我们确定了初始泰勒-麦克劳林系数|a2|和|a3|的上界,并解析了这些函数的Fekete-Szegöproblem。此外,我们建立了一些早期发现的结果的链接。
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引用次数: 0
A New Framework for Sustainable Supplier Selection Based on a Plant Growth Simulation Algorithm 基于植物生长模拟算法的可持续供应商选择新框架
3区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.3390/axioms12111017
Jing Li, Weizhong Wang
With the intensification of global competition and the increasing awareness of reducing energy consumption, sustainable supplier selection is crucial for establishing a solid cooperative relationship in sustainable supply chain management. This paper proposes a new framework that considers both the effective expression of uncertain information and the objective weights of decision makers to select sustainable suppliers. We first apply an interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set to express the information of decision makers. Moreover, this paper applies a plant growth simulation algorithm to aggregate decision makers’ information. Next, we adopt the similarity measure method to derive the target weight of each decision maker. Then, we apply the score function to rank the candidate sustainable suppliers. Finally, two practical cases are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework. The outcomes and comparative discussion show that the developed framework is efficient for sustainable supplier selection. Therefore, the proposed framework can be used to establish a solid cooperative relationship in the process of sustainable supply chain management.
随着全球竞争的加剧和降低能源消耗意识的增强,可持续的供应商选择对于在可持续供应链管理中建立稳固的合作关系至关重要。本文提出了一个新的框架,既考虑不确定性信息的有效表达,又考虑决策者选择可持续供应商的客观权重。我们首先应用区间值直觉模糊集来表达决策者的信息。此外,本文还采用植物生长模拟算法对决策者信息进行聚合。其次,我们采用相似度度量方法来得到每个决策者的目标权重。然后,我们应用分数函数对候选可持续供应商进行排名。最后,通过两个实例验证了所提框架的有效性。结果和比较讨论表明,所构建的框架对可持续供应商选择是有效的。因此,所提出的框架可以用于在可持续供应链管理过程中建立稳固的合作关系。
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引用次数: 0
The Boundary Integral Equation for Kinetically Limited Dendrite Growth 动力学受限枝晶生长的边界积分方程
3区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.3390/axioms12111016
Ekaterina A. Titova, Peter K. Galenko, Margarita A. Nikishina, Liubov V. Toropova, Dmitri V. Alexandrov
The boundary integral equation defining the interface function for a curved solid/liquid phase transition boundary is analytically solved in steady-state growth conditions. This solution describes dendrite tips evolving in undercooled melts with a constant crystallization velocity, which is the sum of the steady-state and translational velocities. The dendrite tips in the form of a parabola, paraboloid, and elliptic paraboloid are considered. Taking this solution into account, we obtain the modified boundary integral equation describing the evolution of the patterns and dendrites in undercooled binary melts. Our analysis shows that dendritic tips always evolve in a steady-state manner when considering a kinetically controlled crystallization scenario. The steady-state growth velocity as a factor that is dependent on the melt undercooling, solute concentration, atomic kinetics, and other system parameters is derived. This expression can be used for determining the selection constant of the stable dendrite growth mode in the case of kinetically controlled crystallization.
在稳态生长条件下,对定义固/液弯曲相变边界界面函数的边界积分方程进行了解析求解。该解描述了在过冷熔体中以恒定的结晶速度演变的枝晶尖端,结晶速度是稳态和平移速度的总和。枝晶尖端以抛物线、抛物面和椭圆抛物面的形式被考虑。考虑到这一解,我们得到了描述过冷二元熔体中图案和枝晶演变的修正边界积分方程。我们的分析表明,当考虑动力学控制的结晶场景时,枝晶尖端总是以稳态方式进化。导出了稳态生长速度作为依赖于熔体过冷、溶质浓度、原子动力学和其他系统参数的因素。该表达式可用于确定动力学控制结晶情况下稳定枝晶生长方式的选择常数。
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引用次数: 0
Congruence Representations via Soft Ideals in Soft Topological Spaces 基于软拓扑空间软理想的同余表示
3区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.3390/axioms12111015
Zanyar A. Ameen, Mesfer H. Alqahtani
This article starts with a study of the congruence of soft sets modulo soft ideals. Different types of soft ideals in soft topological spaces are used to introduce new weak classes of soft open sets. Namely, soft open sets modulo soft nowhere dense sets and soft open sets modulo soft sets of the first category. The basic properties and representations of these classes are established. The class of soft open sets modulo the soft nowhere dense sets forms a soft algebra. Elements in this soft algebra are primarily the soft sets whose soft boundaries are soft nowhere dense sets. The class of soft open sets modulo soft sets of the first category, known as soft sets of the Baire property, is a soft σ-algebra. In this work, we mainly focus on the soft σ-algebra of soft sets with the Baire property. We show that soft sets with the Baire property can be represented in terms of various natural classes of soft sets in soft topological spaces. In addition, we see that the soft σ-algebra of soft sets with the Baire property includes the soft Borel σ-algebra. We further show that soft sets with the Baire property in a certain soft topology are equal to soft Borel sets in the cluster soft topology formed by the original one.
本文首先研究了软集合模软理想的同余性。利用软拓扑空间中不同类型的软理想引入新的软开集弱类。即软开集模无软密集和软开集模第一类软集。建立了这些类的基本属性和表示。一类软开集模软无处稠密集形成一个软代数。该软代数中的元主要是软集,其软边界是软无处稠密集。第一类软开集的模软集称为Baire性质的软集,是一个软的σ-代数。本文主要研究具有Baire性质的软集的软σ-代数。我们证明了具有Baire性质的软集可以用软拓扑空间中的各种自然类别的软集来表示。此外,我们还发现具有Baire性质的软集的软σ-代数包含了软Borel σ-代数。进一步证明了在某一软拓扑中具有Baire性质的软集等于由原拓扑构成的聚类软拓扑中的软Borel集。
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引用次数: 0
Application of Migrating Optimization Algorithms in Problems of Optimal Control of Discrete-Time Stochastic Dynamical Systems 迁移优化算法在离散随机动力系统最优控制问题中的应用
3区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.3390/axioms12111014
Andrei Panteleev, Vladislav Rakitianskii
The problem of finding the optimal open-loop control for discrete-time stochastic dynamical systems is considered. It is assumed that the initial conditions and external influences are random. The average value of the Bolza functional defined on individual trajectories is minimized. It is proposed to solve the problem by means of classical and modified migrating optimization algorithms. The modification of the migrating algorithm consists of cloning the members of the initial population and choosing different strategies of migratory behavior for the main population and for populations formed by clones. At the final stage of the search for an extremum, an intensively clarifying migration cycle is implemented with the participation of three leaders of the populations participating in the search process. Problems of optimal control of bundles of trajectories of deterministic discrete dynamical systems, as well as individual trajectories, are considered as special cases. Seven model examples illustrating the performance of the proposed approach are solved.
研究离散随机动力系统的最优开环控制问题。假设初始条件和外部影响是随机的。在单个轨迹上定义的Bolza泛函的平均值被最小化。提出了用经典的和改进的迁移优化算法来解决这一问题。对迁移算法的改进包括克隆初始种群的成员,对主种群和由克隆组成的种群选择不同的迁移策略。在寻找极值的最后阶段,在参与寻找过程的人口的三位领导人的参与下,执行了一个密集的澄清迁移周期。将确定性离散动力系统的轨迹束和单个轨迹的最优控制问题作为特殊情况加以考虑。求解了七个模型算例,说明了所提方法的性能。
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引用次数: 0
On Local Unique Solvability for a Class of Nonlinear Identification Problems 一类非线性辨识问题的局部唯一可解性
3区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.3390/axioms12111013
Vladimir E. Fedorov, Marina V. Plekhanova, Daria V. Melekhina
Nonlinear identification problems for evolution differential equations, solved with respect to the highest-order Dzhrbashyan–Nersesyan fractional derivative, are studied. An equation of the considered class contains a linear unbounded operator, which generates analytic resolving families for the corresponding linear homogeneous equation, and a continuous nonlinear operator, which depends on lower-order Dzhrbashyan–Nersesyan derivatives and a depending on time unknown element. The identification problem consists of the equation, Dzhrbashyan–Nersesyan initial value conditions and an abstract overdetermination condition, which is defined by a linear continuous operator. Using the contraction mappings theorem, we prove the unique local solvability of the identification problem. The cases of mild and classical solutions are studied. The obtained abstract results are applied to an investigation of a nonlinear identification problem to a linearized phase field system with time dependent unknown coefficients at Dzhrbashyan–Nersesyan time-derivatives of lower orders.
研究了一类演化微分方程的最高阶Dzhrbashyan-Nersesyan分数阶导数的非线性辨识问题。所考虑的一类方程包含一个线性无界算子,它为相应的线性齐次方程生成解析解族,一个连续非线性算子,它依赖于低阶Dzhrbashyan-Nersesyan导数和一个依赖于时间未知元素。辨识问题由方程、Dzhrbashyan-Nersesyan初值条件和一个由线性连续算子定义的抽象超定条件组成。利用收缩映射定理,证明了辨识问题的唯一局部可解性。研究了温和解和经典解的情况。将得到的抽象结果应用于具有时间相关未知系数的线性化相场系统的低阶时间导数的非线性辨识问题的研究。
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