Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.2
Q. Wheeler
“Imagine what could be accomplished—at a fraction of the cost of a Mars rover—by a small army of explorers and taxonomists toiling away to discover and categorize organisms…”—Grimaldi and Engel, 2007 “A complete survey of life on Earth may appear to be a daunting task. But compared with what has been dared and achieved in high-energy physics, molecular genetics, and other branches of ‘big science,’ it is in the second or third rank”—E.O. Wilson, 1985
{"title":"The Inventory Imperative","authors":"Q. Wheeler","doi":"10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.2","url":null,"abstract":"“Imagine what could be accomplished—at a fraction of the cost of a Mars rover—by a small army of explorers and taxonomists toiling away to discover and categorize organisms…”—Grimaldi and Engel, 2007\u0000“A complete survey of life on Earth may appear to be a daunting task. But compared with what has been dared and achieved in high-energy physics, molecular genetics, and other branches of ‘big science,’ it is in the second or third rank”—E.O. Wilson, 1985","PeriodicalId":53179,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoentomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47065852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.1
Phillip Barden, M. Engel
We are honored to present this special issue of Palaeoentomology in celebration of our dear friend, mentor, and collaborator, David A. Grimaldi (Fig. 1), and on the occasion of his 65th birthday on 22 September 2022. This issue has been compiled in recognition of David’s remarkable ongoing impact on the fields of paleontology, entomology, and evolutionary biology. Throughout his career David has worn an inspirational path across disciplines as an exceptional, thoughtful, and creative scientist. His body of work is vast, punctuated by long-lasting classics that are international in scale and recognition. David is a world authority in multiple arenas; his well-earned expertise ranges from the fossil record and evolutionary history of insects beginning 400 million years ago in the Devonian to the systematics and morphology of notoriously complex drosophilids at the species level. His contributions have helped shape modern palaeoentomology. We are grateful for David’s work and fellowship and look forward to his continued accomplishments.
{"title":"The vision of David Grimaldi","authors":"Phillip Barden, M. Engel","doi":"10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.1","url":null,"abstract":"We are honored to present this special issue of Palaeoentomology in celebration of our dear friend, mentor, and collaborator, David A. Grimaldi (Fig. 1), and on the occasion of his 65th birthday on 22 September 2022. This issue has been compiled in recognition of David’s remarkable ongoing impact on the fields of paleontology, entomology, and evolutionary biology. Throughout his career David has worn an inspirational path across disciplines as an exceptional, thoughtful, and creative scientist. His body of work is vast, punctuated by long-lasting classics that are international in scale and recognition. David is a world authority in multiple arenas; his well-earned expertise ranges from the fossil record and evolutionary history of insects beginning 400 million years ago in the Devonian to the systematics and morphology of notoriously complex drosophilids at the species level. His contributions have helped shape modern palaeoentomology. We are grateful for David’s work and fellowship and look forward to his continued accomplishments.","PeriodicalId":53179,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoentomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42978414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.10
M. Engel, Bo Wang
A new fossil liposcelidid barklouse is described and figured in mid-Miocene amber from southeastern China. Belaphotroctes grimaldii sp. nov. is documented from an individual preserved in Langhian amber from Zhangpu, Fujian, China, and is the first fossil species of the family from the Cenozoic of Asia. The species is distinguished from its congeners and comments are provided regarding the implications of a Belaphotroctes Roesler in the Miocene of China.
{"title":"A new species of embidopsocine barklouse in Langhian amber from Zhangpu, China (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae)","authors":"M. Engel, Bo Wang","doi":"10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.10","url":null,"abstract":"A new fossil liposcelidid barklouse is described and figured in mid-Miocene amber from southeastern China. Belaphotroctes grimaldii sp. nov. is documented from an individual preserved in Langhian amber from Zhangpu, Fujian, China, and is the first fossil species of the family from the Cenozoic of Asia. The species is distinguished from its congeners and comments are provided regarding the implications of a Belaphotroctes Roesler in the Miocene of China.","PeriodicalId":53179,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoentomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42896671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.6
J. Parker
Recently discovered Ypresian-age amber from Cambay, India, reveals an ancient arthropod assemblage on the Indian subcontinent during its collision with Asia. Despite the tectonic history of India, limited connections have been found between the Cambay palaeofauna and present-day Madagascan and mainland African faunas. Here, I describe a new fossil pselaphine rove beetle (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) recovered from the Cambay deposit that shows closest apparent phylogenetic affinity to modern Afrotropical genera. Yprezethinus grimaldii gen. et sp. nov. is placed in Bythinoplectini, subtribe Bythinoplectina. Based on antennal and maxillary palp morphology, Yprezethinus is a putative transitional stem lineage of the Zethinus-group of genera—an extant clade distributed across equatorial African rainforests. Although Yprezethinus shares with this clade the derived feature of ovoid antennal clubs formed by tight appression of the apical two segments, it differs from its putative extant relatives in its possession of the plesiomorphic complement of 11 antennomeres, without any fusions of segments. The fossil taxon signifies a biotic link between early Eocene India and continental Africa, and marks the Cenozoic emergence of a tropical leaf litter arthropod fauna approaching that of contemporary, ant-dominated rainforests.
{"title":"Transitional morphology and Afrotropical affinity of a bythinoplectine rove beetle from the early Eocene of India (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae)","authors":"J. Parker","doi":"10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.6","url":null,"abstract":"Recently discovered Ypresian-age amber from Cambay, India, reveals an ancient arthropod assemblage on the Indian subcontinent during its collision with Asia. Despite the tectonic history of India, limited connections have been found between the Cambay palaeofauna and present-day Madagascan and mainland African faunas. Here, I describe a new fossil pselaphine rove beetle (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) recovered from the Cambay deposit that shows closest apparent phylogenetic affinity to modern Afrotropical genera. Yprezethinus grimaldii gen. et sp. nov. is placed in Bythinoplectini, subtribe Bythinoplectina. Based on antennal and maxillary palp morphology, Yprezethinus is a putative transitional stem lineage of the Zethinus-group of genera—an extant clade distributed across equatorial African rainforests. Although Yprezethinus shares with this clade the derived feature of ovoid antennal clubs formed by tight appression of the apical two segments, it differs from its putative extant relatives in its possession of the plesiomorphic complement of 11 antennomeres, without any fusions of segments. The fossil taxon signifies a biotic link between early Eocene India and continental Africa, and marks the Cenozoic emergence of a tropical leaf litter arthropod fauna approaching that of contemporary, ant-dominated rainforests.","PeriodicalId":53179,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoentomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47891405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.3
D. Shcherbakov
The family Ipsviciidae, originally described from the Upper Triassic of Australia and considered an offshoot of the Scytinopteridae (Tillyard, 1919), was later variously assigned to Heteroptera, Coleorrhyncha, Fulgoroidea, or Cicadomorpha (Cercopoidea or its own superfamily) by different authors (see Lambkin, 2020). Shcherbakov (1984) placed Ipsviciidae in the Scytinopteroidea and demonstrated that this superfamily is ancestral to Heteroptera (Shcherbakov, 1996). The family comprises several genera known from the Triassic and Lower Jurassic of Australia and Eurasia (Lambkin, 2020). A peculiar monotypic genus of Ipsviciidae with a strigil (stridulatory area) on the underside of the tegmen is described below from the Middle to Upper Triassic (Ladinian–Carnian) of the Madygen Lagerstätte, Central Asia. Such a strigil indicates that the new species possessed a stridulatory device of the forewing-hindleg type, similar to those occurring in the extinct Dysmorphoptilidae (Evans, 1961) and some extant true bugs (see Discussion). Dysmorphoptilids and the new ipsviciid genus may have used these devices to produce alarm signals.
{"title":"A new genus of Ipsviciidae (Hemiptera, Cicadomorpha) with a tegminal strigil from the Triassic of Madygen","authors":"D. Shcherbakov","doi":"10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.3","url":null,"abstract":"The family Ipsviciidae, originally described from the Upper Triassic of Australia and considered an offshoot of the Scytinopteridae (Tillyard, 1919), was later variously assigned to Heteroptera, Coleorrhyncha, Fulgoroidea, or Cicadomorpha (Cercopoidea or its own superfamily) by different authors (see Lambkin, 2020). Shcherbakov (1984) placed Ipsviciidae in the Scytinopteroidea and demonstrated that this superfamily is ancestral to Heteroptera (Shcherbakov, 1996). The family comprises several genera known from the Triassic and Lower Jurassic of Australia and Eurasia (Lambkin, 2020). A peculiar monotypic genus of Ipsviciidae with a strigil (stridulatory area) on the underside of the tegmen is described below from the Middle to Upper Triassic (Ladinian–Carnian) of the Madygen Lagerstätte, Central Asia. Such a strigil indicates that the new species possessed a stridulatory device of the forewing-hindleg type, similar to those occurring in the extinct Dysmorphoptilidae (Evans, 1961) and some extant true bugs (see Discussion). Dysmorphoptilids and the new ipsviciid genus may have used these devices to produce alarm signals.","PeriodicalId":53179,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoentomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41864075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.5
A. Rasnitsyn, Viktor A. Kolyada, D. Vorontsov, Christoph Öhm-Kühnle
Cresogmus grimaldii Rasnitsyn & Kolyada gen. et sp. nov. is described from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber in the tribe Disogmini (subfamily Proctotrupinae) as the first representative of the family Proctotrupidae encased in Burmese amber. This new genus is diagnosed by the occipital carina extending to the lower half of the head, the pronotum lacking an epomia, the pterostigma short, the petiole open but very short, the ovipositor wide and bent throughout, with its apex widely rounded. Diagnostic characters of Disogmini are revised.
{"title":"The first Proctotrupidae (Hymenoptera) in Burmese amber, with description of a new genus and species","authors":"A. Rasnitsyn, Viktor A. Kolyada, D. Vorontsov, Christoph Öhm-Kühnle","doi":"10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.5.5","url":null,"abstract":"Cresogmus grimaldii Rasnitsyn & Kolyada gen. et sp. nov. is described from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber in the tribe Disogmini (subfamily Proctotrupinae) as the first representative of the family Proctotrupidae encased in Burmese amber. This new genus is diagnosed by the occipital carina extending to the lower half of the head, the pronotum lacking an epomia, the pterostigma short, the petiole open but very short, the ovipositor wide and bent throughout, with its apex widely rounded. Diagnostic characters of Disogmini are revised.","PeriodicalId":53179,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoentomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48162654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.14
Sibelle Maksoud, R. Gèze, D. Azar
Lebanon has an extraordinarily high proportion of Mesozoic amber outcrops, some (19 outcrops) from the Kimmeridgian, Upper Jurassic (Azar et al., 2010b; Nohra et al., 2013; Maksoud & Azar, 2020); and others (more than 450 outcrops) from the lower Barremian (Granier et al., 2016; Maksoud et al., 2017; Maksoud et al., 2022), Lower Cretaceous (Maksoud & Azar, 2020). The latter number is still endlessly growing (for a very small country with a total surface of 10,452 km2). To date 28 outcrops yielding biological inclusions are known (Maksoud et al., 2019, 2020, 2021a, b, c; Maksoud & Azar, 2022).
黎巴嫩中生代琥珀露头比例极高，其中一些（19个露头）来自上侏罗纪Kimmeridgian（Azar et al.，2010b；Nohra et al.，2013；Maksoud和Azar，2020）；以及来自下巴雷米安的其他（450多个露头）（Granier et al.，2016；Maksoud et al.，2017；Maksou德et al.，2022），下白垩纪（Maksoud&Azar，2020）。后一个数字仍在无休止地增长（对于一个总面积为10452平方公里的非常小的国家来说）。迄今为止，已知有28个露头产生生物包裹体（Maksoud et al.，2019202021a，b，c；Maksoud和Azar，2022）。
{"title":"Ain Zhalta: A new early Barremian fossiliferous amber outcrops from central Lebanon","authors":"Sibelle Maksoud, R. Gèze, D. Azar","doi":"10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.14","url":null,"abstract":"Lebanon has an extraordinarily high proportion of Mesozoic amber outcrops, some (19 outcrops) from the Kimmeridgian, Upper Jurassic (Azar et al., 2010b; Nohra et al., 2013; Maksoud & Azar, 2020); and others (more than 450 outcrops) from the lower Barremian (Granier et al., 2016; Maksoud et al., 2017; Maksoud et al., 2022), Lower Cretaceous (Maksoud & Azar, 2020). The latter number is still endlessly growing (for a very small country with a total surface of 10,452 km2). To date 28 outcrops yielding biological inclusions are known (Maksoud et al., 2019, 2020, 2021a, b, c; Maksoud & Azar, 2022).","PeriodicalId":53179,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoentomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48282076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.12
Yan‐Da Li, Di Huang, Chen-yang Cai
Various dermestids have been reported from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (e.g., Deng et al., 2017; Háva & Damgaard, 2017; Háva, 2020, 2021). Among them, Attagenus burmiticus Cai et al. was the first adult described from this deposit (Cai et al., 2017). This fossil was originally attributed to the extant genus Attagenus in subfamily Attageninae. However, an important character was overlooked when they made this placement. Attagenus burmiticus has metacoxae meeting elytral epipleura laterally, which are unknown in any other Dermestidae except subfamily Orphilinae (Háva, 2004; Lawrence & Ślipiński 2005). In this study, we re-examine the holotype of A. burmiticus and transfer it into genus Nothattagenus Li & Cai gen. nov. in Orphilinae, as Nothattagenus burmiticus comb. nov.
据报道，白垩纪中期缅甸琥珀中存在各种皮肤化石（例如，Deng等人，2017；哈瓦和丹加德，2017；哈瓦，202021）。其中，缅甸阿塔属Cai等人是该矿床中描述的第一个成虫（Cai et al.，2017）。这个化石最初被认为是阿塔金亚科中现存的阿塔属。然而，当他们做这个位置时，忽略了一个重要的角色。缅甸阿塔属有一个侧面与鞘翅外鞘相遇的顶鞘，这在除Orphilinae亚科外的任何其他Dermestidae中都是未知的（Háva，2004；Lawrence和Šlipiński，2005年）。本研究重新研究了缅甸蚁的正模，并将其转移到Orphilinae中的Nothattagenus Li和Cai gen.nov.属中，称为缅甸蚁。十一月
{"title":"“Attagenus” burmiticus from mid-Cretaceous amber reinterpreted as a member of Orphilinae (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)","authors":"Yan‐Da Li, Di Huang, Chen-yang Cai","doi":"10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.12","url":null,"abstract":"Various dermestids have been reported from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (e.g., Deng et al., 2017; Háva & Damgaard, 2017; Háva, 2020, 2021). Among them, Attagenus burmiticus Cai et al. was the first adult described from this deposit (Cai et al., 2017). This fossil was originally attributed to the extant genus Attagenus in subfamily Attageninae. However, an important character was overlooked when they made this placement. Attagenus burmiticus has metacoxae meeting elytral epipleura laterally, which are unknown in any other Dermestidae except subfamily Orphilinae (Háva, 2004; Lawrence & Ślipiński 2005). In this study, we re-examine the holotype of A. burmiticus and transfer it into genus Nothattagenus Li & Cai gen. nov. in Orphilinae, as Nothattagenus burmiticus comb. nov.","PeriodicalId":53179,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoentomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42087613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.10
Manuel Brazidec, V. Perrichot
A flat wasp specimen attributed to the genus Eupsenella Westwood, 1874 is described and figured from the early Eocene compressions of the Green River Formation. This fossil is the first known outside of the Old World for this genus and documents its wide distribution during the Paleogene, while it is currently confined to Australia and New Zealand. As for several other hymenopteran genera, we assume that this regression is linked to abiotic factors, i.e., the Cenozoic climate cooling, rather than to biotic factors.
{"title":"A fossil flat wasp (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) from the early Eocene Green River Formation suggests past cosmopolitan distribution of the genus Eupsenella Westwood, 1874","authors":"Manuel Brazidec, V. Perrichot","doi":"10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"A flat wasp specimen attributed to the genus Eupsenella Westwood, 1874 is described and figured from the early Eocene compressions of the Green River Formation. This fossil is the first known outside of the Old World for this genus and documents its wide distribution during the Paleogene, while it is currently confined to Australia and New Zealand. As for several other hymenopteran genera, we assume that this regression is linked to abiotic factors, i.e., the Cenozoic climate cooling, rather than to biotic factors.","PeriodicalId":53179,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoentomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45011703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.13
Xineng Lian, Chen-yang Cai, Di Huang
Mecoptera are commonly known as scorpionflies, as some mecopterans have bulbous genitals that are upturned, resembling the stinger of scorpions. As one of the most ancient holometabolous orders (Kristensen, 1981; Dunford & Somma, 2008), the stem group of mecopterans can be dated back to the early Permian (Rasnitsyn, 2004). Mecopterans play an important role in our understanding of the origin of fleas. Some Mesozoic giant fleas have been suggested to be derived from extinct long-proboscid mecopterans (Huang et al., 2012), and recent phylogenomic evidence has clearly demonstrated that fleas are nested within Mecoptera (Tihelka et al., 2020). Mecoptera are very abundant in the geological past, with more than 700 species and 210 genera placed in 39 families (Novokshonov et al., 2016; Ren et al., 2019; Wang, 2020). Extant faunas are represented by ca. 700 species and 40 genera assigned to 9 families (Bicha, 2018; Wang, 2020).
甲翅目通常被称为蝎子蝇，因为一些甲翅目的生殖器呈球状，向上翻，类似于蝎子的毒刺。作为最古老的全代谢组目之一（Kristensen，1981；Dunford和Somma，2008），甲翅目的茎群可以追溯到二叠纪早期（Rasnitsyn，2004）。Mecopterans在我们理解跳蚤起源方面发挥着重要作用。一些中生代的巨型跳蚤被认为来源于已灭绝的长鼻目甲翅目（Huang et al.，2012），最近的系统发育学证据清楚地表明跳蚤嵌套在甲翅目内（Tihelka et al.，2020）。Mecopera在过去的地质时代非常丰富，有39科700多种210属（Novokshonov et al.，2016；Ren等人，2019；王，2020）。现存动物群约有9科40属700种（Bicha，2018；王，2020）。
{"title":"The earliest known species of Permeca (Insecta, Mecoptera, Permochoristidae) from the late Guadalupian Yinping Formation of China","authors":"Xineng Lian, Chen-yang Cai, Di Huang","doi":"10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.13","url":null,"abstract":"Mecoptera are commonly known as scorpionflies, as some mecopterans have bulbous genitals that are upturned, resembling the stinger of scorpions. As one of the most ancient holometabolous orders (Kristensen, 1981; Dunford & Somma, 2008), the stem group of mecopterans can be dated back to the early Permian (Rasnitsyn, 2004). Mecopterans play an important role in our understanding of the origin of fleas. Some Mesozoic giant fleas have been suggested to be derived from extinct long-proboscid mecopterans (Huang et al., 2012), and recent phylogenomic evidence has clearly demonstrated that fleas are nested within Mecoptera (Tihelka et al., 2020). Mecoptera are very abundant in the geological past, with more than 700 species and 210 genera placed in 39 families (Novokshonov et al., 2016; Ren et al., 2019; Wang, 2020). Extant faunas are represented by ca. 700 species and 40 genera assigned to 9 families (Bicha, 2018; Wang, 2020).","PeriodicalId":53179,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoentomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43431688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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