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Medicaid Unwinding Experiences in Dual-Eligible Older Adults. 双重资格老年人的医疗补助解除经验。
IF 9.5 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4692
Renuka Tipirneni, Wendy Furst, Dominic A Ruggiero, Dianne C Singer, Erica Solway, Erin Beathard, Syama R Patel, Andrei R Stefanescu, Jeffrey T Kullgren, John Z Ayanian, Eric T Roberts

Importance: Dual-eligible older adults rely on Medicaid to pay for Medicare premiums and cost sharing in addition to supplemental services including dental and long-term care. However, the unique experiences of dual-eligible older adults with Medicaid unwinding remain unknown.

Objective: To assess the awareness and experiences of dual-eligible older adults with Medicaid redetermination.

Design, setting, and participants: A cross-sectional national survey of community-dwelling US adults aged 65 years or older with incomes less than or equal to 100% of the federal poverty level, via internet and telephone, was conducted from January 23 through February 19, 2024. Participants were recruited from NORC probability-based and 2 additional national nonprobability panels.

Main outcomes and measures: Weighted percentage values for respondent awareness of Medicaid redeterminations, experiences navigating reenrollment, and cost-related barriers to accessing care.

Results: Of 843 respondents, most were female (62.9%), aged 65 to 74 years (62.3%), and had completed up to high school education (72.3%). Overall, 16.1% (95% CI, 12.4%-19.9%) had heard a lot and 34.6% (95% CI, 28.9%-40.4%) a little about states returning to Medicaid renewals; 49.0% (95% CI, 43.0%-55.0%) heard nothing at all. A total of 45.1% completed a Medicaid renewal, 37.0% did not complete a renewal, and 17.7% did not know about renewal requirements. A total of 87.7% maintained Medicaid, 5.9% lost Medicaid but got it back, and 5.5% lost Medicaid and did not get it back. In the last 6 months, 7.7% reported delaying or forgoing care due to cost. Delayed or forgone care was more common among those who lost Medicaid and did not get it back (18.4%) and those who lost Medicaid but got it back (30.6%) compared with those who maintained Medicaid (5.5%). Cost-related barriers were more common for dental (25.1%) and home health services (18.5%), which are frequently covered by Medicaid.

Conclusions and relevance: The findings highlight a need to address informational gaps and navigational barriers related to Medicaid unwinding among older adults with dual eligibility for Medicare and Medicaid. Addressing these gaps may help to avoid Medicaid losses that contribute to difficulties accessing care.

重要性:双重资格的老年人依靠医疗补助来支付医疗保险费和费用分摊,此外还有包括牙科和长期护理在内的补充服务。然而,医疗补助计划解除的双重资格老年人的独特经历仍然未知。目的:评估双重资格老年人医疗补助再确定的意识和经验。设计、环境和参与者:从2024年1月23日至2月19日,通过互联网和电话对65岁或以上收入低于或等于100%联邦贫困线的美国社区成年人进行了一项横断面全国调查。参与者是从NORC基于概率和另外两个国家非概率小组中招募的。主要结果和测量:受访者对医疗补助再确定的认识、重新注册的经历和获得医疗的成本相关障碍的加权百分比值。结果:在843名受访者中,大多数为女性(62.9%),年龄在65岁至74岁之间(62.3%),高中以下学历(72.3%)。总体而言,16.1% (95% CI, 12.4%-19.9%)的人听说过很多,34.6% (95% CI, 28.9%-40.4%)的人听说过很少;49.0% (95% CI, 43.0%-55.0%)没有听到任何信息。共有45.1%的人完成了医疗补助续期,37.0%的人没有完成续期,17.7%的人不知道续期要求。共有87.7%的人保留了医疗补助,5.9%的人失去了医疗补助,但又恢复了,5.5%的人失去了医疗补助,但没有恢复。在过去的6个月里,7.7%的人报告说,由于费用原因,他们推迟或放弃了治疗。与维持医疗补助(5.5%)的人相比,延迟或放弃治疗在失去医疗补助但没有得到医疗补助的人(18.4%)和失去医疗补助但得到医疗补助的人(30.6%)中更为常见。与费用相关的障碍在牙科(25.1%)和家庭保健服务(18.5%)中更为常见,这些服务通常由医疗补助计划覆盖。结论和相关性:研究结果强调需要解决与医疗保险和医疗补助双重资格的老年人中与医疗补助解除相关的信息差距和导航障碍。解决这些差距可能有助于避免医疗补助损失,从而导致难以获得医疗服务。
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引用次数: 0
Pursuing Equity With Artificial Intelligence in Health Care.
IF 9.5 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.5031
Kevin B Johnson, Ivor B Horn, Eric Horvitz
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引用次数: 0
Reflections on the First 5 Years of JAMA Health Forum. JAMA健康论坛前5年的思考
IF 9.5 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4944
John Z Ayanian
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引用次数: 0
Patient-Clinician Communication Interventions Across Multiple Primary Care Sites: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. 跨多个初级医疗机构的患者与医生沟通干预:集群随机临床试验。
IF 9.5 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4436
Ming Tai-Seale, Michael Cheung, Florin Vaida, Bernice Ruo, Amanda Walker, Rebecca L Rosen, Michael Hogarth, Kimberly A Fisher, Sonal Singh, Robert A Yood, Lawrence Garber, Cassandra Saphirak, Martina Li, Albert S Chan, Edward E Yu, Gene Kallenberg, Christopher A Longhurst, Marlene Millen, Cheryl D Stults, Kathleen M Mazor
<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Despite various attempts to improve patient-clinician communication, there has been limited head-to-head comparison of these efforts.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess whether clinician coaching (mobile application or in-person) is more effective than reminder posters in examination rooms and whether mobile app use is noninferior to in-person coaching.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>A cluster randomized clinical trial with 3 arms. A total of 21 primary care clinics participated in 3 health systems in the US; participants were patients and primary care clinicians with clinic visits between August 28, 2019, and December 31, 2021. Data were analyzed from August 4, 2022, to November 10, 2024. Data analysis was based on intention to treat.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>In-person coaching of clinicians with standardized patient instructor training (high-touch), mobile application-based coaching (high-tech), and posters placed in examination rooms encouraging shared decision-making (AskShareKnow [ASK]). Before visits, patients in the high-touch and high-tech groups were prompted to inform their clinicians of the most important matter for discussion using online check-in.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The primary outcome was a patient engagement measure (CollaboRATE) of patient perceptions of communication and shared decision-making during the visit. Difference-in-differences mixed-effect regression with random intercepts for primary care clinician were used for analyses. Secondary outcomes included the net promoter score (patient's likelihood of recommending this clinician to others) and patient's confidence in managing their health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants included 4852 patients with a median age of 54 years (IQR, 39-66 years); 63.6% were women. A total of 114 clinicians (median age range, 40-59 years; 48 were women [42.1%]) participated. The 3 interventions did not differ significantly in probability of CollaboRATE top score (marginal difference, high-tech vs ASK, -0.021; 95% CI, -0.073 to 0.030; high-touch vs ASK, -0.018, 95% CI, -0.069 to 0.033; high-tech vs high-touch, -0.003, 95% CI, -0.057 to 0.052; P = .14). Patients in the high-tech group were less likely to recommend their clinician to others than patients in the high-touch group (difference in marginal probability, -0.056; 95% CI, -0.118 to 0.019; P = .04). After 3 months, patients in the high-tech group had a significantly lower score than patients in the high-touch group (mean difference, -0.176; 95% CI, -0.341 to -0.011; P = .04) in confidence in managing their health.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This cluster randomized clinical trial found no evidence of intervention effects, although there were differences across systems. Some secondary outcomes suggested positive effect of clinicians receiving in-person coaching. Alternative outcome measures of pat
重要性:尽管为改善患者与医生之间的沟通进行了各种尝试,但对这些尝试进行正面比较的情况却很有限:目的:评估临床医生指导(手机应用或面对面指导)是否比在检查室张贴提醒海报更有效,以及手机应用的使用是否不逊于面对面指导:群组随机临床试验,共分为 3 组。美国3个医疗系统共21家初级保健诊所参与了该试验;参与者为在2019年8月28日至2021年12月31日期间就诊的患者和初级保健临床医生。数据分析时间为 2022 年 8 月 4 日至 2024 年 11 月 10 日。数据分析基于意向治疗:通过标准化患者指导员培训对临床医生进行面对面指导(高接触)、基于移动应用程序的指导(高科技),以及在检查室张贴鼓励共同决策的海报(AskShareKnow [ASK])。在就诊前,高接触组和高科技组的患者会被提示通过在线签到告知临床医生最重要的讨论事项:主要结果和测量指标:主要结果是患者参与度测量指标(CollaboRATE),即患者对就诊期间沟通和共同决策的看法。分析采用差分混合效应回归法,并对初级保健临床医生进行随机截距。次要结果包括净促进者得分(患者向他人推荐该临床医生的可能性)和患者对管理自身健康的信心:参与者包括 4852 名患者,中位年龄为 54 岁(IQR,39-66 岁);63.6% 为女性。共有 114 名临床医生(年龄中位数为 40-59 岁;女性 48 名 [42.1%])参与了此次研究。3 种干预措施在 CollaboRATE 最高得分概率方面没有显著差异(边际差异,高科技 vs ASK,-0.021;95% CI,-0.073 至 0.030;高接触 vs ASK,-0.018,95% CI,-0.069 至 0.033;高科技 vs 高接触,-0.003,95% CI,-0.057 至 0.052;P = .14)。高科技组患者向他人推荐其临床医生的可能性低于高接触组患者(边际概率差异为-0.056;95% CI 为-0.118 至 0.019;P = .04)。3 个月后,高科技组患者在管理自己健康的信心方面的得分明显低于高接触组患者(平均差异为-0.176;95% CI 为-0.341 至-0.011;P = .04):这项分组随机临床试验没有发现干预效果的证据,尽管不同系统之间存在差异。一些次要结果表明,临床医生接受面对面指导具有积极作用。可能需要对患者参与度进行其他结果测量:试验注册:ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT03385512.
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引用次数: 0
Cost Shifting for Emergency Care of Veterans With Medicare After MISSION Act Implementation. 任务法案实施后医疗保险退伍军人紧急护理的成本转移。
IF 9.5 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4312
Laura G Burke, Yanlei Ma, Jessica Phelan, Ellen Latsko, Austin B Frakt, Steven D Pizer, Jose F Figueroa
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引用次数: 0
Medicare to Veterans Affairs Cost Shifting-A Challenging Conundrum. 医疗保险到退伍军人事务的成本转移——一个具有挑战性的难题。
IF 9.5 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4319
Kenneth W Kizer, Said Ibrahim
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引用次数: 0
Error in Introduction and Figure 1. 在介绍和图1中出现错误。
IF 9.5 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.5090
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引用次数: 0
The Oregon Medicaid Guideline on Smoking Abstinence Prior to Elective Surgery. 择期手术前戒烟的俄勒冈医疗补助指南。
IF 9.5 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4019
Steffani R Bailey, Nathalie Huguet, Hilary A Tindle
{"title":"The Oregon Medicaid Guideline on Smoking Abstinence Prior to Elective Surgery.","authors":"Steffani R Bailey, Nathalie Huguet, Hilary A Tindle","doi":"10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4019","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53180,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Health Forum","volume":"5 12","pages":"e244019"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11816830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mitigating Clinical Algorithmic Discrimination. 减少临床算法歧视。
IF 9.5 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4190
Anirban Basu
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引用次数: 0
Drug Overdose Deaths Among Medicaid Beneficiaries. 医疗补助受益人中药物过量死亡。
IF 9.5 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4365
Tami L Mark, Benjamin D Huber

Importance: Medicaid programs have expanded coverage of substance use disorder treatment and undertaken many other initiatives to reduce drug overdoses among beneficiaries. However, to date, no information has been published that tracks overdose deaths among the Medicaid population.

Objective: To determine the rate of drug overdose among Medicaid beneficiaries.

Design, setting, and participants: In this cross-sectional study, US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services data from 2016 to 2020 that linked enrollment and demographic data from all Medicaid beneficiaries in the US with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Death Index were used to determine the rate of drug overdose death among Medicaid beneficiaries. The Medicaid population rates were compared with those of the total US population, overall and by age and sex.

Exposure: Participation in the Medicaid program.

Main outcome: Death of a drug overdose.

Results: In 2020, the drug overdose death rate among Medicaid beneficiaries was 54.6 per 100 000, a rate that was twice as high as the drug overdose rate among all US residents (27.9 per 100 000). In 2020, Medicaid beneficiaries comprised 25.0% of the US population but 48% of all overdose deaths (44 277 of 91 783). For each age and sex group older than 15 years, overdose deaths were higher for the Medicaid population than for the US population, with the greatest difference occurring among adults ages 45 to 64 years. From 2016 to 2020, Medicaid overdose deaths increased by 54%.

Conclusions and relevance: The results of this study suggest that more research is needed to understand why Medicaid beneficiaries have higher rates of drug overdoses than all US residents. Additionally, research is needed to understand how best to prevent overdoses among Medicaid beneficiaries. The federal government should support these efforts by routinely linking Medicaid claims and enrollment data to death records.

重要性:医疗补助计划扩大了药物使用障碍治疗的覆盖范围,并采取了许多其他措施来减少受益人的药物过量。然而,到目前为止,还没有发布任何关于医疗补助人群中过量死亡的信息。目的:了解医疗补助受益人药物过量的发生率。设计、环境和参与者:在这项横断面研究中,美国医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心2016年至2020年的数据将美国所有医疗补助受益人的登记和人口统计数据与美国疾病控制和预防中心的国家死亡指数联系起来,用于确定医疗补助受益人的药物过量死亡率。将医疗补助人口比率与美国总人口比率进行比较,并按年龄和性别进行比较。经历:参加医疗补助计划。主要结局:药物过量死亡。结果:2020年,医疗补助受益人的药物过量死亡率为54.6 / 100000 000,是所有美国居民药物过量死亡率(27.9 / 100000 000)的两倍。2020年,医疗补助受益人占美国人口的25.0%,但占所有过量死亡人数的48%(44 277 / 91 783)。对于15岁以上的每个年龄和性别群体,医疗补助人群的过量死亡人数高于美国人口,最大的差异发生在45至64岁的成年人中。从2016年到2020年,医疗补助过量死亡人数增加了54%。结论和相关性:本研究的结果表明,需要更多的研究来理解为什么医疗补助受益人的药物过量率高于所有美国居民。此外,需要进行研究,以了解如何最好地防止医疗补助受益人服用过量药物。联邦政府应该支持这些努力,定期将医疗补助申请和登记数据与死亡记录联系起来。
{"title":"Drug Overdose Deaths Among Medicaid Beneficiaries.","authors":"Tami L Mark, Benjamin D Huber","doi":"10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4365","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Medicaid programs have expanded coverage of substance use disorder treatment and undertaken many other initiatives to reduce drug overdoses among beneficiaries. However, to date, no information has been published that tracks overdose deaths among the Medicaid population.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the rate of drug overdose among Medicaid beneficiaries.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services data from 2016 to 2020 that linked enrollment and demographic data from all Medicaid beneficiaries in the US with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Death Index were used to determine the rate of drug overdose death among Medicaid beneficiaries. The Medicaid population rates were compared with those of the total US population, overall and by age and sex.</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>Participation in the Medicaid program.</p><p><strong>Main outcome: </strong>Death of a drug overdose.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2020, the drug overdose death rate among Medicaid beneficiaries was 54.6 per 100 000, a rate that was twice as high as the drug overdose rate among all US residents (27.9 per 100 000). In 2020, Medicaid beneficiaries comprised 25.0% of the US population but 48% of all overdose deaths (44 277 of 91 783). For each age and sex group older than 15 years, overdose deaths were higher for the Medicaid population than for the US population, with the greatest difference occurring among adults ages 45 to 64 years. From 2016 to 2020, Medicaid overdose deaths increased by 54%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The results of this study suggest that more research is needed to understand why Medicaid beneficiaries have higher rates of drug overdoses than all US residents. Additionally, research is needed to understand how best to prevent overdoses among Medicaid beneficiaries. The federal government should support these efforts by routinely linking Medicaid claims and enrollment data to death records.</p>","PeriodicalId":53180,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Health Forum","volume":"5 12","pages":"e244365"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11624576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
JAMA Health Forum
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