T. Rahman, N. Sultana, G. M. Molla, P. Mazumder, S. N. Chowdhury, I. Rahman
Background: The nephrotic syndrome is a constellation of abnormalities that includes massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia and oedema. Lipid abnormalities have an important biochemical basis in the disease process of adult nephrotic syndrome. Dyslipidaemia in nephrotic syndrome is involved in cardiovascular risk and also accelerates the progression of glomerular dysfunction.Objective: To find out the association between serum lipid profile and nephrotic syndrome in adult.Materials and method: This case control study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period of July 2013 to June 2014 to evaluate the association of serum lipid profile in adult patients with nephrotic syndrome. One hundred (100) study subjects were included, among them fifty (50) were diagnosed adult nephrotic syndrome patients selected as case and fifty (50) were age and sex matched healthy adult individuals selected as control. Serum lipid profile and serum albumin were measured for both case and control. All the statistical analyses were done by using SPSS for Windows version 20.0.Results: Mean±SD of serum total cholesterol (Tchol), triacylglycerol (TAG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) of case were 288.23±35.67 mg/dL, 174.53±18.86 mg/dL, 23.71±4.58 mg/dL, and 231.16±34.28 mg/dL respectively and that of control were 171.04± 24.36 mg/dL, 129.58± 23.47 mg/dL, 37.5± 7.01 mg/dL, and 103.58±36.83 mg/dL respectively. Serum Tchol, TAG, LDL-C levels were significantly higher in cases than the control (p<0.0001) and serum HDL-C level was significantly lower in cases than the control (p<0.0001).Conclusion: Dyslipidaemia is associated with adult nephrotic syndrome. Routine check-up of lipid profile will help to prevent the development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in adult nephrotic syndrome patients.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 78-81
背景:肾病综合征是一系列异常，包括大量蛋白尿、低白蛋白血症和水肿。脂质异常在成人肾病综合征的发病过程中具有重要的生化基础。肾病综合征的血脂异常与心血管风险有关，也加速肾小球功能障碍的进展。目的:探讨成人血脂与肾病综合征的关系。材料与方法:本病例对照研究于2013年7月至2014年6月在孟加拉国达卡达卡医学院生物化学系进行，目的是评估成人肾病综合征患者血脂水平的相关性。共纳入100例研究对象，其中确诊成人肾病综合征患者50例作为病例，年龄和性别匹配的健康成人50例作为对照。分别测定了病例组和对照组的血脂和血清白蛋白。采用SPSS for Windows 20.0进行统计分析。结果:病例血清总胆固醇(Tchol)、三酰甘油(TAG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)均值±SD分别为288.23±35.67 mg/dL、174.53±18.86 mg/dL、23.71±4.58 mg/dL、231.16±34.28 mg/dL，对照组均值±SD分别为171.04±24.36 mg/dL、129.58±23.47 mg/dL、37.5±7.01 mg/dL、103.58±36.83 mg/dL。血清tol、TAG、LDL-C水平显著高于对照组(p<0.0001)，血清HDL-C水平显著低于对照组(p<0.0001)。结论:血脂异常与成人肾病综合征相关。成人肾病综合征患者常规血脂检查有助于预防心脑血管并发症的发生。中华医学杂志，2018,6(2):78-81
{"title":"Serum Lipid Profile in Adult Nephrotic Syndrome Patients","authors":"T. Rahman, N. Sultana, G. M. Molla, P. Mazumder, S. N. Chowdhury, I. Rahman","doi":"10.3329/DMCJ.V6I2.38216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/DMCJ.V6I2.38216","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The nephrotic syndrome is a constellation of abnormalities that includes massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia and oedema. Lipid abnormalities have an important biochemical basis in the disease process of adult nephrotic syndrome. Dyslipidaemia in nephrotic syndrome is involved in cardiovascular risk and also accelerates the progression of glomerular dysfunction.Objective: To find out the association between serum lipid profile and nephrotic syndrome in adult.Materials and method: This case control study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period of July 2013 to June 2014 to evaluate the association of serum lipid profile in adult patients with nephrotic syndrome. One hundred (100) study subjects were included, among them fifty (50) were diagnosed adult nephrotic syndrome patients selected as case and fifty (50) were age and sex matched healthy adult individuals selected as control. Serum lipid profile and serum albumin were measured for both case and control. All the statistical analyses were done by using SPSS for Windows version 20.0.Results: Mean±SD of serum total cholesterol (Tchol), triacylglycerol (TAG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) of case were 288.23±35.67 mg/dL, 174.53±18.86 mg/dL, 23.71±4.58 mg/dL, and 231.16±34.28 mg/dL respectively and that of control were 171.04± 24.36 mg/dL, 129.58± 23.47 mg/dL, 37.5± 7.01 mg/dL, and 103.58±36.83 mg/dL respectively. Serum Tchol, TAG, LDL-C levels were significantly higher in cases than the control (p<0.0001) and serum HDL-C level was significantly lower in cases than the control (p<0.0001).Conclusion: Dyslipidaemia is associated with adult nephrotic syndrome. Routine check-up of lipid profile will help to prevent the development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in adult nephrotic syndrome patients.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 78-81","PeriodicalId":53280,"journal":{"name":"Delta Medical College Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3329/DMCJ.V6I2.38216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48195085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Sazzad Hossain, M. Rashid, Anisur Rahman Babu, Devashis Saha, Debasis Banik
Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) though a minor sequel after general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation, it can be distressing to the patient.Objective: The effectiveness of lubricating endotracheal tube with 0.05% betamethasone gel or intravenous dexamethasone in reducing the postoperative sore throat was compared.Materials and method: This was a prospective study carried out among ninety ASA I and II informed consenting patients aged 20-50 years undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation. The patients were randomly divided into three groups with thirty subjects in each group. Betamethasone gel (0.05%) was applied over endotracheal tube over 15 cm mark from the tip in group I, intravenous dexamethasone was given in group II and group III was taken as control. In post-anaesthesia care unit, an anesthesiologist interviewed all patients on postoperative sore throat at 1 hour, 6 hours and 24 hours after operation.Results: At 24 hours following extubation, there was statistically significant lower incidence of post-operative sore throat (POST) in betamethasone group compared to other two groups (betamethasone group 3.33%, dexamethasone group 20% and control group 26.66%, p<0.05). When the groups were compared in pairs at 24 hours, there was statistically significant difference in the incidence of POST between betamethasone group and dexamethasone group and also betamethasone group and control group with lower incidence of POST in betamethasone group, p<0.05. It was also observed that there was no significant difference of POST between dexamethasone and control group at 1 hour, 6 hours or 24 hours, p>0.05.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the use of 0.05% betamethasone gel to lubricate widely the endotracheal tube prior to intubation effectively reduces postoperative sore throat, compared to intravenous dexamethasone administration.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 73-77
背景：术后喉咙痛（POST）虽然是气管插管全身麻醉后的轻微后遗症，但对患者来说可能是痛苦的。目的：比较0.05%倍他米松凝胶与地塞米松静脉滴注润滑气管插管治疗术后咽喉痛的疗效。材料和方法：这是一项前瞻性研究，对象为90名年龄在20-50岁之间的ASA I和II知情同意患者，他们在全麻下接受气管插管选择性手术。患者被随机分为三组，每组30名受试者。在第一组中，将地塞米松凝胶（0.05%）涂抹在距离尖端15cm以上的气管导管上，在第二组中静脉注射地塞米松，并将第三组作为对照。在麻醉后护理室，麻醉师在术后1小时、6小时和24小时采访了所有术后喉咙痛患者。结果：拔管后24小时，与其他两组相比，倍他米松组术后喉咙痛（post）的发生率具有统计学意义（倍他米松组3.33%，地塞米松组20%，对照组26.66%，p0.05。结论：与静脉注射地塞米松相比，在插管前使用0.05%倍他米松凝胶广泛润滑气管插管可有效减少术后喉咙痛。Delta Med Col J.Jan 2018 6（2）：73-77
{"title":"Betamethasone Gel versus Intravenous Dexamethasone as Prophylaxis against Postoperative Sore Throat","authors":"Muhammad Sazzad Hossain, M. Rashid, Anisur Rahman Babu, Devashis Saha, Debasis Banik","doi":"10.3329/DMCJ.V6I2.38215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/DMCJ.V6I2.38215","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) though a minor sequel after general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation, it can be distressing to the patient.Objective: The effectiveness of lubricating endotracheal tube with 0.05% betamethasone gel or intravenous dexamethasone in reducing the postoperative sore throat was compared.Materials and method: This was a prospective study carried out among ninety ASA I and II informed consenting patients aged 20-50 years undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation. The patients were randomly divided into three groups with thirty subjects in each group. Betamethasone gel (0.05%) was applied over endotracheal tube over 15 cm mark from the tip in group I, intravenous dexamethasone was given in group II and group III was taken as control. In post-anaesthesia care unit, an anesthesiologist interviewed all patients on postoperative sore throat at 1 hour, 6 hours and 24 hours after operation.Results: At 24 hours following extubation, there was statistically significant lower incidence of post-operative sore throat (POST) in betamethasone group compared to other two groups (betamethasone group 3.33%, dexamethasone group 20% and control group 26.66%, p<0.05). When the groups were compared in pairs at 24 hours, there was statistically significant difference in the incidence of POST between betamethasone group and dexamethasone group and also betamethasone group and control group with lower incidence of POST in betamethasone group, p<0.05. It was also observed that there was no significant difference of POST between dexamethasone and control group at 1 hour, 6 hours or 24 hours, p>0.05.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the use of 0.05% betamethasone gel to lubricate widely the endotracheal tube prior to intubation effectively reduces postoperative sore throat, compared to intravenous dexamethasone administration.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 73-77","PeriodicalId":53280,"journal":{"name":"Delta Medical College Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3329/DMCJ.V6I2.38215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45084604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyperprolactinemia is a common endocrine disorder that can be associated with significant morbidity. It can result from a number of causes, including use of medication, hypothyroidism and pituitary disorders. Depending on the cause and consequences of hyperprolactinemia, selected patients require treatment considering the underlying cause, age sex, and reproductive status. We describe a systematic review of hyperprolactinemia, including microadenomas and macroadenomas, in various clinical settings, with emphasis on newer diagnostic strategies and the role of various therapeutic options, including treatment with selective dopamine agonists. Through this review, we aimed to compare efficacy and adverse effects of medications, surgery and radiotherapy in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 90-101
{"title":"Hyperprolactinemia: A Systematic Review of Diagnosis and Management","authors":"N. Akter, N. Qureshi, T. Akter","doi":"10.3329/DMCJ.V6I2.38219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/DMCJ.V6I2.38219","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperprolactinemia is a common endocrine disorder that can be associated with significant morbidity. It can result from a number of causes, including use of medication, hypothyroidism and pituitary disorders. Depending on the cause and consequences of hyperprolactinemia, selected patients require treatment considering the underlying cause, age sex, and reproductive status. We describe a systematic review of hyperprolactinemia, including microadenomas and macroadenomas, in various clinical settings, with emphasis on newer diagnostic strategies and the role of various therapeutic options, including treatment with selective dopamine agonists. Through this review, we aimed to compare efficacy and adverse effects of medications, surgery and radiotherapy in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 90-101","PeriodicalId":53280,"journal":{"name":"Delta Medical College Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3329/DMCJ.V6I2.38219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45274675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Rashid, R. K. Chowdhury, E. Huq, Shamimur Rahman, Nelson Taposh Mondal
Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. Relevance of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), an acute phase reactant and a sensitive marker of low-grade systemic inflammation in bronchial asthma has not been fully studied.Objectives: Reported studies have found an inverse relationship between lung function and markers of systemic inflammation. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between serum level of hs-CRP and bronchial asthma.Materials and method: In this study, hs-CRP was measured in 60 patients with asthma and 40 healthy control subjects. Of all asthmatics, 39 patients had partially controlled and uncontrolled asthma and 21 patients had asthma during exacerbation.Results: Highly sensitive CRP was significantly higher (p<0.000) in asthmatic patients as compared to the control group. In asthmatics with exacerbation, serum hs-CRP was significantly higher than in partially controlled and uncontrolled asthmatic patients (p<0.006) and control subjects (p<0.0001).Conclusion: Serum hs-CRP may be a non specific marker of asthma and its exacerbation.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 62-67
{"title":"A Study on Highly Sensitive C-Reactive Protein (Hs-CRP) in Patients with Bronchial Asthma","authors":"H. Rashid, R. K. Chowdhury, E. Huq, Shamimur Rahman, Nelson Taposh Mondal","doi":"10.3329/DMCJ.V6I2.38213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/DMCJ.V6I2.38213","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. Relevance of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), an acute phase reactant and a sensitive marker of low-grade systemic inflammation in bronchial asthma has not been fully studied.Objectives: Reported studies have found an inverse relationship between lung function and markers of systemic inflammation. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between serum level of hs-CRP and bronchial asthma.Materials and method: In this study, hs-CRP was measured in 60 patients with asthma and 40 healthy control subjects. Of all asthmatics, 39 patients had partially controlled and uncontrolled asthma and 21 patients had asthma during exacerbation.Results: Highly sensitive CRP was significantly higher (p<0.000) in asthmatic patients as compared to the control group. In asthmatics with exacerbation, serum hs-CRP was significantly higher than in partially controlled and uncontrolled asthmatic patients (p<0.006) and control subjects (p<0.0001).Conclusion: Serum hs-CRP may be a non specific marker of asthma and its exacerbation.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 62-67","PeriodicalId":53280,"journal":{"name":"Delta Medical College Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3329/DMCJ.V6I2.38213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47612565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Precocious puberty is one of the gynaecological problems in childhood. Children with hypothyroidism generally have delayed pubertal development. But primary hypothyroidism is one of the rare causes of precocious puberty especially in long standing untreated patients. Bilateral ovarian enlargement due to multiple cystic ovaries is a rare complication of primary hypothyroidism. For ovarian enlargement no treatment is required at all. This is a case report of an 8.5 years old girl diagnosed as a case of precocious puberty with benign ovarian tumour at a peripheral hospital and was being prepared to undergo laparotomy. When patient was admitted at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital (ShSMCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh, after thorough investigations primary hypothyroidism was diagnosed. She was given thyroxin replacement and close monitoring was done by doing USG of uterus and adnexae, thyroid function test at monthly interval. USG after 2 months revealed significant reduction of ovarian volume and at 6 month ovarian volume reduced to normal. It was also noticed that the rate of reduction of ovarian volume corresponds to the rate of reduction of serum TSH level measured serially at every 2 months interval.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 102-105
{"title":"Unusual Presentation of Precocious Puberty Associated with Primary Hypothyroidism in a 8.5 Years Old Girl","authors":"S. Rikta, F. Ashraf, Samira Areen","doi":"10.3329/dmcj.v6i2.38220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v6i2.38220","url":null,"abstract":"Precocious puberty is one of the gynaecological problems in childhood. Children with hypothyroidism generally have delayed pubertal development. But primary hypothyroidism is one of the rare causes of precocious puberty especially in long standing untreated patients. Bilateral ovarian enlargement due to multiple cystic ovaries is a rare complication of primary hypothyroidism. For ovarian enlargement no treatment is required at all. This is a case report of an 8.5 years old girl diagnosed as a case of precocious puberty with benign ovarian tumour at a peripheral hospital and was being prepared to undergo laparotomy. When patient was admitted at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital (ShSMCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh, after thorough investigations primary hypothyroidism was diagnosed. She was given thyroxin replacement and close monitoring was done by doing USG of uterus and adnexae, thyroid function test at monthly interval. USG after 2 months revealed significant reduction of ovarian volume and at 6 month ovarian volume reduced to normal. It was also noticed that the rate of reduction of ovarian volume corresponds to the rate of reduction of serum TSH level measured serially at every 2 months interval.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 102-105","PeriodicalId":53280,"journal":{"name":"Delta Medical College Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3329/dmcj.v6i2.38220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41815702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Cataract surgery is usually done under local anaesthesia. But till now there are no absolutely safe local anaesthetics. Current study is done to find out a safer local anaesthetic for cataract surgery.Objective: To evaluate the onset, duration, quality, side effects and safety of bupivacaine and lignocaine in peribulbar block (PBB) for cataract surgery.Materials and method: This was a randomized observational controlled clinical study done in Monno Medical College Hospital, Manikganj, Bangladesh, in the period of October, 2014 to October, 2015. Two hundred cataract patients attending ophthalmology department were allocated to receive either 4 mL 0.5% bupivacaine+4 ml 2% lignocaine or 8 mL of 2% lignocaine for peribulbar block during cataract surgery. Onset, duration, quality of anaesthesia and after effects were used as a clinical parameter for the study.Results: Mean anaesthetic durations of lignocaine and bupivacaine+lignocaine were 75 minutes and 120 minutes respectively. Least complications were observed in subjects with lignocaine.Conclusion: Peribulbar blocks with 2% lignocaine provide better anaesthesia for cataract surgery and success rates are high without any complications. Anaesthetic time of lignocaine alone is enough for cataract surgeryDelta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 68-72
背景:白内障手术通常在局部麻醉下进行。但到目前为止，还没有绝对安全的局部麻醉剂。目前的研究是为了寻找一种更安全的白内障手术局部麻醉。目的:评价布比卡因和利多卡因在白内障手术中球囊周围阻滞(PBB)的起效、持续时间、质量、副作用和安全性。材料与方法:本研究于2014年10月至2015年10月在孟加拉国Manikganj市Monno医学院医院进行的随机观察性对照临床研究。在眼科就诊的200例白内障患者在白内障手术中分别接受4 mL 0.5%布比卡因+4 mL 2%利多卡因或8 mL 2%利多卡因用于球周阻滞。发作、持续时间、麻醉质量和术后效果被用作研究的临床参数。结果:利多卡因和布比卡因+利多卡因的平均麻醉时间分别为75分钟和120分钟。利多卡因组并发症最少。结论:2%利多卡因球周阻滞对白内障手术有较好的麻醉效果，成功率高，无并发症。利多卡因在白内障手术中的应用[j] .中华医学杂志，2018,6(2):68-72
{"title":"Cataract Surgery under Local Anaesthesia - Search for Safer One","authors":"Abdus Salam Siddique, F. Hoque, Jamal Abu Naser","doi":"10.3329/dmcj.v6i2.38214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v6i2.38214","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cataract surgery is usually done under local anaesthesia. But till now there are no absolutely safe local anaesthetics. Current study is done to find out a safer local anaesthetic for cataract surgery.Objective: To evaluate the onset, duration, quality, side effects and safety of bupivacaine and lignocaine in peribulbar block (PBB) for cataract surgery.Materials and method: This was a randomized observational controlled clinical study done in Monno Medical College Hospital, Manikganj, Bangladesh, in the period of October, 2014 to October, 2015. Two hundred cataract patients attending ophthalmology department were allocated to receive either 4 mL 0.5% bupivacaine+4 ml 2% lignocaine or 8 mL of 2% lignocaine for peribulbar block during cataract surgery. Onset, duration, quality of anaesthesia and after effects were used as a clinical parameter for the study.Results: Mean anaesthetic durations of lignocaine and bupivacaine+lignocaine were 75 minutes and 120 minutes respectively. Least complications were observed in subjects with lignocaine.Conclusion: Peribulbar blocks with 2% lignocaine provide better anaesthesia for cataract surgery and success rates are high without any complications. Anaesthetic time of lignocaine alone is enough for cataract surgeryDelta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 68-72","PeriodicalId":53280,"journal":{"name":"Delta Medical College Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3329/dmcj.v6i2.38214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41491629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract not availableDelta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 106
摘要不可用Delta Med Col J.Jan 2018 6（2）：106
{"title":"Reviewers in this issue Vol.6(2)","authors":"Rezwanur Rahman","doi":"10.3329/dmcj.v6i2.38221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v6i2.38221","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not availableDelta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(2): 106","PeriodicalId":53280,"journal":{"name":"Delta Medical College Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3329/dmcj.v6i2.38221","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47457871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Sultana, Mohammad Ahsan, A. Miti, Umme Shahera, Ridwana Asma, Tahmina Akther, R. Raihan, M. Mahtab, S. M. Akbar
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) exists as a cloud of closely related sequence variants called a quasispecies, rather than as a population of identical clones. To date there is no preventive vaccine and though antiviral therapy has been improved in the past few years the HCV cannot be eradicated in all patients as a result of its quasispecies nature due to lack of proof reading activities and high error rate of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the pressure exerted by host immune system. This review focuses on the genetic diversity and quasispecies nature of HCV viral genomes, and briefly reviews the principles of quasispecies dynamics and the differences with classical population genetics and discusses the biological implications of this phenomenon, focusing on the hepatitis C virus. Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(1): 45-52
{"title":"Hepatitis C Virus Genetic Variability and Quasispecies","authors":"N. Sultana, Mohammad Ahsan, A. Miti, Umme Shahera, Ridwana Asma, Tahmina Akther, R. Raihan, M. Mahtab, S. M. Akbar","doi":"10.3329/DMCJ.V6I1.35969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/DMCJ.V6I1.35969","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis C virus (HCV) exists as a cloud of closely related sequence variants called a quasispecies, rather than as a population of identical clones. To date there is no preventive vaccine and though antiviral therapy has been improved in the past few years the HCV cannot be eradicated in all patients as a result of its quasispecies nature due to lack of proof reading activities and high error rate of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the pressure exerted by host immune system. This review focuses on the genetic diversity and quasispecies nature of HCV viral genomes, and briefly reviews the principles of quasispecies dynamics and the differences with classical population genetics and discusses the biological implications of this phenomenon, focusing on the hepatitis C virus. Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(1): 45-52","PeriodicalId":53280,"journal":{"name":"Delta Medical College Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"45-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3329/DMCJ.V6I1.35969","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43179401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Hoque, Akhand Tanzih Sultana, Mamun Mia, M. Chowdhury, M. Hossein
Background: The radical change in techniques in paediatric cardiac surgery has dramatically reduced the morbidity and mortality. The different varieties of arrhythmia that are frequently observed in postoperative period in our country are still not well documented.Objectives: To determine the incidence and risk factors of arrhythmia immediately after cardiac surgery in paediatric age group.Materials and method: It was a prospective study. A total of 100 paediatric patients (age <18 years) who underwent cardiac surgery at Dhaka Shishu Hospital between 2013 and 2016 were selected purposivelyResults: Out of 100 patients maximum 41% were from 13-72 months age group. The mean age was 49.73±37.17 months with range of 0.5-231 months, 58% patients were male and rest were female. Postoperatively 31% subjects were arrhythmic and of these the highest number of patients suffered from junctional ectopic tachycardia. Out of these 100 patients, 39% were diagnosed as VSD followed by TOF (35%). Among 31 arrhythmic patients 59.83%, 41.93% and 3.22% manifested onset of arrhythmia at 1st, 1st to 2nd and 2nd to 7th postoperative period respectively. In this study age, body weight, cyanosis, CPB time, postoperative acidosis, ventilation support days, hypertension on arrival in ICU as well as ICU stay days were recognized as significant risk factors (p <0.05).Conclusion: Proper and careful monitoring of younger patient with lower body weight undergoing corrective cardiac surgery with long cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time may reduce the episodes of post operative arrhythmia. These patients may require high inotropic support post operatively. So, medical prevention and early diagnosis as well as proper management may improve the operative outcome.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(1): 22-28
{"title":"Early Postoperative Arrhythmias after Paediatric Cardiac Surgery","authors":"K. Hoque, Akhand Tanzih Sultana, Mamun Mia, M. Chowdhury, M. Hossein","doi":"10.3329/dmcj.v6i1.35964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v6i1.35964","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The radical change in techniques in paediatric cardiac surgery has dramatically reduced the morbidity and mortality. The different varieties of arrhythmia that are frequently observed in postoperative period in our country are still not well documented.Objectives: To determine the incidence and risk factors of arrhythmia immediately after cardiac surgery in paediatric age group.Materials and method: It was a prospective study. A total of 100 paediatric patients (age <18 years) who underwent cardiac surgery at Dhaka Shishu Hospital between 2013 and 2016 were selected purposivelyResults: Out of 100 patients maximum 41% were from 13-72 months age group. The mean age was 49.73±37.17 months with range of 0.5-231 months, 58% patients were male and rest were female. Postoperatively 31% subjects were arrhythmic and of these the highest number of patients suffered from junctional ectopic tachycardia. Out of these 100 patients, 39% were diagnosed as VSD followed by TOF (35%). Among 31 arrhythmic patients 59.83%, 41.93% and 3.22% manifested onset of arrhythmia at 1st, 1st to 2nd and 2nd to 7th postoperative period respectively. In this study age, body weight, cyanosis, CPB time, postoperative acidosis, ventilation support days, hypertension on arrival in ICU as well as ICU stay days were recognized as significant risk factors (p <0.05).Conclusion: Proper and careful monitoring of younger patient with lower body weight undergoing corrective cardiac surgery with long cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time may reduce the episodes of post operative arrhythmia. These patients may require high inotropic support post operatively. So, medical prevention and early diagnosis as well as proper management may improve the operative outcome.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(1): 22-28","PeriodicalId":53280,"journal":{"name":"Delta Medical College Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"22-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3329/dmcj.v6i1.35964","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46601002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intrauterine demise of one of the twin fetuses during second or third trimester of pregnancy is an uncommon complication. Fetal death of a twin during the first trimester is not an uncommon event and does not appear to impair the development of the second twin. However, fetal death during second or third trimester may increase the risk of IUGR, microcephaly, cerebral encephalomalacia, pre eclampsia, preterm labour, perinatal mortality. We present two cases with single fetal demise. Death of one of the two fetuses occurred at 23 weeks of gestation in the first case and at 33 weeks in the second case. Both patients were managed conservatively with close fetal monitoring and serial assessment of mother’s clotting profile. Cesarean section was done especially due to patients’ interest at 34 weeks and 35 weeks respectively. A fetus papyraceous was found in the first case. Both the cases were dichorionic diamniotic pregnancies with no maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy or the post partum period.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(1): 53-57
{"title":"Intrauterine Single Fetal Demise in Twin Pregnancy","authors":"R. Haque, Mizanur Rahman, K. Akhter","doi":"10.3329/dmcj.v6i1.35970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v6i1.35970","url":null,"abstract":"Intrauterine demise of one of the twin fetuses during second or third trimester of pregnancy is an uncommon complication. Fetal death of a twin during the first trimester is not an uncommon event and does not appear to impair the development of the second twin. However, fetal death during second or third trimester may increase the risk of IUGR, microcephaly, cerebral encephalomalacia, pre eclampsia, preterm labour, perinatal mortality. We present two cases with single fetal demise. Death of one of the two fetuses occurred at 23 weeks of gestation in the first case and at 33 weeks in the second case. Both patients were managed conservatively with close fetal monitoring and serial assessment of mother’s clotting profile. Cesarean section was done especially due to patients’ interest at 34 weeks and 35 weeks respectively. A fetus papyraceous was found in the first case. Both the cases were dichorionic diamniotic pregnancies with no maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy or the post partum period.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(1): 53-57","PeriodicalId":53280,"journal":{"name":"Delta Medical College Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"53-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3329/dmcj.v6i1.35970","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45480428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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