The paper presents the results of research composites produced on the basis of binder (building lime, cement and dolomite) with the participation of hemp shives. Their main of properties were determined, i.e.: bulk density, thermal conductivity and compressive strength. The results show that the lime-cement composites with participation of hemp shives produced are lightweight and have low thermal conductivity and apparent density. They are characterized by very low strength properties compared to traditional building materials.
{"title":"Thermal insulation properties of the lime-cement composite with hemp shives","authors":"E. Haustein","doi":"10.12912/23920629/93529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/23920629/93529","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of research composites produced on the basis of binder (building lime, cement and dolomite) with the participation of hemp shives. Their main of properties were determined, i.e.: bulk density, thermal conductivity and compressive strength. The results show that the lime-cement composites with participation of hemp shives produced are lightweight and have low thermal conductivity and apparent density. They are characterized by very low strength properties compared to traditional building materials.","PeriodicalId":53324,"journal":{"name":"Inzynieria Ekologiczna","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47335385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the results of compressive strength tests of briquettes made from coal sludge and flotation concentrate with the addition of 3% w/w mineral binder. The tests were carried out in the Compaction Laboratory located at the Institute of Chemical Processing of Coal. Raw materials for the tests were fine-grained coal fractions derived from coal enrichment process. The feedstocks were obtained from two different coal mines. The assessment was made on the basis of the analysis pertaining to the changes in the compressive strength of the briquettes. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of composition of briquetting mixture on compressive strength of obtained briquette made for energy purposes. As a result of study, it was found that the increase in the content of coal flotation concentrate in briquetting mixture has a positive effect on compressive strength of the obtained briquettes.
{"title":"Assessment of mechanical strength of briquettes based on fine coal fractions obtained from the coal enrichment process","authors":"Krzysztof Supernok, M. Kochel, M. Szul","doi":"10.12912/23920629/93541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/23920629/93541","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of compressive strength tests of briquettes made from coal sludge and flotation concentrate with the addition of 3% w/w mineral binder. The tests were carried out in the Compaction Laboratory located at the Institute of Chemical Processing of Coal. Raw materials for the tests were fine-grained coal fractions derived from coal enrichment process. The feedstocks were obtained from two different coal mines. The assessment was made on the basis of the analysis pertaining to the changes in the compressive strength of the briquettes. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of composition of briquetting mixture on compressive strength of obtained briquette made for energy purposes. As a result of study, it was found that the increase in the content of coal flotation concentrate in briquetting mixture has a positive effect on compressive strength of the obtained briquettes.","PeriodicalId":53324,"journal":{"name":"Inzynieria Ekologiczna","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66193317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Rosłon-Szeryńska, Beata Fortuna-Antosziewicz, Jan Łukaszkiewicz, J. Borowski
Although the research on the defense mechanisms of trees was carried out in the 1930s, it was not until the mid1980s that – under the influence of Alex Shigo – an arborist movement began, which was based on understanding defense mechanisms, growth physiology and development of trees. A balanced approach to shaping, planting, care and protection of trees at different ages is still evolving. The changes include particularly the venerable specimens, for until recently invasive methods of treatment and care were used. The aim of this paper is to present a model for dealing with veteran trees. The research included a representative sample of 400 older trees with outstanding natural, historical and landscape value, located in greenery areas (parks, squares, street greenery). These trees are exposed to strong anthropogenic pressure and accelerated degradation due to unfavorable habitat conditions and urbanization processes. The method of valorisation of these trees, assessment of their health status and vitality with regard to the aspect of human safety and their property is presented. The rules for dealing with the trees in question have been defined to improve their biological and mechanical functions as well as to minimize the risk of an accident.
{"title":"Strategy for preservation of veteran trees in the city - a model of conduct based on plant defense mechanisms and the idea of sustainable development","authors":"E. Rosłon-Szeryńska, Beata Fortuna-Antosziewicz, Jan Łukaszkiewicz, J. Borowski","doi":"10.12912/23920629/92934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/23920629/92934","url":null,"abstract":"Although the research on the defense mechanisms of trees was carried out in the 1930s, it was not until the mid1980s that – under the influence of Alex Shigo – an arborist movement began, which was based on understanding defense mechanisms, growth physiology and development of trees. A balanced approach to shaping, planting, care and protection of trees at different ages is still evolving. The changes include particularly the venerable specimens, for until recently invasive methods of treatment and care were used. The aim of this paper is to present a model for dealing with veteran trees. The research included a representative sample of 400 older trees with outstanding natural, historical and landscape value, located in greenery areas (parks, squares, street greenery). These trees are exposed to strong anthropogenic pressure and accelerated degradation due to unfavorable habitat conditions and urbanization processes. The method of valorisation of these trees, assessment of their health status and vitality with regard to the aspect of human safety and their property is presented. The rules for dealing with the trees in question have been defined to improve their biological and mechanical functions as well as to minimize the risk of an accident.","PeriodicalId":53324,"journal":{"name":"Inzynieria Ekologiczna","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66192816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents the results of forty-years long of research on agricultural reclamation of post-mining areas of the Konin-Turkish coal basin. Reclamation was carried out in accordance with the concept of Bender’s target species. Physical and chemical properties of soils developing from post-mining soils, chemical content of water-soluble substances, forms of phosphorus and potassium, the amount of heavy metals and crop yielding were presented. The productivity of the soil resulting from lignite exploitation depends on the geological structure and the anthropogenic factor that determines the selection and application of reclamation treatments. The most important reclamation treatment is the repair of chemism that takes into account the nutritional requirements of plants.
{"title":"The some aspects of agricultural reclamation the post-mining grounds of the Konin and Adamów Brown Coal Mines","authors":"M. Gilewska, K. Otremba","doi":"10.12912/23920629/93486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/23920629/93486","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of forty-years long of research on agricultural reclamation of post-mining areas of the Konin-Turkish coal basin. Reclamation was carried out in accordance with the concept of Bender’s target species. Physical and chemical properties of soils developing from post-mining soils, chemical content of water-soluble substances, forms of phosphorus and potassium, the amount of heavy metals and crop yielding were presented. The productivity of the soil resulting from lignite exploitation depends on the geological structure and the anthropogenic factor that determines the selection and application of reclamation treatments. The most important reclamation treatment is the repair of chemism that takes into account the nutritional requirements of plants.","PeriodicalId":53324,"journal":{"name":"Inzynieria Ekologiczna","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66193249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the results of the research with the household sewage treated by constructed wetland system. For effectiveness evaluation of sewage treatment plant, the sampling events were performed in 2015-2018. The samples were taken from: septic tank, after treatment in vertical flow constructed wetland and from aerobic pond. The removal efficiency of organic matter as well as biogenic compounds was evaluated. The carried out investigation confirmed the high efficiency of organic compounds removal. The removal of BOD5 was up to 94,45% and COD up to 75,8%.
{"title":"Removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in constructed wetland for single household wastewater treatment","authors":"K. Ignatowicz, Joanna Oksiuta","doi":"10.12912/23920629/92933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/23920629/92933","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the research with the household sewage treated by constructed wetland system. For effectiveness evaluation of sewage treatment plant, the sampling events were performed in 2015-2018. The samples were taken from: septic tank, after treatment in vertical flow constructed wetland and from aerobic pond. The removal efficiency of organic matter as well as biogenic compounds was evaluated. The carried out investigation confirmed the high efficiency of organic compounds removal. The removal of BOD5 was up to 94,45% and COD up to 75,8%.","PeriodicalId":53324,"journal":{"name":"Inzynieria Ekologiczna","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66192805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The structure of the agro-forest space in Poland is defective, especially in the central and eastern part of the country. This is visible, in particular, in the case of soil cover structure. Even the weakest quality sandy soils provide conditions to create quite good forest habitats, whereas under farm use they are easily transformed into moving sands. The very low level of biological effectiveness of the weakest sandy soils means that plant production is already below the limit of economic efficiency. As technology has been modernized and plant production costs reduced, cultivation of the poorest sand soils will become completely unprofitable. The criteria for assessing the need to increase forest cover can be built upon soil, economical and recreational reasons. On the basis of the indicators for valorizing the agricultural production space and forest cover in 1980, the percentage deficit of forest cover by municipality was calculated and presented in the map of Poland, in the scale of 1: 1,000,000. The comparison of forest cover and its deficit in 1980 with forest cover in 2016 clearly proves that the forest cover has increased more in the areas with high and very high forest cover, and to a lesser extent in the regions having high and very high forest deficit, especially in Łódzkie, Lubelskie, Mazowieckie and KujawskoPomorskie provinces.
{"title":"Polskie dylematy scalania gruntów i urządzania terenów wiejskich Część 2. Zalesianie nieużytków i nieefektywnych gruntów rolnych jest niezbędne w ochronie i odnowie biologicznie czynnej powierzchni ziemi w Polsce","authors":"J. Siuta, B. Żukowski","doi":"10.12912/23920629/90247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/23920629/90247","url":null,"abstract":"The structure of the agro-forest space in Poland is defective, especially in the central and eastern part of the country. This is visible, in particular, in the case of soil cover structure. Even the weakest quality sandy soils provide conditions to create quite good forest habitats, whereas under farm use they are easily transformed into moving sands. The very low level of biological effectiveness of the weakest sandy soils means that plant production is already below the limit of economic efficiency. As technology has been modernized and plant production costs reduced, cultivation of the poorest sand soils will become completely unprofitable. The criteria for assessing the need to increase forest cover can be built upon soil, economical and recreational reasons. On the basis of the indicators for valorizing the agricultural production space and forest cover in 1980, the percentage deficit of forest cover by municipality was calculated and presented in the map of Poland, in the scale of 1: 1,000,000. The comparison of forest cover and its deficit in 1980 with forest cover in 2016 clearly proves that the forest cover has increased more in the areas with high and very high forest cover, and to a lesser extent in the regions having high and very high forest deficit, especially in Łódzkie, Lubelskie, Mazowieckie and KujawskoPomorskie provinces.","PeriodicalId":53324,"journal":{"name":"Inzynieria Ekologiczna","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66192282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dariusz Dojss, S. Pużyński, S. Stankowski, M. Gibczyńska
The aim of the research was to analyze the impact on changes in the content of macronutrients in the soil after the cultivation of sugar beet, resulting from the application of mineral multicomponent fertilizers manufactured by Polish and foreign producers. The effect related to fertilizers of Belarusian, Russian and Polish production applied in different doses was also analyzed. The experiment was carried out in 2014–2017 in Lipnik. The experimental plant was sugar beet of NATURA KWS cv. Thestudies compared two factors: 1st factor – 3 multicomponent mineral fertilizers: Belarusian (A), Russian (B) and Polish, i.e. Polifoska (C); 2nd factor – 3 doses of fertilization (minimum, optimum, maximum, amounting to 2.0 4.0 and 6.0 dt per hectare, respectively). Fertilization with multicomponent fertilizers produced by Belarusian, Russian and Polish manufacturers did not change the pH of soil from experiment. In the experiment carried out, there was no diversified effect of multicomponent fertilizers of Belarusian, Russian and Polish origin regarding changes in the content of available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil, as well as exchangeable magnesium. The use of different doses of multicomponent fertilizers resulted in a significant increase in the content of available phosphorus and potassium in the soil.
{"title":"Multicomponent mineral fertilizers vs. soil abundance after sugar beet cultivation","authors":"Dariusz Dojss, S. Pużyński, S. Stankowski, M. Gibczyńska","doi":"10.12912/23920629/91031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/23920629/91031","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research was to analyze the impact on changes in the content of macronutrients in the soil after the cultivation of sugar beet, resulting from the application of mineral multicomponent fertilizers manufactured by Polish and foreign producers. The effect related to fertilizers of Belarusian, Russian and Polish production applied in different doses was also analyzed. The experiment was carried out in 2014–2017 in Lipnik. The experimental plant was sugar beet of NATURA KWS cv. Thestudies compared two factors: 1st factor – 3 multicomponent mineral fertilizers: Belarusian (A), Russian (B) and Polish, i.e. Polifoska (C); 2nd factor – 3 doses of fertilization (minimum, optimum, maximum, amounting to 2.0 4.0 and 6.0 dt per hectare, respectively). Fertilization with multicomponent fertilizers produced by Belarusian, Russian and Polish manufacturers did not change the pH of soil from experiment. In the experiment carried out, there was no diversified effect of multicomponent fertilizers of Belarusian, Russian and Polish origin regarding changes in the content of available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil, as well as exchangeable magnesium. The use of different doses of multicomponent fertilizers resulted in a significant increase in the content of available phosphorus and potassium in the soil.","PeriodicalId":53324,"journal":{"name":"Inzynieria Ekologiczna","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47788983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rural land consolidation and management – the Polish dilemmas. Part 1","authors":"J. Siuta, B. Żukowski","doi":"10.12912/23920629/91604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/23920629/91604","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53324,"journal":{"name":"Inzynieria Ekologiczna","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66192756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Adamski, Jakub Łozowicki, P. Kaczyński, H. Kalaji
The aim of this study was to pilot the determination of the contamination state with residues of plant protection products of freshwater ecosystems in the areas of Podlasie voivodship characterized by intensive agriculture. The analytical studies indicated residues of 431 active ingredients (a.i.) of pesticides. The qualitative and quantitative determination was performed using liquid chromatography technique coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The presence of residues was found in 85% of the samples tested . Out of the 431 substances tested, only 23 active substances were detected, with herbicides as the most numerous group (11 (a.i.). The results show that there are significant concentrations of pesticides in the water lance (Lemna L.), which confirms that this plant is an excellent bioindicator of freshwater ecosystems contamination.
{"title":"Assessment of pollution of aquatic flora residues of pesticide in areas intensively used for agricultural purposes","authors":"A. Adamski, Jakub Łozowicki, P. Kaczyński, H. Kalaji","doi":"10.12912/23920629/91030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/23920629/91030","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to pilot the determination of the contamination state with residues of plant protection products of freshwater ecosystems in the areas of Podlasie voivodship characterized by intensive agriculture. The analytical studies indicated residues of 431 active ingredients (a.i.) of pesticides. The qualitative and quantitative determination was performed using liquid chromatography technique coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The presence of residues was found in 85% of the samples tested . Out of the 431 substances tested, only 23 active substances were detected, with herbicides as the most numerous group (11 (a.i.). The results show that there are significant concentrations of pesticides in the water lance (Lemna L.), which confirms that this plant is an excellent bioindicator of freshwater ecosystems contamination.","PeriodicalId":53324,"journal":{"name":"Inzynieria Ekologiczna","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66193107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bonisławska, A. Rybczyk, A. Nędzarek, P. Czerniejewski, A. Tórz, Michał Łopata
{"title":"Investigation of the effectiveness of the cleaning flume system applied on the Młynówka River (Lubusz voivodeship)","authors":"M. Bonisławska, A. Rybczyk, A. Nędzarek, P. Czerniejewski, A. Tórz, Michał Łopata","doi":"10.12912/23920629/91032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/23920629/91032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53324,"journal":{"name":"Inzynieria Ekologiczna","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66192732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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