Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.15408/AIQ.V12I2.15828
Sandra Monica, M. Mukhlisin, Dede Abdul Fatah
Abstract. This study explores the best reporting form as a representation of waqf accountability through nazhir’s perspectives, i.e. waqf institutions in Indonesia. The method used in this study is the Analytic Network Process combined with Delphi. The results show that financial statements obtained from the first rank as the best reporting form. However, the waqf institutions could have difficulties in delivering a high-quality financial statement since there is a lack of understanding about the new waqf accounting standard that will be applied in 2021. The development of a comprehensive and down to earth guidance is crucial in helping the institutions apply the standard, with a help line as a backup. Continuous education and certification are also useful to enhance the skills of human resources in the waqf institutions concerning waqf management and accountability reporting. Keywords: Waqf Accountability; Waqf Reporting; Nazhir; ANP; Delphi method Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengksplorasi bentuk pelaporan terbaik sebagai representasi akuntabilitas wakaf, dilihat dari perspektif nazhir, yang dalam hal ini adalah institusi wakaf di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah Analytic Network Process yang dikombinasikan dengan Delphi. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa laporan keuangan yang diperoleh dari tingkat pertama adalah bentuk pelaporan terbaik. Akan tetapi, pemahaman institusi wakaf terhadap standar akuntansi wakaf terbaru yang akan diberlakukan pada tahun 2021 masih sangat kurang. Ini menyebabkan institusi wakaf mengalami kesulitan dalam menyusun laporan keuangan yang berkualitas baik. Pengembangan pedoman pelaporan yang komprehensif dan mudah dipahami diperlukan untuk membantu institusi wakaf. Hal ini perlu disertai layanan bantuan yang dapat diakses setiap saat. Pendidikan berkelanjutan dan sertifikasi juga dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan keahlian sumber daya manusia di institusi wakaf terkait manajemen wakaf dan pelaporan akuntabilitas.Kata kunci: Akuntabilitas Wakaf; Pelaporan Wakaf; Nazhir; ANP; Metode Delphi
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This research aims at understanding the concept of Sharia compliance, according to Muslim business people and entrepreneurs. These people , over the years , believe that their business is in full conformity with Sharia. Using a qualitative approach coupled with an ethnographic analysis, this research finds that the ir business is in line with Sharia in terms of its meanings, forms, functions, benefits and values. This study also finds that there are similarities between one respondent to others with regard to the underlying meaning of Shariah compliance . However, they have different understanding concerning the meaning of usury and interest in conventional banking. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat pemaknaan kesesuaian dengan syariah (shariah compliance) menurut para pebisnis dan wirausahawan Muslim. Kelompok ini, selama bertahun-tahun, meyakini bahwa usaha yang mereka jalankan sudah sesuai dengan syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi etnografi. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa para bisnis yang dijalankan oleh responden berkesesuaian dengan syariah dalam hal makna, bentuk, fungsi, manfaat, dan nilai. Ditemukan juga bahwa ada kesamaan pemahaman antara satu responden dengan yang lain terkait dengan pemaknaan shariah compliance. Meskipun demikian, ada perbedaan dalam memahami hukum tentang riba dan bunga pada bank konvensional.
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Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.15408/AIQ.V12I1.15072
A. Aji, Harisah Harisah, Syarifah Gustiawati Mukri
In the current 4.0 era, the number of Islamic microfinance institutions (IMFs), especially sharia Cooperatives and Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT) has increased significantly , with a variety of product and service innovations. This development needs to be suppo r ted by a better system so that these financial institutions can provide satisfactory services to the users. One of the users' satisfaction is influenced by the adoption of financial technology (fintech) by the IMFs . Therefore, the re is a need to study fintech revitalization and its impleme n tation at IMF, such as Aulia Software Indonesia. This research finds that PT. Mitra Aulia Indonesia has developed Aulia Software to be used by Islamic cooperatives and BMTs. Among the innovations made are BMT software, cooperative savings and loan software, sharia cooperative software, savings and loan mobile applications, CoopLink Android application, mobile phone credit reload & PPOB CoopLink, CoopLink EDC machines, ATM cards, and ATMs. From 2003 to 2019 , Aulia Software Indonesia users reached 1,221 users. Pada era 4.0 saat ini, jumlah lembaga keuangan mikro syariah, khususnya Koperasi Syariah dan Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT) meningkat, dengan berbagai inovasi produk dan pelayanan. Perkembangan ini perlu didukung dengan sistem yang mewadahi, sehingga perkembangannya bisa memberikan kepuasan pada para pengguna. Kepuasan para pengguna salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh pemanfaatan teknologi finansial (fintech) oleh lembaga keuangan makro syariah tersebut. Dari itu, penelitian terhadap revitalisasi fintech dan pemanfaatannya oleh lembaga keuangan syariah mikro menjadi penting. Salah satunya adalah Produk Aulia Software Indonesia yang dikembangkan oleh PT Mitra Aulia Indonesia. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa produk yang tersebut telah berkesuaian dengan syariah dan kebutuhan era 4.0. Beberapa produk yang dikembangkan yaitu perangkat lunak BMT, perangkat lunak koperasi syariah simpan pinjam, perangkat lunak koperasi syariah, aplikasi simpan pinjam ponsel, aplikasi Android CoopLink, Jual pulsa CoopLink dan PPOB, Mesin EDC CoopLink, kartu ATM, dan mesin ATM. Dari tahun 2003 hingga 2019, pengguna Aulia Sofware Indonesia sudah mencapai 1.221 pengguna.
在当前的4.0时代，伊斯兰小额信贷机构（IMF），特别是伊斯兰教法合作社和Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil（BMT）的数量大幅增加，并进行了各种产品和服务创新。这一发展需要一个更好的系统来支持，以便这些金融机构能够为用户提供满意的服务。用户的满意度之一受到IMF采用金融科技的影响。因此，有必要研究金融科技振兴及其在国际货币基金组织的实施，如Aulia Software Indonesia。这项研究发现，印尼Mitra Aulia公司开发了Aulia软件，供伊斯兰合作社和BMT使用。所做的创新包括BMT软件、合作储蓄和贷款软件、sharia合作软件、储蓄和贷款移动应用程序、CoopLink Android应用程序、手机信用重载和PPOB CoopLink、CoopLinkEDC机器、ATM卡和ATM。从2003年到2019年，Aulia Software Indonesia的用户达到1221人。在今天的4.0时代，微型企业金融机构的数量增加了，特别是企业合作和Maal Wat Tamwil House（BMT），并进行了各种产品和服务创新。这一发展需要一个负担得起的系统来支持，这样才能为用户提供满意的服务。用户的满意度受到宏观企业金融机构使用金融科技的影响。因此，研究微观企业融资对金融科技的振兴及其效益具有重要意义。一个是PT Mitra Aulia Indonesia开发的印度尼西亚Aulia软件产品。这项研究发现，该产品已经适应了4世纪的要求和要求。一些开发的产品是软BMT设备、软企业合作设备存储贷款、软企业协作设备、移动贷款应用程序、Android CoopLink应用程序、CoopLink脉冲销售和PPOB、EDC CoopLink机器、ATM卡和ATM机。从2003年到2019年，印尼Aulia沙发的用户已经达到1221人。
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Pub Date : 2019-12-30DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v11i2.10933
Ahmad Hudaifah, B. Tutuko, Sawarjuwono Tjiptohadi
This research is aimed at discovering a stable financial scheming formula or model that would be compatible with the natural characteristics of a paddy farming cycle in Tuban. The qualitative research employs the use of an active participatory community through the means of a focus group discussion, an in-depth interview and face to face interviews with respective stakeholders and key informants. The Salam contract, which is highly beneficial is a prospective financial scheme that terminates the long business chain found in most businesses in Indonesia. The Corporate Social Responsibility which is managed through the Syariah approach (I-CSR) from a company, can become the solution to bridge the gap found in the implementation of funds for a Salam contract. The Salam contract applicability is dependent on the Islamic farmer cooperatives (BMT), a unit of joint venture organization serving as the key players in the execution of the function of a paddy warehouse-trading agent and direct financing to farmers. Strong support also comes from the zakat, infāq, and shodaqoh institution (LAZ) whose role is educating and encouraging the paddy farmers’ skills and competency, especially to enable them access end-user markets using the aid of information technology. Penelitian ini betujuan untu menemukan formula skema pembiayaan pertanian yang stabil sesuai dengan karakteristik alamiah pertanian padi di Kabupaten Tuban. Metode penelitian kualitatif dipergunakan dalam menyelesaikan penelitian ini dengan partisipasi aktif komunitas melalui media diskusi kelompok, wawancara mendalam tatap muka dan observasi kepada informan kunci dan pihak yang terlibat secara langsung dalam tata- niaga pertanian padi di Kabupaten Tuban. Kontrak salam adalah skema pembiayaan yang sangat menguntungkan bagi petani dan pada aplikasinya mampu mengambil peran pembiayaan distributor dalam tata niaga pertanian padi. Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (I-CSR) yang dikelola berdasarkan prinsip ekonomi Syariah dari perusahan yang beroperasi di wilayah Tuban bisa menjadi solusi dana yang dikembangkan untuk pembiayaan pertanian yang dihindari oleh perbankan karena siklus bisnis yang berbeda. Keberlangsungan kontrak salam pertanian untuk komoditas padi akan bergantung pada koperasi petani yang terdiri dari koperasi simpan pinjam Syariah (BMT), gudang padi, penggilingan padi dan unit perdagangan yang kesemuanya disebut sebagai KUB (Kelompok Usaha Bersama). Dukungan yang kuat juga berasal dari Lembaga zakat, infāq dan shodaqoh, yang memiliki peran untuk melakukan pelatihan keahlian petani dan membantu memenuhi kebutuhan dasar petani yang menjadi anggota dalam KUB.
本研究旨在发现一个稳定的财务规划公式或模型，该公式或模型将与土班水田耕作周期的自然特征相兼容。定性研究通过焦点小组讨论、深度访谈和与各自利益相关者和关键线人面对面访谈的方式，采用积极参与社区的方式。Salam合同，这是非常有益的，是一个有前途的金融计划，终止了在印度尼西亚大多数企业中发现的长业务链。企业社会责任是一个公司通过伊斯兰教方法(I-CSR)来管理的，它可以成为弥补萨拉姆合同资金执行差距的解决方案。Salam合同的适用性取决于伊斯兰农民合作社(BMT)，这是一个合资组织单位，在履行稻仓贸易代理和直接向农民提供资金的职能方面发挥关键作用。zakat、infāq和shodaqoh机构(LAZ)也提供了强有力的支持，这些机构的作用是教育和鼓励稻田农民的技能和能力，特别是使他们能够利用信息技术的帮助进入最终用户市场。Penelitian ini between turjuan untu menemukan formula skema pembiayaan pertanian yang stabil sesuai dengan karakteristik alamiah pertanian padi di Kabupaten Tuban。在喀拉拉邦，在喀拉拉邦，在喀拉拉邦，在喀拉拉邦，在喀拉拉邦，在喀拉拉邦，在喀拉拉邦，在喀拉拉邦，在喀拉拉邦，在喀拉拉邦，在喀拉拉邦，在喀拉拉邦，在喀拉拉邦，在喀拉拉邦。Kontrak salam adalah skema pembiayaan yang sangat menguntunkan bagi petani dan padi应用kasinya mampu mengambil peran pembiayaan分销商dalam tata niaga pertanian padi。伊斯兰企业社会责任(I-CSR)是指伊斯兰教的企业社会责任(I-CSR)，是指伊斯兰教的企业社会责任(I-CSR)，是指伊斯兰教的企业社会责任(I-CSR)，是指伊斯兰教的企业社会责任。Keberlangsungan kontrak salam pertanian untuk komoditas padi akan bergantung padi koperasi petani yang terdiri dari koperasi simpanpinjam ysariah (BMT)， gudang padi, penggilingan padi danunit perdagangan yang kesemuanya disebut sebagai KUB (Kelompok Usaha Bersama)。Dukungan yang kuat juga berasal dari Lembaga zakat, infāq dan shodaqoh, yang memiliki peran untuk melakukan pelatihan keahlian petani dan membantu memenuhi kebutuhan dasar petani yang menjadi anggota dalam KUB。
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Pub Date : 2019-12-30DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v11i2.11588
M. N. Hosen, F. Jie, S. Muhari, Muhammad Khairman
This study aims to analyze the performance of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Net Income Margin (NIM), Operating Expenses Ratio (OER), Maqasid Sharia Index (MSI), and Index of Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) to influence the level of profitability. The main purpose of this study is to complete the previous research with try to add the variables MSI and Index of ISR to estimating the change of profitability of Islamic banks in Indonesia. The study conducted eight Islamic Banks to be analyzed in the period from 2010 to 2012. The tool of analysis is used multiple linear regression for predicting the level of profitability. The results of the study show that all of the independent variables are significantly affected simultaneously to the level of profitability. Partially, NIM and OER are significantly affected by the level of profitability. The low level of Maqasid Sharia Index and Islamic Social Reporting implementation of the Islamic banks in Indonesia in the period of the study proves that these two variables are not the main indicator or a major achievement of most Islamic banks, even though Islamic banks should refer to attain mashlalah (public interest). Keywords: CAR, FDR, NIM, OER, MSI, and Index of ISR. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja yang ditunjukkan oleh rasio Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Net Income Marging (NIM), Biaya Operasional terhadap Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO), Indeks Maqashid Syariah (MSI), dan Indeks Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) terhadap profitabilitas bank syariah di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melengkapi penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya dengan menambahkan variabel MSI dan ISR untuk mengestimasi profitabilitas bank syariah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data tahunan pada delapan bank syariah diperiode antara 2010 hingga 2012 dimana penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan seluruh variabel independen mempengaruhi profitabilitas bank syariah secara signifikan. Secara parsial, hanya NIM dan BOPO yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Lemahnya pengaruh Indeks Maqashid Syariah dan Indeks Islamic Social Reporting mengindikasikan bahwa kedua variabel tersebut bukanlah faktor utama dalam pencapaian bank syariah, meskipun bank syariah juga harus memperhatikan faktor mashlahah. Kata kunci: CAR, FDR, NIM, OER, MSI, and Index of ISR.
{"title":"The Effect of Financial Ratios, Maqasid Sharia Index, and Index of Islamic Social Reporting to Profitability of Islamic Bank in Indonesia","authors":"M. N. Hosen, F. Jie, S. Muhari, Muhammad Khairman","doi":"10.15408/aiq.v11i2.11588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/aiq.v11i2.11588","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze the performance of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Net Income Margin (NIM), Operating Expenses Ratio (OER), Maqasid Sharia Index (MSI), and Index of Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) to influence the level of profitability. The main purpose of this study is to complete the previous research with try to add the variables MSI and Index of ISR to estimating the change of profitability of Islamic banks in Indonesia. The study conducted eight Islamic Banks to be analyzed in the period from 2010 to 2012. The tool of analysis is used multiple linear regression for predicting the level of profitability. The results of the study show that all of the independent variables are significantly affected simultaneously to the level of profitability. Partially, NIM and OER are significantly affected by the level of profitability. The low level of Maqasid Sharia Index and Islamic Social Reporting implementation of the Islamic banks in Indonesia in the period of the study proves that these two variables are not the main indicator or a major achievement of most Islamic banks, even though Islamic banks should refer to attain mashlalah (public interest). Keywords: CAR, FDR, NIM, OER, MSI, and Index of ISR. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja yang ditunjukkan oleh rasio Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Net Income Marging (NIM), Biaya Operasional terhadap Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO), Indeks Maqashid Syariah (MSI), dan Indeks Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) terhadap profitabilitas bank syariah di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melengkapi penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya dengan menambahkan variabel MSI dan ISR untuk mengestimasi profitabilitas bank syariah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data tahunan pada delapan bank syariah diperiode antara 2010 hingga 2012 dimana penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan seluruh variabel independen mempengaruhi profitabilitas bank syariah secara signifikan. Secara parsial, hanya NIM dan BOPO yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Lemahnya pengaruh Indeks Maqashid Syariah dan Indeks Islamic Social Reporting mengindikasikan bahwa kedua variabel tersebut bukanlah faktor utama dalam pencapaian bank syariah, meskipun bank syariah juga harus memperhatikan faktor mashlahah. Kata kunci: CAR, FDR, NIM, OER, MSI, and Index of ISR.","PeriodicalId":53340,"journal":{"name":"AlIqtishad Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41396497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
According to Law no. 21 Year 2008, the Sharia Business Unit (SBU) owned by a Conventional Commercial Bank (CCB) is required to separate from its Parent Bank before year 2023. Some Sharia Business Units have initiated a separation step from Conventional Commercial Bank. On the other hand, they are required to keep the level of efficiency in running its business operations. This paper is intended to analyze the efficiency level of Sharia Business Units that have separated from its parent and then compare whether there is difference of efficiency level between before and after separation. The method used is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Paired Sample t-Test. The results show that based on the total average efficiency of all sharia banks spin off (in this case four sharia banks namely BNI Sharia, BRI Sharia, BJB Sharia and Bukopin Sharia Bank), there occur a decrease in efficiency technically and also pure the technical itself in sharia banks starting from before and after the spin off. This can be read because in the early periods of spin off there was a cost adjustment on the shariah bank spin off. Sharia banks require a 'weaning' from their parents. Nevertheless, there is no statistically significant difference in efficiency levels between before and after the spin off. This should be a booster for other Sharia Business Units to take the decision to spin off immediately, of course, accompanied by careful and prudent planning and implementation.
{"title":"SPIN OFF POLICY OF SHARIA BANK: IS IT PROFITABLE?","authors":"A. Rusydiana, Abrista Devi, F. Hasib, L. Rani","doi":"10.15408/aiq.v11i2.9157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/aiq.v11i2.9157","url":null,"abstract":"According to Law no. 21 Year 2008, the Sharia Business Unit (SBU) owned by a Conventional Commercial Bank (CCB) is required to separate from its Parent Bank before year 2023. Some Sharia Business Units have initiated a separation step from Conventional Commercial Bank. On the other hand, they are required to keep the level of efficiency in running its business operations. This paper is intended to analyze the efficiency level of Sharia Business Units that have separated from its parent and then compare whether there is difference of efficiency level between before and after separation. The method used is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Paired Sample t-Test. The results show that based on the total average efficiency of all sharia banks spin off (in this case four sharia banks namely BNI Sharia, BRI Sharia, BJB Sharia and Bukopin Sharia Bank), there occur a decrease in efficiency technically and also pure the technical itself in sharia banks starting from before and after the spin off. This can be read because in the early periods of spin off there was a cost adjustment on the shariah bank spin off. Sharia banks require a 'weaning' from their parents. Nevertheless, there is no statistically significant difference in efficiency levels between before and after the spin off. This should be a booster for other Sharia Business Units to take the decision to spin off immediately, of course, accompanied by careful and prudent planning and implementation.","PeriodicalId":53340,"journal":{"name":"AlIqtishad Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45994613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-30DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v11i2.10630
Wiwit Ayu Nofitasari, Hikmah Endraswati
The purposes of this study are to examine the effect of company size, profitability, board of commissioners, proportion of independent commissioners, and frequency of meetings on the level of Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) in Indonesia and Malaysia and to test whether there is difference ISR in Indonesia and Malaysia. The sample of this study are 10 companies that issued sukuk at Indonesia Shariah Stocks Index and 8 companies on Malaysia Stock Exchange in 2013-2017. Multiple regression and different tests are used in this research as analysis techniques. The results show that the size of the company effects on the level of ISR in Indonesia positively but not in Malaysia. Profitability, board size, and the proportion of independent commissioners does not effect on ISR levels in Indonesia and Malaysia. The frequency of board of commissioners meetings effect on ISR levels in Indonesia and Malaysia positively and there is difference ISR in Indonesia and Malaysia. The implication of this research is that there is a need for regulations that regulate ISR disclosure in Indonesia to improve the quality of ISR disclosure to the stakeholders
{"title":"ISLAMIC SOCIAL REPORTING (ISR) ANALYSIS IN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA","authors":"Wiwit Ayu Nofitasari, Hikmah Endraswati","doi":"10.15408/aiq.v11i2.10630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/aiq.v11i2.10630","url":null,"abstract":"The purposes of this study are to examine the effect of company size, profitability, board of commissioners, proportion of independent commissioners, and frequency of meetings on the level of Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) in Indonesia and Malaysia and to test whether there is difference ISR in Indonesia and Malaysia. The sample of this study are 10 companies that issued sukuk at Indonesia Shariah Stocks Index and 8 companies on Malaysia Stock Exchange in 2013-2017. Multiple regression and different tests are used in this research as analysis techniques. The results show that the size of the company effects on the level of ISR in Indonesia positively but not in Malaysia. Profitability, board size, and the proportion of independent commissioners does not effect on ISR levels in Indonesia and Malaysia. The frequency of board of commissioners meetings effect on ISR levels in Indonesia and Malaysia positively and there is difference ISR in Indonesia and Malaysia. The implication of this research is that there is a need for regulations that regulate ISR disclosure in Indonesia to improve the quality of ISR disclosure to the stakeholders","PeriodicalId":53340,"journal":{"name":"AlIqtishad Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48847555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-30DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v11i2.11240
H. Rosdiana, Murwendah Murwendah, I. Inayati
Philanthropy is not merely a fund-raising activity. It means an activity that has strong relation with social activity. Philanthropy is significant to consider in building public participation in governance or at least in helping the government’s role to implement the allocation function related to social welfare. In Indonesia, tax incentives for philanthropy are categorized into two, namely tax exemption and tax deduction. Tax exemption applies to donations or income derived from non-profit organizations, while tax deduction applies to the donor or philanthropists, both individuals and companies. In addition, there are incentives for property taxes and tax on motor vehicles provided by the provincial/ local government. In practice, philanthropy still leaves tax-related issues that must be shouldered by donors, recipients, and donation collectors. This issue is crucial because it has the potential to reduce the attractiveness of tax incentives to encourage people to engage in philanthropy activities in Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the tax policy on philanthropy in Indonesia. This study applied constructivism paradigm. The data are collected through documentation, literature review, and field studies through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD). The data are analyzed using mixed approach. The findings of this study indicate that the lack of dynamics in current tax policy is not in harmony with the rapid development of increasingly varied philanthropic activities. Therefore, the donors and recipients face uncertainty related to taxation on philanthropy including tax treatment and tax incentives that can be obtained from the government. Applicable tax policies have not been able to provide incentives for various types of taxes but Income Tax in the form of tax deduction and tax exemption. Unfortunately, this type of incentive is relatively unappealing to philanthropic activists. In other words, the policy of tax incentives on philanthropy activities has not been a pull factor for the community to be more actively involved in philanthropy activities. Furthermore, the issues associated with tax administration are still found in its implementation. Regulatory improvement is necessary, including accommodation of incentives for all types of taxes on philanthropy in Indonesia, as an appreciation for citizens who have strengthened the government's role in the prosperity of society.
{"title":"TAX INCENTIVES FOR INDONESIAN PHILANTHROPY: THE BALANCE OF EFFECTIVENESS OF PULL FACTOR AND THE ROLE OF THE STATE","authors":"H. Rosdiana, Murwendah Murwendah, I. Inayati","doi":"10.15408/aiq.v11i2.11240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/aiq.v11i2.11240","url":null,"abstract":"Philanthropy is not merely a fund-raising activity. It means an activity that has strong relation with social activity. Philanthropy is significant to consider in building public participation in governance or at least in helping the government’s role to implement the allocation function related to social welfare. In Indonesia, tax incentives for philanthropy are categorized into two, namely tax exemption and tax deduction. Tax exemption applies to donations or income derived from non-profit organizations, while tax deduction applies to the donor or philanthropists, both individuals and companies. In addition, there are incentives for property taxes and tax on motor vehicles provided by the provincial/ local government. In practice, philanthropy still leaves tax-related issues that must be shouldered by donors, recipients, and donation collectors. This issue is crucial because it has the potential to reduce the attractiveness of tax incentives to encourage people to engage in philanthropy activities in Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the tax policy on philanthropy in Indonesia. This study applied constructivism paradigm. The data are collected through documentation, literature review, and field studies through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD). The data are analyzed using mixed approach. The findings of this study indicate that the lack of dynamics in current tax policy is not in harmony with the rapid development of increasingly varied philanthropic activities. Therefore, the donors and recipients face uncertainty related to taxation on philanthropy including tax treatment and tax incentives that can be obtained from the government. Applicable tax policies have not been able to provide incentives for various types of taxes but Income Tax in the form of tax deduction and tax exemption. Unfortunately, this type of incentive is relatively unappealing to philanthropic activists. In other words, the policy of tax incentives on philanthropy activities has not been a pull factor for the community to be more actively involved in philanthropy activities. Furthermore, the issues associated with tax administration are still found in its implementation. Regulatory improvement is necessary, including accommodation of incentives for all types of taxes on philanthropy in Indonesia, as an appreciation for citizens who have strengthened the government's role in the prosperity of society.","PeriodicalId":53340,"journal":{"name":"AlIqtishad Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49619670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hassanudin Mohd Thas Thaker, Chandra Sakaran Kanan
This study attempts to provide insights on SMEs’ financial accesibility through Islamic finance and its successfulness in Malaysia. The innovation in the Malaysia financial landscape especially Islamic finance has benefits the SMEs in accessing financial assistance without rely on traditional mode of financing. SMEs in Indonesia represent about 99 percent in all economic sector and involved labor participation of almost 95 percent but the issue of financial accessibility remain perpetual problem and block the development of SMEs in Indonesia. Therefore, the present study utilizes content analysis to critically look at the successful of SMEs Islamic financing in Malaysia and various published report and literature in generate better overview on the progression of SMEs. At the end of the study, this study provides some recommendations based on Malaysian SMEs financing successfulness for Indonesian authority to further restructure and enhance their existing financial assistance to the SMEs based on Islamic financing.
{"title":"Discussion on Islamic Finance and Small Medium Enterprises’ Financial Accessibility","authors":"Hassanudin Mohd Thas Thaker, Chandra Sakaran Kanan","doi":"10.15408/AIQ.V11I1.7343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/AIQ.V11I1.7343","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to provide insights on SMEs’ financial accesibility through Islamic finance and its successfulness in Malaysia. The innovation in the Malaysia financial landscape especially Islamic finance has benefits the SMEs in accessing financial assistance without rely on traditional mode of financing. SMEs in Indonesia represent about 99 percent in all economic sector and involved labor participation of almost 95 percent but the issue of financial accessibility remain perpetual problem and block the development of SMEs in Indonesia. Therefore, the present study utilizes content analysis to critically look at the successful of SMEs Islamic financing in Malaysia and various published report and literature in generate better overview on the progression of SMEs. At the end of the study, this study provides some recommendations based on Malaysian SMEs financing successfulness for Indonesian authority to further restructure and enhance their existing financial assistance to the SMEs based on Islamic financing.","PeriodicalId":53340,"journal":{"name":"AlIqtishad Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47594017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-30DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v11i2.13778
J. Muslimin
Economics and the law are the two inseparable things. There is always a relationship between the two. These two things can influence the development of people's welfare. This writing explores that during his life (1332-1406 AD), Ibnu Khaldun spent almost his whole time to read, learn and produce a distinctive work regarding socio-historical development of the existing government and community, as well as the type of local entity. Moreover, for some researchers, the role of Ibnu Khaldun in paving the way for creating foundations of sociological study can’t be neglected. According to him, the role of law in economic activity in general can be seen from two sides, in two equal interests, namely: a. Law is seen from the dimensions of economic activity; and b. Law is seen from the dimension of the state over its authority. Departing from the economic goals, in fact to obtain the maximum profit, the law is merely seen as a useful external factor and can be utilized to secure the economic activities and objectives to be achieved. The research proves that the essence of Ibnu Khaldun’s thought is still relevant to the modern time. Departing from his ideas and comparing them to the western and modern ones, one may conclude that Ibnu Khaldun’s philosophical analyses could be reinterpreted and contextualized. If it is so, then his theories are more identical to Stiglitz than to Smith and Marx.
{"title":"SOCIETY, LAW AND ECONOMY; REINTERPRETING AND CONTEXTUALIZING PHILOSOPHICAL THEORIES OF IBNU KHALDUN","authors":"J. Muslimin","doi":"10.15408/aiq.v11i2.13778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/aiq.v11i2.13778","url":null,"abstract":"Economics and the law are the two inseparable things. There is always a relationship between the two. These two things can influence the development of people's welfare. This writing explores that during his life (1332-1406 AD), Ibnu Khaldun spent almost his whole time to read, learn and produce a distinctive work regarding socio-historical development of the existing government and community, as well as the type of local entity. Moreover, for some researchers, the role of Ibnu Khaldun in paving the way for creating foundations of sociological study can’t be neglected. According to him, the role of law in economic activity in general can be seen from two sides, in two equal interests, namely: a. Law is seen from the dimensions of economic activity; and b. Law is seen from the dimension of the state over its authority. Departing from the economic goals, in fact to obtain the maximum profit, the law is merely seen as a useful external factor and can be utilized to secure the economic activities and objectives to be achieved. The research proves that the essence of Ibnu Khaldun’s thought is still relevant to the modern time. Departing from his ideas and comparing them to the western and modern ones, one may conclude that Ibnu Khaldun’s philosophical analyses could be reinterpreted and contextualized. If it is so, then his theories are more identical to Stiglitz than to Smith and Marx.","PeriodicalId":53340,"journal":{"name":"AlIqtishad Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44794790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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