Marisa Rizqiana Dewi, Dewi Pratiwi, Putu Wijaya Kandhi
Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a persistent inflammatory disease of the middle ear and mastoid cavity caused by pathogenic infection. CSOM has a fairly high incidence in developing countries and is the main cause of acquired hearing loss in children. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a significant inflammatory mediator in CSOM. This study aimed to analyze TNF-α levels in ear discharge and blood serum in active phase CSOM caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.Materials and Methods: This research was an analytical observational study with a cross sectional design. Blood serum and ear discharge from CSOM patients were used in this study. Blood serum and ear discharge TNF-α levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: From 26 CSOM subjects, 13 subjects were infected with Gram-positive bacteria and the 13 others were infected with Gram-negative bacteria. The majority of the subjects were male (53.8%) with an age range from 36-45 years (42.3%). The most common species of bacteria was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Blood serum and ear discharge TNF-α levels were higher in samples that contained Gram-positive bacteria.Conclusion: TNF-α levels in active phase CSOM caused by Gram-positive bacteria are higher than those which are caused by Gram-negative bacteria.Keywords: chronic suppurative otitis media, TNF-α, gram-positive, gram-negative
{"title":"High TNF-α Levels in Active Phase Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media Caused by Gram-positive Bacteria","authors":"Marisa Rizqiana Dewi, Dewi Pratiwi, Putu Wijaya Kandhi","doi":"10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.321","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a persistent inflammatory disease of the middle ear and mastoid cavity caused by pathogenic infection. CSOM has a fairly high incidence in developing countries and is the main cause of acquired hearing loss in children. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a significant inflammatory mediator in CSOM. This study aimed to analyze TNF-α levels in ear discharge and blood serum in active phase CSOM caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.Materials and Methods: This research was an analytical observational study with a cross sectional design. Blood serum and ear discharge from CSOM patients were used in this study. Blood serum and ear discharge TNF-α levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: From 26 CSOM subjects, 13 subjects were infected with Gram-positive bacteria and the 13 others were infected with Gram-negative bacteria. The majority of the subjects were male (53.8%) with an age range from 36-45 years (42.3%). The most common species of bacteria was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Blood serum and ear discharge TNF-α levels were higher in samples that contained Gram-positive bacteria.Conclusion: TNF-α levels in active phase CSOM caused by Gram-positive bacteria are higher than those which are caused by Gram-negative bacteria.Keywords: chronic suppurative otitis media, TNF-α, gram-positive, gram-negative","PeriodicalId":53387,"journal":{"name":"MCBS Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86426853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: FUT2 secretor genetic variants are strongly associated with absorption and circulatory levels of vitamin B12, thereby affecting folate metabolism pathway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between maternal FUT2 204A>G (rs492602) genetic polymorphism and CHD in the Indian population.Materials and method: One hundred and ten pregnant women who were vitamin B12 deficient with fetuses diagnosed with CHD were included in the case group and an equal number of healthy pregnant women with normal fetuses were selected as the control group. DNA was extracted from blood and umbilical cord tissue samples, and genotyped for FUT2 rs492602 polymorphism using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium test was used to calculate allele and genotype frequencies.Results: Significant increase in the frequency of AG (odds ratio=2.25; 95% CI: 1.25–4.05; p=0.009) and GG (odds ratio=3.51; 95% CI: 1.47-8.43; p=0.006) genotypes as well as G allele of FUT2 rs492602 were observed in the maternal case group. Furthermore, in the fetus case group, there was a significantly higher incidence of GG genotype (odds ratio=2.87; 95% CI: 1.26–6.57; p=0.018) and G allele (odds ratio=1.70; 95% CI: 1.15–2.53; p=0.009).Conclusion: FUT2 rs492602 are associated with CHD in the Indian population. Maternal genetic polymorphism that regulates vitamin B12 metabolic pathway might influence fetal cardiac development, thus serving as a predictor for CHD.Keywords: congenital heart disease, FUT2, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), vitamin B12
{"title":"Association between Maternal FUT2 204A>G (rs492602) Genetic Polymorphism and Congenital Heart Disease in the Indian Population: A Study in Maternal-fetal Dyads","authors":"Sunitha Tella, Sowmya Gayatri Chukkayapalli, Jyothy Akka, Satyanarayana Uppala","doi":"10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.305","url":null,"abstract":"Background: FUT2 secretor genetic variants are strongly associated with absorption and circulatory levels of vitamin B12, thereby affecting folate metabolism pathway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between maternal FUT2 204A>G (rs492602) genetic polymorphism and CHD in the Indian population.Materials and method: One hundred and ten pregnant women who were vitamin B12 deficient with fetuses diagnosed with CHD were included in the case group and an equal number of healthy pregnant women with normal fetuses were selected as the control group. DNA was extracted from blood and umbilical cord tissue samples, and genotyped for FUT2 rs492602 polymorphism using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium test was used to calculate allele and genotype frequencies.Results: Significant increase in the frequency of AG (odds ratio=2.25; 95% CI: 1.25–4.05; p=0.009) and GG (odds ratio=3.51; 95% CI: 1.47-8.43; p=0.006) genotypes as well as G allele of FUT2 rs492602 were observed in the maternal case group. Furthermore, in the fetus case group, there was a significantly higher incidence of GG genotype (odds ratio=2.87; 95% CI: 1.26–6.57; p=0.018) and G allele (odds ratio=1.70; 95% CI: 1.15–2.53; p=0.009).Conclusion: FUT2 rs492602 are associated with CHD in the Indian population. Maternal genetic polymorphism that regulates vitamin B12 metabolic pathway might influence fetal cardiac development, thus serving as a predictor for CHD.Keywords: congenital heart disease, FUT2, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), vitamin B12","PeriodicalId":53387,"journal":{"name":"MCBS Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76037552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adhie Massardi, Sandy Samsul Bahry, Nur Anindya Rahmawati, Carissa Azmi Shabirah, A. Pangastuti
Background: Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins are overexpressed in cancer cells, leading to inhibition of apoptosis and the development of therapeutic resistance. Targeting only one type of antiapoptotic protein may have limited efficacy in cancer therapy. Anticancer drugs capable of inhibiting Bcl-2, Bcl-XL and Mcl-1 simultaneously are necessary to be explored. Penicillium sp. produces various bioactive compounds with anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. The aim of this research was to determine the best bioactive compound candidates for inhibiting Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1 proteins.Materials and methods: Molecular docking analysis was conducted to estimate the binding affinity of Penicillium sp. bioactive compounds with Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1 proteins. Compounds with the lowest binding energies were visualized using PyMol and Ligplot+ and further subjected to drug-likeness testing based on Lipinski's rule of five.Results: Bioactive compounds with the highest binding affinities were verruculogen and wortmannin. Wortmannin complied with Lipinski's rule of five. Meanwhile, verruculogen violated one out of the five rules by having a molecular weight >500 Da. Both compounds could be used as oral drugs.Conclusion: Verruculogen and wortmannin from Penicillium sp. show significant potential as oral anticancer drug candidates.Keywords: Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Mcl-1, Penicillium sp., in silico
{"title":"Bioactive Compounds from Penicillium sp. Inhibit Antiapoptotic Bcl-2, Bcl-XL and Mcl-1: An in silico Study","authors":"Adhie Massardi, Sandy Samsul Bahry, Nur Anindya Rahmawati, Carissa Azmi Shabirah, A. Pangastuti","doi":"10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.330","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins are overexpressed in cancer cells, leading to inhibition of apoptosis and the development of therapeutic resistance. Targeting only one type of antiapoptotic protein may have limited efficacy in cancer therapy. Anticancer drugs capable of inhibiting Bcl-2, Bcl-XL and Mcl-1 simultaneously are necessary to be explored. Penicillium sp. produces various bioactive compounds with anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. The aim of this research was to determine the best bioactive compound candidates for inhibiting Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1 proteins.Materials and methods: Molecular docking analysis was conducted to estimate the binding affinity of Penicillium sp. bioactive compounds with Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1 proteins. Compounds with the lowest binding energies were visualized using PyMol and Ligplot+ and further subjected to drug-likeness testing based on Lipinski's rule of five.Results: Bioactive compounds with the highest binding affinities were verruculogen and wortmannin. Wortmannin complied with Lipinski's rule of five. Meanwhile, verruculogen violated one out of the five rules by having a molecular weight >500 Da. Both compounds could be used as oral drugs.Conclusion: Verruculogen and wortmannin from Penicillium sp. show significant potential as oral anticancer drug candidates.Keywords: Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Mcl-1, Penicillium sp., in silico","PeriodicalId":53387,"journal":{"name":"MCBS Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82659346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Christian, Hartiyowidi Yuliawuri, Edvan Arifsaputra Suherman
Background: Indonesia is the second-highest country with hepatitis B cases in the South East Asian region. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR associated protein 12 (Cas12) could be developed as a diagnostic tool to detect hepatitis B infection. This study was aimed to develop a diagnostic method for hepatitis B virus by designing CRISPR target-based single-guide RNA (sgRNA).Materials and method: The preCore/Core-gene sequences of hepatitis B virus were collected from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website. The selected sequence was submitted to Cas Designer and CRISPOR tools to design sgRNA. The resulting sgRNA was cloned in silico into an expression vector using Benchling software.Results: The 23-nucleotide sequence 5'- GTAGTCAGTTATGTCAATGTTAA-3’ had 30% GC content, 68.3 out-of-frame and 76 predicted efficiencies. This sequence had no mismatch based on analysis.Conclusion: This preliminary study will help design a CRISPR-based diagnostic kit for the detection of hepatitis B virus in Indonesia. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies are required to demonstrate its potential and efficiency.Keywords: CRISPR-Cas12b, diagnostic, HBV, sgRNA
{"title":"CRISPR Target-based Single-guide RNA (sgRNA) for Diagnostic Testing of Hepatitis B Virus","authors":"J. Christian, Hartiyowidi Yuliawuri, Edvan Arifsaputra Suherman","doi":"10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.301","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Indonesia is the second-highest country with hepatitis B cases in the South East Asian region. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR associated protein 12 (Cas12) could be developed as a diagnostic tool to detect hepatitis B infection. This study was aimed to develop a diagnostic method for hepatitis B virus by designing CRISPR target-based single-guide RNA (sgRNA).Materials and method: The preCore/Core-gene sequences of hepatitis B virus were collected from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website. The selected sequence was submitted to Cas Designer and CRISPOR tools to design sgRNA. The resulting sgRNA was cloned in silico into an expression vector using Benchling software.Results: The 23-nucleotide sequence 5'- GTAGTCAGTTATGTCAATGTTAA-3’ had 30% GC content, 68.3 out-of-frame and 76 predicted efficiencies. This sequence had no mismatch based on analysis.Conclusion: This preliminary study will help design a CRISPR-based diagnostic kit for the detection of hepatitis B virus in Indonesia. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies are required to demonstrate its potential and efficiency.Keywords: CRISPR-Cas12b, diagnostic, HBV, sgRNA ","PeriodicalId":53387,"journal":{"name":"MCBS Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75796115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension and studies have shown that hypertension is associated with an increase in oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) lead to hypertension and antioxidants may be beneficial for its prevention. The main cause of oxidative stress in hypertension is endothelial dysfunction due to the malfunctions in the vasodilator systems, specifically the molecular mechanism of ROS and nitric oxide (NO). The level of malondialdehyde (MDA), a biomarker of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, is found to be higher in hypertension patients. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), which has a strong relationship with blood pressure, is determined through the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The aim of the review article is to elucidate the role of MDA and FRAP in hypertension.Keywords: oxidative stress, hypertension, blood pressure, oxidative damage, malondialdehyde, FRAP
{"title":"The Role of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) in Patients with Hypertension","authors":"Roshan Alam, H. Ahsan, Saba Khan","doi":"10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.288","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension and studies have shown that hypertension is associated with an increase in oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) lead to hypertension and antioxidants may be beneficial for its prevention. The main cause of oxidative stress in hypertension is endothelial dysfunction due to the malfunctions in the vasodilator systems, specifically the molecular mechanism of ROS and nitric oxide (NO). The level of malondialdehyde (MDA), a biomarker of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, is found to be higher in hypertension patients. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), which has a strong relationship with blood pressure, is determined through the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The aim of the review article is to elucidate the role of MDA and FRAP in hypertension.Keywords: oxidative stress, hypertension, blood pressure, oxidative damage, malondialdehyde, FRAP","PeriodicalId":53387,"journal":{"name":"MCBS Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73336761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the bacteria that causes pneumonia infection. Even though the number of pneumonia cases is relatively high and has become a global problem, there is still no vaccine available to prevent this disease. This study was aimed to design a multi-epitope vaccine design through an in silico approach, against K. pneumoniae.Materials and method: Vaccine candidate was constructed based on proteins of K. pneumoniae. These proteins were analyzed to identify the antigens sequence for multi-epitope vaccine design. The constructed vaccine was predicted for allergenicity, toxicity, population coverage, and its physicochemical properties. The vaccine structure was then docked with the toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) molecule to show the interaction. Expression analysis and cloning of the constructed vaccine was carried out in the pET-28a vector using SnapGene.Results: The vaccine was 567 amino acids long, consisting of Cholera Toxin Subunit B as an adjuvant, 6 B-cell epitopes, 11 cytotoxic T-cell epitopes, and 10 helper T-cell epitopes connected with the appropriate linker. Epitopes analysis showed that the vaccine will be a non-toxic, has high antigenicity, but non-allergenic. The vaccine was predicted to be stable, hydrophilic, and had a low risk of triggering autoimmune response. The vaccine molecule was compatible to humans TLR2 molecule. Furthermore, visualization of the candidate vaccine protein on pET-28a showed that the vaccine protein might be expressed correctly.Conclusion: The construction of multi-epitope vaccine has been developed, which might be a good vaccine candidate, containing 6 B-cell epitopes, 11 CTL epitopes, and 10 HTL epitopes. The construct may help scientists to experimentally formulate multi-epitope vaccine against K. pneumoniae in the future.Keywords: in silico, Klebsiella pneumoniae, multi-epitope, vaccine
{"title":"The Construction of A Multi-epitope Vaccine Against Klebsiella pneumoniae Using in silico Approach","authors":"D. Wonggo, M. Wahjudi","doi":"10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.343","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the bacteria that causes pneumonia infection. Even though the number of pneumonia cases is relatively high and has become a global problem, there is still no vaccine available to prevent this disease. This study was aimed to design a multi-epitope vaccine design through an in silico approach, against K. pneumoniae.Materials and method: Vaccine candidate was constructed based on proteins of K. pneumoniae. These proteins were analyzed to identify the antigens sequence for multi-epitope vaccine design. The constructed vaccine was predicted for allergenicity, toxicity, population coverage, and its physicochemical properties. The vaccine structure was then docked with the toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) molecule to show the interaction. Expression analysis and cloning of the constructed vaccine was carried out in the pET-28a vector using SnapGene.Results: The vaccine was 567 amino acids long, consisting of Cholera Toxin Subunit B as an adjuvant, 6 B-cell epitopes, 11 cytotoxic T-cell epitopes, and 10 helper T-cell epitopes connected with the appropriate linker. Epitopes analysis showed that the vaccine will be a non-toxic, has high antigenicity, but non-allergenic. The vaccine was predicted to be stable, hydrophilic, and had a low risk of triggering autoimmune response. The vaccine molecule was compatible to humans TLR2 molecule. Furthermore, visualization of the candidate vaccine protein on pET-28a showed that the vaccine protein might be expressed correctly.Conclusion: The construction of multi-epitope vaccine has been developed, which might be a good vaccine candidate, containing 6 B-cell epitopes, 11 CTL epitopes, and 10 HTL epitopes. The construct may help scientists to experimentally formulate multi-epitope vaccine against K. pneumoniae in the future.Keywords: in silico, Klebsiella pneumoniae, multi-epitope, vaccine ","PeriodicalId":53387,"journal":{"name":"MCBS Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89940074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB), a typical oxidoreductase for converting lactate to pyruvate in the glycolysis process, takes a complex function in the progression of cancer cells. Even so, the profile of LDHB relevance in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains ambiguous. Hence this study analyzed the expression and co-expression profile of LDHB, and its immune correlation in COAD.Materials and method: The mRNA expression and co-expression of LDHB in COAD were retrieved from UALCAN. The immune infiltration levels of LDHB from B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells in COAD were assessed using the TIMER database. For assessing gene ontology and the KEGG pathway, DAVID v6.8 was utilized. The protein-protein interaction of LDHB-correlated genes was analyzed using STRINGDB and Cytoscape.Results: Significantly high expression of LDHB in COAD was spotted in several sample types and associated with a poor overall survival rate. Further, LDHB corresponded to the level of CD4+, macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) immune infiltrating cells. The co-expression of LDHB was associated with several essential genes for cell cycle progression.Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate an upcoming involvement of LDHB in COAD tumorigenesis and prognosis. Additionally, this study highlights the immune correlation of LDHB in COAD as preliminary data in developing diagnosis and treatment with a novel immune checkpoint in COAD.Keywords: lactate dehydrogenase, colon adenocarcinoma, expression, survival, immune
{"title":"Integrative Bioinformatics Reveals the Lactate Dehydrogenase B (LDHB) Significance in Colon Adenocarcinoma","authors":"F. Wulandari, Mila Hanifa","doi":"10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21705/mcbs.v7i2.346","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB), a typical oxidoreductase for converting lactate to pyruvate in the glycolysis process, takes a complex function in the progression of cancer cells. Even so, the profile of LDHB relevance in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains ambiguous. Hence this study analyzed the expression and co-expression profile of LDHB, and its immune correlation in COAD.Materials and method: The mRNA expression and co-expression of LDHB in COAD were retrieved from UALCAN. The immune infiltration levels of LDHB from B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells in COAD were assessed using the TIMER database. For assessing gene ontology and the KEGG pathway, DAVID v6.8 was utilized. The protein-protein interaction of LDHB-correlated genes was analyzed using STRINGDB and Cytoscape.Results: Significantly high expression of LDHB in COAD was spotted in several sample types and associated with a poor overall survival rate. Further, LDHB corresponded to the level of CD4+, macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) immune infiltrating cells. The co-expression of LDHB was associated with several essential genes for cell cycle progression.Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate an upcoming involvement of LDHB in COAD tumorigenesis and prognosis. Additionally, this study highlights the immune correlation of LDHB in COAD as preliminary data in developing diagnosis and treatment with a novel immune checkpoint in COAD.Keywords: lactate dehydrogenase, colon adenocarcinoma, expression, survival, immune","PeriodicalId":53387,"journal":{"name":"MCBS Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88344389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Widowati, A. Faried, H. Kusuma, Y. Hermanto, Ali Budi Harsono, T. Djuwantono
Recent research has demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) potentially benefit and enhance coronavirus disease (COVID-19) recovery. This benefit occurs via a mechanism that promotes viral clearance by phagocytes and macrophages. This action occurs through the innate (increase in IL-10 production and decrease in TNF-α and IL-12 production) and the adaptive immune system (decrease in IL-17 production, promote regulatory T cell proliferation and inhibit effectors T cell proliferation). MSCs are expected to act as an anti-inflammatory in the hyper-inflammatory state of COVID-19. MSCs enhance immune cell replacement that have been overwhelmed or have been lost due to cytokine storm. Although vaccines are the answer to this pandemic, MSCs can improve COVID-19 patients, especially in patients with chronic illnesses. The focus on keeping death-rates low is a great opportunity for MSCs-based therapy for severe or critically ill patients. MSCs and conditioned medium have the potential to serve as adjunctive therapy in preventing the body's overactive defense response or the so-called cytokine storm caused by COVID-19.Keywords: adjuvant therapy, COVID-19, mesenchymal stem cells, secretome
{"title":"Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Its Conditioned Medium as a Potential Adjuvant Therapy for COVID-19","authors":"W. Widowati, A. Faried, H. Kusuma, Y. Hermanto, Ali Budi Harsono, T. Djuwantono","doi":"10.21705/mcbs.v7i1.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21705/mcbs.v7i1.287","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) potentially benefit and enhance coronavirus disease (COVID-19) recovery. This benefit occurs via a mechanism that promotes viral clearance by phagocytes and macrophages. This action occurs through the innate (increase in IL-10 production and decrease in TNF-α and IL-12 production) and the adaptive immune system (decrease in IL-17 production, promote regulatory T cell proliferation and inhibit effectors T cell proliferation). MSCs are expected to act as an anti-inflammatory in the hyper-inflammatory state of COVID-19. MSCs enhance immune cell replacement that have been overwhelmed or have been lost due to cytokine storm. Although vaccines are the answer to this pandemic, MSCs can improve COVID-19 patients, especially in patients with chronic illnesses. The focus on keeping death-rates low is a great opportunity for MSCs-based therapy for severe or critically ill patients. MSCs and conditioned medium have the potential to serve as adjunctive therapy in preventing the body's overactive defense response or the so-called cytokine storm caused by COVID-19.Keywords: adjuvant therapy, COVID-19, mesenchymal stem cells, secretome","PeriodicalId":53387,"journal":{"name":"MCBS Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74523363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melinda Remelia, B. Bela, S. T. Widyaningtyas, R. Antarianto, N. F. Mazfufah, J. Pawitan
Background: Reprogrammed cell therapy has not been applied for clinical purposes due to the malignancy issue. The aim of this study was to design the recombinant vector of the transcription factors and analyze the effectiveness of cell-penetrating peptide delivering system for human primary fibroblast transfection to avoid the malignancy issue.Materials and methods: The constructions of CCAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPA), hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A), nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (NR1I2) were confirmed with DNA digestion and sequencing. Breast reduction (BRED) and palate (PAL) tissue were used as human primary fibroblast sources. The transcription factors were delivered into BRED and PAL with recombination of avian leukosis sarcoma virus (ALSV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) matrix, and regulator of expression of virion proteins (Rev) (ALMR), tagged with enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP). Post-transfection cells were then cultivated with optimized medium. Gene expression was measured with quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).Results: Gene expression levels of CEBPA, HNF4A, NR1I2, glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL), albumin (ALB), and cytochrome P450 (CYP) were increased. Transfection with ALMR, which were more efficient in BRED than PAL fibroblasts may have the advantage in autologous cell therapy for elderly patients.Conclusion: Transfection of transcription factors to human primary fibroblast may be performed by using constructions of plasmid as designed in this study.Keywords: recombinant plasmid, hepatocyte-like cells, primary fibroblasts, recombinant peptide, cell reprogramming, autologous cells therapy
{"title":"The Use of Cell-penetrating Peptide for Delivery of Recombinant Transcription Factor DNA into Primary Human Fibroblast","authors":"Melinda Remelia, B. Bela, S. T. Widyaningtyas, R. Antarianto, N. F. Mazfufah, J. Pawitan","doi":"10.21705/mcbs.v7i1.279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21705/mcbs.v7i1.279","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Reprogrammed cell therapy has not been applied for clinical purposes due to the malignancy issue. The aim of this study was to design the recombinant vector of the transcription factors and analyze the effectiveness of cell-penetrating peptide delivering system for human primary fibroblast transfection to avoid the malignancy issue.Materials and methods: The constructions of CCAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPA), hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A), nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (NR1I2) were confirmed with DNA digestion and sequencing. Breast reduction (BRED) and palate (PAL) tissue were used as human primary fibroblast sources. The transcription factors were delivered into BRED and PAL with recombination of avian leukosis sarcoma virus (ALSV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) matrix, and regulator of expression of virion proteins (Rev) (ALMR), tagged with enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP). Post-transfection cells were then cultivated with optimized medium. Gene expression was measured with quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).Results: Gene expression levels of CEBPA, HNF4A, NR1I2, glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL), albumin (ALB), and cytochrome P450 (CYP) were increased. Transfection with ALMR, which were more efficient in BRED than PAL fibroblasts may have the advantage in autologous cell therapy for elderly patients.Conclusion: Transfection of transcription factors to human primary fibroblast may be performed by using constructions of plasmid as designed in this study.Keywords: recombinant plasmid, hepatocyte-like cells, primary fibroblasts, recombinant peptide, cell reprogramming, autologous cells therapy","PeriodicalId":53387,"journal":{"name":"MCBS Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79658329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Tandirogang, Evi Fitriany, Nursaci Mardania, M. Jannah, Bilqis Faiqotun Nabilah Dilan, Sapta Rahayuning Ratri, Arfian Deny Prakoso, M. Aminyoto, Yuliana Kartika Ningrum, I. Fikriah, Y. Yadi
Background: Currently, the key to combat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a global pandemic is relying mainly on vaccination, and several factors might affect the level of protection. This study aimed to determine the quantitative increase of neutralizing antibody titer against COVID-19 and the influence of gender, body mass index (BMI), routine consumption of vitamin C, D, and E towards the neutralizing antibodies after vaccination.Materials and methods: One hundred nine health workers from various health facilities were recruited. Sinovac inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine was used in this study. Antibody titer measurements were carried out quantitatively using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) on day 14 after the first and second doses administration of the vaccine.Results: The average of antibody titers after the first and second doses were 109.1 and 191.6 U/mL, respectively. Antibody titer significantly increased (p=0.000) as much as 82.5 U/mL from the first to the second dose. There was a significant difference in the increase in antibody titer between respondents who consumed vitamin E regularly and those who did not (p=0.036). Routine consumption of vitamin C and D, gender, and BMI did not affect the increase in neutralizing antibody titer with p-values of 0.983, 0.337, 0.186, and 0.424, respectively.Conclusion: Routine consumption of vitamin E is associated with post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination neutralizing antibody response. Gender, BMI, and the routine consumption of vitamin C and D have no association with the immune response.Keywords: COVID-19, neutralizing antibody, inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
{"title":"Neutralizing Antibody Response by Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine on Healthcare Workers","authors":"N. Tandirogang, Evi Fitriany, Nursaci Mardania, M. Jannah, Bilqis Faiqotun Nabilah Dilan, Sapta Rahayuning Ratri, Arfian Deny Prakoso, M. Aminyoto, Yuliana Kartika Ningrum, I. Fikriah, Y. Yadi","doi":"10.21705/mcbs.v7i1.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21705/mcbs.v7i1.303","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Currently, the key to combat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a global pandemic is relying mainly on vaccination, and several factors might affect the level of protection. This study aimed to determine the quantitative increase of neutralizing antibody titer against COVID-19 and the influence of gender, body mass index (BMI), routine consumption of vitamin C, D, and E towards the neutralizing antibodies after vaccination.Materials and methods: One hundred nine health workers from various health facilities were recruited. Sinovac inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine was used in this study. Antibody titer measurements were carried out quantitatively using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) on day 14 after the first and second doses administration of the vaccine.Results: The average of antibody titers after the first and second doses were 109.1 and 191.6 U/mL, respectively. Antibody titer significantly increased (p=0.000) as much as 82.5 U/mL from the first to the second dose. There was a significant difference in the increase in antibody titer between respondents who consumed vitamin E regularly and those who did not (p=0.036). Routine consumption of vitamin C and D, gender, and BMI did not affect the increase in neutralizing antibody titer with p-values of 0.983, 0.337, 0.186, and 0.424, respectively.Conclusion: Routine consumption of vitamin E is associated with post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination neutralizing antibody response. Gender, BMI, and the routine consumption of vitamin C and D have no association with the immune response.Keywords: COVID-19, neutralizing antibody, inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine","PeriodicalId":53387,"journal":{"name":"MCBS Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80334164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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