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Revisión sistemática de la literatura de los sistemas de recomendación de contenidos educativos 教育内容推荐系统文献的系统综述
Q4 Computer Science Pub Date : 2021-03-30 DOI: 10.33936/isrtic.v4i2.2770
Luis Daniel Álava
En la actualidad los Sistemas de Recomendación (RS) de contenido, contribuyen con el propósito de que los docentes posean más herramientas de apoyo para la enseñanza basada en competencias sobre todo en la educación superior. Estetrabajo presenta la fase inicial hacia el desarrollo de unprototipo de RS de ruta de aprendizaje personalizada. Esta revisión se llevó a cabo explorando el tema central enbases de datos especializadas en tecnología, analizando el tema principal de una forma sistemática buscando filtrar la información que sirva como base, analizando los puntos más relevantes como las tendencias y los mejores métodos y prácticas empleados en la elaboración de un RS.
目前,内容推荐系统(RS)有助于教师拥有更多基于能力的教学支持工具,特别是在高等教育中。这项工作提出了开发定制学习路径RS原型的初始阶段。回顾主题进行探索enbases专门技术分析数据以系统的方式寻找主题过滤信息,作为最明显的基础上,分析成绩趋势和更好的方法和做法员工制定了一个RS。
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引用次数: 1
Optimization Inspired on Herd Immunity Applied to Non-Hierarchical Grouping of Objects 基于群体免疫的目标非分层分组优化
Q4 Computer Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.22456/2175-2745.107478
Alfredo Silveira Araújo Neto
Characterized as one of the most important operations related to data analysis, one non-hierarchical grouping consists of, even without having any information about the elements to be classified, establish upon a finite collection of objects, the partitioning of the items that constitute it into subsets or groups without intersecting, so that the elements that are part of a certain group are more similar to each other than the items that belong to distinct group. In this context, this study proposes the application of a meta-heuristic inspired by herd immunity to the determination of the non-hierarchical grouping of objects, and compares the results obtained by this method with the answers provided by four other grouping strategies, described in the literature. In particular, the resulting arrangements of the classification of 33 benchmark collections, performed by the suggested algorithm, by the metaheuristic inspired by the particle swarm, by the genetic algorithm, by the K-means algorithm and by the meta-heuristic inspired by the thermal annealing process, were compared under the perspective of 10 different evaluation measures, indicating that the partitions established by the meta-heuristic inspired by the herd immunity may, in certain respects, be more favorable than the classifications obtained by the other clustering methods.
作为与数据分析相关的最重要的操作之一,一个非分层分组包括,即使没有关于要分类的元素的任何信息,建立在有限的对象集合上,将构成它的项目划分为子集或组而不相交,因此,某一组中的元素比属于不同组的项目更相似。在此背景下,本研究提出应用群体免疫启发的元启发式方法来确定对象的非分层分组,并将该方法获得的结果与文献中描述的其他四种分组策略提供的答案进行比较。特别地,在10种不同评价指标的视角下,比较了建议算法、粒子群启发元启发式算法、遗传算法、K-means算法和热退火启发元启发式算法对33个基准集合的分类结果,表明群体免疫启发元启发式算法所建立的划分在一定程度上可以比其他聚类方法得到的分类更有利。
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引用次数: 2
Límites precisos difusos. Arquitecturas paradójicas en la era postCOVID 模糊精确边界。后新冠时代的矛盾建筑
Q4 Computer Science Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.24192/2386-7027(2020)(v14)(06)
Francisco Muñoz Carabias
The emergence of COVID-19 in a digital and open society with fuzzy limits, as Toyo Ito indicates has caused an immune reaction of the opposite sign with precise closings, without ceasing to be hyperconnected. This cohabitation of the viral and the neuronal in the words of Byung-Chul Han can only find accommodation in a hybrid reality structure that we could call the paradoxical paradigm. “Less is more” was the oxymoron that defined modern architecture, a binomial of plausible opposite terms, and present in many of the implausible expressions that founded the profound transformations that renewed the culture of the 20th century. A convulsive and contradictory period where uncertainty and fear are related to the current pandemic. Understanding this radical and productive mechanism opens other ways to redefine the new ways of living in indeterminate and vulnerable contexts such as those that await us in the postCOVID era. From the crisis of the high-density model of the current city to the management of the confinement and distancing spaces that configure housing as a duality of autonomous room groups, COaVitation, center-decentralization mechanisms in educational and socio-sanitary spaces, in summary, relations of opposites in a paradoxical architecture consistent with the new normality
正如伊东丰雄所指出的,新冠肺炎在一个界限模糊的数字开放社会中的出现,已经引起了一种相反的免疫反应,即精确的关闭,而不再是超级关联的。用杨楚汉的话来说,病毒和神经元的共存只能在一种我们可以称之为悖论范式的混合现实结构中找到适应。“少即是多”是定义现代建筑的矛盾修辞法,是一个看似合理的对立术语的二项式,并出现在许多看似难以置信的表达中,这些表达奠定了20世纪文化的深刻变革。这是一个动荡和矛盾的时期,不确定性和恐惧与当前的疫情有关。理解这种激进而富有成效的机制为重新定义在不确定和脆弱的环境中的新生活方式开辟了其他途径,比如在后新冠肺炎时代等待我们的生活方式。从当前城市高密度模式的危机,到将住房配置为自治房间群的双重性的禁闭和隔离空间的管理,COaVitation,教育和社会卫生空间中的中心分权机制,总之,矛盾建筑中的对立关系与新常态相一致
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引用次数: 1
Un libro fotográfico en contra del desvanecimiento de la memoria urbana: una investigación del libro Rio que desaparece más allá de sus planos iconográficos 一本反对城市记忆衰落的摄影书:对《消失在图像平面之外的里约之书》的调查
Q4 Computer Science Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.24192/2386-7027(2020)(v14)(14)
Joao Magnus Barbosa Leite Pereira Pires
Devastations of architectural ensemble had often taken place in Rio de Janeiro’s Historic Center until the end of the 1970s. These traumatic transformations of the built environment erased urban memory, which undermined social groups’ resistance against unwanted projects. Cities are often the subject of photography, which is a powerful instrument to remember the past. Despite that, photographic books are rarely picked as sources of knowledge about cities and means to recover erased urban memories. In this sense, this work has studied the case of Claudio Bruni Sakraischik’s Rio que desaparece (1993) (“Vanishing Rio”) book to highlight this bibliographic genre potential. Its main goal is to verify whether the book could contribute to the urban memory erasure’s resistance. Sakraischik registered the transformation process by which Rio de Janeiro had been through in the 1970s as the City Hall implemented the subway system. The publication was analyzed beyond its photographs’ iconographic planes, articulating texts about the urban memory erasure, with other texts on the city history and the author’s writings and biography. It was verified that this photographic book provides starting points from which it is possible to access and reinforce memories regarding the built environment and its demolished architectural examples.
直到20世纪70年代末,里约热内卢历史中心的建筑整体经常遭到破坏。这些建筑环境的创伤性转变抹去了城市记忆,这削弱了社会群体对不想要的项目的抵制。城市往往是摄影的主题,这是一个强大的工具来记住过去。尽管如此,摄影书籍很少被选为关于城市的知识来源和恢复被抹去的城市记忆的手段。在这个意义上,本工作研究了Claudio Bruni Sakraischik的里约热内卢que desaparece(1993)(“消失的里约热内卢”)一书的案例,以突出这种书目类型的潜力。其主要目的是验证这本书是否有助于抵抗城市记忆抹除。Sakraischik记录了里约热内卢在20世纪70年代市政厅实施地铁系统时所经历的转型过程。该出版物的分析超越了其照片的图像平面,阐明了关于城市记忆消除的文本,以及关于城市历史和作者的作品和传记的其他文本。经过验证,这本摄影书提供了一个起点,可以从中获取和加强关于建筑环境及其拆除的建筑实例的记忆。
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引用次数: 0
Lo verde como sistema: espacios verdes y vida al aire libre en la Holanda de entreguerras a través de las páginas de la publicación neerlandesa de 8 en Opbouw 绿色作为一个系统:两次世界大战期间荷兰的绿色空间和户外生活
Q4 Computer Science Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.24192/2386-7027(2020)(v14)(03)
I. Maestre
Dutch Magazine de 8 en Opbouw, heir of i10 was from its beginnings in 1932, to its disappearance in 1943 for political reasons, one of the last refuge for the Neues Bauen. It was formed by two previous groups from Amsterdam and Rotterdam, de 8 and OPBOUW. The magazine was always vigilant of every experience coming from France, Germany, the URSS or the USA. They took on enthusiastically new theories about Lebensreform, and the necessity for redesigning the Nineteenth Century city. This work seeks for articles focused or related in some way to green areas or “Outdoor life” encouragement. We’ll discover how dramatic was their claim for public policies in hygienic improvements and new green areas necessity. We’ll also discover, specially from 1938, high urban and landscaping value projects, inspired from the german 20’s and the New Objectivity experiences, as the Amsterdam Bosch, Rotterdam Green Plan or several sports, bath and swimming complex or new schools.
《荷兰杂志》(Dutch Magazine de 8 en Opbouw)是i10的继承人,从1932年创办到1943年因政治原因消失,是Neues Bauen家族最后的避难所之一。它是由来自阿姆斯特丹和鹿特丹的前两个团体,de 8和OPBOUW组成的。该杂志总是对来自法国、德国、URSS或美国的每一次经历保持警惕。他们热情地接受了关于Lebensreform的新理论,以及重新设计这座19世纪城市的必要性。这部作品寻求以某种方式关注或与绿色区域或“户外生活”鼓励相关的文章。我们将发现他们对卫生改善和新绿地必要性的公共政策的主张是多么引人注目。我们还将发现,特别是1938年的高城市和景观价值项目,这些项目的灵感来自德国20年代和新客观性体验,如阿姆斯特丹博世、鹿特丹绿色计划或几个体育、洗浴和游泳综合体或新学校。
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引用次数: 0
Estrategias urbanas en sitios eriazos: de lo transitorio a lo permanente. De la isla al archipiélago 废弃地点的城市策略:从短暂到永久。从岛屿到群岛
Q4 Computer Science Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.24192/2386-7027(2020)(v14)(13)
Sebastián López Jeldes, Ángela Carvajal Fernández
The definition of vacant land has been discussed in urban and architectural spheres, seen as remnants that belong to the urban fabric and at the same time, tangential to this dynamic, the development time in these urban voids –form and program–, can be undefined for its concretion. In turn, the vacant land –without use or construction–, usually is a space closed on its perimeter that coexists with the daily and constant mutation of the city, therefore it has been the subject of various interventions that aim to integrate them urbanly to the enjoyment of citizenship. The discussion will focus on interventions in vacant land from their permanent, ephemeral, and temporary nature in contrast to the current political projects of pocket parks in the city of Santiago de Chile. Finally, the role of the vacant land is understood as a public space opportunity in its multiscale affectation –local to metropolitan–, the possibilities to its implementation could reduce the inequality distribution of public spaces in consolidated cities.
空地的定义已经在城市和建筑领域进行了讨论,被视为属于城市结构的残余物,同时,与这种动态相切的是,这些城市空间的发展时间-形式和程序-可以因其固化而未定义。反过来,空置的土地——没有使用或建设——通常是一个封闭的空间,与城市的日常和不断的变化共存,因此它一直是各种干预的主题,旨在将它们融入城市的享受。讨论将集中于对空地的干预,从它们的永久性、短暂性和暂时性的性质出发,与目前智利圣地亚哥市口袋公园的政治项目形成对比。最后,空地的作用被理解为一个多尺度的公共空间机会,其实施的可能性可以减少合并城市中公共空间分布的不平等。
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引用次数: 0
Cocinando en Villa Dall’Ava. Dispositivos arquitectónicos en el programa doméstico de OMA 在Dall'ava别墅做饭。OMA家庭计划中的建筑设备
Q4 Computer Science Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.24192/2386-7027(2020)(v14)(09)
Luis Burriel Bielza
A pesar de su escala y reducido presupuesto, la Villa Dall’Ava, concebida y construida entre 1984 y 1991 constituye un verdadero crisol de experiencias y de exploraciones, no solo relacionadas con el espacio domestico, sino tambien con otras nociones que se integraran en proyectos de mayor escala como “territorio”, “paisaje” o “estructura”. A tenor de su posicion en el nivel de planta baja, la cocina aparece como un elemento aislado, segregado. Sin embargo, una vez activada a traves de los rituales diarios cotidianos, nos percatamos de su hiperconectividad. Es a la vez un espacio de uso y de transicion, dotado de una condicion estatica y dinamica que adquiere verdadero valor al comprobar que ese mismo estatus se reproduce en otras viviendas, a pesar de una definicion formal completamente diferente. Este articulo trabaja con dos herramientas. La primera, la documentacion original del proyecto perteneciente al archivo O.M.A. Rotterdam. La segunda, el dibujo, dejando la palabra en un segundo plano, minimizando su presencia. Queremos proponer una reflexion que vaya mas alla del tema concreto y que trate de desarrollar mecanismos de investigacion, comprension y discusion al interior de nuestra disciplina, y que nos permitan aprovechar nuestra formacion intrinseca como arquitectos disenadores.
尽管规模和预算很小,但1984年至1991年设计和建造的Dall'ava别墅是一个真正的经验和探索的熔炉,不仅与家庭空间有关,而且与其他概念有关,这些概念将被纳入更大的项目,如“领土”、“景观”或“结构”。根据其在一楼的位置,厨房似乎是一个孤立的、隔离的元素。然而,一旦通过日常仪式激活,我们就会注意到它的超连接。它既是一个使用空间,也是一个过渡空间,具有静态和动态的条件,尽管有完全不同的正式定义,但通过检查其他房屋中是否复制了同样的状态,它获得了真正的价值。这篇文章使用两种工具。第一份是属于鹿特丹O.M.A.档案馆的项目原始文件。第二,绘画,把这个词放在背景中,最大限度地减少它的存在。我们希望提出一种超越具体主题的反思,并试图在我们学科内部发展研究、理解和讨论机制,使我们能够利用作为设计师的内在培训。
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引用次数: 0
Miradas cruzadas. Notas sobre arquitecturas nórdicas y arquitectos viajeros entre Japón y Europa 交叉凝视。日本和欧洲之间的北欧建筑和旅行建筑师笔记
Q4 Computer Science Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.24192/2386-7027(2020)(v14)(05)
Ramón Rodríguez Llera, Iván Rincón-Borrego
The research starts from the idea that traditional Japanese architecture has played an important role in the development of modern architecture in Europe, especially in the case of domestic architecture. The objective is to summarize this fact, widely studied in the United States due to the work of Frank Lloyd Wright. However, this fact has only been partially analysed about Europe, especially during the second half of the 20th century and in relation to the Nordic countries. How did Nordic architects find inspiration in the East? What drew them to your tectonic culture? How did they apply the Japanese aesthetic to their own designs? While sometimes only formal elements were used, without much more depth, in other cases, the principles of Orientalism, Sukiya architecture or the Villa Katsura as a reference, enriched domestic architecture designs. Such is the case of Jorn Utzon, Halldor Gunnlogsson, Arne Korsmo or Sverre Fehn, among others; who were the leaders of a current of modern Eastern syncretism, which owes its origins to the vision of the Central European pioneers who visited Japan, to the influence of Erik Gunnar Asplund and, above all, to the legacy of Tetsuro Yoshida.
研究的出发点是,日本传统建筑在欧洲现代建筑发展中发挥了重要作用,尤其是在国内建筑的发展中。目的是总结这一事实,由于弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特的工作,这一事实在美国被广泛研究。然而,这一事实只对欧洲进行了部分分析,特别是在20世纪下半叶,以及与北欧国家的关系。北欧建筑师是如何在东方找到灵感的?是什么把他们吸引到你的构造文化中来的?他们是如何将日本美学应用到自己的设计中的?虽然有时只使用形式元素,没有更多的深度,但在其他情况下,东方主义、Sukiya建筑或桂庄的原则作为参考,丰富了国内建筑设计。Jorn Utzon、Halldor Gunlogsson、Arne Korsmo或Sverre Fehn等人就是这样;他们是现代东方融合主义潮流的领导者,这股潮流的起源归功于访问日本的中欧先驱的远见,归功于埃里克·冈纳·阿斯普隆德的影响,最重要的是,归功于吉田哲郎的遗产。
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引用次数: 1
Habitar en la era digital. Modelos colaborativos y su respuesta en tiempos de crisis 生活在数字时代。协作模式及其在危机时期的反应
Q4 Computer Science Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.24192/2386-7027(2020)(v14)(04)
Lucía de Molina Benavides, E. V. Ramos
The etymological origin of the word inhabit comes from the Latin habitare, frequentative of habere, “to have or possess repeatedly” and its meaning indicates the “habit” of staying in a place. From the beginning of the first industrial revolutions, technology increased the movements of individuals, reducing the permanence in space. These new circumstances have affected interpersonal relationships and the concept of home. In this new era, the ubiquity afforded by the digitization of belongings and processes, allows previously unimaginable activities to be carried out from the home, the purchase of all kinds of products, telecommuting, providing or receiving teaching, and also the possibility of doing so from anywhere else in the world. As a result of this, new domestic spaces emerge, the collaborative models Cohousing and Coliving, which appear to respond to new social profiles, such as the inhabitant and the digital nomad. The global mobility limitation, produced by the COVID-19, has evidenced the true sustainability of these new collaborative models. Given this reality, it is necessary to review it in support of the quality of life of its users, which is linked to reconnection with the environment and the consolidation of its community.
“habitare”一词的词源来自拉丁语habitare,是habere的重复词,意为“反复拥有或占有”,其含义表示呆在一个地方的“习惯”。从第一次工业革命开始,技术增加了个人的活动,减少了空间的持久性。这些新情况影响了人际关系和家庭概念。在这个新时代,物品和流程的数字化所提供的无处不在,使得以前无法想象的活动可以在家里进行,购买各种产品,远程办公,提供或接受教学,以及从世界其他任何地方这样做的可能性。因此,新的家庭空间出现了,协作模式Cohousing和colliving似乎响应了新的社会特征,例如居民和数字游牧民。COVID-19造成的全球流动性限制证明了这些新的协作模式的真正可持续性。鉴于这一现实,有必要对其进行审查,以支持其用户的生活质量,这与与环境的重新联系和社区的巩固有关。
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引用次数: 1
Singularidades locales en la arquitectura de Alejandro de la Sota. CENIM y Centro de Cálculo de la Caja Postal de Ahorros 亚历杭德罗·德拉索塔建筑中的当地奇点。CENIM和邮政储蓄银行计算中心
Q4 Computer Science Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.24192/2386-7027(2020)(v14)(07)
R. García
This article analyzes two alterations of the general order included respectively in the buildings of the National Center for Metallurgical Research (CENIM, 1963) and in the Calculation Center of the former Savings Bank Postal (1975) by Alejandro de la Sota. Both respond to practical aspects of their organization, but at the same time they involve aspects of meaning regarding the relationship of heterogeneous parts within the same project. They are included in the same study since they can establish common aspects differentiated from the rest of the projects, also utilitarian and related to work programs in De la Sota’s work. These aspects are especially linked to effects on the regularity of their project nettings. As indicated in annotation to the text –although its discussion has not been addressed within it because it exceeds the available space– a comprehensive examination of the composition between fundamental parts of other buildings of similar programs has been necessary to appreciate the real uniqueness existing in the here considered. The particularities of each one has invited a careful analysis that reveals their contributions to the total composition and the character of the spaces by them generated.
本文分析了Alejandro de la Sota对国家冶金研究中心(CENIM,1963年)和前邮政储蓄银行计算中心(1975年)建筑中的两次总体秩序的修改。两者都对其组织的实际方面做出了回应,但同时也涉及到同一项目中异构部分关系的意义方面。它们被纳入同一项研究,因为它们可以建立与其他项目不同的共同方面,也具有实用性,并与德拉索塔作品中的工作计划有关。这些方面尤其与对其项目净值规律性的影响有关。如文本注释所示,尽管由于超出了可用空间,因此没有在文本中进行讨论,但有必要对类似项目的其他建筑的基本部分之间的组成进行全面检查,以了解此处所考虑的建筑中存在的真正独特性。每一个的特殊性都需要仔细分析,以揭示它们对整体构成的贡献以及它们所产生的空间的特征。
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引用次数: 0
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