The COVID-19 pandemic of a planetary scale, like a powerful laser beam, snatched out from the shadows many facets of life and processes that until now could have been muted, by finding, it seemed, quite permissible comforting excuses. The phenomenon of life — the leadership of women and their participation in the political field has attracted attention in new and changed dangerous situations. If, before a pandemic the limited participation of women in political life, their lack of representation as voters, as well as in leadership positions whether elective positions, civil service, private sector or scientific field was almost in the order of things, today women’s leadership from the local to the global level objectively looks disproportionate to the needs of life. Moreover, women have proven their abilities as leaders and agents of change, and their right to equal participation in democratic governance. Barriers to political participation: structural barriers due to discriminatory laws and institutions continue to limit women’s ability to run for office. The capacity gap means that women are less likely than men to receive the education, contacts and resources needed to become effective leaders. Back in 2011, the UN General Assembly, in its resolution on the participation of women in politics, records: women in all corners of the world continue to be largely excluded from the political sphere, often due to discriminatory laws, customs, attitudes and gender stereotypes, low level education, lack of access to health care and the disproportionate impact of poverty on women. Individual women have overcome similar obstacles in such circumstances with great success, and often for the benefit of society as a whole. The pandemic poses the question differently: for women as a whole, the playing field should be equal, opening up opportunities for all, since getting rid of the pandemic and establishing a normal course of life cannot be objectively accomplished without ignoring and taking into account the effective participation of half of humanity. The role of women’s leadership in the age of the COVID-19 pandemic disaster is at the center of attention, reflecting the recognition of the importance and priority of the issue.
{"title":"Women’s leadership in the world: “promoting forward”","authors":"N. Shvedova","doi":"10.21064/winrs.2022.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21064/winrs.2022.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic of a planetary scale, like a powerful laser beam, snatched out from the shadows many facets of life and processes that until now could have been muted, by finding, it seemed, quite permissible comforting excuses. The phenomenon of life — the leadership of women and their participation in the political field has attracted attention in new and changed dangerous situations. If, before a pandemic the limited participation of women in political life, their lack of representation as voters, as well as in leadership positions whether elective positions, civil service, private sector or scientific field was almost in the order of things, today women’s leadership from the local to the global level objectively looks disproportionate to the needs of life. Moreover, women have proven their abilities as leaders and agents of change, and their right to equal participation in democratic governance. Barriers to political participation: structural barriers due to discriminatory laws and institutions continue to limit women’s ability to run for office. The capacity gap means that women are less likely than men to receive the education, contacts and resources needed to become effective leaders. Back in 2011, the UN General Assembly, in its resolution on the participation of women in politics, records: women in all corners of the world continue to be largely excluded from the political sphere, often due to discriminatory laws, customs, attitudes and gender stereotypes, low level education, lack of access to health care and the disproportionate impact of poverty on women. Individual women have overcome similar obstacles in such circumstances with great success, and often for the benefit of society as a whole. The pandemic poses the question differently: for women as a whole, the playing field should be equal, opening up opportunities for all, since getting rid of the pandemic and establishing a normal course of life cannot be objectively accomplished without ignoring and taking into account the effective participation of half of humanity. The role of women’s leadership in the age of the COVID-19 pandemic disaster is at the center of attention, reflecting the recognition of the importance and priority of the issue.","PeriodicalId":53435,"journal":{"name":"Woman in Russian Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44050712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Women in the government bodies of Soviet Russia: how it all began (Petrograd, 1923)","authors":"V. Fortunatov, A. Beschasnaya","doi":"10.21064/winrs.2022.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21064/winrs.2022.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53435,"journal":{"name":"Woman in Russian Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48091695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apollinariia Suslova is mostly famous as the strongest passion of Fyodor Dostoevsky as well as the prototype of his female literary characters. She is also known for her difficult relations with her husband Vasiliy V. Rozanov. But the personality of Suslova is interesting not only because of her connection with two geniuses of the Russian literary world. Arkadiy S. Dolinin, Suslov’s first biographer, called her “the most typical representative of her time”. Since then, from the 1920s, Apollinariia was associated by the critics and readers with a certain type of women in the 1860s (“shestidesyatnitsi” — “women of the 1860s”). However, Suslova’s diary and letters of the 1860s, her relations with the contemporaries, and at last, the fact that she served as a prototype of Dostoevsky’s literary characters (who are in no way similar to the people of the 1860s) make Dolinin’s statement debatable. The author of the given article agrees, on the one hand, that Apolinnariia Suslova shared the views typical for Russian intelligentsia of the 1860s. On the other hand, she was more of a unique figure in the social atmosphere of that time. Her worldview, extremes of character, very strong reflection (as a rule not typical for raznochintsi) — all that distuinguishes Apollinariia Suslova among the “new people” of the 1860s.
作为陀思妥耶夫斯基最强烈的激情，也是陀思妥耶夫斯基女性文学人物的原型，阿波利娜丽娅·苏斯洛娃最为人所知。她与丈夫瓦西里·v·罗扎诺夫(Vasiliy V. Rozanov)的关系也很糟糕。但苏斯洛娃的性格之所以有趣，不仅是因为她与俄罗斯文坛的两位天才有联系。苏斯洛夫的第一位传记作者阿卡迪·s·多利宁称她为“那个时代最典型的代表”。从那以后，从20世纪20年代开始，阿波琳娜里娅就被评论家和读者与19世纪60年代的某种类型的女性联系在一起(“shestidesyatnitsi”——“19世纪60年代的女性”)。然而，苏斯洛娃19世纪60年代的日记和信件，她与同时代人的关系，以及她最终成为陀思妥耶夫斯基文学人物的原型(这些人物与19世纪60年代的人完全不同)的事实，使得多利宁的说法值得争议。这篇文章的作者一方面同意，apolinariia Suslova赞同19世纪60年代俄国知识分子的典型观点。另一方面，在当时的社会氛围中，她更像是一个独特的人物。她的世界观，极端的性格，非常强烈的反思(通常不是典型的raznochintsi) -所有这些都使Apollinariia Suslova在19世纪60年代的“新人”中脱颖而出。
{"title":"To the portrait of Apollinariia Suslova: changing the perception","authors":"N. Kapustin","doi":"10.21064/winrs.2022.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21064/winrs.2022.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Apollinariia Suslova is mostly famous as the strongest passion of Fyodor Dostoevsky as well as the prototype of his female literary characters. She is also known for her difficult relations with her husband Vasiliy V. Rozanov. But the personality of Suslova is interesting not only because of her connection with two geniuses of the Russian literary world. Arkadiy S. Dolinin, Suslov’s first biographer, called her “the most typical representative of her time”. Since then, from the 1920s, Apollinariia was associated by the critics and readers with a certain type of women in the 1860s (“shestidesyatnitsi” — “women of the 1860s”). However, Suslova’s diary and letters of the 1860s, her relations with the contemporaries, and at last, the fact that she served as a prototype of Dostoevsky’s literary characters (who are in no way similar to the people of the 1860s) make Dolinin’s statement debatable. The author of the given article agrees, on the one hand, that Apolinnariia Suslova shared the views typical for Russian intelligentsia of the 1860s. On the other hand, she was more of a unique figure in the social atmosphere of that time. Her worldview, extremes of character, very strong reflection (as a rule not typical for raznochintsi) — all that distuinguishes Apollinariia Suslova among the “new people” of the 1860s.","PeriodicalId":53435,"journal":{"name":"Woman in Russian Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42227457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article, drawing on a wide range of archival documents and various sources, examines the formation of a general system for the protection of mothers and babies in the autonomous Bashkir republic in the 1920s. It examines the measures taken by local authorities to protect and promote the health of children, women-mothers in the difficult conditions of that time. For the first time, the influence of objective and subjective factors on the organization of the institutions of this system, the implementation of the assigned tasks and the implementation of the necessary work in this area is shown. A significant role in this matter was played by women’s activists — employees of the department for work among women organized under the regional committee of the party (zhenotdel). The author, when analyzing the work carried out by them in this direction, pays special attention to the difficulties that arose, omissions, miscalculations, and the reaction of the female population to innovations in this area. The article raises many questions of the topic under study, which in modern conditions are relevant.
{"title":"Protection of maternity and infancy in Soviet Russia of the 1920s: regional experience","authors":"R. Suleimanova","doi":"10.21064/winrs.2022.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21064/winrs.2022.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"The article, drawing on a wide range of archival documents and various sources, examines the formation of a general system for the protection of mothers and babies in the autonomous Bashkir republic in the 1920s. It examines the measures taken by local authorities to protect and promote the health of children, women-mothers in the difficult conditions of that time. For the first time, the influence of objective and subjective factors on the organization of the institutions of this system, the implementation of the assigned tasks and the implementation of the necessary work in this area is shown. A significant role in this matter was played by women’s activists — employees of the department for work among women organized under the regional committee of the party (zhenotdel). The author, when analyzing the work carried out by them in this direction, pays special attention to the difficulties that arose, omissions, miscalculations, and the reaction of the female population to innovations in this area. The article raises many questions of the topic under study, which in modern conditions are relevant.","PeriodicalId":53435,"journal":{"name":"Woman in Russian Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46650301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The evolution of women’s issues in Russian society (1900—2020)","authors":"Olga Khasbulatova, Inna Smirnova","doi":"10.21064/winrs.2022.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21064/winrs.2022.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53435,"journal":{"name":"Woman in Russian Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43067111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The coronavirus pandemic and the self-isolation measures introduced to combat it have led to the actualization of discussions related to the problem of domestic violence. In this article, we analyze international research results on the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on intimate partner violence. The review focuses on three main issues. First, we consider what methods can be used to measure the scale of the problem and draw conclusions about the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Second, we analyze estimates of the scale of the increase in domestic violence due to the pandemic, which can be obtained using various methods. In general, international studies suggest that a lockdown aimed at combating the pandemic leads to an increase in domestic violence. However, the scale of this effect varies significantly between cities and regions of the same country and between different countries. The heterogeneity of the obtained effects indicates the influence of many socio-economic, political, and cultural factors that require additional research. Third, we review the factors explaining the increase in domestic violence: isolation due to lockdown, job loss and economic hardship, psychological problems, etc.
{"title":"The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on domestic violence: review of international research","authors":"A. Kazun","doi":"10.21064/winrs.2022.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21064/winrs.2022.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus pandemic and the self-isolation measures introduced to combat it have led to the actualization of discussions related to the problem of domestic violence. In this article, we analyze international research results on the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on intimate partner violence. The review focuses on three main issues. First, we consider what methods can be used to measure the scale of the problem and draw conclusions about the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Second, we analyze estimates of the scale of the increase in domestic violence due to the pandemic, which can be obtained using various methods. In general, international studies suggest that a lockdown aimed at combating the pandemic leads to an increase in domestic violence. However, the scale of this effect varies significantly between cities and regions of the same country and between different countries. The heterogeneity of the obtained effects indicates the influence of many socio-economic, political, and cultural factors that require additional research. Third, we review the factors explaining the increase in domestic violence: isolation due to lockdown, job loss and economic hardship, psychological problems, etc.","PeriodicalId":53435,"journal":{"name":"Woman in Russian Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43741036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"State policy towards a young family: expert review","authors":"T. Rostovskaya, E. Knyazkova","doi":"10.21064/winrs.2022.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21064/winrs.2022.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53435,"journal":{"name":"Woman in Russian Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47079808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Content analysis of the feminist Internet communities of Ingushetia: topics and issues","authors":"M. Gabaraeva","doi":"10.21064/winrs.2021.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21064/winrs.2021.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53435,"journal":{"name":"Woman in Russian Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47699368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article, conceptually based on the paradigm of social time modus, the theory of gender equality and institutionalism, considers the development of science as a type of activity, a social process and an extra-economic factor that determines the behavior of an individual, his choice and preferences in the scientific sphere of life, depending on the gender characteristic that affects the personality behavior in this sphere. The evolutionary process of cognition of the surrounding reality is analyzed as the evolution of the development of science and the historical contribution of talented women of different eras to its development. A gallery of Top 10 women is built, who entered the history of science by making scientific discoveries and becoming pioneers in ten branches of scientific knowledge. A comparative analysis of the gender structure of those employed in modern world and domestic science, their gender differentiation is given. Gender peculiarities of choice and motivation of forms and directions of integration of women into scientific activity are revealed as a form of creative self-realization of personality and development of gender equality. The problematic issues of the development of a “new gender strategy” are raised by the followers of the scientific school “Gender and Economic Sociology”.
{"title":"Science as a sphere of self-realization of women and the socio-gender potential of its development","authors":"G. Sillaste","doi":"10.21064/winrs.2021.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21064/winrs.2021.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"The article, conceptually based on the paradigm of social time modus, the theory of gender equality and institutionalism, considers the development of science as a type of activity, a social process and an extra-economic factor that determines the behavior of an individual, his choice and preferences in the scientific sphere of life, depending on the gender characteristic that affects the personality behavior in this sphere. The evolutionary process of cognition of the surrounding reality is analyzed as the evolution of the development of science and the historical contribution of talented women of different eras to its development. A gallery of Top 10 women is built, who entered the history of science by making scientific discoveries and becoming pioneers in ten branches of scientific knowledge. A comparative analysis of the gender structure of those employed in modern world and domestic science, their gender differentiation is given. Gender peculiarities of choice and motivation of forms and directions of integration of women into scientific activity are revealed as a form of creative self-realization of personality and development of gender equality. The problematic issues of the development of a “new gender strategy” are raised by the followers of the scientific school “Gender and Economic Sociology”.","PeriodicalId":53435,"journal":{"name":"Woman in Russian Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47962205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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