Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.1108/jefas-11-2021-0232
Thabo J. Gopane
Purpose This study examines the impact of regional economic integration (REI) on stock market linkages in the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) economic bloc. In this type of study, the BRICS framework is an appealing empirical case, given its uncommon characteristics. For example, BRICS member states come from remote geographic locations (Africa, Asia, Europe and South America) and have contrasting socioeconomic profiles. Design/methodology/approach An empirical design is framed from the perspective of bilateral trade between South Africa and BRIC. The author accepts trade intensity as a proxy of regional economic integration and then examines the resulting effect on the stock market co-movement within BRIC. The study applies a two-step econometric procedure of the BEKK-MGARCH and panel data models. Findings Overall, bilateral trade, as a proxy of economic inwctegration, is associated with an increase in stock market integration. This positive relationship is particularly observed during episodes of surplus trade, and more interestingly, was initiated three years after BRICS’ existence and continues to grow at an increasing rate. Practical implications The study outcome should benefit international trade practitioners and global investors interested in portfolio diversification or concerned with risk spillovers. Originality/value First, notwithstanding South Africa's significant economic presence in the African continent, to the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to empirically evaluate the BRICS economic integration on their stock market linkages from the perspective of South Africa. The value of this contribution is that further work may investigate the bidirectional spillover impact conveyed by South Africa's trade interactions within the juxtaposition of Africa and BRICS economies. Second, given that research on REI and stock market integration has historically concentrated on mature regional blocs of Europe, Asia, South and North America, the current study advances knowledge while correcting the prevailing literature imbalance.
{"title":"Economic integration and stock market linkages: evidence from South Africa and BRIC","authors":"Thabo J. Gopane","doi":"10.1108/jefas-11-2021-0232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jefas-11-2021-0232","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose This study examines the impact of regional economic integration (REI) on stock market linkages in the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) economic bloc. In this type of study, the BRICS framework is an appealing empirical case, given its uncommon characteristics. For example, BRICS member states come from remote geographic locations (Africa, Asia, Europe and South America) and have contrasting socioeconomic profiles. Design/methodology/approach An empirical design is framed from the perspective of bilateral trade between South Africa and BRIC. The author accepts trade intensity as a proxy of regional economic integration and then examines the resulting effect on the stock market co-movement within BRIC. The study applies a two-step econometric procedure of the BEKK-MGARCH and panel data models. Findings Overall, bilateral trade, as a proxy of economic inwctegration, is associated with an increase in stock market integration. This positive relationship is particularly observed during episodes of surplus trade, and more interestingly, was initiated three years after BRICS’ existence and continues to grow at an increasing rate. Practical implications The study outcome should benefit international trade practitioners and global investors interested in portfolio diversification or concerned with risk spillovers. Originality/value First, notwithstanding South Africa's significant economic presence in the African continent, to the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to empirically evaluate the BRICS economic integration on their stock market linkages from the perspective of South Africa. The value of this contribution is that further work may investigate the bidirectional spillover impact conveyed by South Africa's trade interactions within the juxtaposition of Africa and BRICS economies. Second, given that research on REI and stock market integration has historically concentrated on mature regional blocs of Europe, Asia, South and North America, the current study advances knowledge while correcting the prevailing literature imbalance.","PeriodicalId":53491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135584192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.1108/jefas-12-2021-0267
Efraín Medina-Álvarez, Patricia S. Sánchez-Medina
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between different types of organizational culture (hierarchical, clan or group, market or rational and adhocratic) and sustainability through three dimensions (economic, environmental and social) in ecotourism businesses in Oaxaca and Chiapas, Mexico. Design/methodology/approach In this research 80 questionnaires were administered in the form of face-to-face interviews to ecotourism business owners'. Through a discriminant analysis and the theoretical support of the competing values framework (CVF), the prevailing types of culture were identified, and their influence was analysed through a regression analysis. Findings The results show that ecotourism businesses which are driven by hierarchical culture tend to have a greater focus on economic sustainability, while those businesses with a market or rational culture show a positive and significant influence on environmental sustainability. Likewise, businesses with adhocratic culture achieve sustainability holistically; however, the data reveal that clan or group culture is not associated with social sustainability. Originality/value This study offers empirical research that explains the relationship between organizational culture and sustainability. Additionally, it contributes to the study of environmental management issues in the ecotourism sector.
{"title":"Types of organizational culture and sustainability in ecotourism businesses in southern Mexico","authors":"Efraín Medina-Álvarez, Patricia S. Sánchez-Medina","doi":"10.1108/jefas-12-2021-0267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jefas-12-2021-0267","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between different types of organizational culture (hierarchical, clan or group, market or rational and adhocratic) and sustainability through three dimensions (economic, environmental and social) in ecotourism businesses in Oaxaca and Chiapas, Mexico. Design/methodology/approach In this research 80 questionnaires were administered in the form of face-to-face interviews to ecotourism business owners'. Through a discriminant analysis and the theoretical support of the competing values framework (CVF), the prevailing types of culture were identified, and their influence was analysed through a regression analysis. Findings The results show that ecotourism businesses which are driven by hierarchical culture tend to have a greater focus on economic sustainability, while those businesses with a market or rational culture show a positive and significant influence on environmental sustainability. Likewise, businesses with adhocratic culture achieve sustainability holistically; however, the data reveal that clan or group culture is not associated with social sustainability. Originality/value This study offers empirical research that explains the relationship between organizational culture and sustainability. Additionally, it contributes to the study of environmental management issues in the ecotourism sector.","PeriodicalId":53491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135584453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.1108/jefas-01-2023-0021
Justin G. Davis, Miguel García-Cestona
Purpose As the influence of institutional investors over managerial decision-making grows, so does the importance of understanding the effect of institutional investor ownership (IO) on firm outcomes. The authors take a comprehensive approach to studying the effect of IO on earnings management (EM). Design/methodology/approach The authors study the relation between IO and EM using a sample of 59,503 listed U.S. firm-year observations from 1981–2019. The authors proxy EM with earnings surprises and with accrual-based and real activity measures. The authors test for nonlinear relations and analyze changes resulting from the passage of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act. Findings The findings support a positive IO-EM relation overall, but show that the relation is dynamic and heavily context-dependent with evidence of nonlinearity. The authors also find evidence that IO positively affects accrual-based EM and real activities EM negatively. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study of the IO-EM relation to consider evidence of nonlinearity in the U.S. context, measuring changes to the relation over time, and with the use of several measures of EM.
{"title":"Institutional ownership, earnings management and earnings surprises: evidence from 39 years of U.S. data","authors":"Justin G. Davis, Miguel García-Cestona","doi":"10.1108/jefas-01-2023-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jefas-01-2023-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose As the influence of institutional investors over managerial decision-making grows, so does the importance of understanding the effect of institutional investor ownership (IO) on firm outcomes. The authors take a comprehensive approach to studying the effect of IO on earnings management (EM). Design/methodology/approach The authors study the relation between IO and EM using a sample of 59,503 listed U.S. firm-year observations from 1981–2019. The authors proxy EM with earnings surprises and with accrual-based and real activity measures. The authors test for nonlinear relations and analyze changes resulting from the passage of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act. Findings The findings support a positive IO-EM relation overall, but show that the relation is dynamic and heavily context-dependent with evidence of nonlinearity. The authors also find evidence that IO positively affects accrual-based EM and real activities EM negatively. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study of the IO-EM relation to consider evidence of nonlinearity in the U.S. context, measuring changes to the relation over time, and with the use of several measures of EM.","PeriodicalId":53491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135585246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.1108/jefas-12-2021-0257
Mohammad Tayeh, Rafe’ Mustafa, Adel Bino
Purpose This study investigated the impact of corporate ownership structure on agency costs in the insurance industry. Design/methodology/approach The study sample included 23 insurance companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) from 2010 to 2019. Panel regression was used to account for the firm- and time-specific unobservable variables and system-GMM estimation was used to address endogeneity concerns. Findings The results show that managerial ownership positively (negatively) affects selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses (assets turnover), implying that unmonitored managers engage in activities that serve their own interests rather than those of shareholders. The largest shareholder's ownership has no impact on agency costs, implying that the ownership of the largest shareholder is irrelevant. However, as the wedge between the percentage of capital owned by the largest shareholders and managers increases, SG&A expenses (efficiency ratio) decrease (increases), indicating that the existence of large non-management shareholders reduces agency costs. After accounting for the endogeneity problem, the impact of ownership structure on agency costs measured by asset turnover remains robust. Originality/value To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to provide unique evidence and useful insights into the determinants of agency costs from a frontier market in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), with a focus on the insurance sector. Additionally, this study uses a new measure of separation between ownership and control by calculating the wedge between managers' and large shareholders' ownership.
{"title":"Ownership structure and agency costs: evidence from the insurance industry in Jordan","authors":"Mohammad Tayeh, Rafe’ Mustafa, Adel Bino","doi":"10.1108/jefas-12-2021-0257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jefas-12-2021-0257","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose This study investigated the impact of corporate ownership structure on agency costs in the insurance industry. Design/methodology/approach The study sample included 23 insurance companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) from 2010 to 2019. Panel regression was used to account for the firm- and time-specific unobservable variables and system-GMM estimation was used to address endogeneity concerns. Findings The results show that managerial ownership positively (negatively) affects selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses (assets turnover), implying that unmonitored managers engage in activities that serve their own interests rather than those of shareholders. The largest shareholder's ownership has no impact on agency costs, implying that the ownership of the largest shareholder is irrelevant. However, as the wedge between the percentage of capital owned by the largest shareholders and managers increases, SG&A expenses (efficiency ratio) decrease (increases), indicating that the existence of large non-management shareholders reduces agency costs. After accounting for the endogeneity problem, the impact of ownership structure on agency costs measured by asset turnover remains robust. Originality/value To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to provide unique evidence and useful insights into the determinants of agency costs from a frontier market in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), with a focus on the insurance sector. Additionally, this study uses a new measure of separation between ownership and control by calculating the wedge between managers' and large shareholders' ownership.","PeriodicalId":53491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135584441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-03DOI: 10.1108/jefas-01-2022-0007
Bruno Uekane Okumura, Tabajara Pimenta Júnior, Márcia Mitie Durante Maemura, Luiz Eduardo Gaio, Rafael Confetti Gatsios
Purpose This study aims to investigate the occurrence of the decoy effect in stock investment decisions based on fundamental analysis. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the decoy effect was investigated by applying two questionnaires, one of them with the presence of a decoy alternative, to a set of 224 respondents with knowledge of business fundamentals, simulating investment decisions in stocks of companies listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange. The data analysis was performed using the Fisher's exact test, Student's t -test and ANOVA. The research also aimed to detect a potential relationship between the variables gender, age, degree and professional experience with the type of decision made. Findings The results pointed to the occurrence of the decoy effect when analysing the general response data. However, such evidence was not confirmed when the sample was analysed by classes (gender, course, age and professional experience). There is no statistical evidence that the decoy effect influences classes. Originality/value The recent decoy effect literature is little explored in investment decision-making. This study is unique in examining the decoy effect in investment decisions in the Brazilian context.
{"title":"Behavioural finance: the decoy effect on stock investment decisions","authors":"Bruno Uekane Okumura, Tabajara Pimenta Júnior, Márcia Mitie Durante Maemura, Luiz Eduardo Gaio, Rafael Confetti Gatsios","doi":"10.1108/jefas-01-2022-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jefas-01-2022-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose This study aims to investigate the occurrence of the decoy effect in stock investment decisions based on fundamental analysis. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the decoy effect was investigated by applying two questionnaires, one of them with the presence of a decoy alternative, to a set of 224 respondents with knowledge of business fundamentals, simulating investment decisions in stocks of companies listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange. The data analysis was performed using the Fisher's exact test, Student's t -test and ANOVA. The research also aimed to detect a potential relationship between the variables gender, age, degree and professional experience with the type of decision made. Findings The results pointed to the occurrence of the decoy effect when analysing the general response data. However, such evidence was not confirmed when the sample was analysed by classes (gender, course, age and professional experience). There is no statistical evidence that the decoy effect influences classes. Originality/value The recent decoy effect literature is little explored in investment decision-making. This study is unique in examining the decoy effect in investment decisions in the Brazilian context.","PeriodicalId":53491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135775431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study investigates the causal flow between government tax revenue and economic growth in Ghana using time series data from 1970-2021. The study employs the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test approach and Granger Causality test to investigate the long run and short run relationship between government tax revenue and economic growth. Findings of this study indicated that there is significant correlation between total tax revenue and economic growth with 87% speed of adjustment in the short run towards equilibrium level in the long run. Empirically, the analysis also indicates the evidence of long run equilibrium correlation. Thus, the Granger Causality test indicated positive and statistically significant unidirectional causal flow from tax revenue to economic growth. Based on the findings, the policy makers should consider the tax revenue-led growth policies for effective formulation and implementation to enhance the nature of the Ghanaian economy. Hence, to curb the persistent budget deficit, the outlook is that policymakers should employ efficient, ideal and buoyant tax system which would then bring substantial increase in gross tax revenue of the government leading to optimum mobilization of resources for higher economic growth in Ghana. This can only be sustained via efficient allocation of the tax revenue collected to productive sectors and similarly using the distributive principle through societal welfare maximization. Efficient tax regulation system has to be adopted to mitigate the issue of tax evasion, especially among firms and corporate entities. Also, tax rates should be frequently revised to avoid discouraging investments.
{"title":"Long-Run and Short-Run Causality between Government Tax Revenue and Economic Growth in Ghana","authors":"Godfred Nyamadi","doi":"10.12691/jfe-11-3-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/jfe-11-3-5","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigates the causal flow between government tax revenue and economic growth in Ghana using time series data from 1970-2021. The study employs the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test approach and Granger Causality test to investigate the long run and short run relationship between government tax revenue and economic growth. Findings of this study indicated that there is significant correlation between total tax revenue and economic growth with 87% speed of adjustment in the short run towards equilibrium level in the long run. Empirically, the analysis also indicates the evidence of long run equilibrium correlation. Thus, the Granger Causality test indicated positive and statistically significant unidirectional causal flow from tax revenue to economic growth. Based on the findings, the policy makers should consider the tax revenue-led growth policies for effective formulation and implementation to enhance the nature of the Ghanaian economy. Hence, to curb the persistent budget deficit, the outlook is that policymakers should employ efficient, ideal and buoyant tax system which would then bring substantial increase in gross tax revenue of the government leading to optimum mobilization of resources for higher economic growth in Ghana. This can only be sustained via efficient allocation of the tax revenue collected to productive sectors and similarly using the distributive principle through societal welfare maximization. Efficient tax regulation system has to be adopted to mitigate the issue of tax evasion, especially among firms and corporate entities. Also, tax rates should be frequently revised to avoid discouraging investments.","PeriodicalId":53491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.1108/jefas-04-2023-332
Nestor U. Salcedo, Samuel Mongrut
{"title":"Editorial: 60th anniversary of the foundation of ESAN and first special section on business economics in Ibero-America","authors":"Nestor U. Salcedo, Samuel Mongrut","doi":"10.1108/jefas-04-2023-332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jefas-04-2023-332","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83830091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corporate Governance, Institutional Quality, and Firm Performance: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Oil & Gas Sector","authors":"Akinbola Olawale, Ezeala Obinna","doi":"10.12691/jfe-11-3-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/jfe-11-3-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79620872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Empirical Analysis of Capital Structure, Liquidity and Banking Sector Performance in Nigeria (2011-2021)","authors":"Akinbola Olawale, Ezeala Obinna","doi":"10.12691/jfe-11-3-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/jfe-11-3-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87289836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Determining Factors of Financial Performance of Tourism Companies from Romania – Comparisons with the Pandemic Period","authors":"Adriana-Nicoleta Cârlan (Tămaș)","doi":"10.12691/jfe-11-3-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/jfe-11-3-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87889305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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