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How a Novel Stock Valuation Model Outperforms Traditional Models in Information Efficiency: Implications for Shareholders and Regulators 一个新的股票估值模型如何在信息效率上优于传统模型:对股东和监管者的启示
IF 2.4 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.12691/jfe-11-2-5
Mohamad Saad
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引用次数: 1
Which Members of OECD are Inactive or Laissez-Faire at Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions 哪些经合组织成员在减少温室气体排放方面不积极或放任
IF 2.4 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.12691/jfe-11-2-3
Ai-Chi Hsu, Po-Yuan Shih, Ting-Wei Wu
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引用次数: 0
Determinants of Shareholders’ Value Creation in the Listed Egyptian Commercial Banks (2012-2021) 埃及上市商业银行股东价值创造的决定因素(2012-2021)
IF 2.4 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.12691/jfe-11-2-4
Mona Khalil Mohamed Ahmed Nawary, Dr. Hussien Seoudy, Dr. Mona Kadry
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引用次数: 0
Empirical study on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and brand image with loyalty to a movie theater company in Mexico 墨西哥某影院企业社会责任与品牌形象与忠诚度关系的实证研究
IF 2.4 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.29057/jas.v5i9.9830
Juan Gabriel Figueroa Velázquez, Gerardo Martínez Cedillo, Moisés Rubén Zamora Ramos
At the beginning of the investigation, the objective was to empirically validate a model that relates corporate social responsibility (CSR) and brand image as precedents of customer loyalty to a movie theater chain in Mexico. For this, a quantitative, transversal and explanatory research will be developed. Following the non-probabilistic sampling, a questionnaire containing already validated scales was integrated and supplied through the Google Forms application, reaching a total of 252 valid questionnaires, whose informants were mostly young people between 15 and 24 years old. The objective was achieved using the structural equation modeling technique and using Stata software, the measurement model was verified, in which the constructs used met the reliability and convergent validity requirements. Likewise, the structural model showed an acceptable fit. The results of the model showed that there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between CSR and brand identity with customer loyalty, with which the two hypotheses raised found support.
在调查开始时,目的是实证验证一个模型,该模型将企业社会责任(CSR)和品牌形象作为客户对墨西哥一家连锁电影院忠诚度的先例。为此,将开展定量、横向和解释性研究。在非概率抽样之后,通过Google Forms应用程序集成并提供包含已验证量表的问卷,有效问卷共252份,被调查者多为15 - 24岁的年轻人。采用结构方程建模技术和Stata软件对测量模型进行了验证,所使用的构式满足信度和收敛效度要求。同样,结构模型显示出可接受的拟合。模型结果显示,企业社会责任、品牌认同与顾客忠诚之间存在显著的正相关关系,这两个假设得到了支持。
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引用次数: 0
Mexican MSMEs supplier selection under a commercial and environmental approach: Case Pachuca and suburban areas 墨西哥中小微企业在商业和环境方法下的供应商选择:Case Pachuca和郊区
IF 2.4 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.29057/jas.v5i9.10512
B. G. García Hernández, Ruth Ortiz Zarco, Edgar Esaúl Vite Gómez
The selection of suppliers is a decision that contributes to the competitiveness of companies due to its impact on their costs, efficiency and innovation. The purpose of this research is to distinguish which are the criteria used by a group of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) from Hidalgo, Mexico, in order to identify the factors that influence their business and build a supplier evaluation system to guide them to carry out this process with a broader approach than the technical one. The first phase of the investigation includes the search for data from micro, small and medium-sized manufacturing companies, located in four municipalities of the state of Hidalgo, based on information provided by the National Statistical Directory of Economic Units (DENUE). The second stage consists of the application of a questionnaire among the entrepreneurs of the companies. Finally, the third stage included the analysis of the information collected.
供应商的选择是一个决定,有助于公司的竞争力,因为它的成本,效率和创新的影响。本研究的目的是区分来自墨西哥伊达尔戈的一组微型,小型和中型企业(MSMEs)所使用的标准,以确定影响其业务的因素,并建立供应商评估系统,以指导他们以比技术方法更广泛的方法开展这一过程。调查的第一阶段包括根据国家经济单位统计目录(DENUE)提供的信息,从伊达尔戈州四个市的微型、小型和中型制造公司寻找数据。第二阶段包括在公司的企业家中应用问卷。最后,第三阶段是对收集到的信息进行分析。
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引用次数: 0
Effective Sales Process 有效的销售流程
IF 2.4 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.29057/jas.v5i9.9880
Juan de Guadalupe De Leon Valdes, José de Jesús Romero Alvarez, Olga Esthela Fuentes Martínez
The sales department is the heart of any company, having sellers with the necessary skills and tools so that they can carry out their function, will have a positive impact at all levels of the organization. This article addresses issues that, both managers and the sales associates, must be present before, during and after approaching a potential client. In the sales process, the issues of the sales cycle and effective negotiation will be mentioned
销售部门是任何公司的核心,拥有销售人员必要的技能和工具,使他们能够履行他们的职能,将对组织的各个层面产生积极的影响。本文讨论了经理和销售助理在接触潜在客户之前、期间和之后必须出现的问题。在销售过程中,会提到销售周期和有效谈判的问题
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引用次数: 0
Determinants of competitiveness and productivity of Mexican SMEs and their relationship with vertical integration 墨西哥中小企业竞争力和生产率的决定因素及其与垂直一体化的关系
IF 2.4 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.29057/jas.v5i9.10601
Tirso Javier Hernández Gracia, Danae Duana Ávila, Yolanda Marysol Escorza-Sánchez
The development of a company is conditioned by its ability to be competitive and productive, however, today there are aspects of utmost importance that have become key factors to achieve this, such as technology, innovation of organizational processes, the ability to market their products and enter new markets, as well as offering a higher quality of them. The strategies to achieve this are vertical integration, distribution channels, sales, age and size of the company, which become part of globalization and its implications in the competitive market, generating a higher growth and productivity level. The objective of this study was to identify the factors that determine the competitiveness of the textile and apparel industry of Mexican companies. This process was carried out by means of the Bivariate statistical method, and a significant correlation was found with the characteristics of the company, marketing channels, percentage of sales and its relationship with vertical integration.
公司的发展取决于其竞争力和生产力的能力,然而,今天有一些最重要的方面已经成为实现这一目标的关键因素,例如技术,组织过程的创新,销售产品和进入新市场的能力,以及提供更高质量的产品。实现这一目标的策略是垂直整合、分销渠道、销售、年龄和公司规模,这些都成为全球化及其在竞争市场中的影响的一部分,从而产生更高的增长和生产力水平。本研究的目的是确定决定墨西哥公司的纺织和服装业的竞争力的因素。该过程通过双变量统计方法进行,发现与公司特征、营销渠道、销售百分比及其与垂直整合的关系存在显著相关。
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引用次数: 0
Airports’ public infrastructure and sources of inefficiency 机场的公共基础设施和效率低下的根源
IF 2.4 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-06-19 DOI: 10.1108/jefas-12-2021-0269
Ane Elixabete Ripoll-Zarraga
PurposeThe Spanish airport system contains several regional airports within an amenity distance and alternative travel modes. Profitable airports cross-subsidise small airports, which are not required for regional development or connectivity. Airports are government-owned and centralised-managed by Spanish Airports and Air Navigation (AENA, for its Spanish acronym). This study aims to analyse the probability of an under-used public infrastructure and the AENA’s managerial ability as per the financial sustainability of the network in the long term.Design/methodology/approachThe national regulatory framework determines the airports’ environment. Six airports revealed unobserved heterogeneity, avoiding model misspecification. The framework is defined through proxies of the singularities of the Spanish framework: public investments and geographical specifications. The stochastic frontier analysis model follows two time-varying specifications, accounting for airports’ environmental factors, to ensure the robustness of the results to differ from the inefficiency caused by AENA and external factors.FindingsAirports’ infrastructure capacity and traffic are not correlated; regional airports become a financial burden for the system unless they specialise or differentiate. Proxies defining the airports’ context are relevant. Because airports do not compete for airlines and passengers, there are too many regional airports with little traffic, resulting in disused public infrastructure that falls far short of improving connectivity and regional development.Originality/valueThis study contributes to paying attention to the characteristics of the regulatory framework, such as management strongly centralised in AENA, airport charges decided by the owner, lack of competition and lack of an independent regulatory entity. Another original contribution considers reliable capital measures (airports’ infrastructure).
目的西班牙机场系统包含几个区域机场,在一个舒适的距离和可选择的旅行方式。盈利的机场会对小型机场进行交叉补贴,而小型机场不是区域发展或连通性所必需的。机场由政府所有,并由西班牙机场和空中导航(AENA,西班牙语首字母缩写)集中管理。本研究旨在分析未充分利用的公共基础设施的可能性和AENA的管理能力,根据网络的长期财务可持续性。设计/方法/方法国家监管框架决定了机场的环境。六个机场显示了未观察到的异质性,避免了模型的错误规范。该框架是通过代表西班牙框架的独特性来定义的:公共投资和地理规范。随机前沿分析模型遵循两个时变规范,考虑了机场的环境因素,以确保结果的稳健性,区别于AENA和外部因素造成的低效率。发现机场的基础设施容量和客流量不相关;地区性机场除非专业化或差异化,否则会成为整个系统的财政负担。定义机场上下文的代理是相关的。由于机场不竞争航空公司和乘客,区域机场太多,客流量少,导致公共基础设施被废弃,远远不能改善连通性和区域发展。独创性/价值本研究有助于关注监管框架的特点,例如AENA的管理高度集中,机场收费由所有者决定,缺乏竞争和缺乏独立的监管实体。另一个原始贡献是考虑可靠的资本措施(机场基础设施)。
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引用次数: 2
A recent review on optimisation methods applied to credit scoring models 信用评分模型的优化方法综述
IF 2.4 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.1108/jefas-09-2021-0193
Elias Shohei Kamimura, Anderson Rogério Faia Pinto, M. S. Nagano
PurposeThis paper aims to present a literature review of the most recent optimisation methods applied to Credit Scoring Models (CSMs).Design/methodology/approachThe research methodology employed technical procedures based on bibliographic and exploratory analyses. A traditional investigation was carried out using the Scopus, ScienceDirect and Web of Science databases. The papers selection and classification took place in three steps considering only studies in English language and published in electronic journals (from 2008 to 2022). The investigation led up to the selection of 46 publications (10 presenting literature reviews and 36 proposing CSMs).FindingsThe findings showed that CSMs are usually formulated using Financial Analysis, Machine Learning, Statistical Techniques, Operational Research and Data Mining Algorithms. The main databases used by the researchers were banks and the University of California, Irvine. The analyses identified 48 methods used by CSMs, the main ones being: Logistic Regression (13%), Naive Bayes (10%) and Artificial Neural Networks (7%). The authors conclude that advances in credit score studies will require new hybrid approaches capable of integrating Big Data and Deep Learning algorithms into CSMs. These algorithms should have practical issues considered consider practical issues for improving the level of adaptation and performance demanded for the CSMs.Practical implicationsThe results of this study might provide considerable practical implications for the application of CSMs. As it was aimed to demonstrate the application of optimisation methods, it is highly considerable that legal and ethical issues should be better adapted to CSMs. It is also suggested improvement of studies focused on micro and small companies for sales in instalment plans and commercial credit through the improvement or new CSMs.Originality/valueThe economic reality surrounding credit granting has made risk management a complex decision-making issue increasingly supported by CSMs. Therefore, this paper satisfies an important gap in the literature to present an analysis of recent advances in optimisation methods applied to CSMs. The main contribution of this paper consists of presenting the evolution of the state of the art and future trends in studies aimed at proposing better CSMs.
目的本文旨在介绍最新的优化方法应用于信用评分模型(csm)的文献综述。设计/方法/方法研究方法采用了基于文献和探索性分析的技术程序。使用Scopus、ScienceDirect和Web of Science数据库进行传统调查。论文的选择和分类分三步进行,仅考虑英语研究和发表在电子期刊上(从2008年到2022年)。该调查最终选择了46份出版物(10份文献综述,36份建议csm)。研究结果表明,csm通常使用财务分析、机器学习、统计技术、运筹学和数据挖掘算法来制定。研究人员使用的主要数据库是银行和加州大学欧文分校。分析确定了csm使用的48种方法,主要是:逻辑回归(13%),朴素贝叶斯(10%)和人工神经网络(7%)。作者得出结论,信用评分研究的进步将需要新的混合方法,能够将大数据和深度学习算法集成到csm中。这些算法应考虑实际问题,考虑提高csm所需的适应水平和性能的实际问题。实际意义本研究的结果可能为csm的应用提供相当大的实际意义。由于其目的是展示优化方法的应用,法律和伦理问题应该更好地适应csm,这是非常可观的。还建议通过改进新的客户服务管理体系,改进以微型和小型公司为重点的分期付款销售计划和商业信贷研究。原创性/价值授信的经济现实使得风险管理成为一个复杂的决策问题,越来越多地得到csm的支持。因此,本文满足了文献中的一个重要差距,以介绍应用于csm的优化方法的最新进展的分析。本文的主要贡献包括介绍了旨在提出更好的csm的研究的最新进展和未来趋势。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Breadth of Ownership on Stock Performance for Firms Listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya 持股广度对肯尼亚内罗毕证券交易所上市公司股票绩效的影响
IF 2.4 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.12691/jfe-11-2-2
Timothy Juma Okello, Z. Onsomu
The study sought to determine the effect of breadth of ownership on stock performance of firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE), Kenya. In this research, descriptive research design was used and the population of the study was 63 firms that were listed as at 31 st December 2019. However, only listed firms that had consistently traded during the period of study were considered. As such, only 47 companies qualified to be in the study. Yearly data for five years (December 2015 to December 2019) was collected and analyzed. Results showed that the adjusted R-Square was 0.197 which indicated that 19.7% of variance in stock performance of firms that are quoted at the NSE are explained by breadth of ownership and the control variables (size and dividend). The F – statistic was 0.006 (<5%) which implied that breadth of ownership, firm size and dividend policy collectively significantly influence stock performance for companies that are listed at the NSE. Results from the regression analysis showed that breadth of ownership (P-value=0.048) and firm size which was a control variable had a significant relationship with performance of stock at 5% significance level (p-value = 0.001) Dividend policy (control variable) had a positive but insignificant relationship with stock performance at 5% significance level. A negative association between size of company (control variable) and stock performance of listed firms at the NSE was evidenced. The study recommends that firms with a higher number of shareholders continue increasing their shareholders as it has been established that firms with many shareholders have higher stock performance. Further, the study recommends the listed firms should take into consideration the company size as it negatively affects performance. The study recommends that listed firms should increase their dividend payout since dividends are used as benchmarks for the degree of expected future growth. The study suggests that further research should be done in stock markets across the East African region to enable comparison of results and generalization of the findings.
该研究试图确定在肯尼亚内罗毕证券交易所(NSE)上市的公司的股票业绩的广度所有权的影响。在本研究中,采用描述性研究设计,研究对象为截至2019年12月31日上市的63家公司。然而,仅考虑在研究期间持续交易的上市公司。因此,只有47家公司有资格参与这项研究。收集并分析了5年(2015年12月至2019年12月)的年度数据。结果表明,调整后的r平方为0.197,这表明在NSE上市的公司股票表现的19.7%的方差是由所有权广度和控制变量(规模和股息)解释的。F -统计量为0.006(<5%),这意味着所有权广度、公司规模和股息政策共同显著影响在NSE上市的公司的股票表现。回归分析结果显示,持股宽度(p值=0.048)和公司规模(p值= 0.001)作为控制变量与股票业绩在5%显著水平上存在显著关系(p值= 0.001),股利政策(控制变量)与股票业绩在5%显著水平上存在显著关系。公司规模(控制变量)与NSE上市公司的股票绩效之间存在负相关关系。该研究建议,拥有更多股东的公司应继续增加其股东,因为已经确定拥有更多股东的公司具有更高的股票绩效。此外,研究建议上市公司应考虑公司规模,因为它会对业绩产生负面影响。研究建议上市公司应增加股息支付,因为股息是衡量预期未来增长程度的基准。该研究表明,应该在整个东非地区的股票市场进行进一步的研究,以便对结果进行比较并推广研究结果。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science
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