Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications最新文献

英文中文

HIF1A contributes to the survival of aneuploid and mosaic pre-implantation embryos. HIF1A有助于非整倍体和马赛克植入前胚胎的存活。

Q3 Engineering

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.04.556218

Estefania Sanchez-Vasquez, Marianne E Bronner, Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz

Human fertility is suboptimal, partly due to error-prone divisions in early cleavage-stages that result in aneuploidy. Most human pre-implantation are mosaics of euploid and aneuploid cells, however, mosaic embryos with a low proportion of aneuploid cells have a similar likelihood of developing to term as fully euploid embryos. How embryos manage aneuploidy during development is poorly understood. This knowledge is crucial for improving fertility treatments and reducing developmental defects. To explore these mechanisms, we established a new mouse model of chromosome mosaicism to study the fate of aneuploid cells during pre-implantation development. We previously used the Mps1 inhibitor reversine to generate aneuploidy in embryos. Here, we found that treatment with the more specific Mps1 inhibitor AZ3146 induced chromosome segregation defects in pre-implantation embryos, similar to reversine. However, AZ3146-treated embryos showed a higher developmental potential than reversine-treated embryos. Unlike reversine-treated embryos, AZ3146-treated embryos exhibited transient upregulation of Hypoxia Inducible-Factor-1A (HIF1A) and lacked p53 upregulation. Pre-implantation embryos develop in a hypoxic environment in vivo, and hypoxia exposure in vitro reduced DNA damage in response to Mps1 inhibition and increased the proportion of euploid cells in the mosaic epiblast. Inhibiting HIF1A in mosaic embryos also decreased the proportion of aneuploid cells in mosaic embryos. Our work illuminates potential strategies to improve the developmental potential of mosaic embryos.

人类的生育能力并不理想，部分原因是早期分裂阶段的分裂容易出错，导致非整倍体。然而，非整倍体细胞比例较低的镶嵌胚胎发育到足月的可能性与完全整倍体胚胎相似。人们对胚胎在发育过程中如何管理非整倍体还知之甚少。这些知识对于改善生育治疗和减少发育缺陷至关重要。为了探索这些机制，我们建立了一个新的染色体马赛克小鼠模型，以研究非整倍体细胞在植入前发育过程中的命运。此前，我们曾使用 Mps1 抑制剂逆转素在胚胎中产生非整倍体。在这里，我们发现使用特异性更强的 Mps1 抑制剂 AZ3146 会诱导植入前胚胎中的染色体分离缺陷，这一点与逆转录素相似。然而，AZ3146 处理过的胚胎比逆转录素处理过的胚胎显示出更高的发育潜能。与逆转录素处理的胚胎不同，AZ3146 处理的胚胎表现出缺氧诱导因子-1A（HIF1A）的短暂上调，而缺乏 p53 的上调。植入前胚胎在体内缺氧环境中发育，体外暴露于缺氧环境可减少对 Mps1 抑制反应的 DNA 损伤，并增加马赛克外胚层中单倍体细胞的比例。在马赛克胚胎中抑制HIF1A也会降低马赛克胚胎中非整倍体细胞的比例。我们的研究揭示了提高马赛克胚胎发育潜力的潜在策略。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical Analysis of Plasmonic Couplers based on Metallic Lens 基于金属透镜的等离子体耦合器数值分析

Q3 Engineering

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/2179-10742023v22i3274367

Cosme E. Rubio-Mercedes, Nilson H. O. Cunha, José P. da Silva

Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs) are evanescent surface electromagnetic waves that propagate along a dielectric-metal interface. They allow propagating modes in waveguides with dimensions smaller than the diffraction limit. By arranging slits of different widths along a metallic film, it is possible to design plasmonic lenses through phase modulation at the slits output. The distance of energy concentration, obtained by these lenses, its called focus and is of the order of one wavelength (λ). Lenses of this type allow light coming from a micrometric waveguide, such as optical fibers, for example, to be coupled to structures such as nanometric waveguides, at short distances, reducing considerably the coupling area. In this work, by using the Finite Element Method (FEM) was simulated the energy coupling between a light source and a plasmonic waveguide using plasmonic lens operating at wavelengths of 650 nm.

表面等离子激元(SPPs)是沿电介质-金属界面传播的易逝的表面电磁波。它们允许波导中的传播模式的尺寸小于衍射极限。通过沿金属膜排列不同宽度的狭缝，可以在狭缝输出处进行相位调制来设计等离子体透镜。由这些透镜获得的能量集中的距离称为焦距，其数量级为一个波长(λ)。这种类型的透镜允许来自微米波导(例如光纤)的光在短距离内与纳米波导等结构耦合，从而大大减少了耦合面积。本文采用有限元法模拟了波长为650 nm的等离子体透镜光源与等离子体波导之间的能量耦合。

引用次数: 0

Assessment of the Illumination and Communication Performance of a Visible Light System in an Indoor Scenario 室内可见光系统的照明和通信性能评估

Q3 Engineering

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/2179-10742023v22i3271533

David Esteban Farfan-Guillen, Paulo de Tarso Neves Junior, Alexandre de Almeida Prado Pohl

Visible-light communication (VLC) is a technique that employs light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodiodes to enable communication in indoor scenarios. VLC has gathered increasing attention due to its potential for data transmission across a broad unregulated spectrum (430-790 THz). One of VLC’s primary objectives is to utilize pre-existing LED infrastructures as access points. In this investigation, we assess the performance of an indoor VLC link by measuring the illumination characteristics of commercial LED luminaire. The results are utilized to design an electronic transmission and reception circuit. An analysis was conducted to identify the optimal operating point that ensures adequate lighting and reliable communication. The designed circuits exhibited a bandwidth of 50 MHz at -3 dB. Characterization of the luminaire demonstrated that a single luminaire provided the illumination (486 lx) within the recommended range at 1.6 m. For data transmission, the variable pulse position modulation (VPPM) and the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) were employed in different configurations. The bit error rate (BER) results, with a threshold of ≤ 10-3, revealed that VPPM performed best at a distance of 1.9 m with a rate of 12.5 Mbps. Conversely, OFDM modulation achieved optimal performance at 1.75 m, providing a transmission rate of 30 Mbps.

可见光通信(VLC)是一种利用发光二极管(led)和光电二极管实现室内通信的技术。VLC由于其在430- 790thz宽非规范频谱上传输数据的潜力而受到越来越多的关注。VLC的主要目标之一是利用现有的LED基础设施作为接入点。在这项调查中，我们通过测量商用LED灯具的照明特性来评估室内VLC链路的性能。利用所得结果设计了一种电子收发电路。进行了分析，以确定最佳工作点，以确保充足的照明和可靠的通信。所设计的电路在-3 dB时显示出50 MHz的带宽。灯具的特性表明，单个灯具在1.6 m的推荐范围内提供486 lx的照度。在数据传输方面，采用了不同配置的可变脉冲位置调制(VPPM)和正交频分复用(OFDM)。误码率(BER)结果显示，在阈值≤10-3的情况下，VPPM在距离为1.9 m、速率为12.5 Mbps时表现最佳。相反，OFDM调制在1.75 m处达到最佳性能，提供30 Mbps的传输速率。

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引用次数: 0

Software-Defined Radio Applied to a Shielding Effectiveness Measurement 软件无线电在屏蔽效能测量中的应用

Q3 Engineering

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/2179-10742023v22i3274047

Marcelo B. Perotoni, Stilante K. Manfrin, Vinicius F. Silva

This article describes the use of a low-cost softwaredefined radio applied to an Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) test. The proposed system is indicated for cases when an autonomous instrument is better suited, i.e., when there is no need for external signal or power connections. As a proof of concept, a metallic cavity has its shielding parameter measured, and the obtained results illustrate the kind of outputs the instrument can provide. Details concerning the hardware and software utilized are mentioned, alongside observed pitfalls and trade-offs. It is an affordable and versatile method, which can replace the traditional use of spectrum analyzers and receivers, especially in precompliance tasks.

本文介绍了应用于电磁兼容性(EMC)测试的低成本软件定义无线电的使用。建议的系统适用于更适合自主仪器的情况，即不需要外部信号或电源连接的情况。作为概念验证，测量了金属腔的屏蔽参数，得到的结果说明了该仪器可以提供的输出类型。文中还提到了所使用的硬件和软件的细节，以及观察到的缺陷和权衡。它是一种经济实惠的通用方法，可以取代传统的频谱分析仪和接收机的使用，特别是在预合规任务中。

引用次数: 0

Detection of Eyebolt Faults Using a Random Forest Ensemble Model Based on Multiple High-Frequency Electromagnetic Parameters 基于多高频电磁参数的随机森林集成模型眼螺栓故障检测

Q3 Engineering

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/2179-10742023v22i3271067

H. V. H. Silva Filho, R.G. M. dos Santos, Douglas C. P. Barbosa, M. T. de Melo, Lauro R. G. S. Lourenço Novo

This paper presents an eyebolt structural fault detection system, based on the analysis of multiple electromagnetic parameters through a random forest classifier trained by both measurements and high-fidelity simulated signals. The proposed methodology is completely noninvasive and does not require the disassembly of the electrical infrastructure, allowing the live-line working. The obtained results show that the proposed multi-parameter strategy achieves high accuracy and increases the system’s capability of detecting faults, improving the efficiency of the operator’s preventive maintenance routines and, consequently, increasing the reliability of the power supply and energy distribution systems.

本文提出了一种基于测量和高保真模拟信号训练的随机森林分类器对多种电磁参数进行分析的螺栓结构故障检测系统。所提出的方法是完全无创的，不需要拆卸电气基础设施，允许带电工作。结果表明，所提出的多参数策略达到了较高的精度，提高了系统的故障检测能力，提高了操作员预防性维护的效率，从而提高了供配电系统的可靠性。

引用次数: 0

A Study of a Silicon Quasi-Periodic Segmented Waveguide 硅准周期分段波导的研究

Q3 Engineering

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1590/2179-10742023v22i2267287

Marcos Túlio Antunes Bezerra Segundo, J. P. Silva

− This paper presents a study of a segmented waveguide where the layers are distributed following the Fibonacci sequence and aims to diminish the scattering losses usually caused by imper-fections in the core boundaries of the waveguide. This phenomenon normally happens in structures which present a high contrast between the refractive index of the core and the refractive index of the clad. The analyses were obtained through observations of wave fields that propagates along the waveguide, how the effective refractive index ( n eff ) varies along the z-direction and the study of its normalized power. The simulation of this photonic component was accomplished with the help of the Vectorial Beam Propagation Method (VBPM).

引用次数: 0

A New Theoretical Approach of Studying Resonances in Single Finline Transitions 研究单Finline跃迁谐振的一种新的理论方法

Q3 Engineering

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1590/2179-10742023v22i2270080

E. Brenna, S. Fantauzzi, L. Valletti, F. Paolo

- In this article an innovative method of studying and removing the resonances, inherently exhibit by some waveguide to microstrip transitions, is presented. By modeling an equivalent circuit, this new approach allows to obtain the constructive parameters of a finline to microstrip transition, only using the values of the resistance and capacitance components of the equivalent circuit. This procedure will allow small microwave design Companies to realize these transitions only implementing circuit analysis software, and not having to afford electromagnetic analysis software, which are very expensive and time-consuming. A full 3D electromagnetic analysis confirms that the simulation results are in excellent agreement with the results obtained by the new equations discussed in this work.

引用次数: 0

Wide Band Microstrip Patch Antenna with Enhanced Gain using FSS Structure 利用FSS结构增强增益的宽带微带贴片天线

Q3 Engineering

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1590/217910742023v22i2273333

Tapas Tewary, Smarajit Maity, Avisankar Roy, S. Bhunia

— This paper suggests a slotted ground ‘S’-shaped low profile planar microstrip patch antenna for wideband and high gain operation. The suggested antenna has physical dimensions of 𝟐𝟎𝐦𝐦 × 𝟏𝟒𝐦𝐦 × 𝟏. 𝟔𝐦𝐦 having a fractional bandwidth of 111% having the operating impedance bandwidth 22.55GHz (9.12 GHz to 31.67 GHz). At 19 GHz, maximum gain of 3.9 dBi is attained. An equivalent circuit model corresponding to suggested antenna is designed by ADS software and assessed with the simulated and measured antenna results. Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) of single layer has been placed at optimum position at a distance of 15 mm below the antenna for further improvement of the overall gain of the suggested antenna. Combination of suggested antenna and 𝟔 × 𝟔 FSS configuration increases peak gain to 9.4 dBi maintaining the same antenna bandwidth. The FSS unit cell of dimension 𝟔. 𝟓𝐦𝐦 × 𝟔. 𝟓𝐦𝐦 × 𝟏. 𝟔𝐦𝐦 is used. Design of the antenna is done using commercially available electromagnetic simulator (CST Microwave Studio), and the simulated results are verified by suitable antenna measurement technique using standard microwave test bench. Given FSS integrated antenna has an overall physical volume of 𝟑𝟗𝐦𝐦 × 𝟑𝟗𝐦𝐦 × 𝟏𝟓𝐦𝐦 which makes it ideally suited for high-gain long-range applications.

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引用次数: 0

Theoretical model for the transmittance in a left-handed metamaterial of different geometries 不同几何形状左手超材料透射率的理论模型

Q3 Engineering

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1590/2179-10742023v22i2270469

H. Lorduy G, Á. Salazar

Abstract In this work, a theoretical model for the transmittance in a left-handed metamaterial of different geometries is presented. The proposed unit cells are a combination of conducting wires of rectangular cross-section with square-ring and hexagonal resonators. In this new dielectric compound, dependence of transmittance on the thickness of the resonators are analyzed for the particular case of normal incidence in the GHz range. It is found that the transmittance for the hexagonal resonator shows a significant increase compared to the square geometry resonator.

引用次数: 0

Adaptive Hybrid Precoding Strategy for Cell-Free Massive MIMO 无小区大规模MIMO的自适应混合预编码策略

Q3 Engineering

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1590/2179-10742023v22i2266934

D. Mathe, Diogo Acatauassu, G. Borges, R. Rodrigues, A. Cavalcante, M. Marquezini, Igor Almeida, João C. W. A. Costa

− This work presents an adaptive hybrid signal precoding strategy for Cell-Free (CF) Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The proposed solution exploits the advantages of both distributed and centralized signal processing schemes to perform precoding. In our proposal, some access points (APs) are dynamically configured to be used in a centralized precoding scheme, whereas others are adjusted to employ a distributed method. Simulation results show that it is possible to achieve a good compromise between spectral efficiency (SE) and computational complexity (CC) in CF Massive MIMO systems finding a sensible balance between APs utilized in centralized and distributed precoding. To the best of our knowledge, prior-art solutions have not addressed an adaptive hybrid precoding method itself, they have only proposed a specific solution for each architecture, i.e., distributed or centralized.

引用次数: 0

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