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Establishing and Monitoring an Effective Management of Benign Nontoxic Multinodular Goitre in Kuwait "Utilizing Two Different Dose Levels of Recombinant Human TSH in Combination with Radioactive Iodine". 利用两种不同剂量水平的重组人促甲状腺激素与放射性碘联合治疗科威特良性无毒多结节性甲状腺肿》。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-01
Iman Al-Shammeri, Michael Masoomi, Nael Al-Shammeri, Fawaz Al-Abdali, Amna Al-Shagooli

Introduction: rhTSH-assisted radioiodine therapy of multinodular goiter is not fully known and only a few studies, with a limited number of patients have evaluated the effect of rhTSH assisted radioiodine therapy beyond 1 year. Though there is an effective and safe management of benign non-toxic MNG available, it is not applicable to all patient categories in Kuwait covering the impact of the past environmental events (Gulf War) and the genetic relation. The proposed project aims to address those points raised, that is exclusive to the Kuwait population.

Materials and methods: In this cohort study, 2 groups of patients, group one (G1) and group two (G2) patients (N=50, ≥18 years old) went undergo evaluated according to a proposed criteria followed by FNA to exclude cancer, toxicity and those who have refused surgery. All patients had a CT scan, TSH, T3, T4 and CBC and complete biomedical tests at a 6-months interval during the treatment period and the follow up. The Volumetric application of GE 670 SPECT/CT (i.e. Xeleris) and in-house developed MATLAB used for quantitative measurement. All patients had a 131-I uptake at baseline and 24 intervals post intramuscular a single dose of 0.3mg or 0.1mg (group 1, group 2) of rhTSH.

Results: There was no significant difference in TSH levels at 24-month follow-up between the two groups (p=0.327), whereas there was a statistically significant difference at the baseline and at the 6-months interval between the 2 groups for T4. Post treatment follow up at the 24-hour time point, Group 1 displayed significantly higher uptake than Group 2 (G1:41.74 ± 6.27 vs. G2:34.80 ± 3.84, p < 0.001). The change in I131 uptake from baseline to 24 hours was significantly greater in Group 1compared to Group 2 (p < 0.001). The ROC analysis (AUC) post treatment indicated an excellent discriminatory power for AUC (0.960) and (p < 0.001). There was a much better correlation posttreatment between BMI and thyroid volume for group 1 (R2=0.661) than for group 2 (R2=0.008). Our results suggest 42.1% thyroid volume reduction for group 1 and 20% for group 2.

Conclusion: The study underscores the potential benefits of the higher rhTSH dose (0.3mg) in managing multinodular non-toxic goiter for the Kuwaiti population and the region considering the impact of dietary, and experience to the drastic environmental exposure.

导言:rhTSH辅助放射性碘治疗多结节性甲状腺肿的方法尚未完全为人所知,只有少数研究对rhTSH辅助放射性碘治疗一年后的效果进行了评估,且患者人数有限。虽然对良性无毒多结节性甲状腺肿有有效和安全的治疗方法,但由于过去的环境事件(海湾战争)和遗传关系的影响,这种方法并不适用于科威特的所有患者。拟议的项目旨在解决这些问题,这也是科威特人口所独有的:在这项队列研究中,两组患者,第一组(G1)和第二组(G2)患者(50 人,≥18 岁)根据建议的标准接受了评估,随后进行了 FNA 检查,以排除癌症、毒性和拒绝手术者。在治疗和随访期间,所有患者每隔 6 个月接受一次 CT 扫描、TSH、T3、T4 和全血细胞计数以及全面的生物医学检测。GE 670 SPECT/CT(即 Xeleris)的容积应用和内部开发的 MATLAB 用于定量测量。所有患者在基线和肌肉注射单剂量 0.3 毫克或 0.1 毫克(第 1 组,第 2 组)rhTSH 后的 24 小时内均摄取了 131-I:在 24 个月的随访中,两组的促甲状腺激素水平无明显差异(P=0.327),而两组的 T4 水平在基线和 6 个月的随访中存在明显差异。治疗后随访的 24 小时时间点,第 1 组的吸收率明显高于第 2 组(G1:41.74 ± 6.27 vs. G2:34.80 ± 3.84,p <0.001)。与第 2 组相比,第 1 组从基线到 24 小时的 I131 摄取量变化明显更大(p < 0.001)。治疗后的 ROC 分析(AUC)显示,AUC(0.960)和(p < 0.001)具有极佳的鉴别力。治疗后,第1组(R2=0.661)的体重指数与甲状腺体积之间的相关性要比第2组(R2=0.008)好得多。我们的结果表明,第一组的甲状腺体积减少了42.1%,第二组减少了20%:考虑到膳食和剧烈环境暴露的影响,本研究强调了较高 rhTSH 剂量(0.3 毫克)在治疗多结节性非毒性甲状腺肿方面对科威特人口和该地区的潜在益处。
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引用次数: 0
Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer: A Review. 前列腺癌的生物标志物:综述。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Nizar Ahmadieh, Toufic Zeidan, Celine Chaaya, David Cain, Marc Aoude, Anita Abouchahla, Hampig Raphael Kourie, Elie Nemer

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. It's the second leading cause cancer men in death. Prognostic tests based on molecular and biomarker analysis of tumor tissue may improve risk stratification of prostate cancer 2.

Materials and methods: After a search on Pubmed for PC biomarkers, 72 papers responded to the objectives and will be included in the review.

Results: A plethora of biomarkers are predictive for the prognosis of PC and its response to certain therapies, while others, once thought to be indicative of prognosis in PC, were not.

Conclusions: This study can help in the development of diagnostic and prognostic tests of PC and contribute to the ongoing research into already existing tests.

背景:前列腺癌(PC)是全球第二大男性常见癌症。它是导致男性死亡的第二大癌症。基于肿瘤组织的分子和生物标志物分析的预后检测可改善前列腺癌的风险分层 2.材料与方法:在Pubmed上搜索PC生物标志物后,有72篇论文符合研究目标,将被纳入综述:结果:大量生物标志物可预测PC的预后及其对某些疗法的反应,而另一些曾被认为可预测PC预后的生物标志物却不能预测PC的预后:这项研究有助于开发 PC 的诊断和预后检测方法,并有助于对现有检测方法的持续研究。
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引用次数: 0
Immunohistopathological Study of Papillary Squamotransitional Carcinoma of Uterine Cervix. 子宫颈乳头状鳞状上皮癌的免疫组织病理学研究
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Bhagyashree Dhande, Siddhi Gaurish Sinai Khandeparkar, Bageshri P Gogate, Avinash R Joshi, Shital Subhash Gosavi, Pooja Vinod Mishra

Introduction: Papillary squamotransitional cell carcinoma (PSTCC) arising from the uterine cervix is a distinctive histomorphological subtype of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) not otherwise specified (NOS) of cervical epithelial tumors.

Aim: The present study was undertaken to study the histopathological features and immunoexpression of CK7, CK20, p53 and Ki-67 in PSTCC of the cervix.

Materials and methods: This study included 43 cases of PSTCC of cervix. A technique of manual tissue array was employed along with IHC staining of entire section in some cases. The expression pattern of CK7, CK 20, p53 and Ki67 in PSTCC was studied and clinico-pathological correlation of various parameters with IHC expression of CK7 and CK20 was observed. Results were subjected to statistical analysis and were considered significant when the p-value was less than 0.05.

Results: Out of 43 PSTCC cases, there were 38 squamotransitional type and 5 papillary type. Histomorphologically, all the cases studied were having fused papillae with rounded contours and fibrovascular cores with highest number of cases having intermediate cell type morphology (86%). Stromal invasion was seen in 74.4% of cases. Koilocytosis were seen in 39.3% of cases. Thirty-two cases showed CK7 immunopositivity (+) and CK20 immunonegativity (-), nine cases were both CK7 and CK20 - and two cases were CK7- and CK20+. Among them 90.7% cases were p53 positive and all cases were positive for Ki67 immunostaining with highest number of cases showing moderate proliferative activity (74.4%); followed by nine cases showing high (20.93%) and two cases showing low proliferative activity (4.65%).

Conclusion: The distinct histomorphology and CK7/CK20 immnunoprofile of PSTCC along with Ki67 and p53 could help in arriving at an accurate diagnosis as well predicting its biological behavior.

导言:目的:本研究旨在研究宫颈乳头状鳞状细胞癌(PSTCC)的组织病理学特征以及CK7、CK20、p53和Ki-67的免疫表达:本研究包括 43 例宫颈 PSTCC。在部分病例中采用了人工组织阵列技术,并对整个切片进行了 IHC 染色。研究了 PSTCC 中 CK7、CK20、p53 和 Ki67 的表达模式,并观察了各种参数与 CK7 和 CK20 IHC 表达的临床病理相关性。研究结果进行了统计分析,当 P 值小于 0.05 时,结果具有显著性:在 43 例 PSTCC 中,38 例为鳞状横隔型,5 例为乳头状型。从组织形态学上看,所有研究病例都有融合的乳头,具有圆形轮廓和纤维血管核心,其中具有中间细胞型形态的病例最多(86%)。74.4%的病例有基质侵犯。39.3%的病例出现oilocytosis。32个病例显示CK7免疫阳性(+)和CK20免疫阴性(-),9个病例同时显示CK7和CK20-,2个病例显示CK7-和CK20+。其中 90.7% 的病例 p53 阳性,所有病例 Ki67 免疫染色均为阳性,中度增殖活性病例最多(74.4%),其次是高度增殖活性病例 9 例(20.93%)和低度增殖活性病例 2 例(4.65%):PSTCC独特的组织形态学、CK7/CK20免疫图谱以及Ki67和p53有助于准确诊断和预测其生物学行为。
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引用次数: 0
Long-term Outcomes of Cancer Patients Admitted to the ICU with Septic Shock. 因败血症休克入住重症监护室的癌症患者的长期疗效。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Wedad B Awad, Lama Nazer

Introduction: Several studies evaluated the outcomes of cancer patients treated with septic shock in intensive care units (ICUs), but limited data is available on the long-term outcomes of this patient population. In this report, we aimed to evaluate the one-year mortality in cancer patients who were discharged alive following their intensive care unit (ICU) admission for septic shock.

Patients and methods: A retrospective study that was conducted at an oncologic ICU of a comprehensive cancer center. The study included all adult cancer patients who were admitted to the ICU with septic shock between 2008 and 2019. Septic shock was defined as the need to start vasopressors within the first 24 hours of ICU admission with sepsis. Patient baseline characteristics and longterm outcomes were evaluated. Descriptive analysis was used to report the data.

Results: Of the 1408 cancer patients who were admitted to the ICU with septic shock, 494 patients (35%) were discharged alive from the hospital. Their mean age was 56.3±16.5 (SD) years, 321 (65%) were males, and 326 (66%) had solid tumors. At 1-year, 258 patients died as follows: 129 (50%) died during the first 3-months, 69 (27%) patients died between 3 and 6-months, and 60 (23%) patients died between 6 and 12-months, resulting in a mortality rate of 74%, 78.9% and 83.2%, at the 3-months, 6-months and 1-year, respectively.

Discussion and conclusion: In this cohort of cancer patients, we described the long-term outcomes of patients treated in the ICU with septic shock. The majority of the included patients died during the first year following their ICU admission. Future studies should identify measures to improve the outcomes of this patient population.

简介有几项研究对在重症监护室(ICU)接受脓毒性休克治疗的癌症患者的预后进行了评估,但有关这类患者长期预后的数据却很有限。在这份报告中,我们旨在评估因脓毒性休克入住重症监护室(ICU)后存活出院的癌症患者的一年死亡率:这是一项在综合癌症中心的肿瘤重症监护病房进行的回顾性研究。研究对象包括 2008 年至 2019 年期间因脓毒性休克入住重症监护病房的所有成年癌症患者。脓毒性休克的定义是在因脓毒症入住重症监护室的头 24 小时内需要开始使用血管加压药。对患者的基线特征和长期结果进行了评估。采用描述性分析报告数据:结果:在因脓毒性休克入住重症监护室的1408名癌症患者中,有494人(35%)活着出院。他们的平均年龄为(56.3±16.5)岁,321人(65%)为男性,326人(66%)患有实体瘤。1年后,258名患者死亡,具体情况如下:129人(50%)在前3个月死亡,69人(27%)在3至6个月死亡,60人(23%)在6至12个月死亡,因此3个月、6个月和1年的死亡率分别为74%、78.9%和83.2%:在这组癌症患者中,我们描述了在重症监护室接受治疗的脓毒性休克患者的长期预后。大部分患者在入住重症监护室后的第一年内死亡。未来的研究应确定改善这类患者预后的措施。
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引用次数: 0
Physiotherapy in Head, Neck, Lung and Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review. 头颈癌、肺癌和乳腺癌幸存者的物理治疗:系统回顾
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Fatima Abdul Rashid, Wajiha Anwar, Samiya Malik, Meruna Bose, Praveen Kumar Kandakurti, Animesh Hazari

Background: Cancer is a medical condition where some cells of the body reproduce uncontrollably and metastasize to other parts of the body. This study attempts to review the effect of physiotherapy application on head and neck, lung and breast cancer survivors on important clinical outcomes such as pain, strength, fatigability, coordination, balance, activities of daily living (ADLs), psychosocial aspects, cognitive aspects, and quality of life (QoL) Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Scientific articles were retrieved from electronic databases including Cochrane, Medline, EBSCO, Science Direct, Springer and Web of Science. Studies using only experimental design measuring the effectiveness of physiotherapy methods in head and neck, lung and breast cancer patients were selected for the review. Articles from 2012 till date were selected to find a piece of evidence for the latest physiotherapy practice in the last decade.

Results: 19 articles out of 9343 records were selected (Head & Neck HN = 3, Lung LU = 5, Breast BR = 11) which demonstrated that there was a significant effect of various physiotherapeutic techniques on the selected outcomes among patients with head and neck, lung and breast cancer.

Conclusion: In this review study, we conclude that head and neck cancer patients can benefit from physiotherapy exercises and muscle awareness. However, more evidence is needed to prescribe a specific exercise regimen. It was found that a combination of fitness training along with aerobic training has the maximum gain in advanced lung cancer patients. For breast cancer patients, combined aerobic and resistance training along with stretching and relaxation is the current suggested treatment.

Key words: "Upper Body Cancer", "Physiotherapy", "head and neck cancer", "lung cancer", and "breast cancer".

背景:癌症是人体某些细胞不受控制地繁殖并转移到身体其他部位的一种病症。本研究试图回顾物理治疗对头颈癌、肺癌和乳腺癌幸存者在疼痛、力量、疲劳、协调、平衡、日常生活活动(ADLs)、社会心理方面、认知方面和生活质量(QoL)等重要临床结果方面的影响:按照 PRISMA 指南进行了系统性综述。从 Cochrane、Medline、EBSCO、Science Direct、Springer 和 Web of Science 等电子数据库中检索科学文章。综述选取了仅采用实验设计、衡量物理治疗方法对头颈部、肺部和乳腺癌患者疗效的研究。选取了 2012 年至今的文章,以便为近十年来最新的物理治疗实践寻找证据:从 9343 条记录中筛选出 19 篇文章(头颈部 HN = 3 篇、肺部 LU = 5 篇、乳腺 BR = 11 篇),这些文章表明,各种物理治疗技术对头颈部、肺部和乳腺癌患者的选定结果有显著影响:在这项回顾性研究中,我们得出结论,头颈部癌症患者可以从物理治疗锻炼和肌肉认知中获益。然而,还需要更多的证据来说明具体的锻炼方案。研究发现,在晚期肺癌患者中,健身训练与有氧训练相结合的收益最大。对于乳腺癌患者来说,结合有氧训练和阻力训练以及拉伸和放松是目前建议的治疗方法:"上半身癌症"、"物理治疗"、"头颈部癌症"、"肺癌 "和 "乳腺癌"。
{"title":"Physiotherapy in Head, Neck, Lung and Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Fatima Abdul Rashid, Wajiha Anwar, Samiya Malik, Meruna Bose, Praveen Kumar Kandakurti, Animesh Hazari","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer is a medical condition where some cells of the body reproduce uncontrollably and metastasize to other parts of the body. This study attempts to review the effect of physiotherapy application on head and neck, lung and breast cancer survivors on important clinical outcomes such as pain, strength, fatigability, coordination, balance, activities of daily living (ADLs), psychosocial aspects, cognitive aspects, and quality of life (QoL) Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Scientific articles were retrieved from electronic databases including Cochrane, Medline, EBSCO, Science Direct, Springer and Web of Science. Studies using only experimental design measuring the effectiveness of physiotherapy methods in head and neck, lung and breast cancer patients were selected for the review. Articles from 2012 till date were selected to find a piece of evidence for the latest physiotherapy practice in the last decade.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>19 articles out of 9343 records were selected (Head & Neck HN = 3, Lung LU = 5, Breast BR = 11) which demonstrated that there was a significant effect of various physiotherapeutic techniques on the selected outcomes among patients with head and neck, lung and breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this review study, we conclude that head and neck cancer patients can benefit from physiotherapy exercises and muscle awareness. However, more evidence is needed to prescribe a specific exercise regimen. It was found that a combination of fitness training along with aerobic training has the maximum gain in advanced lung cancer patients. For breast cancer patients, combined aerobic and resistance training along with stretching and relaxation is the current suggested treatment.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>\"Upper Body Cancer\", \"Physiotherapy\", \"head and neck cancer\", \"lung cancer\", and \"breast cancer\".</p>","PeriodicalId":53633,"journal":{"name":"The gulf journal of oncology","volume":"1 44","pages":"54-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139418521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synergizing Expertise and Technology: The Artificial intelligence Revolution in Radiotherapy for Personalized and Precise Cancer Treatment. 专业知识与技术的协同作用:放疗中的人工智能革命:个性化精准癌症治疗》。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Fadila Kouhen, Hanae El Gouach, Kamal Saidi, Zineb Dahbi, Nadia Errafiy, Hafsa Elmarrachi, Nabil Ismaili

Artificial intelligence (AI) has truly revolutionized many fields, including healthcare. In radiation oncology, AI has emerged as a powerful tool for improving the speed, accuracy and overall quality of radiotherapy treatments. The radiotherapy workflow involves complex processes that require coordination between healthcare professionals with diverse skills. AI and deep learning methods offer unprecedented potential to transform this workflow by leveraging imaging modalities, digital data processing and advanced software algorithms. Despite the revolutionary potential, challenges remain in seamlessly integrating AI into clinical workflows. Ethical considerations, data privacy, and algorithm interpretability necessitate cautious implementation. Additionally, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration between AI experts and radiation oncologists is imperative to harness the technology's full potential. This paper explores the impact of AI in four key areas of radiotherapy: automated segmentation, dosimetric and machine quality assurance, adaptive radiation therapy, and clinical outcome prediction. Key words: Artificial intelligence, Radiotherapy, Workflow, Accuracy, cancer ,machine-learning.

人工智能(AI)确实给包括医疗保健在内的许多领域带来了革命性的变化。在肿瘤放射治疗领域,人工智能已成为提高放射治疗速度、准确性和整体质量的有力工具。放射治疗工作流程涉及复杂的流程,需要具备不同技能的医疗专业人员之间进行协调。人工智能和深度学习方法通过利用成像模式、数字数据处理和先进的软件算法,为改变这一工作流程提供了前所未有的潜力。尽管具有革命性的潜力,但将人工智能无缝集成到临床工作流程中仍面临挑战。出于伦理、数据隐私和算法可解释性等方面的考虑,必须谨慎实施。此外,促进人工智能专家和放射肿瘤专家之间的跨学科合作对于充分发挥该技术的潜力也是势在必行的。本文探讨了人工智能在放射治疗四个关键领域的影响:自动分割、剂量测定和机器质量保证、自适应放射治疗以及临床结果预测。关键字人工智能 放射治疗 工作流程 准确性 癌症 机器学习
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Dentist's Knowledge and Practice About Dental Management of Oral Cancer Patients. 评估牙医对口腔癌患者牙科治疗的认识和实践。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Faezeh Khozeimeh, Hossein Hadi, Hanieh Haghpanah, Bahareh Tahani

Background: Dentists play a key role in and the management of oral cancer treatment complications. This study aimed to evaluate the general and specialist dentists' knowledge and practice regarding the dental management of such patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study was conducted among 370 general and specialist dentists in Isfahan, Iran 2020. A self-administrative questionnaire was designed and validated. The questionnaire had 18 questions in Knowledge section, 10 questions to measure performance, and 3 questions to evaluate dentist's opinion toward their management ability. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive and analytic tests such as T-Test, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and Fisher's Exact statistics (P ≤ 0.05).

Results: The mean knowledge score was 9.96±2.87 in specialists and 7.59±2.36 in general dentists (out of 18, P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the mean knowledge based on gender, employment type, work experience of general and specialist, or the number of working days in a week. In addition, there was a significant relationship between the mean knowledge and having patients with oral cancer undergoing radiotherapy or chemotherapy (P = 0.012).

Conclusion: This study indicated that specialists'knowledge level is higher than general dentists. It was also shown that knowledge directly relates to practice and attitude. Besides, regarding insufficient knowledge of dentists in this field, it is necessary to hold training programs and retraining sessions.

背景:牙科医生在处理口腔癌治疗并发症方面发挥着关键作用。本研究旨在评估普通牙医和专科牙医对此类患者的牙科管理知识和实践:这项横断面分析研究在伊朗伊斯法罕的 370 名普通和专科牙医中进行。设计并验证了一份自我管理问卷。问卷的知识部分有 18 个问题,10 个问题用于衡量牙医的工作表现,3 个问题用于评估牙医对其管理能力的看法。对收集到的数据进行了描述性和分析性测试,如 T 检验、Kruskal-Wallis、Mann-Whitney、Chi-square 和 Fisher's 精确统计(P ≤ 0.05):专科医生和普通牙科医生的平均知识得分分别为(9.96±2.87)分和(7.59±2.36)分(总分 18 分,P < 0.001)。根据性别、工作类型、普通牙医和专科医生的工作经验以及每周工作日天数的不同,平均知识水平之间的差异无统计学意义。此外,平均知识水平与口腔癌患者正在接受放疗或化疗之间存在显著关系(P = 0.012):本研究表明,专科医生的知识水平高于普通牙科医生。结论:本研究表明,专科医生的知识水平高于普通牙科医生,而且知识与实践和态度直接相关。此外,由于牙医在这一领域的知识不足,有必要举办培训计划和再培训课程。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of Uncertainty in Volume Estimation of Non-Static Target: A Phantom Study using Racemosa Wood. 评估非静态目标体积估算的不确定性:使用蔷薇木进行的模拟研究
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01
T R Verma, N K Painuly, S P Mishar, M L B Bhatt

Introduction: CT information of the target undergoing motion/movement during its scanning has been questioned by many researchers for its preciseness as well as accuracy. The present study was taken with aim to validate the racimosa wood as lung equivalent and to assess the uncertainty in volume estimation during virtual simulation of non-static target of known dimension such as in lung cancer radiotherapy.

Materials and methods: The racemosa wood was validated as lung equivalent material with the help of two methods. Wood insert with tumor model was put into the hollow cylinder space of dimension 6.4 cm in diameter provided in CIRS phantom. First CT image of rest position was taken and given name "No Movement". Subsequently the tumor was shifted +/-5mm, +/-15mm and +/-25 mm with respect to "Rest Position". CT images of the CIRS phantom containing tumor in wood cylinder were acquired after each movement given to wood cylinder.

Results: The relative electron density of racemosa wood corresponding to HU value -724 was found to be 0.275 gm/cm3. The true volume of the target was 7.8.cm3 however variation up to 9.5 cm3 was observed in CT produced volume of the target over the range of different movements.

Discussion: The racemosa wood was found to be having range of density (- 850 HU to - 400 HU) similar to real human lung density variation. Various studies have been performed using uniform density lung structures in their experimental setups to assess the accuracy in lung cancer radiation delivery. However, in the present work approximately real clinical setting was reproduced by putting the wood cylinder with density variation from 0.2 gm/cm3- 4.5 gm/cm3in hollow space provided in one lung structure the phantom used in this study.

Conclusions: The racemosa wood was found to be lung equivalent which is available locally and cost-effective as well. Overestimation in the target volume (by CT imaging) showed a trend of increase with 3 directional movement amplitudes. The results of this study can be utilised in lung cancer radiotherapy as the same were derived from setup having clinical settings in terms of lung density variation, shape, compositions of the phantom maximally as found during the real patient radiotherapy.

导言:许多研究人员对扫描过程中运动/移动目标的 CT 信息的精确性和准确性提出了质疑。本研究的目的就是验证马齿笕作为肺等效材料的有效性,并评估在对已知尺寸的非静态目标(如肺癌放疗中的目标)进行虚拟模拟时体积估计的不确定性:在两种方法的帮助下,我们验证了将油松作为肺等效材料的可行性。将带有肿瘤模型的木质插入 CIRS 模型中直径为 6.4 厘米的空心圆柱体空间。首先拍摄静止位置的 CT 图像,并命名为 "不动"。随后,肿瘤相对于 "静止位置 "分别移动了 +/-5毫米、+/-15毫米和+/-25毫米。每次移动木筒后,都会采集包含木筒中肿瘤的 CIRS 模型的 CT 图像:结果:与 HU 值 -724 相对应的外消旋木的相对电子密度为 0.275 gm/cm3。目标的真实体积为 7.8 立方厘米,但在不同的运动范围内,CT 生成的目标体积变化可达 9.5 立方厘米:讨论:研究发现马齿笕的密度范围(- 850 HU 到 - 400 HU)与真实的人体肺部密度变化相似。已有多项研究在实验装置中使用均匀密度的肺部结构来评估肺癌放射治疗的准确性。然而,在本研究中,通过将密度变化范围为 0.2 gm/cm3-4.5 gm/cm3 的木质圆柱体放置在一个肺部结构(本研究使用的模型)的中空空间中,近似再现了真实的临床环境:结论:研究发现外消旋木是一种肺部等效材料,可就地取材,而且成本效益高。目标体积的高估(通过 CT 成像)随着三个方向运动幅度的增加而呈上升趋势。本研究的结果可用于肺癌放疗,因为这些结果也是根据临床设置得出的,在肺密度变化、形状、模型组成等方面与实际病人放疗过程中发现的最大值相同。
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引用次数: 0
A Prospective Study of the Incidence of Chronic Xerostomia and the Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Malignancies with IMRT or VMAT Techniques. 采用 IMRT 或 VMAT 技术进行头颈部恶性肿瘤放疗的患者慢性口腔溃疡发生率和生活质量的前瞻性研究。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Nishant Gaurav Pathak, Mahadev P, Yash Alok

Background: Radiation therapy in Head and neck cancers often leads to xerostomia which often leads to a decline in quality of life. The aim of the study was to compare xerostomia among cancer patients undergoing IMRT and VMAT techniques for head and neck malignancies and follow them up via quality of life assessment.

Methodology: It was a hospital based prospective study with follow up at 0, 3 and 6 months among total 80 patients divided in 2 groups of VMAT and IMRT respectively. Patients were assessed using a quality of life questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS 25.0 Results: It was observed that there was no significant difference between the two groups for xerostomia and quality of life over the follow up period. However, there was improvement of symptoms over time in both groups.

Discussion: Similar results were observed in other international studies as well with respect to the quality of life.

Conclusion: It was found that both technologies were similar when it came to treatment related xerostomia in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck malignancies with either technique.

背景:头颈部癌症的放射治疗通常会导致口腔干燥,进而导致生活质量下降。本研究旨在比较接受 IMRT 和 VMAT 技术治疗头颈部恶性肿瘤的癌症患者的口腔异物感,并通过生活质量评估对其进行随访:这是一项基于医院的前瞻性研究,对 80 名患者进行了 0、3 和 6 个月的随访,分为 VMAT 和 IMRT 两组。使用生活质量问卷对患者进行评估。数据分析使用 SPSS 25.0 进行:随访期间,两组患者在口腔异味和生活质量方面没有明显差异。讨论:讨论:在生活质量方面,其他国际研究也观察到了类似的结果:结论:研究发现,在接受头颈部恶性肿瘤放疗的患者中,两种技术在治疗相关性口腔异味方面的效果相似。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical and Pathological Characteristics of Breast Cancer Among Emirati National Patients. 阿联酋国民乳腺癌患者的临床和病理特征
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Rafal R Iskanderian, Ahmed Matalkah, Aya Abdoh, Asma Al Hashmi, Bassel Jallad, Fady Geara, Stephen R Grobmyer

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among Emirati women and is the second leading cause of death among women in the UAE. To date, published studies regarding breast cancer in the UAE have investigated a mixed population of different ethnicities with a low percentage of UAE nationals. This is the first study to highlight the clinical and pathological data of a large cohort of exclusively Emirati national breast cancer patients diagnosed at a tertiary care medical facility.

Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study involving breast cancer patients in UAE women who were evaluated and/or treated at the Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi during the period from May 2015 until June 2021.

Results: This study initially included 372 participants. The median age at diagnosis was 48 years (24-86 years) and 12.3% of patients had screening detected tumors. 30% of patients presented with locally advanced disease and 20% had stage IV disease at presentation. 24% were 40 years or younger at the time of diagnosis.

Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the largest study to date focusing exclusively on the presentation and characteristics of Emirati women with breast cancer. The median age of incidence was 48 years and the percentage of patients diagnosed with breast cancer at age 40 or younger years was 24%. This is an agreement with data published in the Middle East, but is significantly below what is reported in Caucasian women in the Western world. In this study, Emirati patients presented with advanced stages of disease. More advanced disease, and higher stage 4 at presentation is another reflection of the low screening rates, but also an indication of a higher patient thresholds for reporting breast health concerns to medical professionals for evaluation.

Conclusion: Findings of our study do suggest the need to focus efforts on continuing to understand the exact presentation of breast cancer among Emirati women and underscore the need to pursue efforts to improve public education, increase screening utilization and early detection to reduce the burden of disease and address an essential health care need for this unique population.

导言:乳腺癌是阿联酋妇女最常见的癌症,也是阿联酋妇女的第二大死因。迄今为止,已发表的有关阿联酋乳腺癌的研究调查了不同种族的混合人群,其中阿联酋国民所占比例较低。这是第一项重点研究在一家三级医疗机构确诊的大量阿联酋籍乳腺癌患者的临床和病理数据的研究:这是一项回顾性研究,涉及2015年5月至2021年6月期间在阿布扎比克利夫兰诊所接受评估和/或治疗的阿联酋女性乳腺癌患者:本研究最初包括 372 名参与者。确诊时的中位年龄为 48 岁(24-86 岁),12.3% 的患者通过筛查发现了肿瘤。30%的患者为局部晚期疾病,20%的患者为 IV 期疾病。24%的患者确诊时年龄在40岁或以下:据我们所知,这是迄今为止规模最大的一项专门针对阿联酋女性乳腺癌患者发病情况和特征的研究。中位发病年龄为 48 岁,40 岁或 40 岁以下确诊为乳腺癌的患者占 24%。这与中东地区公布的数据一致,但明显低于西方国家高加索女性的数据。在这项研究中,阿联酋籍患者多为晚期患者。更晚期的疾病和更高的第 4 阶段是筛查率低的另一个反映,但也表明患者向医疗专业人员报告乳房健康问题以进行评估的门槛更高:我们的研究结果确实表明,有必要集中精力继续了解阿联酋妇女乳腺癌的确切发病情况,并强调有必要努力改善公众教育,提高筛查利用率和早期检测率,以减轻疾病负担,满足这一特殊群体的基本医疗保健需求。
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The gulf journal of oncology
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