Industrijska ekologija bavi se promjenama industrijskih procesa i primjenom linearnih sustava koji su prikazani kao otvorena petlja gdje resursi i kapitalna ulaganja putuju kroz sustav postajući na kraju otpad, na kružne sustave odnosno zatvorenu petlju (eng. Closed-Loop) gdje se otpad upotrebljava u novim procesima. Kružno gospodarstvo je model proizvodnje i potrošnje koji uključuje ponovno korištenje, obnavljanje i recikliranje postojećih proizvoda kako bi im se produljio vijek trajanja uz istovremeno smanjenje količina otpada. Postoje različiti koncepti koji se primarno vežu s konceptom kružnog gospodarstva, a jedan od njih je od kolijevke do kolijevke (eng. „Cradle to Cradle“) koncept koji po uzoru na prirodu i harmoniju ekosustava pokušava potpuno eliminirati otpad. U ovom preglednom radu, primjenom analize sadržaja relevantne znanstvene i stručne literature te dokumentacije, cilj je definirati koncepte industrijske ekologije i kružnog gospodarstva, ukazujući na prednosti koje proizlaze njihovom primjenom, kao što je minimiziranje troškova sirovina, skladištenja i odlaganja prvenstveno industrijskog otpada, s krajnjim ciljem realizacijom održivog razvoja.
工业生态学涉及工业过程的变化和线性系统的使用，这些系统被显示为资源和资本投资通过废物系统的开环，在循环系统或闭环（例如闭环）中，废物被用于新的过程。循环经济是一种生产和消费模式，涉及对现有产品的再利用、修复和回收，以延长其使用寿命，同时减少废物。有不同的概念主要与循环经济的概念有关，其中一个是从牛棚到牛棚。自然和生态系统和谐的概念正试图彻底消除浪费。U ovom preglednom radu，primjenom analize sadržaja related tne znanstvene i stručne literate te dokumentacije，cilj je definirati koncepte industrijske ekologije i kružnog gospodarstva，ukazujući na prednosti koje proizlaze njihovom primjenorm，kaošto je minimiziranje troškova sirovina，skladištenja i odlaganja prvenstveno industrijscog otpada，以可持续发展为最终目标。
{"title":"Primjena koncepta kružnog gospodarstva i industrijske ekologije kao doprinos održivom razvoju i zaštiti okoliša","authors":"Sanja Miketić-Curman","doi":"10.31306/s.62.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.62.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Industrijska ekologija bavi se promjenama industrijskih procesa i primjenom linearnih sustava koji su prikazani kao otvorena petlja gdje resursi i kapitalna ulaganja putuju kroz sustav postajući na kraju otpad, na kružne sustave odnosno zatvorenu petlju (eng. Closed-Loop) gdje se otpad upotrebljava u novim procesima. Kružno gospodarstvo je model proizvodnje i potrošnje koji uključuje ponovno korištenje, obnavljanje i recikliranje postojećih proizvoda kako bi im se produljio vijek trajanja uz istovremeno smanjenje količina otpada. Postoje različiti koncepti koji se primarno vežu s konceptom kružnog gospodarstva, a jedan od njih je od kolijevke do kolijevke (eng. „Cradle to Cradle“) koncept koji po uzoru na prirodu i harmoniju ekosustava pokušava potpuno eliminirati otpad. U ovom preglednom radu, primjenom analize sadržaja relevantne znanstvene i stručne literature te dokumentacije, cilj je definirati koncepte industrijske ekologije i kružnog gospodarstva, ukazujući na prednosti koje proizlaze njihovom primjenom, kao što je minimiziranje troškova sirovina, skladištenja i odlaganja prvenstveno industrijskog otpada, s krajnjim ciljem realizacijom održivog razvoja.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41607683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Dubinin, O. Cherkashyn, A. Maksymov, Dmytro Beliuchenko, Serhii Hovalenkov, S. Shevchenko, Vadim Avetisyan
The research has been conducted to determine the safe residence time for people in a room where the composition of the gas environment has deteriorated due to fire. Carbon monoxide, which is produced by fire, has been found to be lethal for human life and health. Determination of safe time was made based on the study of the composition and amount of fire load in premises and buildings, physical and chemical properties of carbon monoxide, and its effect on the human body. The graphical dependences of the concentration of carbon monoxide in a room, as a function of time, were obtained for eight variants. The results allow authors to determine the possible residence time of a person in a building during a fire before the lethal concentration of carbon monoxide occurs. Studies made it possible to determine the safe residence time of people in a building on fire in a calculated way and to compare it with the normative indicators of the onset of lethal concentration of carbon monoxide in the air. The results obtained determine the safe time during which a person can escape from the building on fire.
{"title":"Investigation of the effect of carbon monoxide on people in case of fire in a building","authors":"D. Dubinin, O. Cherkashyn, A. Maksymov, Dmytro Beliuchenko, Serhii Hovalenkov, S. Shevchenko, Vadim Avetisyan","doi":"10.31306/s.62.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.62.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"The research has been conducted to determine the safe residence time for people in a room where the composition of the gas environment has deteriorated due to fire. Carbon monoxide, which is produced by fire, has been found to be lethal for human life and health. Determination of safe time was made based on the study of the composition and amount of fire load in premises and buildings, physical and chemical properties of carbon monoxide, and its effect on the human body. The graphical dependences of the concentration of carbon monoxide in a room, as a function of time, were obtained for eight variants. The results allow authors to determine the possible residence time of a person in a building during a fire before the lethal concentration of carbon monoxide occurs. Studies made it possible to determine the safe residence time of people in a building on fire in a calculated way and to compare it with the normative indicators of the onset of lethal concentration of carbon monoxide in the air. The results obtained determine the safe time during which a person can escape from the building on fire.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41981696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SUMMARY: The determinants of occupational accidents from a social, cultural and a working condi-tions combined perspective are unveiled considering the level of analysis of the European nation. Fatal and non-fatal work accidents in 2014, collected and provided by Eurostat, are correlated with country by country results of the 7th European Social Survey (ESS) (2014 data). This informs on social deter-minants of work accidents. National Dimensions of Culture proposed by Gert Hofstede are correlated with country by country results of the ESS informing on cultural determinants of the European Social Dimensions reported on the ESS. Moreover, considering data from the 6th European Working Condi-tions Survey (2015 data), working conditions, on a country by country basis as well, are further consid-ered and analyzed from the perspective of fatal and non-fatal accidents and from the perspective of social and cultural dimensions. This multiple pronged study of association unveils interesting associa-tions between fatal and non-fatal work accidents and working conditions, as well as between fatal and non-fatal work accidents and social and cultural dimensions, and, between social and cultural dimen-sions and working conditions, taking the European country as a unit of analysis. The findings shed light on the interconnectedness of the distinct domains under study, as well as informing policy development towards creating tailor made approaches suiting each country reality within the countries encompassed in the analysis.
{"title":"Social, cultural and working conditions determinants of fatal and non-fatal occupational accidents in Europe","authors":"D. Coelho","doi":"10.31306/s.62.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.62.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY: The determinants of occupational accidents from a social, cultural and a working condi-tions combined perspective are unveiled considering the level of analysis of the European nation. Fatal and non-fatal work accidents in 2014, collected and provided by Eurostat, are correlated with country by country results of the 7th European Social Survey (ESS) (2014 data). This informs on social deter-minants of work accidents. National Dimensions of Culture proposed by Gert Hofstede are correlated with country by country results of the ESS informing on cultural determinants of the European Social Dimensions reported on the ESS. Moreover, considering data from the 6th European Working Condi-tions Survey (2015 data), working conditions, on a country by country basis as well, are further consid-ered and analyzed from the perspective of fatal and non-fatal accidents and from the perspective of social and cultural dimensions. This multiple pronged study of association unveils interesting associa-tions between fatal and non-fatal work accidents and working conditions, as well as between fatal and non-fatal work accidents and social and cultural dimensions, and, between social and cultural dimen-sions and working conditions, taking the European country as a unit of analysis. The findings shed light on the interconnectedness of the distinct domains under study, as well as informing policy development towards creating tailor made approaches suiting each country reality within the countries encompassed in the analysis.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46051486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SAŽETAK: Opasne kemijske tvari u raznim oblicima narušavaju kakvoću zraka u radnoj okolini. Način unošenja otrovnih tvari u ljudsko tijelo i transformacijski putovi glavni su čimbenici štetnih učinaka. Zbog velike raširenosti formaldehida u mnogim industrijama već nekoliko desetljeća pozornost stručnjaka zaštite na radu usmjerena je na taj fenomen. Studija prikazuje temeljne karakteristike formaldehida i učinke na zdravlje prouzročene izlaganjem različitim koncentracijama te opasne tvari. Težište je na zaposlenima u medicinskim laboratorijima gdje se formaldehid koristi kao sredstvo za dezinfekciju i agens za čuvanje uzoraka tkiva u anatomskim laboratorijima. Eksperimentalni dio studije odrađen je u laboratorijima Odjela za anatomiju, a razine koncentracije formaldehida praćene su u različitim prostorijama kako bi se utvrdila izloženost zaposlenika.
{"title":"Occupational safety in the medical laboratory and formaldehyde exposture","authors":"D. Adamović","doi":"10.31306/s.62.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.62.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"SAŽETAK: Opasne kemijske tvari u raznim oblicima narušavaju kakvoću zraka u radnoj okolini. Način unošenja otrovnih tvari u ljudsko tijelo i transformacijski putovi glavni su čimbenici štetnih učinaka. Zbog velike raširenosti formaldehida u mnogim industrijama već nekoliko desetljeća pozornost stručnjaka zaštite na radu usmjerena je na taj fenomen. Studija prikazuje temeljne karakteristike formaldehida i učinke na zdravlje prouzročene izlaganjem različitim koncentracijama te opasne tvari. Težište je na zaposlenima u medicinskim laboratorijima gdje se formaldehid koristi kao sredstvo za dezinfekciju i agens za čuvanje uzoraka tkiva u anatomskim laboratorijima. Eksperimentalni dio studije odrađen je u laboratorijima Odjela za anatomiju, a razine koncentracije formaldehida praćene su u različitim prostorijama kako bi se utvrdila izloženost zaposlenika.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.31306/s.62.2.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49056439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SAŽETAK: Ronilački radovi danas su u svijetu jedni od najopasnijih poslova s posebnim uvjetima rada, čije izvođenje nema definiran zakonski okvir u Republici Hrvatskoj poput izvođenja ostalih građevinskih radova. Pravilnik o obavljanju podvodnih aktivnosti određuje samo uvjete bavljenja istima u svrhu razonode i športa. Sigurnost izvođenja podvodnih radova tako ovisi isključivo o pravilno izrađenoj Procjeni rizika izvođača radova te o njegovom Planu izvođenja radova ako se radi o podvodnim građevinskim radovima. Za razliku od hrvatskog pravnog poretka, u Velikoj Britaniji ovo područje je detaljno i kvalitetno uređeno od 1997. godine te ima jasan zakonodavni okvir na temelju kojeg su donesene smjernice, operativni postupci i načela prema kojima većina građevinskih i energetskih tvrtki temelji svoje pravilnike, a pojedine zemlje i zakone. Isti pravni propis primijenila je u svojim pravilima međunarodna udruga podvodnih izvođača radova IMCA (eng. International Marine Contractors Association). Rezultat primjene propisa je razvoj sigurnosne kulture, znatno smanjenje učestalosti nesreća i promicanje razine sigurnosti pri izvođenju podvodnih građevinskih radova. Primjenom postojećih smjernica IMCA u zakonodavni okvir Republike Hrvatske, podignula bi se razina sigurnosti ronioca na najvišu razinu.
萨日塔克：Ronilac工程是当今世界上最危险的工作之一，有着特殊的工作条件，在克罗地亚共和国没有明确的法律框架，就像其他建筑工程一样。次级水道仅规定了为多样性和出口目的开展相同活动的条件。水下工程的安全完全取决于工人的正确风险评估和水下施工的工作计划。与克罗地亚的法律秩序不同，在大不列颠，该地区自1997年以来一直是详细的和合格的。今年，在大多数建筑和能源公司的规则和法律所依据的指导方针、操作程序和原则的基础上，你们有了一个明确的立法框架。国际海事承包商协会在其规则中也适用了同样的法律规定。实施这些规定的结果是发展了安全文化，大大减少了事故频率，提高了分项工程的安全水平。Primjenom postojećih smjernica IMCA u zakonodavni okvir Republice Hrvatske，podignula bi se razina sigurnosti ronioca na najvišu razinu。
{"title":"Sigurnost u izvođenju podvodnih radova u Hrvatskoj","authors":"Marija Smodlaka, Luči Veljačić, Marko Hranilović","doi":"10.31306/s.62.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.62.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"SAŽETAK: Ronilački radovi danas su u svijetu jedni od najopasnijih poslova s posebnim uvjetima rada, čije izvođenje nema definiran zakonski okvir u Republici Hrvatskoj poput izvođenja ostalih građevinskih radova. Pravilnik o obavljanju podvodnih aktivnosti određuje samo uvjete bavljenja istima u svrhu razonode i športa. Sigurnost izvođenja podvodnih radova tako ovisi isključivo o pravilno izrađenoj Procjeni rizika izvođača radova te o njegovom Planu izvođenja radova ako se radi o podvodnim građevinskim radovima. Za razliku od hrvatskog pravnog poretka, u Velikoj Britaniji ovo područje je detaljno i kvalitetno uređeno od 1997. godine te ima jasan zakonodavni okvir na temelju kojeg su donesene smjernice, operativni postupci i načela prema kojima većina građevinskih i energetskih tvrtki temelji svoje pravilnike, a pojedine zemlje i zakone. Isti pravni propis primijenila je u svojim pravilima međunarodna udruga podvodnih izvođača radova IMCA (eng. International Marine Contractors Association). Rezultat primjene propisa je razvoj sigurnosne kulture, znatno smanjenje učestalosti nesreća i promicanje razine sigurnosti pri izvođenju podvodnih građevinskih radova. Primjenom postojećih smjernica IMCA u zakonodavni okvir Republike Hrvatske, podignula bi se razina sigurnosti ronioca na najvišu razinu.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.31306/s.62.2.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45069395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. O. Ismaila, T. Oriolowo, S. Kuye, N. O. Adekunle, B. Adewumi, A. O. Alabi
SAŽETAK: Studija procjenjuje čimbenike ergonomskih rizika na poslovima održavanja plinske elektrane kapaciteta 8.4 MW (1.4 MW x 6 jedinica) u kojoj na održavanju radi 12 osoba. Čimbenici ergonomskih rizika mogu se podijeliti na one povezane sa zadatkom, te osobne i okolišne. Potencijalna ozbiljnost svih utvrđenih čimbenika rizika i vjerojatnost da se ostvare prikazana je na ljestvici 1-5. Indeks rizika izračunat je kao umnožak vjerojatnosti pojave rizika i potencijalne ozbiljnosti svih parametara rizika. Relativne težine parametara čimbenika rizika utvrđene su dijeljenjem svakog indeksa kumulativnog rizika s ukupnim indeksom kumulativnog rizika. Relativne težine čimbenika ergonomskih rizika utvrđene su dijeljenjem indeksa kumulativnih rizika svakog čimbenika s ukupnim indeksima kumulativnog rizika. Ukupan indeks rizika za svaki čimbenik izračunat je zbrajanjem umnoška relativnih težina i indeksa rizika parametara koji čine taj čimbenik. Indeks opasnosti na radu (WSI) utvrđen je zbrajanjem umnoška relativnih težina i indeksa rizika čimbenika ergonomskih čimbenika. Vrijednosti rizika kategorizirane su u tri razreda: nizak, srednji i visok rizik. Koristeći osobne i okolišne čimbenike, prosječne vrijednosti rizika iznosile su 3.03 ± 0.42 i 3.00 ± 0.00 iz čega proizlazi da je posao niskog rizika. Vrijednost indeksa opasnosti na radu (WSI) iznosila je 5.03 ± 1.62 što je pokazatelj da posao održavanja na način kako se obavlja u promatranoj elektrani predstavlja nizak rizik.
考虑因素：该研究评估了维护8.4MW天然气发电（1.4MW x 6台机组）的人体工程学风险因素，其中维护了12人。人体工程学风险可分为任务、个人因素和环境因素。所有已识别风险因素的潜在严重性和实现的可能性如第1-5阶段所示。风险指数是作为风险概率和所有风险参数的潜在严重性的乘数计算的。相对风险因素参数是通过将每个累积风险指数与总累积风险指数共享来确定的。人体工程学风险因素的相对权重是通过将每个因素的累积风险指数除以累积风险指数来确定的。每个因素的总风险指数是通过将导致该因素的参数的多重相对权重和风险指数相结合来计算的。劳动危险指数（WSI）是通过将人体工程学因素的多重相对权重和风险指数相结合来确定的。风险值分为三类：低风险、中风险和高风险。考虑到个人和环境因素，平均风险值分别为3.03±0.42和3.00±0.00，属于低风险工作。劳动危险指数（WSI）的值为5.03±1.62，表明观察到的电力中的维护工作风险较低。
{"title":"Ergonomic risk assessment of maintenance job in a gas power station","authors":"S. O. Ismaila, T. Oriolowo, S. Kuye, N. O. Adekunle, B. Adewumi, A. O. Alabi","doi":"10.31306/s.62.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.62.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"SAŽETAK: Studija procjenjuje čimbenike ergonomskih rizika na poslovima održavanja plinske elektrane kapaciteta 8.4 MW (1.4 MW x 6 jedinica) u kojoj na održavanju radi 12 osoba. Čimbenici ergonomskih rizika mogu se podijeliti na one povezane sa zadatkom, te osobne i okolišne. Potencijalna ozbiljnost svih utvrđenih čimbenika rizika i vjerojatnost da se ostvare prikazana je na ljestvici 1-5. Indeks rizika izračunat je kao umnožak vjerojatnosti pojave rizika i potencijalne ozbiljnosti svih parametara rizika. Relativne težine parametara čimbenika rizika utvrđene su dijeljenjem svakog indeksa kumulativnog rizika s ukupnim indeksom kumulativnog rizika. Relativne težine čimbenika ergonomskih rizika utvrđene su dijeljenjem indeksa kumulativnih rizika svakog čimbenika s ukupnim indeksima kumulativnog rizika. Ukupan indeks rizika za svaki čimbenik izračunat je zbrajanjem umnoška relativnih težina i indeksa rizika parametara koji čine taj čimbenik. Indeks opasnosti na radu (WSI) utvrđen je zbrajanjem umnoška relativnih težina i indeksa rizika čimbenika ergonomskih čimbenika. Vrijednosti rizika kategorizirane su u tri razreda: nizak, srednji i visok rizik. Koristeći osobne i okolišne čimbenike, prosječne vrijednosti rizika iznosile su 3.03 ± 0.42 i 3.00 ± 0.00 iz čega proizlazi da je posao niskog rizika. Vrijednost indeksa opasnosti na radu (WSI) iznosila je 5.03 ± 1.62 što je pokazatelj da posao održavanja na način kako se obavlja u promatranoj elektrani predstavlja nizak rizik.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.31306/s.62.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45238503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SAŽETAK: U radu je na primjerima iz prakse prikazan rad vještaka Centra za forenzična ispitivanja, istraživanja i vještačenja „Ivan Vučetić“ MUP-a RH (CFIIV „Ivan Vučetić“) prilikom utvrđivanja uzroka požara u stambenim objektima. Opisane su metode utvrđivanja mjesta nastanka i uzroka požara, te je ukazano na karakteristične kvarove koji mogu dovesti do požara u stambenim objektima. Najčešći uzroci požara stambenih objekata su ili kvar na kućnom priključku električne energije, ili kvar na električnoj instalaciji u objektu.
{"title":"Vještačenje uzroka požara stambenih objekata","authors":"Nenad Papić","doi":"10.31306/s.61.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.61.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"SAŽETAK: U radu je na primjerima iz prakse prikazan rad vještaka Centra za forenzična ispitivanja, istraživanja i vještačenja „Ivan Vučetić“ MUP-a RH (CFIIV „Ivan Vučetić“) prilikom utvrđivanja uzroka požara u stambenim objektima.\u0000Opisane su metode utvrđivanja mjesta nastanka i uzroka požara, te je ukazano na karakteristične kvarove koji mogu dovesti do požara u stambenim objektima.\u0000Najčešći uzroci požara stambenih objekata su ili kvar na kućnom priključku električne energije, ili kvar na električnoj instalaciji u objektu.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.31306/s.61.3.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48315619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SUMMARY: The paper explains the terms “indoor transport” and “forklift“, and presents the types of lethal injuries that can occur when using forklifts. The methodology is presented that was used to analyse the proper functioning of sound signalling devices used on forklifts. The descriptive method based on a checklist was used. The research was conducted on 127 forklifts of average age 15 years. It was determined that about 50% forklifts did not have a properly functioning device that emits sound during driving in reverse. On about 25% forklifts, the sirens were not functioning properly. The results of the analysis are discussed and further courses of action are proposed.
{"title":"Analiza ispravnosti zvučne signalizacije viličara u Republici Srbiji","authors":"Dušan Gavanski, Iva Jelačić","doi":"10.31306/s.61.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.61.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY: The paper explains the terms “indoor transport” and “forklift“, and presents the types of lethal injuries that can occur when using forklifts. The methodology is presented that was used to analyse the proper functioning of sound signalling devices used on forklifts. The descriptive method based on a checklist was used.\u0000The research was conducted on 127 forklifts of average age 15 years. It was determined that about 50% forklifts did not have a properly functioning device that emits sound during driving in reverse. On about 25% forklifts, the sirens were not functioning properly. The results of the analysis are discussed and further courses of action are proposed.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.31306/s.61.3.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45399121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SAŽETAK: Infracrvena termografija je beskontaktna metoda mjerenja energije zračenja objekta koji se promatra. Temperatura površine objekta dobiva se indirektno mjerenjem energije zračenja objekta promatranja. U radu su prikazane mogućnosti primjene infracrvene termografije za ispitivanje prijenosa topline u zaštitnoj odjeći. Iz rezultata mjerenja zaštitne odjeće može se odrediti efektivna toplinska izolacija za zimsku zaštitnu odjeću pri niskim temperaturama pri radu u vanjskom okolišu.
{"title":"Ispitivanje prijenosa topline kod zaštitne odjeće primjenom termovizijske kamere","authors":"Natalija Pejnović, Branko Franković","doi":"10.31306/s.61.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.61.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"SAŽETAK: Infracrvena termografija je beskontaktna metoda mjerenja energije zračenja objekta koji se promatra. Temperatura površine objekta dobiva se indirektno mjerenjem energije zračenja objekta promatranja. U radu su prikazane mogućnosti primjene infracrvene termografije za ispitivanje prijenosa topline u zaštitnoj odjeći. Iz rezultata mjerenja zaštitne odjeće može se odrediti efektivna toplinska izolacija za zimsku zaštitnu odjeću pri niskim temperaturama pri radu u vanjskom okolišu.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.31306/s.61.3.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45901863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanja Grubeša, Antonio Petošić, Mia Suhanek, Ivan Đurek
SUMMARY: This paper deals with the issue of noise as an environmental pollutant, and furthermore it suggests possible solutions for this issue. Sound is a form of energy transmitted by sound waves. In general, sounds may be perceived as desirable or undesirable. Sounds which are considered undesirable and unwanted can be observed as noise, however the perception of sound in general is significantly subjective and individual. In particular, one person can perceive a certain sound as pleasant, whereas another could characterize it as annoying, unpleasant, and generally undesirable. This paper explains the term “noise” in detail, noise indicators as numerical values, and the ways noise can have a negative impact on people. Even today, noise pollution is often neglected compared to other environmental pollutions (i.e. water pollution, soil pollution, air pollution etc.). However, exposure to noise has an accumulative character. The consequences are noticeable after a prolonged exposure and can manifest themselves as bad mood, fatigue, insomnia, headache and loss of concentration, thereby having a direct influence on the quality of life. The focus of this paper is traffic noise and acoustical solutions which can reduce it. The dominant part of sound energy produced by traffic is in the middle-frequency range, which coincides with the range of maximum sensitivity of human hearing. When planning a new traffic route the negative influence of noise on people and the environment can be reduced by choosing the route which is remote from populated areas. In cases when the roads are fitted into the existing terrain and near populated areas, they can be equipped with protective noise barriers. The paper gives a detailed explanation on what noise barriers are, and an overview of different types of noise barriers that are currently in use. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of different types of noise barriers are discussed.
{"title":"Zaštita od buke - zvučne barijere","authors":"Sanja Grubeša, Antonio Petošić, Mia Suhanek, Ivan Đurek","doi":"10.31306/s.61.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.61.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY: This paper deals with the issue of noise as an environmental pollutant, and furthermore it suggests possible solutions for this issue. Sound is a form of energy transmitted by sound waves. In general, sounds may be perceived as desirable or undesirable. Sounds which are considered undesirable and unwanted can be observed as noise, however the perception of sound in general is significantly subjective and individual. In particular, one person can perceive a certain sound as pleasant, whereas another could characterize it as annoying, unpleasant, and generally undesirable. This paper explains the term “noise” in detail, noise indicators as numerical values, and the ways noise can have a negative impact on people. Even today, noise pollution is often neglected compared to other environmental pollutions (i.e. water pollution, soil pollution, air pollution etc.). However, exposure to noise has an accumulative character. The consequences are noticeable after a prolonged exposure and can manifest themselves as bad mood, fatigue, insomnia, headache and loss of concentration, thereby having a direct influence on the quality of life. The focus of this paper is traffic noise and acoustical solutions which can reduce it. The dominant part of sound energy produced by traffic is in the middle-frequency range, which coincides with the range of maximum sensitivity of human hearing. When planning a new traffic route the negative influence of noise on people and the environment can be reduced by choosing the route which is remote from populated areas. In cases when the roads are fitted into the existing terrain and near populated areas, they can be equipped with protective noise barriers. The paper gives a detailed explanation on what noise barriers are, and an overview of different types of noise barriers that are currently in use. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of different types of noise barriers are discussed.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.31306/s.61.3.5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44778893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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