This scientific paper delves into the numerical studies of the process of filling the barrel with water and the subsequent breakup of the water jet and water atomization in the barrel of the fire extinguishing installation. The numerical model of the process of water injection into the barrel with the subsequent breakup of water by a shock wave was substantiated. To simulate these processes, the ANSYS software was used. VOF (volume of fluid) method-based model was applied where it is assumed that there is no penetration of one medium into another. The solution is based on the surface tracking method applied to a fixed Eulerian grid. According to the results of the numerical study, it was established that the water injection time significantly exceeds the duration of the gas detonation cycle in the fire extinguishing installation. In particular, we found out that it takes 8 ms just to spread the water jet from one side of the barrel to the other. It was observed that a high quality of water atomization under the action of a high-speed gas flow including the water located along the barrel wall. We stated that it is unreasonable to use the pulse injection of water into the barrel in the designed fire extinguishing installation due to a high fregiency of the shock wave generation exceeding 23 Hz.
{"title":"Numerical studies of the breakup of the water jet by a shock wave in the barrel of the fire extinguishing installation","authors":"Dmytro Dubinin, Kostyantyn Korytchenko, Yevhen Krivoruchko, Oleg Tryfonov, Oleksandr Sakun, Serhii Ragimov, Volodymyr Tryhub","doi":"10.31306/s.66.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.66.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"This scientific paper delves into the numerical studies of the process of filling the barrel with water and the subsequent breakup of the water jet and water atomization in the barrel of the fire extinguishing installation. The numerical model of the process of water injection into the barrel with the subsequent breakup of water by a shock wave was substantiated. To simulate these processes, the ANSYS software was used. VOF (volume of fluid) method-based model was applied where it is assumed that there is no penetration of one medium into another. The solution is based on the surface tracking method applied to a fixed Eulerian grid. According to the results of the numerical study, it was established that the water injection time significantly exceeds the duration of the gas detonation cycle in the fire extinguishing installation. In particular, we found out that it takes 8 ms just to spread the water jet from one side of the barrel to the other. It was observed that a high quality of water atomization under the action of a high-speed gas flow including the water located along the barrel wall. We stated that it is unreasonable to use the pulse injection of water into the barrel in the designed fire extinguishing installation due to a high fregiency of the shock wave generation exceeding 23 Hz.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141668351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stefano Dugheri, G. Cappelli, Nicola Mucci, G. Arcangeli, Lucia Isolani, L. Trevisani, Donato Squillaci, Elisabetta Bucaletti, Jacopo Ceccarelli, Simone Pettinari, Giovanni Amagliani, Niccolò Fanfani
To date, formaldehyde (FA) is one of the more common chemicals and its use is widespread around the world in different sectors, especially in chemical facilities and health care. FA is widely used in working activities owing to its chemical and physical properties. However, it also represents a concerning hazard for the workers’ health due to its toxicity and recognized carcinogenicity. The FA exposure evaluation in occupational setting has arisen interest in the scientific community that leads to the development of several analytical instruments in order to assess both long term and short-term exposure. The paper presents and discusses an equivalence tests procedure via the 2.4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)-active air sampling formaldehyde (FA) reference method and two non-reference instruments based on continuous, direct reading monitoring, namely ProCeas® (AP2E) and NEMo XT (Ethera). The FA standard atmosphere calibration system was used to check the reference method by Pearson’s test. Subsequently, the Passing-Bablok test was carried out between the non-reference methods and the DNPH method for potential systematic or proportional errors, and finally the Bland-Altman plot was applied to determine the mean bias and the variances of the recorded values by the reference and non-reference methods in on-field sampling. The results showed a good correlation between the non-references method and the DNPH ones, suggesting their possible applications in heterogeneous occupational scenarios.
{"title":"Strategija za ocjenjivanje učinka formaldehida u anatomskom patološkom laboratoriju treći dio","authors":"Stefano Dugheri, G. Cappelli, Nicola Mucci, G. Arcangeli, Lucia Isolani, L. Trevisani, Donato Squillaci, Elisabetta Bucaletti, Jacopo Ceccarelli, Simone Pettinari, Giovanni Amagliani, Niccolò Fanfani","doi":"10.31306/s.66.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.66.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"To date, formaldehyde (FA) is one of the more common chemicals and its use is widespread around the world in different sectors, especially in chemical facilities and health care. FA is widely used in working activities owing to its chemical and physical properties. However, it also represents a concerning hazard for the workers’ health due to its toxicity and recognized carcinogenicity. The FA exposure evaluation in occupational setting has arisen interest in the scientific community that leads to the development of several analytical instruments in order to assess both long term and short-term exposure. The paper presents and discusses an equivalence tests procedure via the 2.4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)-active air sampling formaldehyde (FA) reference method and two non-reference instruments based on continuous, direct reading monitoring, namely ProCeas® (AP2E) and NEMo XT (Ethera). The FA standard atmosphere calibration system was used to check the reference method by Pearson’s test. Subsequently, the Passing-Bablok test was carried out between the non-reference methods and the DNPH method for potential systematic or proportional errors, and finally the Bland-Altman plot was applied to determine the mean bias and the variances of the recorded values by the reference and non-reference methods in on-field sampling. The results showed a good correlation between the non-references method and the DNPH ones, suggesting their possible applications in heterogeneous occupational scenarios.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":"115 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141667726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Kurniati, Rossi Passerella, Indra Gifari Afriansyah, Osvari Arsalan, Aditya Aditya, Muhammad Rizki Fathan, Rani Silvani Yousnaidi, Harumi Veny
The purpose of this research was to look at the behavior of two well-known commercial aircraft types in Indonesia (the A320 and the B738) during the take-off phase. This was done to provide new information in the field of aviation, particularly flight safety. Observations were made at Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport by observing aircraft ADS-B data, which defines the behavior of the flight pattern. This ADS-B data is the subject of data analysis, which will subsequently be taught to the machine (computer) so that it can recognize the pattern and construct clusters. The purpose of this study is to utilize unsupervised learning, specifically K-Means clustering, to categorize and identify patterns in unlabeled ADS-B data obtained from AERO-TRACK. To prepare the raw data and create a dataset, data analysis techniques were employed. The machine learning model generates three distinct clusters: cluster 1 represents aircraft take-off on two-thirds of the runway, cluster 2 represents aircraft take-off on the entire runway, and cluster 3 represents aircraft take-off on one-third of the runway. The elbow method is utilized to analyze and interpret the three clusters produced by the model. An interesting observation is that the B738 aircraft dominate in all three clusters, while the A320 aircraft dominate in clusters 1 and 3. Notably, in cluster 2, there is a significant number of commercial planes taking off, accounting for 145 out of 628 flights. Based on the observed data spanning 91 days (September 26 to December 26, 2022), there is a 23% probability of runway excursion (overshooting the runway) in this cluster. Additionally, the research reveals that A320 aircraft demonstrate a safe zone take-off rate of 87%, whereas the B738 aircraft demonstrate a rate of 70.5%. These findings, derived from the analysis of ADS-B data such as GPS-Altitude and Coordinate, are intended to serve as valuable knowledge for aviation authorities, aviation users, and other stakeholders in the aviation industry.
{"title":"Nenadzirana praktična analiza ponašanja aviona A320 i B738 provedena u međunarodnoj zračnoj luci Sultan Hasanuddin","authors":"R. Kurniati, Rossi Passerella, Indra Gifari Afriansyah, Osvari Arsalan, Aditya Aditya, Muhammad Rizki Fathan, Rani Silvani Yousnaidi, Harumi Veny","doi":"10.31306/s.66.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.66.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was to look at the behavior of two well-known commercial aircraft types in Indonesia (the A320 and the B738) during the take-off phase. This was done to provide new information in the field of aviation, particularly flight safety. Observations were made at Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport by observing aircraft ADS-B data, which defines the behavior of the flight pattern. This ADS-B data is the subject of data analysis, which will subsequently be taught to the machine (computer) so that it can recognize the pattern and construct clusters. The purpose of this study is to utilize unsupervised learning, specifically K-Means clustering, to categorize and identify patterns in unlabeled ADS-B data obtained from AERO-TRACK. To prepare the raw data and create a dataset, data analysis techniques were employed. The machine learning model generates three distinct clusters: cluster 1 represents aircraft take-off on two-thirds of the runway, cluster 2 represents aircraft take-off on the entire runway, and cluster 3 represents aircraft take-off on one-third of the runway. The elbow method is utilized to analyze and interpret the three clusters produced by the model. An interesting observation is that the B738 aircraft dominate in all three clusters, while the A320 aircraft dominate in clusters 1 and 3. Notably, in cluster 2, there is a significant number of commercial planes taking off, accounting for 145 out of 628 flights. Based on the observed data spanning 91 days (September 26 to December 26, 2022), there is a 23% probability of runway excursion (overshooting the runway) in this cluster. Additionally, the research reveals that A320 aircraft demonstrate a safe zone take-off rate of 87%, whereas the B738 aircraft demonstrate a rate of 70.5%. These findings, derived from the analysis of ADS-B data such as GPS-Altitude and Coordinate, are intended to serve as valuable knowledge for aviation authorities, aviation users, and other stakeholders in the aviation industry.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":"111 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141667924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aims to explain what dimensions of the satisfaction of Croatian police officers with internal feedback are predictors of their readiness to explain their actions to citizens. The survey was conducted in 2020 on a convenience sample of 1260 police officers. The questionnaire measures satisfaction with feedback as one of eight dimensions of satisfaction with internal communication and police legitimacy in two dimensions of police and citizen interaction: accountability (citizens) – attitude and behaviour. The purpose is to compare feedback in internal and external police communication and examine to what extent the satisfaction of police officers with feedback contributes to the understanding of their attitudes and behaviour towards explaining actions to citizens. The results indicate the weak predictive power of variables that measure satisfaction with feedback in understanding the attitudes and behaviour of police officers related to explaining their actions to citizens. However, when introduced into the predictor model that contains the criterion variable "Behaviour related to explaining police actions to citizens" is the variable of attitude, the proportion of the variance explained increases significantly. The contribution of the paper is an analysis of the connection between internal and external communication of police officers in Croatia, and communication research is extremely important in police organizations in transition countries that undergo a transition from the traditional policing models to citizen-oriented policing models. A limitation of the paper is that only one aspect of internal communication has been examined in isolation. Therefore, new research should examine the complex nature of internal communication within a police organization in the context of the quality of police officers' relations with citizens, especially in relation to the willingness to explain police actions, as an important dimension of trust in the police.
{"title":"Odnos između povratnih informacija u internoj i eksternoj komunikaciji policije","authors":"Ana Marija Dunaj, Krunoslav Borovec, A. Pavičić","doi":"10.31306/s.66.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.66.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to explain what dimensions of the satisfaction of Croatian police officers with internal feedback are predictors of their readiness to explain their actions to citizens. The survey was conducted in 2020 on a convenience sample of 1260 police officers. The questionnaire measures satisfaction with feedback as one of eight dimensions of satisfaction with internal communication and police legitimacy in two dimensions of police and citizen interaction: accountability (citizens) – attitude and behaviour. The purpose is to compare feedback in internal and external police communication and examine to what extent the satisfaction of police officers with feedback contributes to the understanding of their attitudes and behaviour towards explaining actions to citizens. The results indicate the weak predictive power of variables that measure satisfaction with feedback in understanding the attitudes and behaviour of police officers related to explaining their actions to citizens. However, when introduced into the predictor model that contains the criterion variable \"Behaviour related to explaining police actions to citizens\" is the variable of attitude, the proportion of the variance explained increases significantly. The contribution of the paper is an analysis of the connection between internal and external communication of police officers in Croatia, and communication research is extremely important in police organizations in transition countries that undergo a transition from the traditional policing models to citizen-oriented policing models. A limitation of the paper is that only one aspect of internal communication has been examined in isolation. Therefore, new research should examine the complex nature of internal communication within a police organization in the context of the quality of police officers' relations with citizens, especially in relation to the willingness to explain police actions, as an important dimension of trust in the police.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":"109 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141667120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U ovome radu prikazane su konvencije Međunarodne organizacije rada s posebnim osvrtom na konvencije u području zaštite zdravlja i sigurnosti na radu, kao univerzalna, pisana vrela suvremenih (kolektivnih i individualnih) radnih odnosa. Naime, prirodno pravo (ljudsko pravo, pravo čovjeka) čovjeka je da uživa pravedne i povoljne uvjete rada koji, napose, osiguravaju: pravo na plaću i naknade (jednake za jednake uvjete rada, odnosno jednake vrijednosti bez ikakvog razlikovanja), ravnopravnost muškarca i žene, pristojan život radnika i njihovih obitelji, sigurne i zdrave uvjete rada, jednaku mogućnost napredovanja, ograničeno radno vrijeme, odmor i dopuste, plaćene blagdane i drugo. Bez obzira na različite podjele konvencija, u radu su prikazane konvencije Međunarodne organizacije rada koje je Republika Hrvatska ratificirala (i to onim, kronološkim, redom kako su donesene) jer upravo „redoslijed“ donošenja konvencija kazuje o razvoju radnog prava, odnosno brige za radne i životne uvjete radnika. U sadržaju ovog rada posebni dio odnosi se na konvencije u području sigurnost i zaštite zdravlja na radu.
{"title":"Survey of international labor organization conventions on health and safety at work","authors":"M. Učur, C. Kovač, Ivana Krišto, Ana Šijaković","doi":"10.31306/s.66.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.66.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"U ovome radu prikazane su konvencije Međunarodne organizacije rada s posebnim osvrtom na konvencije u području zaštite zdravlja i sigurnosti na radu, kao univerzalna, pisana vrela suvremenih (kolektivnih i individualnih) radnih odnosa. Naime, prirodno pravo (ljudsko pravo, pravo čovjeka) čovjeka je da uživa pravedne i povoljne uvjete rada koji, napose, osiguravaju: pravo na plaću i naknade (jednake za jednake uvjete rada, odnosno jednake vrijednosti bez ikakvog razlikovanja), ravnopravnost muškarca i žene, pristojan život radnika i njihovih obitelji, sigurne i zdrave uvjete rada, jednaku mogućnost napredovanja, ograničeno radno vrijeme, odmor i dopuste, plaćene blagdane i drugo.\u0000Bez obzira na različite podjele konvencija, u radu su prikazane konvencije Međunarodne organizacije rada koje je Republika Hrvatska ratificirala (i to onim, kronološkim, redom kako su donesene) jer upravo „redoslijed“ donošenja konvencija kazuje o razvoju radnog prava, odnosno brige za radne i životne uvjete radnika.\u0000U sadržaju ovog rada posebni dio odnosi se na konvencije u području sigurnost i zaštite zdravlja na radu.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":" 539","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141669567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Dugheri, G. Cappelli, N. Mucci, Giulio Arcangeli, Lucia Isolani, L. Trevisani, Donato Squillaci, Elisabetta Bucaletti, Jacopo Ceccarelli, Simone Pettinari, Giovanni Amagliani, Niccolò Fanfani
Formaldehyde (FA) is a hazardous chemical, highly used in the anatomical pathology laboratories. The adverse health effects related to FA occupational exposure are generally related to long-term exposure, however the short-term exposure to peak concentrations are equally of high concern. The occupational monitoring commonly uses the 8h-Time Weight Average (TWA) metric to assess the exposure, but for those chemicals with acute effects, also the15min short-term exposure is strongly recommended. In this study, the occupational monitoring was carried out in an anatomical pathology laboratory with an in-continuous, instantaneous, and direct reading instrument for 65 work shifts (WS). In none of these, the FA European Union (EU) TWA occupational limit (620 g/m3) was exceeded. Differently, in 40 WS the EU Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) (740 g/m3) was exceeded, even several times a WS. In sight of this, the 8h-TWA metric only could give poor information of the exposure scenario, involving peak emissions, then a 15min peak exposure assessment, via in continuous monitoring, could help managing the risk. In addition, using the inference equation, an Action Value (AV) of the 8h-TWA above which the 15min measurements are strongly recommended, equal to 23.1 g/m3, is suggested for FA.
甲醛（FA）是一种危险化学品，在解剖病理实验室中使用率很高。与 FA 职业接触有关的不良健康影响通常与长期接触有关，但短期接触峰值浓度同样值得高度关注。职业监测通常使用 8 小时时间重量平均值（TWA）指标来评估接触情况，但对于具有急性影响的化学品，强烈建议使用 15 分钟的短期接触指标。在本研究中，职业监测是在解剖病理学实验室中进行的，使用的是连续、瞬时和直读仪器，共进行了 65 个工作班（WS）。在这些工作班次中，没有一个超过欧盟（EU）的 FA TWA 职业限值（620 g/m3）。不同的是，有 40 个工作班超过了欧盟短期接触限值 (STEL)（740 g/m3），甚至一个工作班多次超标。有鉴于此，8 小时 TWA 指标只能提供有关峰值排放的暴露情景的少量信息，而通过连续监测进行的 15 分钟峰值暴露评估则有助于管理风险。此外，利用推论方程，建议 FA 采用 8 小时 TWA 的行动值 (AV)，超过该值则强烈建议进行 15 分钟测量，该值等于 23.1 g/m3 。
{"title":"Strategy to evaluate the impact of formaldehyde in anatomical pathology laboratory part II","authors":"S. Dugheri, G. Cappelli, N. Mucci, Giulio Arcangeli, Lucia Isolani, L. Trevisani, Donato Squillaci, Elisabetta Bucaletti, Jacopo Ceccarelli, Simone Pettinari, Giovanni Amagliani, Niccolò Fanfani","doi":"10.31306/s.66.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.66.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Formaldehyde (FA) is a hazardous chemical, highly used in the anatomical pathology laboratories. The adverse health effects related to FA occupational exposure are generally related to long-term exposure, however the short-term exposure to peak concentrations are equally of high concern. The occupational monitoring commonly uses the 8h-Time Weight Average (TWA) metric to assess the exposure, but for those chemicals with acute effects, also the15min short-term exposure is strongly recommended. In this study, the occupational monitoring was carried out in an anatomical pathology laboratory with an in-continuous, instantaneous, and direct reading instrument for 65 work shifts (WS). In none of these, the FA European Union (EU) TWA occupational limit (620 g/m3) was exceeded. Differently, in 40 WS the EU Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) (740 g/m3) was exceeded, even several times a WS. In sight of this, the 8h-TWA metric only could give poor information of the exposure scenario, involving peak emissions, then a 15min peak exposure assessment, via in continuous monitoring, could help managing the risk. In addition, using the inference equation, an Action Value (AV) of the 8h-TWA above which the 15min measurements are strongly recommended, equal to 23.1 g/m3, is suggested for FA.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":"384 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140751479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Temeljni cilj ovoga rada jest istražiti i analizirati uzroke nastanka izvanrednih događaja u željezničkom prometu. Svrha rada jest prepoznati glavne uzročnike nastanka izvanrednih događaja kako bi moguće korektivne akcije rezultirale maksimalnim povećanjem sigurnosti željezničkog prometa. Rezultati istraživanja temelje se na sekundarnim podacima o uzrocima nastanka izvanrednih događaja na prugama HŽ Infrastrukture za razdoblje od 2014. do 2019. godine. U radu su korištene znanstvene metode analize i sinteze, metode deskriptivne statistike te Pareto grafikon. Glavni nalaz ovoga rada upućuje na zaključak da su nesmotreno ili zlonamjerno djelovanje drugih osoba i tehnički nedostatak na infrastrukturnim podsustavima ili vozilima upravitelja infrastrukture odgovorni za 83,7 % izvanrednih događaja na prugama HŽ Infrastrukture, dakle više od svih drugih uzročnika zajedno.
本建议的主要目的是确定和分析铁路运输事故的原因。Svrha rada jest prepoznati hlavní uzročnike naska izvanrednih događaja kako bi moguće korektivne akcije rezultirale maksimalnim povećanjem sigurnosti željezničkog prometa.本建议基于科学的方法，旨在为 HŽ Infrastrukture 公司在 2014 年至 2019 年期间的发展提供建议。该建议基于科学的分析和综合方法、描述性统计和帕累托图表。在 HŽ Infrastrukture 的报告中，Glavni nalaz ovoga rada upućuje na zaključak da su nesmotreno ili zlonamjerno djelovanje drugih osoba i technikki nedostatak na infrastrukturnim podustavima ili vozilima upravitelja infrastruktury odgovorni za 83,7 % izvanrednih događaja na prugama HŽ Infrastrukture, dakle više od svih drugih uzročnika zajedno.
{"title":"Pareto analiza uzroka nastanka izvanrednih događaja u željezničkom prometu","authors":"Drago Pupavac, Marko Kršulja, Josip Knežević","doi":"10.31306/s.66.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.66.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Temeljni cilj ovoga rada jest istražiti i analizirati uzroke nastanka izvanrednih događaja u željezničkom prometu. Svrha rada jest prepoznati glavne uzročnike nastanka izvanrednih događaja kako bi moguće korektivne akcije rezultirale maksimalnim povećanjem sigurnosti željezničkog prometa. Rezultati istraživanja temelje se na sekundarnim podacima o uzrocima nastanka izvanrednih događaja na prugama HŽ Infrastrukture za razdoblje od 2014. do 2019. godine. U radu su korištene znanstvene metode analize i sinteze, metode deskriptivne statistike te Pareto grafikon. Glavni nalaz ovoga rada upućuje na zaključak da su nesmotreno ili zlonamjerno djelovanje drugih osoba i tehnički nedostatak na infrastrukturnim podsustavima ili vozilima upravitelja infrastrukture odgovorni za 83,7 % izvanrednih događaja na prugama HŽ Infrastrukture, dakle više od svih drugih uzročnika zajedno.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":"44 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140752107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Krunoslav Borovec, Mirjana Kondor Langer, Stjepan Gluščič
This paper was written as part of the research project "Research of public opinion on the state of safety, behaviour and habits of participants in road traffic in the Republic of Croatia". The goal of this research is to determine the frequency of violations of traffic regulations related to drivers, pedestrians and passengers in vehicles, and to determine whether there is a connection between the experience of suffering of the aforementioned road users and their punishable behaviour. For this purpose, a quantitative research was conducted in which a multi-method approach was used in field data collection, a combination of telephone research (CATI) - 60% of the sample and online research (CAWI) - 40% of the sample. Respondents from the entire territory of the Republic of Croatia (N=2072) over the age of 16 were included in the research. In general, it can be concluded that the violation of traffic regulations is very frequent and present among the majority of different road users, and that road users who have recently experienced a traffic accident in any capacity, very rarely violate traffic regulations, as car drivers. Conversely, involvement in traffic accidents has not been shown to deter pedestrians and vehicle occupants from repeating traffic violations. The obtained results have a practical value, especially in the context of planning preventive programs and strategies, while the limitations of the research are reflected in the fact that only one independent variable was included in the correlation with committing traffic violations, regardless of other known predictors of punishable behaviour in traffic.
{"title":"The connection of the experience of involvement in traffic accidents with the punishable behavior of traffic participants","authors":"Krunoslav Borovec, Mirjana Kondor Langer, Stjepan Gluščič","doi":"10.31306/s.66.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.66.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"This paper was written as part of the research project \"Research of public opinion on the state of safety, behaviour and habits of participants in road traffic in the Republic of Croatia\". The goal of this research is to determine the frequency of violations of traffic regulations related to drivers, pedestrians and passengers in vehicles, and to determine whether there is a connection between the experience of suffering of the aforementioned road users and their punishable behaviour. For this purpose, a quantitative research was conducted in which a multi-method approach was used in field data collection, a combination of telephone research (CATI) - 60% of the sample and online research (CAWI) - 40% of the sample. Respondents from the entire territory of the Republic of Croatia (N=2072) over the age of 16 were included in the research. In general, it can be concluded that the violation of traffic regulations is very frequent and present among the majority of different road users, and that road users who have recently experienced a traffic accident in any capacity, very rarely violate traffic regulations, as car drivers. Conversely, involvement in traffic accidents has not been shown to deter pedestrians and vehicle occupants from repeating traffic violations. The obtained results have a practical value, especially in the context of planning preventive programs and strategies, while the limitations of the research are reflected in the fact that only one independent variable was included in the correlation with committing traffic violations, regardless of other known predictors of punishable behaviour in traffic.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":"32 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140752590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polazište i okvir ovog rada je određenje zajedničkog cilj državne uprave, odnosno javne uprave (koja u širem smislu obuhvaća državnu upravu, lokalnu i područnu (regionalnu) samoupravu i javne službe), koje u najširem smislu imaju za cilj „zadovoljavanje općih interesa i javnih potreba“, pa tako i javnog interesa u području zaštite na radu . U ovome radu piše se o poslovima državne uprave, ustrojstvu državne uprave (pa i u 2023. godini), a posebno o Ministarstvu rada, mirovinskoga sustava, obitelji i socijalne politike (Uprava za rad i zaštitu na radu, istaknuto) i Državnom inspektoratu (područjima inspekcijskih poslova i „sektoru inspekcije rada“), kao i o uredbama o unutrašnjem ustroju tijela državne uprave. Izdvaja se dio sadržaja u radu koji se odnosi na kronološki (razvojni) prikaz tijela državne uprave (njihovo ustrojstvo i djelokrug kroz ministarstva, središnjih državnih ureda i državnih upravnih organizacija u području zaštite na radu od 1990. do 2023. godine). Ustav Republike Hrvatske i zakoni na snazi (kao i oni koji su važili od 1990. godine utvrđuju poslove državne uprave kao uvjetovanih cjelina: provedba državnih politika; neposredna provedba zakona i drugih propisa te izravno primjenjivih propisa Europske unije; inspekcijski nadzori; upravni nadzori; drugi upravni i stručni poslovi državne uprave. Za uspješno funkcioniranje tog sustava bitni su, pored drugih, ustrojstvo državne uprave. To se u ovom radu ističe prikazom ustrojstva nadležnosti tijela državne uprave Republike Hrvatske u području zaštite na radu.
本报告涉及国家行政部门的业务、国家行政部门的结构（以及在 2023 年），特别是理事会、和平、公民和社会政策部（理事会和社会政策部的行政部门）的业务、国家行政部门的结构（以及在 2023 年），特别是理事会、和平、公民和社会政策部（理事会和社会政策部的行政部门）的业务、国家行政部门的结构（以及在 2023 年），特别是理事会、和平、公民和社会政策部（理事会和社会政策部的行政部门）的业务、国家行政部门的结构（以及在 2023 年）。本报告涉及国家行政机构的业务、国家行政机构的结构（以及 2023 年的结构），特别是理事会、 和平、公民和社会政策部（理事会和理事会保护管理局）和国家监察局（监察业务和 "理事会监察 部门"），以及关于国家行政机构内部结构的条例。出版了一系列关于国家行政机构按时间顺序（发展）概述的报告（从 1990 年到 2023 年，通过各部委、中央国家机构和安全领域的国家行政组织的结构和工作流程）。克罗地亚共和国宪法》和相关法律（以及自 1990 年起生效的法律）。除其他外，这一制度的成功运作取决于公务员制度的结构。To se u ovom radu ističe prikazom ustrojstva nadležnosti tijela držav správy Republike Hrvatske u području zaštite na radu.
{"title":"Partial overview of the state administration bodies in Croatia responsible for occupational safety, 1990 to 2023","authors":"C. Kovač, M. Učur, Ivana Krišto","doi":"10.31306/s.66.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.66.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Polazište i okvir ovog rada je određenje zajedničkog cilj državne uprave, odnosno javne uprave (koja u širem smislu obuhvaća državnu upravu, lokalnu i područnu (regionalnu) samoupravu i javne službe), koje u najširem smislu imaju za cilj „zadovoljavanje općih interesa i javnih potreba“, pa tako i javnog interesa u području zaštite na radu . U ovome radu piše se o poslovima državne uprave, ustrojstvu državne uprave (pa i u 2023. godini), a posebno o Ministarstvu rada, mirovinskoga sustava, obitelji i socijalne politike (Uprava za rad i zaštitu na radu, istaknuto) i Državnom inspektoratu (područjima inspekcijskih poslova i „sektoru inspekcije rada“), kao i o uredbama o unutrašnjem ustroju tijela državne uprave. Izdvaja se dio sadržaja u radu koji se odnosi na kronološki (razvojni) prikaz tijela državne uprave (njihovo ustrojstvo i djelokrug kroz ministarstva, središnjih državnih ureda i državnih upravnih organizacija u području zaštite na radu od 1990. do 2023. godine).\u0000Ustav Republike Hrvatske i zakoni na snazi (kao i oni koji su važili od 1990. godine utvrđuju poslove državne uprave kao uvjetovanih cjelina: provedba državnih politika; neposredna provedba zakona i drugih propisa te izravno primjenjivih propisa Europske unije; inspekcijski nadzori; upravni nadzori; drugi upravni i stručni poslovi državne uprave. Za uspješno funkcioniranje tog sustava bitni su, pored drugih, ustrojstvo državne uprave. To se u ovom radu ističe prikazom ustrojstva nadležnosti tijela državne uprave Republike Hrvatske u području zaštite na radu.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140755356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The batik industry as one of Malaysian cultural heritage is mainly located on the East Coast of Malaysia, particularly in the states of Kelantan and Terengganu. Most of the industry is home-based. Hence, the traditional batik work environment and tasks impose threats to the well-being of the artisans. This study investigates ergonomic issues and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in two of Kelantan’s batik industries. The artisans’ natural working postures and the environments of the two places were observed and video recorded. Muscle activations on the wrist of the artisan doing the paint (canting) were imitated. Surface electromyography (sEMG) investigations were performed in the laboratory. A questionnaire survey was also distributed among craftsmen and artisans involved in the batik industry in Kelantan. Results illustrate evidence of the need to educate batik industries on ergonomic risk factors. According to the survey of 33 respondents, the most affected body parts are the waist (60%), back and feet (57%). The walkthroughs and site visits showed that batik making process demands awkward postures which include standing, precision handling of hand tools, trunk bending & rotating and overreaching repetitively between 4 to 8 hours. The Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) index obtained from the assessments ranges from 7-8. It was also shown from the sEMG data that trunk bending affects muscle contraction of the wrist during painting movement. Therefore, immediate interventions are required to improve batik artisans’ postural working conditions, especially on the neck, trunk, legs, wrists and arms.
{"title":"Čimbenici rizika i učestalost mišićno-koštanih tegoba radnika pri radu u tehnici batika uzrokovanih položajem tijela i rada mišića ruku","authors":"D. I. Daruis, D. Mohamad, N. K. Khamis","doi":"10.31306/s.66.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31306/s.66.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The batik industry as one of Malaysian cultural heritage is mainly located on the East Coast of Malaysia, particularly in the states of Kelantan and Terengganu. Most of the industry is home-based. Hence, the traditional batik work environment and tasks impose threats to the well-being of the artisans. This study investigates ergonomic issues and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in two of Kelantan’s batik industries. The artisans’ natural working postures and the environments of the two places were observed and video recorded. Muscle activations on the wrist of the artisan doing the paint (canting) were imitated. Surface electromyography (sEMG) investigations were performed in the laboratory. A questionnaire survey was also distributed among craftsmen and artisans involved in the batik industry in Kelantan. Results illustrate evidence of the need to educate batik industries on ergonomic risk factors. According to the survey of 33 respondents, the most affected body parts are the waist (60%), back and feet (57%). The walkthroughs and site visits showed that batik making process demands awkward postures which include standing, precision handling of hand tools, trunk bending & rotating and overreaching repetitively between 4 to 8 hours. The Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) index obtained from the assessments ranges from 7-8. It was also shown from the sEMG data that trunk bending affects muscle contraction of the wrist during painting movement. Therefore, immediate interventions are required to improve batik artisans’ postural working conditions, especially on the neck, trunk, legs, wrists and arms.","PeriodicalId":53654,"journal":{"name":"Sigurnost","volume":"114 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140755847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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