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Ethnography of Horse Racing Gamblers’ Lives. Constructing Biographical Narratives in the Process of Interviewing 赛马赌徒生活的民族志。在访谈过程中建构传记叙事
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.19.4.01
Barbara Bossak-Herbst, Małgorzata Głowacka-Grajper
In this paper, we analyze the narrative strategies employed by horse racing gamblers in the context of their interactions within interviews. The empirical base consisted of 20 semi-structured interviews conducted with long-term regular gamblers from Warsaw, Poland. First, we state our position in the context of interviews with people aware they may be assessed negatively regarding a very important part of their lives. Second, we discuss how the interlocutors presented their biographies and employed discursive methods of protection against negative interpretation. The research reveals how bettors justify their passion by referring to individual myths about the origins of their interest in gambling. We reveal how bettors consciously employ emotive discursive methods that alleviate the discourse of addiction. Emotions are not presented as triggered by compulsively realized needs but as a result of intellectual passion, pursued by like-minded people joined by a drive for agency.
在本文中,我们分析了赛马赌徒在访谈中的互动背景下所采用的叙事策略。实证基础包括对来自波兰华沙的长期赌徒进行的20次半结构化访谈。首先,我们在采访的背景下陈述我们的立场,这些人意识到他们可能会在生活的一个非常重要的部分被负面评估。其次,我们讨论了对话者如何呈现他们的传记,并使用话语方法来防止负面解释。这项研究揭示了投注者是如何通过引用关于他们对赌博兴趣起源的个人神话来证明他们的热情的。我们揭示了赌博者如何有意识地使用情感话语方法来减轻成瘾的话语。情感不是由强制实现的需求触发的,而是由志同道合的人追求的智力激情的结果,并加入了对代理的驱动。
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引用次数: 0
Between Sport and Leisure: Competitive Senior Ballroom Dancing as Serious Leisure 在运动与休闲之间:竞技高级交际舞作为严肃休闲
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.19.4.03
Mariusz Finkielsztein
The article examines the motivations, attitudes, and practices of senior ballroom dancing (dancers over 30 years of age). The paper is based on qualitative research (interviews and participant observation) conducted in one Warsaw dancing club and presents senior ballroom dancing as serious leisure as conceptualized by Robert Stebbins, that is, a pursuit of leisure activity that involves long-term commitment and substantial investment in one’s development (and thus, significant personal effort) that creates a distinct social world and a strong identification with the chosen activity. Dancing as a serious leisure activity falls somewhere in the middle of the sport-leisure continuum, and senior ballroom dancing is analyzed as a liminal case between these two, oscillating between recreation and competitive approach. The article investigates the process of professionalization of leisure, showing what place dance and competitions occupy in the lives of senior dancers.
本文考察了高级交际舞(30岁以上的舞者)的动机、态度和实践。本文基于在华沙一家舞蹈俱乐部进行的定性研究(访谈和参与者观察),并将高级交际舞作为罗伯特·斯特宾斯概念化的严肃休闲活动,也就是说,对休闲活动的追求涉及长期承诺和对个人发展的大量投资(因此,重大的个人努力),创造了一个独特的社会世界和对所选活动的强烈认同。舞蹈作为一种严肃的休闲活动处于运动-休闲连续体的中间位置,而高级交际舞被分析为介于这两者之间的一个阈值案例,在娱乐和竞争方式之间摇摆。本文考察了休闲职业化的过程,揭示了舞蹈和比赛在老年舞者生活中的地位。
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引用次数: 0
Language at Stake in International Research Collaboration—Methodical Reflections on a Multi-Sited, Rapid Ethnographic Study 语言在国际研究合作中的利害关系——对多地点、快速人种学研究的系统反思
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.19.3.01
S. Glasdam, F. Jacobsen, Gudmund Ågotnes, Sigrid Stjernswärd
Based on experiences from multi-sited, rapid ethnographic fieldwork about age-friendly communities, the article aims at shedding light and reflecting on the encountered challenges and potentials regarding language and communication. Moreover, the aim is to contribute to enhancing researchers’ awareness of and preparedness to meet and address such challenges in future research endeavors. As English often serves as a lingua franca for Western-dominated international research collaborations, the implications thereof for researchers/participants, the use of interpreters, and linguistic pitfalls are discussed. Such attention is significant for international collaboration, methodical choices, and research quality. International rapid ethnographic fieldwork requires thorough preparation and reflection to properly handle linguistic and cultural competencies, nuances, and understandings incorporated in the researchers, with subsequent consequences for research processes/ outcomes.
基于对老年友好社区的多地点、快速的民族志田野调查的经验,本文旨在揭示和反思老年友好社区在语言和沟通方面遇到的挑战和潜力。此外,其目的是帮助提高研究人员在未来的研究工作中对这些挑战的认识和准备。由于英语经常作为西方主导的国际研究合作的通用语,因此对研究人员/参与者的影响,口译员的使用和语言陷阱进行了讨论。这种关注对于国际合作、有条理的选择和研究质量具有重要意义。国际快速人种志实地调查需要充分的准备和反思,以正确处理语言和文化能力、细微差别和研究人员的理解,以及随后对研究过程/结果的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Coping with Stigma: Experiences and Responses of Former Youth in Care 应对耻辱:护理中的前青年的经历和回应
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.19.3.02
Christine Carey
This paper examines social stigma in relation to child welfare involvement. Drawing on interviews with twenty former youth in care, the paper highlights the participants’ experiences with stigma and their adaptive responses. Notably, participants described pervasive stigma that accompanied their status as youth in care. To contend with the stigma they experienced, participants developed a range of responses, including concealment, challenging the stereotypes, physical retaliation, and seeking solidarity. The study aligns with previous research identifying concealment as a relevant strategy for mitigating the effects of stigma among foster care recipients. However, the results also extend the literature in this area by identifying additional adaptive responses. Moreover, the participants revealed that the stigma they experienced was pervasive, yielding long-term effects.
本文研究了与儿童福利参与相关的社会污名。该论文通过对20名前受照顾青年的采访,强调了参与者的耻辱经历及其适应性反应。值得注意的是,参与者描述了伴随着他们作为被护理青年的身份而来的普遍污名。为了应对他们所经历的耻辱,参与者制定了一系列应对措施,包括隐瞒、挑战刻板印象、身体报复和寻求团结。这项研究与之前的研究一致,认为隐瞒是减轻寄养对象污名化影响的相关策略。然而,研究结果也通过识别额外的适应性反应扩展了该领域的文献。此外,参与者透露,他们所经历的耻辱是普遍存在的,产生了长期影响。
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引用次数: 0
Awareness Context and Social Recognition: Reconsidering a Case Study of “Dialogue” between Different Ethnic Persons in Japan 意识语境与社会认同:以日本不同族群之间的“对话”为个案再思考
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.19.3.04
Ken’ichi Yamaguchi
This study incorporates Honneth’s social recognition into awareness context theory by reconsidering a case study of the dialogue between Zainichi Korean and Japanese people in Japan. It revitalizes the theoretical significance of Strauss’ symbolic interactionism in terms of its focus on power dynamics and conflicts between the majority and minorities that differ in the cultural or ethnic background in modern global society. Incorporating critical theory into symbolic interactionism is a method of enhancing its contemporary significance. However, the discrepancy between them remains unresolved. There are some previous studies on Zainichi Koreans’ dialogue and the public sphere. Still, this case uniquely fits the aim of this study. As a result, it proposes both a substantive theory as a social justice inquiry in Japanese society and a modified formal theory of awareness context by adopting the theoretical perspective coined in this study and using abductive reasoning in the reconsideration. The substantive theory proposes a joint action characterized by unending mutual recognition and pragmatist dissent as a pragmatist public sphere between different ethnic persons in Japan. It is a method of grassroots communication that realizes liberal democracy as the form of modern society in Japan, liberating people from the Japanese communitarian mindset of Wa. The formal theory proposes new awareness contexts focusing on information and social recognition, which applies to the majority-minority relationship that differs in cultural or ethnic backgrounds from a theoretical perspective by focusing on conflicts between traditional cultural communities and modern society. Additionally, as an implication of this study, a pluralistic character of symbolic interactionism united by common frameworks of formal theories is proposed.
本研究通过对在日朝鲜人与日本人对话的个案研究,将洪尼斯的社会认知纳入意识语境理论。它重新激活了施特劳斯符号互动主义的理论意义,因为它关注的是现代全球社会中文化或种族背景不同的多数人和少数人之间的权力动态和冲突。将批判性理论纳入符号互动主义是增强其当代意义的一种方法。然而,它们之间的差异仍未得到解决。以前有一些关于在日朝鲜人对话和公共领域的研究。尽管如此,这个案例完全符合本研究的目的。因此,它采用本研究创造的理论视角,并在反思中使用溯因推理,提出了一种作为日本社会正义探究的实体理论和一种改良的意识语境形式理论。实体主义理论提出了日本不同民族之间作为实用主义公共领域的一种以无休止的相互承认和实用主义异议为特征的共同行动。这是一种基层沟通方式,实现了自由民主作为日本现代社会的形式,将人们从日本的社群主义心态中解放出来。形式理论提出了以信息和社会认同为核心的新的意识语境,通过关注传统文化社区与现代社会之间的冲突,从理论角度适用于文化或种族背景不同的多数-少数关系。此外,作为本研究的一个启示,符号互动主义的多元化特征被形式理论的共同框架所统一。
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引用次数: 0
Caught in a Matrix of Factors: A Pilot Study of Female Retirees Receiving Below-Minimum Pension Payments 陷入因素矩阵:女性退休人员领取低于最低养老金的试点研究
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.19.3.03
Stefan Bieńkowski, Danuta Życzyńska-Ciołek
Pension systems based on an insurance model were originally designed for male breadwinners who worked under permanent contracts without career breaks. Since their inception, women’s participation in the workforce has increased significantly, but on average, their employment career paths are still shorter and less linear compared to those that men enjoy. Demographic changes have prompted many countries to reform their pension systems to ensure long-term financial sustainability. And to varying degrees, such reforms also have looked to address the issue of short careers. In Poland, reforms introduced in 1999 brought about significant changes to the rules governing pension entitlement. That led to the emergence of a new category of retirees—those who had contributed to the pension system for a short period and consequently received very low pensions. This article provides an overview of an exploratory qualitative pilot study conducted in 2018 with nine women who were in receipt of benefits from the Polish universal pension system, which amounted to less than the so-called ‘lowest retirement pension’ being granted at that time. The analysis makes recourse to the concept of employment career and its connection to retirement to identify various life-course determinants that contributed to their situation. These factors include childhood and adolescent adversities that affected educational attainment; domestic and caregiving responsibilities coupled with cultural expectations and insufficient institutional support; the labor market situation, and the inability to document certain employment periods. The research material indicates that a significant portion of the work performed by the interviewees throughout their lives did not translate into a pension benefit, as it either involved unpaid domestic and caregiving duties; or work performed without formal contracts.
基于保险模式的养老金制度最初是为那些根据永久合同工作而没有职业中断的男性养家糊口者设计的。自成立以来,妇女参与劳动力市场的人数大幅增加,但平均而言,与男性相比,她们的就业职业道路仍然更短,也不那么线性。人口结构的变化促使许多国家改革养老金制度,以确保长期的财政可持续性。在不同程度上,这些改革也试图解决职业生涯短的问题。在波兰,1999年实行的改革使养老金管理规则发生了重大变化。这导致了一类新的退休人员的出现——那些在短期内为养老金系统缴款,因此领取的养老金非常低的人。本文概述了2018年对九名从波兰全民养老金制度中领取福利的女性进行的一项探索性定性试点研究,该研究的金额低于当时所谓的“最低退休养老金”。该分析利用了就业职业的概念及其与退休的联系,以确定导致其处境的各种人生过程决定因素。这些因素包括影响受教育程度的儿童和青少年逆境;家庭和照顾责任,加上文化期望和机构支持不足;劳动力市场状况,以及无法记录某些就业期。研究材料表明,受访者一生中所做的大部分工作并没有转化为养老金福利,因为这要么涉及无偿的家务和照顾职责;或在没有正式合同的情况下进行的工作。
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引用次数: 0
Entering Iranian Homes: Privacy Borders and Hospitality in Iranian Movies 走进伊朗家庭:伊朗电影中的隐私边界和好客
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.19.2.03
Foroogh Mohammadi, Lisa-Jo K. Van den Scott
The architecture of homes in Iran has changed significantly over the past four decades since the 1979 Iranian revolution. We ask how these architectural changes shift neighborhood relationships and how they transform the Iranians’ hospitality rituals and practices. We conducted a qualitative content analysis of eighteen Iranian movies filmed after the 1979 revolution. They allowed us to make comparisons among various dwelling patterns and neighborhood relationships. We argue that the representations of neighborhood relationships reflect these changes, demonstrating the impact of architecture on interactions. Our focus in this article is on borders of privacy, power dynamics in the neighborhoods and among families, and communication forms to better understand the impact of changing architecture on hospitality through the lens of cinema. Additionally, we engage with Goffman’s (1956) concepts of frontstage and backstage, demonstrating that these are not dichotomous, although they are opposites, and there can be a thinning of frontstage along with a thickening of backstage. Entrances to homes are often gradual, and visitors may gradually penetrate through layers of the frontstage as they become closer (emotionally and in space) to the heart of the home’s (and its occupants’) backstage.
自1979年伊朗革命以来,在过去的四十年里,伊朗的房屋建筑发生了重大变化。我们询问这些建筑变化如何改变邻里关系,以及它们如何改变伊朗人的好客仪式和做法。我们对1979年革命后拍摄的18部伊朗电影进行了定性内容分析。它们使我们能够在各种居住模式和邻里关系之间进行比较。我们认为,邻里关系的表现反映了这些变化,证明了建筑对互动的影响。我们在这篇文章中的重点是隐私的边界、社区和家庭之间的权力动态,以及沟通形式,以便通过电影的镜头更好地理解不断变化的建筑对热情好客的影响。此外,我们采用了Goffman(1956)关于前台和后台的概念,证明了这两个概念不是二分法的,尽管它们是对立的,前台可能会变薄,后台也会变厚。进入住宅通常是渐进的,随着游客(在情感上和空间上)越来越接近住宅(及其居住者)后台的中心,他们可能会逐渐渗透到前台的各个层。
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引用次数: 0
The Australian Mainstream Media’s Portrayal of Youth Climate Activism and Dissent 澳大利亚主流媒体对青年气候激进主义和异议的刻画
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.19.2.04
Jacob Micah Cowan, Peta L. Dzidic, E. Newnham
The March 2019 School Strikes 4 Climate, predominantly organized by young students, garnered widespread and polarizing media coverage. We aimed to identify how Australian mainstream print news media portrays youth involvement and dissent within climate action movements. A qualitative media framing analysis was conducted to determine how youth climate activists and dissent were presented during the first large-scale youth climate protests in Australia. Australian newspaper articles and opinion pieces (N = 101) were identified via ProQuest and screened. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted in NVivo12. Findings were assessed through a typology of dissent to determine how different forms of dissent were represented in the Australian print news media. The framing of dissent in Australian media coverage was varied, with news articles being more likely to prioritize the voices of young people, while opinion pieces resorted to fear-mongering rhetoric that critiqued and invalidated their agency. Protestors used combinations of dutiful and disruptive dissent to advocate for climate action, with the latter being more effective for challenging systemic drivers of climate change.
2019年3月的“学校罢工4气候”主要由年轻学生组织,获得了广泛而两极分化的媒体报道。我们的目的是确定澳大利亚主流印刷新闻媒体如何描述青年在气候行动运动中的参与和异议。进行了定性媒体框架分析,以确定在澳大利亚首次大规模青年气候抗议活动中,青年气候活动家和异见人士是如何表现的。通过ProQuest识别并筛选了澳大利亚报纸文章和观点文章(N=101)。NVivo12进行了归纳专题分析。调查结果通过异议类型进行评估,以确定不同形式的异议在澳大利亚平面新闻媒体中的表现方式。澳大利亚媒体报道中对异见人士的表述各不相同,新闻文章更有可能优先考虑年轻人的声音,而观点文章则诉诸于散布恐惧的言论,批评并宣布他们的机构无效。抗议者将尽职尽责和破坏性的异议结合起来,倡导气候行动,后者更有效地挑战气候变化的系统驱动因素。
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引用次数: 0
Gundur, R. V. 2022. Trying to Make It. The Enterprises, Gangs, and People of the American Drug Trade. Ithaca, London: Cornell University Press Gundur,R.V.2022。努力做到这一点。美国毒品贸易的企业、黑帮和人民。伊萨卡,伦敦:康奈尔大学出版社
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.19.2.08
Piotr A. Chomczyński
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引用次数: 0
Petre, Caitlin. 2021. All the News That’s Fit to Click: How Metrics Are Transforming the Work of Journalists. Princeton, Oxford: Princeton University Press Petre,Caitlin。2021.所有适合点击的新闻:指标如何改变记者的工作。普林斯顿,牛津:普林斯顿大学出版社
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.19.2.07
Wan Hua
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Qualitative Sociology Review
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