Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.4038/sljss.v44i2.8260
S. Wijesundera, Kavinda Wijethunga
{"title":"The association between teachers’ mathematical beliefs, teacher characteristics and student achievements at the junior secondary level of education in Sri Lanka","authors":"S. Wijesundera, Kavinda Wijethunga","doi":"10.4038/sljss.v44i2.8260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljss.v44i2.8260","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53779,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44109227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.4038/sljss.v44i2.8596
S. Colombage
{"title":"Professor Chandra Gunawardena: an appreciation","authors":"S. Colombage","doi":"10.4038/sljss.v44i2.8596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljss.v44i2.8596","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53779,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41536802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.4038/sljss.v44i2.8597
K. Silva
{"title":"Mobilizing Social Sciences for improved understanding of and better response to the COVID-19 pandemic: e-research as a way forward","authors":"K. Silva","doi":"10.4038/sljss.v44i2.8597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljss.v44i2.8597","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53779,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48649332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.4038/sljss.v44i1.8396
K. Silva
{"title":"Vaccines, pandemic politics, and the global south","authors":"K. Silva","doi":"10.4038/sljss.v44i1.8396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljss.v44i1.8396","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53779,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70191120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.4038/sljss.v44i1.8390
N. Dangalle
During the past 50 years or so the subject of geography in the school curriculum in Sri Lanka has been subject to various interventions and misplacements, raising doubts among its practitioners of their discipline’s position in school education. The fact is, although almost everyone endorses the importance and relevance of geography, no one wants to house it in due place in school curriculum. Further, a question often raised by planners is what can geography students do after they finish their school education? Such underestimations have not been limited only to Sri Lanka but also seen even in countries like the USA. Perhaps, geographers themselves should equally bear the responsibility for this unsatisfactory state of affairs. In large measure, we all have forgotten to unravel what is in ‘geography store’ that could justify its due place.
{"title":"Powerful Knowledge with Geography","authors":"N. Dangalle","doi":"10.4038/sljss.v44i1.8390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljss.v44i1.8390","url":null,"abstract":"During the past 50 years or so the subject of geography in the school curriculum in Sri Lanka has been subject to various interventions and misplacements, raising doubts among its practitioners of their discipline’s position in school education. The fact is, although almost everyone endorses the importance and relevance of geography, no one wants to house it in due place in school curriculum. Further, a question often raised by planners is what can geography students do after they finish their school education? Such underestimations have not been limited only to Sri Lanka but also seen even in countries like the USA. Perhaps, geographers themselves should equally bear the responsibility for this unsatisfactory state of affairs. In large measure, we all have forgotten to unravel what is in ‘geography store’ that could justify its due place.","PeriodicalId":53779,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48448330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.4038/sljss.v44i1.7990
S. Udayanga
The influence of culture in conceptualising ‘well-being’ has important implications for human health. Culture influences how individuals experience, conceptualise and reflect on the health behaviour. This study thus explores how Sinhalese Buddhists, who follow Sinhalese medicine in Sri Lanka, conceptualise spiritual and psychological well-being as experienced in their culture. In depth interviews and focus group discussions with twenty-seven participants and empirical observations in four temples revealed that practices that lead to spiritual well-being are embedded in their everyday lives and are conceptualised as internal qualities that facilitate people to interact with the outside world with a proper mode of thought. Psychological well-being is perceived as an ability to achieve whatever that brings happiness to their life. This study thus indicates that although Sinhalese Buddhists in Sri Lanka are less likely to articulate the difference between psychological well-being and spiritual well-being, they are aware of the very existence of spiritual well-being and psychological well-being.
{"title":"Cultural understanding of ‘spiritual well-being’ and ‘psychological well-being’ among Sinhalese Buddhists in Sri Lanka","authors":"S. Udayanga","doi":"10.4038/sljss.v44i1.7990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljss.v44i1.7990","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of culture in conceptualising ‘well-being’ has important implications for human health. Culture influences how individuals experience, conceptualise and reflect on the health behaviour. This study thus explores how Sinhalese Buddhists, who follow Sinhalese medicine in Sri Lanka, conceptualise spiritual and psychological well-being as experienced in their culture. In depth interviews and focus group discussions with twenty-seven participants and empirical observations in four temples revealed that practices that lead to spiritual well-being are embedded in their everyday lives and are conceptualised as internal qualities that facilitate people to interact with the outside world with a proper mode of thought. Psychological well-being is perceived as an ability to achieve whatever that brings happiness to their life. This study thus indicates that although Sinhalese Buddhists in Sri Lanka are less likely to articulate the difference between psychological well-being and spiritual well-being, they are aware of the very existence of spiritual well-being and psychological well-being.","PeriodicalId":53779,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45782762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.4038/sljss.v44i1.7942
K. Anuththara
Use of data in unprecedented scale and flow of data among irrelevant users would affect the personal life of any person. Most of the countries all over the world already addressed the issue by introducing laws for personal data protection. While countries like Portugal and Chile recognised this under the Constitution as ‘Right to Personal Data Protection’, some other countries recognized it under a specific piece of legislation as ‘Personal Data Protection Act’. This article is based on an analysis of possibilities for recognising protection of personal data under the Constitutional Right perspective in Sri Lanka.
{"title":"Recognising protection of personal data under the Fundamental Rights (Constitutional Rights) perspective in Sri Lanka","authors":"K. Anuththara","doi":"10.4038/sljss.v44i1.7942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljss.v44i1.7942","url":null,"abstract":"Use of data in unprecedented scale and flow of data among irrelevant users would affect the personal life of any person. Most of the countries all over the world already addressed the issue by introducing laws for personal data protection. While countries like Portugal and Chile recognised this under the Constitution as ‘Right to Personal Data Protection’, some other countries recognized it under a specific piece of legislation as ‘Personal Data Protection Act’. This article is based on an analysis of possibilities for recognising protection of personal data under the Constitutional Right perspective in Sri Lanka.","PeriodicalId":53779,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42155600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.4038/sljss.v44i1.8067
Priya Keshari, H. Shankar
Geriatric subjects are vulnerable to Socio Economic Deprivation (SED), food and nutrition insecurity, poor nutritional status , morbidities, physical dependence, cognitive impairment and depression. Their inter-linkages is a least explored area of research. This aspect has been explored in this study by adopting a cross-sectional study design on 616 geriatric subjects selected by multistage sampling procedure from urban Varanasi, India. Pre-designed, pre-tested proforma and appropriate tools and standard techniques were used for assessing socioeconomic deprivation, food insecurity, nutritional status, morbidities, functional and psychological status of subjects. In order to find out inter-linkages, all significant variables in univariate analysis were subjected to logistic regression model. In logistic regression analysis higher odds of severe (AOR 14.98; 95% CI 5.62–39.96) and moderate (7.89; 95%CI 4.19–14.86) food insecurity at household level prevailed in subjects with SED. Besides Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) (2.18; 95% CI 1.32–3.60), moderate/severe depression (5.06; 95% CI 2.02–12.66) has been linked with household food insecurity. Higher odds for moderate and severe (2.45; 95% CI 1.13–5.34) and mild (1.75; 95% CI 1.08–2.82) depression were identified in CED victims. There existed a significant linkage between presence of morbidity and assisted as well as severe physical dependency. Higher adjusted odds (2.37; 95% CI 1.54–3.65) for depression prevailed in subjects with physical dependency. Policy shift from socio economic upliftment to food security and sensitivities of families and community for geriatric care in illness and physical dependency are required for wellbeing of geriatric subjects.
{"title":"Inter-linkages among socioeconomic deprivation, food insecurity, physical and psychosocial status in urban geriatric subjects: Varanasi, India","authors":"Priya Keshari, H. Shankar","doi":"10.4038/sljss.v44i1.8067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljss.v44i1.8067","url":null,"abstract":"Geriatric subjects are vulnerable to Socio Economic Deprivation (SED), food and nutrition insecurity, poor nutritional status , morbidities, physical dependence, cognitive impairment and depression. Their inter-linkages is a least explored area of research. This aspect has been explored in this study by adopting a cross-sectional study design on 616 geriatric subjects selected by multistage sampling procedure from urban Varanasi, India. Pre-designed, pre-tested proforma and appropriate tools and standard techniques were used for assessing socioeconomic deprivation, food insecurity, nutritional status, morbidities, functional and psychological status of subjects. In order to find out inter-linkages, all significant variables in univariate analysis were subjected to logistic regression model. In logistic regression analysis higher odds of severe (AOR 14.98; 95% CI 5.62–39.96) and moderate (7.89; 95%CI 4.19–14.86) food insecurity at household level prevailed in subjects with SED. Besides Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) (2.18; 95% CI 1.32–3.60), moderate/severe depression (5.06; 95% CI 2.02–12.66) has been linked with household food insecurity. Higher odds for moderate and severe (2.45; 95% CI 1.13–5.34) and mild (1.75; 95% CI 1.08–2.82) depression were identified in CED victims. There existed a significant linkage between presence of morbidity and assisted as well as severe physical dependency. Higher adjusted odds (2.37; 95% CI 1.54–3.65) for depression prevailed in subjects with physical dependency. Policy shift from socio economic upliftment to food security and sensitivities of families and community for geriatric care in illness and physical dependency are required for wellbeing of geriatric subjects.","PeriodicalId":53779,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41682322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.4038/sljss.v44i1.7953
T. Vinayagathasan, Jothiratne Ganithage Sri Ranjith
This paper aims to examine the rationale and feasibility to minimise the budget deficit that maintains the public debt at manageable level without retarding economic growth. Accumulation of government debt may subsequently shape future budget deficit via policies aimed at deficit reduction. Government authorities substantiate austerity and deficit reduction arguing for a case of sustainable fiscal policy. Hence, this study investigates the relationship between public debt, budget deficit and tax policy reforms for fiscal consolidation in Sri Lanka for the period 1990-2019. The study found that direct tax revenue, indirect tax revenue, real GDP and consumer price index are negatively correlated with government debt to GDP ratio in the long run, while in the short run, only direct tax revenue affects it significantly. Whereas, government expenditure, budget deficit, lending interest rate and exchange rate have positive and statistically significant impact on government debt to GDP ratio in the long run, while only exchange rate affects it significantly in the short run. This study identified unidirectional causality relationship between GE and PD, TRD and PD, TRID and PD, RGDP and TRD, RGDP and EXR, CPI and TRD, CPI and TRID and bilateral causality between RGDP and TRID. Findings of this study suggest that there is a rationale and feasibility to achieve fiscal consolidation in Sri Lanka by tax policy reforms and adjustments of government expenditures. The necessity of tax reforms is reflected by the greater potentials of direct taxes over the indirect taxes to contribute for public debt reduction, both in the short run and long run.
{"title":"Public debt, budget deficit and tax policy reforms for fiscal consolidation in Sri Lanka: rationale and feasibility","authors":"T. Vinayagathasan, Jothiratne Ganithage Sri Ranjith","doi":"10.4038/sljss.v44i1.7953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljss.v44i1.7953","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to examine the rationale and feasibility to minimise the budget deficit that maintains the public debt at manageable level without retarding economic growth. Accumulation of government debt may subsequently shape future budget deficit via policies aimed at deficit reduction. Government authorities substantiate austerity and deficit reduction arguing for a case of sustainable fiscal policy. Hence, this study investigates the relationship between public debt, budget deficit and tax policy reforms for fiscal consolidation in Sri Lanka for the period 1990-2019. The study found that direct tax revenue, indirect tax revenue, real GDP and consumer price index are negatively correlated with government debt to GDP ratio in the long run, while in the short run, only direct tax revenue affects it significantly. Whereas, government expenditure, budget deficit, lending interest rate and exchange rate have positive and statistically significant impact on government debt to GDP ratio in the long run, while only exchange rate affects it significantly in the short run. This study identified unidirectional causality relationship between GE and PD, TRD and PD, TRID and PD, RGDP and TRD, RGDP and EXR, CPI and TRD, CPI and TRID and bilateral causality between RGDP and TRID. Findings of this study suggest that there is a rationale and feasibility to achieve fiscal consolidation in Sri Lanka by tax policy reforms and adjustments of government expenditures. The necessity of tax reforms is reflected by the greater potentials of direct taxes over the indirect taxes to contribute for public debt reduction, both in the short run and long run.","PeriodicalId":53779,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41643559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.4038/sljss.v44i1.7997
Vijay Singh
The menace of terrorism, when boosted by information and communication technology, incarnates into cyber-terrorism. This new avatar of terrorism is more sophisticated than the traditional one. By virtue of its labyrinthine and trans-border, cyber terrorism presents a fundamental challenge to democratic states. Many countries, curbed and curtailed the freedom of speech and expression, liberty, privacy and other fundamental rights in order to combat the menace of cyber terrorism. India, one of the world’s largest democracies, enacted specific anti-terrorism laws to tackle the threat of terrorism and included a provision concerning cyber terrorism in the Information Technology Act. However, combating the blatant and hidden acts of cyber terrorism is not a regular criminal justice-endeavour; instead, it is a challenge to the state machinery. This paper aims to make an inquiry into the conceptual framework of cyber terrorism and highlights the Indian legal regime to tackle the menace of cyber terrorism. The article further critically examines Section 66 (F) of the Information Technology Act to prove the hypothesis that this provision is a stringent measure, and is against the very structure of democracy and the rule of law.
{"title":"Cyber terrorism and Indian legal regime: a critical appraisal of Section 66 (F) of the Information Technology Act","authors":"Vijay Singh","doi":"10.4038/sljss.v44i1.7997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljss.v44i1.7997","url":null,"abstract":"The menace of terrorism, when boosted by information and communication technology, incarnates into cyber-terrorism. This new avatar of terrorism is more sophisticated than the traditional one. By virtue of its labyrinthine and trans-border, cyber terrorism presents a fundamental challenge to democratic states. Many countries, curbed and curtailed the freedom of speech and expression, liberty, privacy and other fundamental rights in order to combat the menace of cyber terrorism. India, one of the world’s largest democracies, enacted specific anti-terrorism laws to tackle the threat of terrorism and included a provision concerning cyber terrorism in the Information Technology Act. However, combating the blatant and hidden acts of cyber terrorism is not a regular criminal justice-endeavour; instead, it is a challenge to the state machinery. This paper aims to make an inquiry into the conceptual framework of cyber terrorism and highlights the Indian legal regime to tackle the menace of cyber terrorism. The article further critically examines Section 66 (F) of the Information Technology Act to prove the hypothesis that this provision is a stringent measure, and is against the very structure of democracy and the rule of law.","PeriodicalId":53779,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70191078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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