Latin American contemporary cities are facing a rapidly urban dispersion which is mainly occurring in periurban zones. Since these transitional spaces remain geographically and conceptually unclear, having a greater understanding of its landscape composition has become a key issue for territorial planning purposes. In this article, the Metropolitan District of Quito urban-rural gradient landscape composition and its spatiotemporal transformations are analysed. Using satellite images of very high resolution of two periods, five Land Use-Land Covers (LULC) were identified in sixty-four sample polygons. Based on that, a transition matrix and a stability index were developed to analyse landscape composition change intensity. Results demonstrate that peri-urban areas show the highest landscape instability, although through a great diversity of land occupation typologies. The four dominant typologies are analysed. Parsing LULCs independently, vegetation showed the greatest instability, which significantly alters ecosystems and their services. On the other hand, mega-road infrastructure appears to be one of the most dramatic drivers of peri-urban transformation, since samples crossed by new highways experienced the greatest landscape transformation on average. Finally, this methodology and insights could be extrapolated to other Latin American cities, where micro-scale policymaking should be a priority in scenarios of complex and highly heterogeneous peri-urbanization.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF PERI-URBAN LANDSCAPE COMPOSITION AND ITS SPATIO-TEMPORAL TRANSFORMATIONS: THE CASE OF THE METROPOLITAN DISTRICT OF QUITO","authors":"Paola Ortiz-Báez, Maria José Freire, Jan Bogaert","doi":"10.3846/jau.2022.16968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2022.16968","url":null,"abstract":"Latin American contemporary cities are facing a rapidly urban dispersion which is mainly occurring in periurban zones. Since these transitional spaces remain geographically and conceptually unclear, having a greater understanding of its landscape composition has become a key issue for territorial planning purposes. In this article, the Metropolitan District of Quito urban-rural gradient landscape composition and its spatiotemporal transformations are analysed. Using satellite images of very high resolution of two periods, five Land Use-Land Covers (LULC) were identified in sixty-four sample polygons. Based on that, a transition matrix and a stability index were developed to analyse landscape composition change intensity. Results demonstrate that peri-urban areas show the highest landscape instability, although through a great diversity of land occupation typologies. The four dominant typologies are analysed. Parsing LULCs independently, vegetation showed the greatest instability, which significantly alters ecosystems and their services. On the other hand, mega-road infrastructure appears to be one of the most dramatic drivers of peri-urban transformation, since samples crossed by new highways experienced the greatest landscape transformation on average. Finally, this methodology and insights could be extrapolated to other Latin American cities, where micro-scale policymaking should be a priority in scenarios of complex and highly heterogeneous peri-urbanization.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135491020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article aims to reconsider the historical role, peculiarities, significance, and meaning of water in traditional Islamic culture and society. The emergence of long-lasting systems of water supply in the territories that eventually gave rise to Islamic culture resulted in elaborate aesthetics of water most commonly associated with the phenomenon of the Islamic garden. In a piece of what might be described as a generalist’s interest, the author of the article examines this phenomenon and aesthetics of Islamic garden from the point of view of the history of ideas and attempts to grasp its universal features, which contributed to the dissemination of the cultural phenomenon beyond the Islamic realm and hadan impetus on the development of water culture in post-medieval Western Europe, especially during the Renaissance and Baroque eras when encounters with some of the Islamic cultural phenomena became more common and lasting. It is suggested that it was specifically the water culture of Islam that had an impact upon Western imagination and cultural practices from the dawn of the modern era. The author claims that the legacy of Islamic culture in the field of water aesthetics can be applied and used today in various regions even if symbolism of water has largely given ways to other concerns, among them about the future of the environment.
{"title":"ARCHITECTURE, WATER AND WELL-BEING IN ISLAMIC CULTURE AND BEYOND","authors":"Almantas Samalavičius","doi":"10.3846/jau.2022.17593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2022.17593","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to reconsider the historical role, peculiarities, significance, and meaning of water in traditional Islamic culture and society. The emergence of long-lasting systems of water supply in the territories that eventually gave rise to Islamic culture resulted in elaborate aesthetics of water most commonly associated with the phenomenon of the Islamic garden. In a piece of what might be described as a generalist’s interest, the author of the article examines this phenomenon and aesthetics of Islamic garden from the point of view of the history of ideas and attempts to grasp its universal features, which contributed to the dissemination of the cultural phenomenon beyond the Islamic realm and hadan impetus on the development of water culture in post-medieval Western Europe, especially during the Renaissance and Baroque eras when encounters with some of the Islamic cultural phenomena became more common and lasting. It is suggested that it was specifically the water culture of Islam that had an impact upon Western imagination and cultural practices from the dawn of the modern era. The author claims that the legacy of Islamic culture in the field of water aesthetics can be applied and used today in various regions even if symbolism of water has largely given ways to other concerns, among them about the future of the environment.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86600874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Contemporary Iranian architecture in the last forty decades has been influenced by different currents and trends, from modern trends to postmodern and kitsch and attention to regionalism in recent years. Yet, there have been fewer participatory approaches in design and especially community architecture. As an approach, participatory architecture has not been a suitable approach for many architects because they believe the user interference leads the project to a wrong path, and it is a time-consuming process. On the other side, some governments make seductive participation for some political aims. Many recourses in this field talk about the user’s direct participation in the design process, and also many of the cases are not outstanding in contemporary architecture literature. So just a seduce participation occurs during design. Some methods used in this kind are questionnaires, workshops, interviews, etc. Some cases consider involvement during the project’s construction phases (especially in developing countries). Assessing different successful Iranian projects in four recent decades shows a little kind of participatory methods in CA of Iran. The lack of usage of community architecture paradigms leads to not being too good architecture practices. Some projects with a successful appearance made community design principles in the design process. Combining regionalism and community design approaches make responsible and sustainable projects for the future. In this study, by using the PAR research method, the typology of participatory architecture in contemporary Iranian architecture has been analyzed. Seven typologies of participation in the design process show different levels and conditions of participation for users and architects. Some typologies such as interpretive and regional participation consider more values, costumes and user behaviors, and they are more indirect. In the next step, using the case study research method and qualitative analysis by the ATLAS.ti software, the relationship between the concepts of community architecture and its impact on the formation of Iranian architecture has been discussed. Different typologies of participation in architectural cases are wide ranges of successful methods of participation that if far from previous typical involvement consideration in social mobilization and questioner’s procedures. Today, questionnaire participation and social mobilization are named seduce participation (also, in some cases, may be useful). In recent years, the tendency towards participatory design with interpretive and regionalism approaches has increased. Studies show the use of three branches: 1 – Elements of traditional Iranian-Islamic architecture (29 codes), incorporation with the environment (23 codes), use of natural light (17 codes) are the most important reasons for the formation of today’s Iranian architecture. In recent years, by combining the concepts of community architecture (29 codes) with emphasis on identi
{"title":"BUILDING NEW HERITAGE FOR THE FUTURE: INVESTIGATING COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE PARADIGMS IN CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE OF IRAN (1978–2020)","authors":"H. Kamelnia, P. Hanachi","doi":"10.3846/jau.2022.16663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2022.16663","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary Iranian architecture in the last forty decades has been influenced by different currents and trends, from modern trends to postmodern and kitsch and attention to regionalism in recent years. Yet, there have been fewer participatory approaches in design and especially community architecture. As an approach, participatory architecture has not been a suitable approach for many architects because they believe the user interference leads the project to a wrong path, and it is a time-consuming process. On the other side, some governments make seductive participation for some political aims. Many recourses in this field talk about the user’s direct participation in the design process, and also many of the cases are not outstanding in contemporary architecture literature. So just a seduce participation occurs during design. Some methods used in this kind are questionnaires, workshops, interviews, etc. Some cases consider involvement during the project’s construction phases (especially in developing countries). Assessing different successful Iranian projects in four recent decades shows a little kind of participatory methods in CA of Iran. The lack of usage of community architecture paradigms leads to not being too good architecture practices. Some projects with a successful appearance made community design principles in the design process. Combining regionalism and community design approaches make responsible and sustainable projects for the future. In this study, by using the PAR research method, the typology of participatory architecture in contemporary Iranian architecture has been analyzed. Seven typologies of participation in the design process show different levels and conditions of participation for users and architects. Some typologies such as interpretive and regional participation consider more values, costumes and user behaviors, and they are more indirect. In the next step, using the case study research method and qualitative analysis by the ATLAS.ti software, the relationship between the concepts of community architecture and its impact on the formation of Iranian architecture has been discussed. Different typologies of participation in architectural cases are wide ranges of successful methods of participation that if far from previous typical involvement consideration in social mobilization and questioner’s procedures. Today, questionnaire participation and social mobilization are named seduce participation (also, in some cases, may be useful). In recent years, the tendency towards participatory design with interpretive and regionalism approaches has increased. Studies show the use of three branches: 1 – Elements of traditional Iranian-Islamic architecture (29 codes), incorporation with the environment (23 codes), use of natural light (17 codes) are the most important reasons for the formation of today’s Iranian architecture. In recent years, by combining the concepts of community architecture (29 codes) with emphasis on identi","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79467006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Large housing estates (LHEs) is a global product of modern planning and architecture based on the concept of the functional city. However, during the last decades, these inherited mass housing neighborhoods have been gradually transformed in their social and physical context. Much of this change is due to functional diversification of LHEs following rising consummation demands. The objective of the research is to create a general simple typology discovering this phenomenon and providing a method to make case study analysis and comparative studies. How to classify functional diversification and morphological transformations in LHEs in general? What are the functional and morphological values that were preserved from modern development period and what are the new characteristics of contemporary transformations? What are the special characteristics of the functional diversification in a post-socialist city? Kelenföld case study from Budapest is introduced to test the typology by using local documents and fieldwork methods in architecture: mapping, morphological analysis, and photo making. Kelenföld is one of the best located and the first LHE in Budapest realized with large panel technology in the 60’s, being today intensively developed and favored by its users.
{"title":"ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN TRANSFORMATIONS OF LARGE HOUSING ESTATE RELATED TO FUNCTIONAL DIVERSIFICATION: CASE OF KELENFÖLD IN BUDAPEST","authors":"Hlib Antypenko, M. Benkő","doi":"10.3846/jau.2022.17462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2022.17462","url":null,"abstract":"Large housing estates (LHEs) is a global product of modern planning and architecture based on the concept of the functional city. However, during the last decades, these inherited mass housing neighborhoods have been gradually transformed in their social and physical context. Much of this change is due to functional diversification of LHEs following rising consummation demands. The objective of the research is to create a general simple typology discovering this phenomenon and providing a method to make case study analysis and comparative studies. How to classify functional diversification and morphological transformations in LHEs in general? What are the functional and morphological values that were preserved from modern development period and what are the new characteristics of contemporary transformations? What are the special characteristics of the functional diversification in a post-socialist city? Kelenföld case study from Budapest is introduced to test the typology by using local documents and fieldwork methods in architecture: mapping, morphological analysis, and photo making. Kelenföld is one of the best located and the first LHE in Budapest realized with large panel technology in the 60’s, being today intensively developed and favored by its users.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78677155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ljudmila Koprivec, M. Zbašnik-Senegačnik, Ž. Kristl
Window views can enable restorativeness. Previous studies define characteristics of natural environment that trigger restorativeness, but fewer studies are dealing with restorative characteristics of urban environment. The purpose of this study is to identify qualities that enable restorativeness in natural and urban window views. Using a questionnaire survey as a method for obtaining the research data, responses of architectural students are analysed. To identify restorative potential in window views evaluation method according to Kaplan’s Attention Restoration Theory (ART) is used. Additional evaluation method for urban views is applied using Lynch’s theory of designing urban space that people can enjoy. Our findings show that urban views can be analysed according to Lynch’s visual qualities to identify the restorative potential of urban environments. Our findings also show that Lynch’s criteria may coincide with Kaplan’s criteria for assessing restorativeness. To define restorative potential in urban views in an early design phase, new evaluation methods are needed to transcend the renowned Kaplan’s Attention Restoration Theory into more approachable design mechanisms for designers and decision makers. Well-being of the inhabitants in a future dense urban environment will only be provided with an adequate window view.
{"title":"A STUDY OF RESTORATIVE POTENTIAL IN WINDOW VIEWS ADOPTING KAPLAN’S ATTENTION RESTORATION THEORY AND URBAN VISUAL PREFERENCES DEFINED BY LYNCH","authors":"Ljudmila Koprivec, M. Zbašnik-Senegačnik, Ž. Kristl","doi":"10.3846/jau.2022.16158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2022.16158","url":null,"abstract":"Window views can enable restorativeness. Previous studies define characteristics of natural environment that trigger restorativeness, but fewer studies are dealing with restorative characteristics of urban environment. The purpose of this study is to identify qualities that enable restorativeness in natural and urban window views. Using a questionnaire survey as a method for obtaining the research data, responses of architectural students are analysed. To identify restorative potential in window views evaluation method according to Kaplan’s Attention Restoration Theory (ART) is used. Additional evaluation method for urban views is applied using Lynch’s theory of designing urban space that people can enjoy. Our findings show that urban views can be analysed according to Lynch’s visual qualities to identify the restorative potential of urban environments. Our findings also show that Lynch’s criteria may coincide with Kaplan’s criteria for assessing restorativeness. To define restorative potential in urban views in an early design phase, new evaluation methods are needed to transcend the renowned Kaplan’s Attention Restoration Theory into more approachable design mechanisms for designers and decision makers. Well-being of the inhabitants in a future dense urban environment will only be provided with an adequate window view.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84819734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Galiana, Salvador Conesa, Aurora Alcaide-Ramírez
Oral memory is one amongst the most valuable sources of human knowledge, even more so nowadays when the COVID-19 pandemic has taken so many of our elders out. The personal narratives of our towns’ dwellers during the past century let us know not only their way of life, customs, and traditions, but also the morphology of the city, its layout and urban evolution, its architecture –both for family homes and monuments–, and most significant of all, the way of using said spaces. The researchers behind this paper, in partnership with Grup Salpassa and the Council of El Campello, have chosen a methodology based on the oral history to expand the knowledge of the mid-20th century village by means of a series of interviews with some octogenarian locals –shaped as thematic “micro-histories”, published on social media, and orthophotos, which are subject to urban analysis with the location of streets, public buildings, facilities, and commercial areas. All this is accompanied by moving and previously unpublished images of everyday life and festivities, which set up a stronger emotional bond and stronger terrain roots for current societies.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF SPANISH VILLAGES THROUGH ORAL MEMORY: MID-TWENTIETH CENTURY EL CAMPELLO","authors":"M. Galiana, Salvador Conesa, Aurora Alcaide-Ramírez","doi":"10.3846/jau.2022.16410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2022.16410","url":null,"abstract":"Oral memory is one amongst the most valuable sources of human knowledge, even more so nowadays when the COVID-19 pandemic has taken so many of our elders out. The personal narratives of our towns’ dwellers during the past century let us know not only their way of life, customs, and traditions, but also the morphology of the city, its layout and urban evolution, its architecture –both for family homes and monuments–, and most significant of all, the way of using said spaces. The researchers behind this paper, in partnership with Grup Salpassa and the Council of El Campello, have chosen a methodology based on the oral history to expand the knowledge of the mid-20th century village by means of a series of interviews with some octogenarian locals –shaped as thematic “micro-histories”, published on social media, and orthophotos, which are subject to urban analysis with the location of streets, public buildings, facilities, and commercial areas. All this is accompanied by moving and previously unpublished images of everyday life and festivities, which set up a stronger emotional bond and stronger terrain roots for current societies.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81485292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tharushi Abeynayake, L. Meetiyagoda, N. Kankanamge, Palpola Kankanamge Senevirathne Mahanama
The concepts of imageability and legibility are important aspects of urban design. Many scholars use the terms “imageability” and “legibility” interchangeably, usually examining one concept and applying the implications to the other. This research explores the relationship between these two concepts by answering the research questions: 1. how do people perceive the saliency of landmarks (imageability) and 2. how does the spatial configuration facilitate the visibility level of landmarks (legibility)? The Galle Heritage City in Sri Lanka is considered as the case study. The first part of the empirical study is to assess the level of imageability of urban space users by completing 100 cognitive maps and producing a composite cognitive map that indicates the structural landmarks’ salience or the level of imageability. The second part is the level of legibility of the landmarks by employing the visibility assessment process and the third part compares the two results with a concurrence matrix. The findings highlight that there is a positive relationship between people’s perception (imageability) and level of visibility (legibility). Further, imageability mostly depends on semantic properties than legibility, but legibility predominantly depends on structural properties and visual properties are almost equally important to both concepts.
{"title":"IMAGEABILITY AND LEGIBILITY: COGNITIVE ANALYSIS AND VISIBILITY ASSESSMENT IN GALLE HERITAGE CITY","authors":"Tharushi Abeynayake, L. Meetiyagoda, N. Kankanamge, Palpola Kankanamge Senevirathne Mahanama","doi":"10.3846/jau.2022.16177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2022.16177","url":null,"abstract":"The concepts of imageability and legibility are important aspects of urban design. Many scholars use the terms “imageability” and “legibility” interchangeably, usually examining one concept and applying the implications to the other. This research explores the relationship between these two concepts by answering the research questions: 1. how do people perceive the saliency of landmarks (imageability) and 2. how does the spatial configuration facilitate the visibility level of landmarks (legibility)? The Galle Heritage City in Sri Lanka is considered as the case study. The first part of the empirical study is to assess the level of imageability of urban space users by completing 100 cognitive maps and producing a composite cognitive map that indicates the structural landmarks’ salience or the level of imageability. The second part is the level of legibility of the landmarks by employing the visibility assessment process and the third part compares the two results with a concurrence matrix. The findings highlight that there is a positive relationship between people’s perception (imageability) and level of visibility (legibility). Further, imageability mostly depends on semantic properties than legibility, but legibility predominantly depends on structural properties and visual properties are almost equally important to both concepts.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85673096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Axiomatically, urban fabric is the result of civilizations and ideas overlapping rather than being bound to a single civilization or culture. Benghazi, like many other Arab cities in developing countries, retains relics of its past in the old city core. This urban fabric’s visual character is created by reflecting the underlying cultural background, practices, beliefs, and climatic conditions in its content. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the concepts that have been used to develop Italian urbanism before trying to rebuild the damaged urban fabric. This study presents the urban pattern of old Benghazi in order to understand the values inherited from the past and the impact of the Italian urban expansion. A second part of the research provides an overview of the extension of the urban fabric, starting from the Italian square, located within the old city. As a final point, the discussion and conclusion presented the concept and relationship of formations in Italian architecture that achieve a unique transition by experiencing architectural principles, their basic components, and their comfortable surroundings at the moment.
{"title":"AN OVERVIEW OF THE URBANISM STYLE DURING THE ITALIAN ERA IN BENGHAZI DOWNTOWN, LIBYA","authors":"A. Eltrapolsi","doi":"10.3846/jau.2022.16952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2022.16952","url":null,"abstract":"Axiomatically, urban fabric is the result of civilizations and ideas overlapping rather than being bound to a single civilization or culture. Benghazi, like many other Arab cities in developing countries, retains relics of its past in the old city core. This urban fabric’s visual character is created by reflecting the underlying cultural background, practices, beliefs, and climatic conditions in its content. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the concepts that have been used to develop Italian urbanism before trying to rebuild the damaged urban fabric. This study presents the urban pattern of old Benghazi in order to understand the values inherited from the past and the impact of the Italian urban expansion. A second part of the research provides an overview of the extension of the urban fabric, starting from the Italian square, located within the old city. As a final point, the discussion and conclusion presented the concept and relationship of formations in Italian architecture that achieve a unique transition by experiencing architectural principles, their basic components, and their comfortable surroundings at the moment.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79438746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessandro Zorzetto, Ángela Barrios Padura, Marta Molina Huelva, M. Marzo
The archetype of the vessel, declined ontologically as heterotopia and etymologically as trait d’union of a community, becomes the pretext to propose the restoration of Venice’s citizenship through a “poetics of reuse”. The relationship between ephemeral architecture and historical heritage is analysed according to the three criteria identified by Pierre Pinon. The concept of reutilisation is declined through building materials. Reconversion is identified through examples of radical change of use of historic military buildings. Reappropriation is associated with the temporary expansion of the potential of public space through architectural installations. Case studies corresponding to each category are identified, and from the primary sources the three-dimensional redesign of these projects is contextualised in the historical surroundings, in order to deduce considerations regarding the relationship between the two frameworks. Since the case studies are very extensive and rather heterogeneous, the novelty lies in the transversal reading approach that returns the Biennale’s magnificent centenary activity directly to the city and its inhabitants, subverting the negative connotation that cultural tourism has acquired on the island. The research aims to create an atlas of ephemeral architecture, define a taxonomy and draw up a document containing guidelines for future experiences of ephemeral architecture in the city.
{"title":"POETICS OF REUSE OF THE HISTORICAL HERITAGE: THREE CASE STUDIES OF EPHEMERAL ARCHITECTURE IN VENICE","authors":"Alessandro Zorzetto, Ángela Barrios Padura, Marta Molina Huelva, M. Marzo","doi":"10.3846/jau.2022.17078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2022.17078","url":null,"abstract":"The archetype of the vessel, declined ontologically as heterotopia and etymologically as trait d’union of a community, becomes the pretext to propose the restoration of Venice’s citizenship through a “poetics of reuse”. The relationship between ephemeral architecture and historical heritage is analysed according to the three criteria identified by Pierre Pinon. The concept of reutilisation is declined through building materials. Reconversion is identified through examples of radical change of use of historic military buildings. Reappropriation is associated with the temporary expansion of the potential of public space through architectural installations. Case studies corresponding to each category are identified, and from the primary sources the three-dimensional redesign of these projects is contextualised in the historical surroundings, in order to deduce considerations regarding the relationship between the two frameworks. Since the case studies are very extensive and rather heterogeneous, the novelty lies in the transversal reading approach that returns the Biennale’s magnificent centenary activity directly to the city and its inhabitants, subverting the negative connotation that cultural tourism has acquired on the island. The research aims to create an atlas of ephemeral architecture, define a taxonomy and draw up a document containing guidelines for future experiences of ephemeral architecture in the city.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81846551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to explore forms and types of space in vertical housing in order to support the creation of inclusive living environments for children, through observing children’s activities and the available spaces and facilities. The field observation was carried out in vertical housing and their surrounding environments in Indonesia and Japan. Housing is currently in high demand in Indonesia, but land availability in cities is limited whereas children population in Indonesia has reached about one third of total population. Vertical buildings, thus, become one of feasible solution. Meanwhile Japan, as a developed country, has implemented vertical housing for a long time to meet society’s needs in various places and forms. Housing as a living environment which is suitable for children sometimes receives little attention, especially when there are challenges of limited resources. Therefore there are not many spaces that designated to accommodate various children activities. On the other hand, spaces in vertical housing have their potential to support a child-inclusive living environments. In this study, the qualitative method was employed to explore vertical housing living environments and spaces for children. The results indicated there are three scales of spaces that need to receive attention to the creation of inclusive living environment for children in vertical housing, namely micro, meso, and macro spaces.
{"title":"INCLUSIVE SPACE FOR CHILDREN IN VERTICAL HOUSING","authors":"E. E. Pandelaki, S. Firmandhani","doi":"10.3846/jau.2022.15250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2022.15250","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to explore forms and types of space in vertical housing in order to support the creation of inclusive living environments for children, through observing children’s activities and the available spaces and facilities. The field observation was carried out in vertical housing and their surrounding environments in Indonesia and Japan. Housing is currently in high demand in Indonesia, but land availability in cities is limited whereas children population in Indonesia has reached about one third of total population. Vertical buildings, thus, become one of feasible solution. Meanwhile Japan, as a developed country, has implemented vertical housing for a long time to meet society’s needs in various places and forms. Housing as a living environment which is suitable for children sometimes receives little attention, especially when there are challenges of limited resources. Therefore there are not many spaces that designated to accommodate various children activities. On the other hand, spaces in vertical housing have their potential to support a child-inclusive living environments. In this study, the qualitative method was employed to explore vertical housing living environments and spaces for children. The results indicated there are three scales of spaces that need to receive attention to the creation of inclusive living environment for children in vertical housing, namely micro, meso, and macro spaces.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91342744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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