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Ultrafast Switching Speed Demonstrated in Wafer-Scale Integration of Crystalline Undoped HfO2-Based Ferroelectrics

IF 9.6 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Letters

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c0576510.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05765

Zongwei Shang, Xiaomei Li, Changqing Ye, Hao Li, Puyang Cai, Xing Wu*, Runsheng Wang*, Ming Li* and Ru Huang,

Hafnium oxide-based ferroelectric materials have been researched extensively for high-speed, low-power nonvolatile memory devices. However, doping HfO₂ through atomic layer deposition (ALD) cycles primarily aims to enhance specific properties but also introduces challenges in balancing performance and reliability. Therefore, understanding the properties of intrinsic crystalline HfO₂-based ferroelectric materials and developing undoped HfO₂ ferroelectric devices with exceptional comprehensive properties are crucial. Here, we successfully fabricated well-engineered undoped HfO₂ ferroelectric devices with high endurance (>10¹¹ cycles), large grain size (>60 nm), and ultrahigh switching speed (∼1 ns). The results indicate that controlling the oxygen partial pressure can regulate the concentration of oxygen vacancies (V_O), thereby stabilizing the ferroelectric phase. Finally, a comprehensive study of device variability is conducted, confirming a low device to device (D2D) variation. The outstanding comprehensive performance will enhance confidence in undoped HfO₂ as a viable candidate for ferroelectrics in VLSI applications.

{"title":"Ultrafast Switching Speed Demonstrated in Wafer-Scale Integration of Crystalline Undoped HfO2-Based Ferroelectrics","authors":"Zongwei Shang, Xiaomei Li, Changqing Ye, Hao Li, Puyang Cai, Xing Wu*, Runsheng Wang*, Ming Li* and Ru Huang, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c0576510.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05765https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05765","url":null,"abstract":"Hafnium oxide-based ferroelectric materials have been researched extensively for high-speed, low-power nonvolatile memory devices. However, doping HfO2 through atomic layer deposition (ALD) cycles primarily aims to enhance specific properties but also introduces challenges in balancing performance and reliability. Therefore, understanding the properties of intrinsic crystalline HfO2-based ferroelectric materials and developing undoped HfO2 ferroelectric devices with exceptional comprehensive properties are crucial. Here, we successfully fabricated well-engineered undoped HfO2 ferroelectric devices with high endurance (>1011 cycles), large grain size (>60 nm), and ultrahigh switching speed (∼1 ns). The results indicate that controlling the oxygen partial pressure can regulate the concentration of oxygen vacancies (VO), thereby stabilizing the ferroelectric phase. Finally, a comprehensive study of device variability is conducted, confirming a low device to device (D2D) variation. The outstanding comprehensive performance will enhance confidence in undoped HfO2 as a viable candidate for ferroelectrics in VLSI applications.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"25 10","pages":"3826–3833 3826–3833"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intelligent Strategy of Lithium Metal Reconstruction through Generation of a Protective Layer and Regulating Lithium Deposition

IF 10.8 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Letters

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05490

Xiaoyi Wang, Cheng Liu, Shaojie Zhang, Jie Sun

Lithium metal has been considered as the most promising anode for next-generation batteries. However, its high reactivity with electrolyte and the growth of lithium dendrites hamper the application of lithium metal-based batteries. Herein, we demonstrate that lithium polyphosphides (Li_xPPs) can be dissolved in diethyl carbonate (DEC) and used as a reconditioner for generating a protective layer and regulating deposition of the Li metal anode. Since Li_xPPs are reduced prior to Li deposition in the lithiation process, their product can be a uniform and tight layer at the surface of the Li metal. The in situ-formed protection layer has superhigh Li ionic conductivity, and its thickness can be easily controlled by tuning the amount of Li_xPPs, thus facilitating the interface stability. The Li–Li symmetry batteries show stable cycling performance at 2 mA cm^–2 and 1 mAh cm^–2 over 5000 h. Interestingly, it exhibits a self-healing function on scratched Li metal.

引用次数: 0

Observation of Bloch Flatbands and Localized States in Moiré Bilayer Grating 观测莫伊里双层光栅中的布洛赫平带和局部状态

IF 10.8 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Letters

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00304

Qinyu Jing, Zhiyuan Che, Shaohu Chen, Tongtong Xue, Jiajun Wang, Wenzhe Liu, Yunyun Dai, Lei Shi, Jian Zi

Here, we explore the formation of Bloch flatbands in photonic moiré bilayer grating. The stacking-induced interlayer coupling contrast serves as a crucial condition for flatband formation. The number of Bloch flatbands is related to the number of antinodes present within one unitcell of monolayer grating. By applying the band-unfolding approach to moiré supercell states, we identify that the associated localized states in moiré bilayer grating arise from the “beating” mode between Bloch standing-waves associated with two similar periods. Experimentally, we established a resonance-enhanced photon scattering setup to directly measure Bloch flatbands and observe the corresponding localized states in the moiré photonic system. Furthermore, we present the experimental demonstration of third-harmonic generation enhancement facilitated by moiré-induced flatbands. Our work provides insights into moiré-induced modulation of photonic band structures, opening up possibilities for novel optical phenomena and device applications in photonic crystals.

引用次数: 0

Achieving Higher-Order Exceptional Points in a Terahertz Metasurface 在太赫兹元表面实现高阶异常点

IF 10.8 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Letters

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05599

Peng Fu, Peng Pai, Wenze Lan, Shuo Du, Jiawei Shao, Leyong Hu, Chensheng Li, Yuyang Zhang, Zi-Lan Deng, Baoli Liu, Luyi Yang, Changzhi Gu

Exceptional points (EPs) are unique features of non-Hermitian systems, where eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, enabling functionalities such as ultrasensitive sensing and topological energy transfer. While higher-order EPs have been studied in microdisk cavities and circuits, their realization in metasurfaces has been challenging. In this work, we demonstrate the first realization of a third-order EP (EP3) in terahertz metasurfaces by tuning the near-field interaction between three gold split-ring resonators. This transition from second-order EP (EP2) to EP3 is validated by the simultaneous collapse of three eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Using a global optimization algorithm combined with neural networks, we optimized the condition for EP3 in a high-dimensional parameter space. Our terahertz metasurface is suitable for ultrasensitive biosensing applications, offering a novel mechanism for EP3 realization and paving the way for advanced optical communication and sensing systems.

引用次数: 0

Biomimetic Nanoparticles Inhibit the HIF-1α/iNOS/NLRP3 Pathway to Alleviate Rheumatoid Arthritis 仿生纳米粒子抑制 HIF-1α/iNOS/NLRP3 通路以缓解类风湿性关节炎

IF 10.8 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Letters

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05782

Mo Chen, Zhenhua Wang, Haolong Chen, Jin Li, Xing Guo, Shaobing Zhou

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease distinguished by inflammatory synovitis. Chrysin can alleviate the inflammatory response and inhibit the progression of RA. However, unfavorable physicochemical properties and nonselective biodistribution of chrysin make it difficult to achieve good therapeutic efficacy. To address these challenges, we developed a biomimetic nanocarrier to enhance the targeted delivery of chrysin to synoviocytes, a key cellular component in RA pathology. Our nanodrug, FMPlipo@C, was engineered by integrating fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) membrane proteins into chrysin-loaded liposomes. This innovative approach harnesses homologous targeting mediated by FLS membrane proteins to direct liposomes to inflamed joints, facilitating cargo release within synoviocytes. We showed that FMPlipo@C reduces inflammation in collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis (CIA) model mice by inhibiting the HIF-1α/iNOS/NLRP3 pathway, protecting cartilage, and preventing bone erosion, thus reducing swelling and stiffness. This study offers valuable insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of RA.

{"title":"Biomimetic Nanoparticles Inhibit the HIF-1α/iNOS/NLRP3 Pathway to Alleviate Rheumatoid Arthritis","authors":"Mo Chen, Zhenhua Wang, Haolong Chen, Jin Li, Xing Guo, Shaobing Zhou","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05782","url":null,"abstract":"Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease distinguished by inflammatory synovitis. Chrysin can alleviate the inflammatory response and inhibit the progression of RA. However, unfavorable physicochemical properties and nonselective biodistribution of chrysin make it difficult to achieve good therapeutic efficacy. To address these challenges, we developed a biomimetic nanocarrier to enhance the targeted delivery of chrysin to synoviocytes, a key cellular component in RA pathology. Our nanodrug, FMPlipo@C, was engineered by integrating fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) membrane proteins into chrysin-loaded liposomes. This innovative approach harnesses homologous targeting mediated by FLS membrane proteins to direct liposomes to inflamed joints, facilitating cargo release within synoviocytes. We showed that FMPlipo@C reduces inflammation in collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis (CIA) model mice by inhibiting the HIF-1α/iNOS/NLRP3 pathway, protecting cartilage, and preventing bone erosion, thus reducing swelling and stiffness. This study offers valuable insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of RA.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediction of a Two-Gap High-Tc Superconducting Covalent Organic Framework

IF 9.6 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Letters

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c0033410.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00334

Peng-Jen Chen*,

Metallization of covalent bonds can bring about superconductivity in covalent materials. Mostly, it is achieved either by introducing dopants into the semiconducting parent compounds or by shifting the Fermi level by external gating. Intrinsic superconductivity in pure covalent materials is rare. In this work, we predict the intrinsic superconductivity in a previously proposed two-dimensional covalent organic framework (COF). The metallization of covalent bonds is achieved by making the lone pairs of nitrogen atoms partially participate in bonding. More interestingly, our calculations of electron–phonon couplings and anisotropic Migdal–Eliashberg theory indicate that it is a two-gap superconductor with a transition temperature (T_c) of ∼85 K. Our work not only proposes a new superconducting COF but also provides a guideline to search for metallic COFs and conventional high-T_c superconductors with metallic covalent bonds.

引用次数: 0

Direct Visualization of the Impurity Occupancy Road Map in Ni-Substituted van der Waals Ferromagnet Fe3GaTe2

IF 10.8 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Letters

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05811

Jian Yuan, Haonan Wang, Xiaofei Hou, Binshuo Zhang, Yurui Wei, Jiangteng Guo, Lu Sun, Zhenhai Yu, Xiangqi Liu, Wei Xia, Xia Wang, Xuerong Liu, Yulin Chen, Shihao Zhang, Xuewen Fu, Ke Qu, Zhenzhong Yang, Yanfeng Guo

Impurity substitution is effective for studying the intrinsic properties of a quantum material. When the target element has multiple Wyckoff positions, it is challenging but essential to know the exact position and occupancy order of the impurity atoms. Via comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigations, we establish the Ni substitution road map in van der Waals ferromagnet Fe₃GaTe₂. The results unambiguously reveal that in (Fe_1–xNi_x)₃GaTe₂, Ni atoms initially form interlayer gap Ni3 sites when x < 0.1 and then gradually occupy Fe2 sites. When x > 0.75, they start to substitute for Fe1 sites and eventually realize full occupation. Accordingly, T_C and saturation moments both show nonlinear decreases tied to the different roles of Ni3, Fe1, and Fe2 sites in the spin Hamiltonian. The results not only yield fruitful insights into the roles of different Fe sites in Fe₃GaTe₂ but also set a paradigm for the future study of impurity substitution on other quantum materials.

{"title":"Direct Visualization of the Impurity Occupancy Road Map in Ni-Substituted van der Waals Ferromagnet Fe3GaTe2","authors":"Jian Yuan, Haonan Wang, Xiaofei Hou, Binshuo Zhang, Yurui Wei, Jiangteng Guo, Lu Sun, Zhenhai Yu, Xiangqi Liu, Wei Xia, Xia Wang, Xuerong Liu, Yulin Chen, Shihao Zhang, Xuewen Fu, Ke Qu, Zhenzhong Yang, Yanfeng Guo","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05811","url":null,"abstract":"Impurity substitution is effective for studying the intrinsic properties of a quantum material. When the target element has multiple Wyckoff positions, it is challenging but essential to know the exact position and occupancy order of the impurity atoms. Via comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigations, we establish the Ni substitution road map in van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GaTe2. The results unambiguously reveal that in (Fe1–xNix)3GaTe2, Ni atoms initially form interlayer gap Ni3 sites when x < 0.1 and then gradually occupy Fe2 sites. When x > 0.75, they start to substitute for Fe1 sites and eventually realize full occupation. Accordingly, TC and saturation moments both show nonlinear decreases tied to the different roles of Ni3, Fe1, and Fe2 sites in the spin Hamiltonian. The results not only yield fruitful insights into the roles of different Fe sites in Fe3GaTe2 but also set a paradigm for the future study of impurity substitution on other quantum materials.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Twist Angle-Dependent Exciton Mobility in WS2 Bilayers

IF 10.8 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Letters

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00027

Yangguang Zhong, Shuai Yue, Jieyuan Liang, Long Yuan, Yuexing Xia, Yubo Tian, Yuanyuan Zheng, Yuyang Zhang, Wenna Du, Dong Li, Shula Chen, Anlian Pan, Xinfeng Liu

Bilayer WS₂ shows exceptional promise for excitonic devices due to its defect tolerance, high carrier density, and angle-tunable electronic properties. However, fundamental understanding of twist angle-dependent exciton transport remains limited due to challenges in sample preparation and interplays between interlayer coupling and moiré potential. Using transient reflection microscopy (TRM), we systematically studied exciton mobility in chemical vapor deposition-grown (CVD-grown) bilayer WS₂ with different twist angles. At 0°, strong interlayer coupling without moiré potential effects yielded the highest exciton mobility (87.3 cm²/V s)- 10-fold greater than monolayer WS₂-with a 1.06 μm diffusion length, while the 25° sample showed reduced mobility (44.5 cm²/(V s)) and shorter diffusion length (0.88 μm) due to weakened coupling and moiré potential effects, and the 60° case exhibited intermediate characteristics. This work demonstrates that interlayer coupling and moiré potential modulation critically determine exciton transport dynamics in layered two-dimensional semiconductors, providing essential guidelines for device engineering.

{"title":"Twist Angle-Dependent Exciton Mobility in WS2 Bilayers","authors":"Yangguang Zhong, Shuai Yue, Jieyuan Liang, Long Yuan, Yuexing Xia, Yubo Tian, Yuanyuan Zheng, Yuyang Zhang, Wenna Du, Dong Li, Shula Chen, Anlian Pan, Xinfeng Liu","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00027","url":null,"abstract":"Bilayer WS2 shows exceptional promise for excitonic devices due to its defect tolerance, high carrier density, and angle-tunable electronic properties. However, fundamental understanding of twist angle-dependent exciton transport remains limited due to challenges in sample preparation and interplays between interlayer coupling and moiré potential. Using transient reflection microscopy (TRM), we systematically studied exciton mobility in chemical vapor deposition-grown (CVD-grown) bilayer WS2 with different twist angles. At 0°, strong interlayer coupling without moiré potential effects yielded the highest exciton mobility (87.3 cm2/V s)- 10-fold greater than monolayer WS2-with a 1.06 μm diffusion length, while the 25° sample showed reduced mobility (44.5 cm2/(V s)) and shorter diffusion length (0.88 μm) due to weakened coupling and moiré potential effects, and the 60° case exhibited intermediate characteristics. This work demonstrates that interlayer coupling and moiré potential modulation critically determine exciton transport dynamics in layered two-dimensional semiconductors, providing essential guidelines for device engineering.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selective Surface Passivation for Ultrathin and Continuous Metallic Films via Atomic Layer Deposition

IF 10.8 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Letters

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00590

Han Kim, Taeseok Kim, Minseok Kim, Jihoon Jeon, Gwang Min Park, Sung-Chul Kim, Sung Ok Won, Ryosuke Harada, Sangtae Kim, Seong Keun Kim

The high surface energy of metals often drives the formation of isolated ultrathin islands of metal nuclei during film fabrication, which remains a significant challenge in achieving continuous, smooth metallic films. This study introduces an inhibitor-modified atomic layer deposition (ALD) strategy for producing ultrathin continuous Ir and Pt films on dielectric substrates. Aniline, which was used as the inhibitor, was exclusively adsorbed onto the metallic surface. The selective passivation of metal nuclei with aniline suppresses the lateral growth of existing nuclei while promoting the formation of new nuclei, enabling the formation of continuous films with thicknesses below 1 and 2.3 nm for Ir and Pt, respectively. Compared with conventional ALD, this approach significantly improved the surface smoothness and reduced the resistivity. Furthermore, this approach is particularly effective for precursors with substantial nucleation delays. This strategy offers an effective solution for fabricating ultrathin and smooth metallic films for emerging electronic devices.

{"title":"Selective Surface Passivation for Ultrathin and Continuous Metallic Films via Atomic Layer Deposition","authors":"Han Kim, Taeseok Kim, Minseok Kim, Jihoon Jeon, Gwang Min Park, Sung-Chul Kim, Sung Ok Won, Ryosuke Harada, Sangtae Kim, Seong Keun Kim","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00590","url":null,"abstract":"The high surface energy of metals often drives the formation of isolated ultrathin islands of metal nuclei during film fabrication, which remains a significant challenge in achieving continuous, smooth metallic films. This study introduces an inhibitor-modified atomic layer deposition (ALD) strategy for producing ultrathin continuous Ir and Pt films on dielectric substrates. Aniline, which was used as the inhibitor, was exclusively adsorbed onto the metallic surface. The selective passivation of metal nuclei with aniline suppresses the lateral growth of existing nuclei while promoting the formation of new nuclei, enabling the formation of continuous films with thicknesses below 1 and 2.3 nm for Ir and Pt, respectively. Compared with conventional ALD, this approach significantly improved the surface smoothness and reduced the resistivity. Furthermore, this approach is particularly effective for precursors with substantial nucleation delays. This strategy offers an effective solution for fabricating ultrathin and smooth metallic films for emerging electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143539250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coumarin Excimer Nanotube for Long-Time Lysosome Tracking 用于长时间跟踪溶酶体的香豆素准分子纳米管

IF 10.8 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Letters

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00041

Yang Yang, Xiaoyang Liu, Ying Xu, Fan Xing, Zihan Yuan, Yuxuan Chen, Xiaofeng Wu, Cailian Wang, Gaolin Liang

Lysosome abnormality closely relates to a variety of diseases; thus, its long-time tracking could benefit accurate disease diagnosis. Current long-time lysosome imaging probes are not biocompatible enough, while compatible peptide-based probes are easily degraded by the abundant proteinases in lysosome. Herein, we rationally design a d-amino acid-containing peptide Cys(StBu)-d-Glu-Lys(coumarin)-d-Glu-CBT (Cou-D/L-CBT) which is subjected to intracellular GSH-initiated CBT-Cys click reaction and assembles into nanotubes in acidic lysosome. In vitro experiments showed that, under reduction environment and at pH 4.8, Cou-D/L-CBT assembled into nanotubes with an outer diameter of 156 nm, accompanied by “turn-on” coumarin excimer fluorescence at 550 nm. Cell experiments indicated that while Cou-D/L-CBT provided 29 h of lysosome fluorescence imaging, control probe Cou-L-CBT sustained only 6 h. We expect that our Cou-D/L-CBT could be applied for in vitro sensitive diagnosis of lysosome-related diseases in the clinic in the near future.

引用次数: 0

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