Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.4
Jana KOURILOVA, Denisa ALBERTOVA, Martin PELUCHA
Gentrification is a complex process taking place in major cities around the world. This process varies from city to city and it is influenced by the specific conditions of each country. Both positive and negative impacts of gentrification can affect a city’s resilience. The aim of this paper is to assess and verify how residential and commercial gentrification is taking place in two selected locations of the municipal district Holešovice in the City of Prague. Both locations are attractive due to their proximity to the city centre. The paper focuses on two aspects of gentrification, i.e., the outcomes of demographic changes and its physical dimension, assessed by the visual complexity of building appearance. The results show the relationship and temporal continuity of residential and commercial gentrification. With its findings, the paper contributes to the knowledge base of urban studies following the identified growing need for commercial facilities in urban districts as a result of demographic changes.
{"title":"DEMOGRAPHIC AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF GENTRIFICATION IN RELATION TO RESILIENCE OF URBAN LOCALITIES: CASE STUDY OF THE RENOVATED DISTRICT IN THE CITY OF PRAGUE","authors":"Jana KOURILOVA, Denisa ALBERTOVA, Martin PELUCHA","doi":"10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Gentrification is a complex process taking place in major cities around the world. This process varies from city to city and it is influenced by the specific conditions of each country. Both positive and negative impacts of gentrification can affect a city’s resilience. The aim of this paper is to assess and verify how residential and commercial gentrification is taking place in two selected locations of the municipal district Holešovice in the City of Prague. Both locations are attractive due to their proximity to the city centre. The paper focuses on two aspects of gentrification, i.e., the outcomes of demographic changes and its physical dimension, assessed by the visual complexity of building appearance. The results show the relationship and temporal continuity of residential and commercial gentrification. With its findings, the paper contributes to the knowledge base of urban studies following the identified growing need for commercial facilities in urban districts as a result of demographic changes.","PeriodicalId":54010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Regional Analysis","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136293576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.3
Hamid MIRZAHOSSEIN, Ali BAKHTIARI, Mahdi NOSRATI, Xia JIN
The vast range of location alternatives and the preference heterogeneity have made it challenging to model, analyse, and predict the location choice process. In this study, we propose a two-step analytical model to focus on lowering the magnitude of these choices. The Transportation Planning Board's 2007-2008 household survey was used in the Washington metropolitan area, consisting of 3722 Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZ). First, location choice alternatives were clustered based on TAZs into homogeneous groups. These TAZs were categorized based on accessibility to public transport, population density, and employment density. Then, the Multinomial Logit (MNL) model was employed to allow the interpretation of the relationship between the clustered areas and the socio-economic characteristics. Four clustering algorithms were compared in terms of efficiency, and the mini-batch k-means performed the best based on the silhouette coefficient. Overall, households tend to prefer suburban areas as household size and the number of owned vehicles increase. Urban areas were selected with an increase in income, number of household workers, number of unemployed looking for a job, number of part-time employees, number of retirees, and the presence of university students. This paper contributes to the current trend of using unsupervised algorithms in the urban planning literature.
{"title":"CLUSTERING AND MULTINOMIAL LOGIT ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING HOUSEHOLD RESIDENTIAL LOCATION CHOICE IN THE WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA","authors":"Hamid MIRZAHOSSEIN, Ali BAKHTIARI, Mahdi NOSRATI, Xia JIN","doi":"10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The vast range of location alternatives and the preference heterogeneity have made it challenging to model, analyse, and predict the location choice process. In this study, we propose a two-step analytical model to focus on lowering the magnitude of these choices. The Transportation Planning Board's 2007-2008 household survey was used in the Washington metropolitan area, consisting of 3722 Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZ). First, location choice alternatives were clustered based on TAZs into homogeneous groups. These TAZs were categorized based on accessibility to public transport, population density, and employment density. Then, the Multinomial Logit (MNL) model was employed to allow the interpretation of the relationship between the clustered areas and the socio-economic characteristics. Four clustering algorithms were compared in terms of efficiency, and the mini-batch k-means performed the best based on the silhouette coefficient. Overall, households tend to prefer suburban areas as household size and the number of owned vehicles increase. Urban areas were selected with an increase in income, number of household workers, number of unemployed looking for a job, number of part-time employees, number of retirees, and the presence of university students. This paper contributes to the current trend of using unsupervised algorithms in the urban planning literature.","PeriodicalId":54010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Regional Analysis","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.6
Ángel MIRAMONTES-CARBALLADA, Miguel PAZOS-OTÓN
The COVID-19 pandemic developed in a context of hypermobility. International globalised financial capitalism has been consolidated at the beginning of the 21st century and it has resulted in an unprecedented increase in mobility. In Galicia (an autonomous region located in the northwest of Spain), as in many other Spanish, European and world territories, mobility restrictions were carried out according to different criteria. Here we will be concerned with showing the effectiveness of the different measures taken by the national and regional governments, linked to mobility and pandemic management. To achieve this objective, in addition to the official reports from the competent authorities, we use detailed data on the number and addresses of those infected during the first wave. We have this information because we were selected by the Government of Galicia to carry out a study on the territorial behaviour of the pandemic in Galicia.
{"title":"MOBILITY AS CENTRAL ELEMENT IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: FROM ACCELERATION TO CONTAINMENT. EXPERIENCE AND LESSONS FROM GALICIA (SPAIN)","authors":"Ángel MIRAMONTES-CARBALLADA, Miguel PAZOS-OTÓN","doi":"10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic developed in a context of hypermobility. International globalised financial capitalism has been consolidated at the beginning of the 21st century and it has resulted in an unprecedented increase in mobility. In Galicia (an autonomous region located in the northwest of Spain), as in many other Spanish, European and world territories, mobility restrictions were carried out according to different criteria. Here we will be concerned with showing the effectiveness of the different measures taken by the national and regional governments, linked to mobility and pandemic management. To achieve this objective, in addition to the official reports from the competent authorities, we use detailed data on the number and addresses of those infected during the first wave. We have this information because we were selected by the Government of Galicia to carry out a study on the territorial behaviour of the pandemic in Galicia.","PeriodicalId":54010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Regional Analysis","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Promoting education is a priority for most of the world’s governments, but, in some cases, beneficial access to school curricula and student achievement is influenced by the socioeconomic background. We investigate the influence of many aspects of the Italian socioeconomic background on school achievement, specifically on mathematical capabilities, at two school levels (primary and secondary) by using regional data over the period 2013-2019. Italy is a country with a solid scholastic tradition that, especially in the past, had a strong imprint mainly of humanistic and social culture. Investments are currently being made in human capital (HC), particularly in the scientific, mathematical and computer fields; however, the results vary according to region. The results show that in the central-northern regions, a virtuous circle of HC enrichment can be triggered, while in the southern regions, economic support is necessary. In addition, we observe that a sort of family safety net (a form of social capital) could play a positive role in sustaining the students’ learning efforts in the southern area. It seems that the different support for school education that underlies the Italian “North-South problem” is one of the causes of the gap in the local levels of HC development.
{"title":"WHERE THE NORTH-SOUTH GAP IN HUMAN CAPITAL BEGINS: AN ANALYSIS OF EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES ACROSS THE ITALIAN REGIONS","authors":"Paola NARDONE, Iacopo ODOARDI, Assia LIBERATORE, Dario D’INGIULLO","doi":"10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Promoting education is a priority for most of the world’s governments, but, in some cases, beneficial access to school curricula and student achievement is influenced by the socioeconomic background. We investigate the influence of many aspects of the Italian socioeconomic background on school achievement, specifically on mathematical capabilities, at two school levels (primary and secondary) by using regional data over the period 2013-2019. Italy is a country with a solid scholastic tradition that, especially in the past, had a strong imprint mainly of humanistic and social culture. Investments are currently being made in human capital (HC), particularly in the scientific, mathematical and computer fields; however, the results vary according to region. The results show that in the central-northern regions, a virtuous circle of HC enrichment can be triggered, while in the southern regions, economic support is necessary. In addition, we observe that a sort of family safety net (a form of social capital) could play a positive role in sustaining the students’ learning efforts in the southern area. It seems that the different support for school education that underlies the Italian “North-South problem” is one of the causes of the gap in the local levels of HC development.","PeriodicalId":54010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Regional Analysis","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.5
Foroogh ALI KOMAK, Nor Azlina ABU BAKAR, Faziawati Abdul AZIZ, Norsidah UJANG
The phenomenon of rapid urbanisation that has occurred since the 1950s has presented opportunities for growth and innovation in cities, primarily through the utilisation of urban agglomerations and economies of scale. Urban areas encounter diverse obstacles that restrict their ability to provide services to inhabitants and hinder the achievement of a sustainable urban future for the residents. This research examines the issue of urban functional weakness, with a specific emphasis on the emergence of a global technology hub such as Cyberjaya, Malaysia. This study analyses the relocation behaviours of residents, with a focus on the international community, and it identifies inadequate public infrastructure as the primary factor contributing to liveability issues within the urban area. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, utilising both quantitative data collection and in-depth interviews, to support its findings. This study examines the impact of social variables and public infrastructure on neighbourhood liveability and design quality. The findings suggest that social variables play a significant role in neighbourhood liveability, while public infrastructure has a positive effect on both liveability and design quality.
{"title":"ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE ON NEIGHBORHOOD LIVABILITY IN CYBERJAYA, MALAYSIA: A GLOBAL TECHNOLOGICAL HUB","authors":"Foroogh ALI KOMAK, Nor Azlina ABU BAKAR, Faziawati Abdul AZIZ, Norsidah UJANG","doi":"10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of rapid urbanisation that has occurred since the 1950s has presented opportunities for growth and innovation in cities, primarily through the utilisation of urban agglomerations and economies of scale. Urban areas encounter diverse obstacles that restrict their ability to provide services to inhabitants and hinder the achievement of a sustainable urban future for the residents. This research examines the issue of urban functional weakness, with a specific emphasis on the emergence of a global technology hub such as Cyberjaya, Malaysia. This study analyses the relocation behaviours of residents, with a focus on the international community, and it identifies inadequate public infrastructure as the primary factor contributing to liveability issues within the urban area. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, utilising both quantitative data collection and in-depth interviews, to support its findings. This study examines the impact of social variables and public infrastructure on neighbourhood liveability and design quality. The findings suggest that social variables play a significant role in neighbourhood liveability, while public infrastructure has a positive effect on both liveability and design quality.","PeriodicalId":54010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Regional Analysis","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.1
Iancu-Constantin BERCEANU, Nicolae POPA, Remus CREȚAN
The issue of intercultural negociation among ethnic minorities in border areas has been widely debated in the social sciences, but the roles played by spatial vicinity and cultural proximity in influencing ethnic membership in borderland areas is still under-researched. This article addresses the role of geographic vicinity among ethnic minorities residing in a border area and the way cultural proximity is involved in this process. The research uses a questionnaire and interviews with a sample of members of ethnic groups (Hungarians, Bulgarians, Serbs, and Ukrainians) who live in western Romania (Timiș county). The findings highlight that geographic proximity constitutes a key factor in the manifestation of cultural proximity in the relationship between ethnic minorities and their counterparts in the cross-border region. This process is also shaped by the bilateral relations between the host country and the country of origin of the ethnic group. Concluding the analysis, a cross-over ethnic model is proposed.
{"title":"TOWARDS A REGIONAL CROSSOVER MODEL? THE ROLES PLAYED BY SPATIAL VICINITY AND CULTURAL PROXIMITY AMONG ETHNIC MINORITIES IN AN EAST-CENTRAL EUROPEAN BORDERLAND","authors":"Iancu-Constantin BERCEANU, Nicolae POPA, Remus CREȚAN","doi":"10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37043/jura.2023.15.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of intercultural negociation among ethnic minorities in border areas has been widely debated in the social sciences, but the roles played by spatial vicinity and cultural proximity in influencing ethnic membership in borderland areas is still under-researched. This article addresses the role of geographic vicinity among ethnic minorities residing in a border area and the way cultural proximity is involved in this process. The research uses a questionnaire and interviews with a sample of members of ethnic groups (Hungarians, Bulgarians, Serbs, and Ukrainians) who live in western Romania (Timiș county). The findings highlight that geographic proximity constitutes a key factor in the manifestation of cultural proximity in the relationship between ethnic minorities and their counterparts in the cross-border region. This process is also shaped by the bilateral relations between the host country and the country of origin of the ethnic group. Concluding the analysis, a cross-over ethnic model is proposed.","PeriodicalId":54010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Regional Analysis","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.37043/jura.2023.15.1.3
Marcin Spychała
The article focuses on the analysis of the level of the socio-economic development of 239 NUTS-3 level subregions of Central-Eastern Europe based on 31 indicators categorized within the 3 subcomponents (factors) of the regional development: the human capital, the natural environment as well as entrepreneurship and innovativeness. The purpose of the article is to specify the variation in the level of the socio-economic development of the subregions within the arrangement of the NUTS-3 units. The level of the socio-economic development as well as the level of the development of its factors shall be presented based on a synthetic gauge exhibiting the taxonomic distance of a particular subregion from the established pattern of the development. In the study, a hypothesis shall be verified according to which the socio-economic development of Central-Eastern European subregions is highly varied and its highest level is registered in the subregions located around the capitals of the researched states. In the first part of the article an analysis of the theories of the regional development was made with a special consideration of the factors of the socio-economic development. Five stages of the research procedure conducted were then discussed. The results received were comprised within table charts, moreover they were presented in the form of choropleths representing the spatial variation of the level of the socio-economic development of the NUTS-3 unit in Central-Eastern Europe.
{"title":"DIFFERENTIATION OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE NUTS-3 SUBREGIONS IN THE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE","authors":"Marcin Spychała","doi":"10.37043/jura.2023.15.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37043/jura.2023.15.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the analysis of the level of the socio-economic development of 239 NUTS-3 level subregions of Central-Eastern Europe based on 31 indicators categorized within the 3 subcomponents (factors) of the regional development: the human capital, the natural environment as well as entrepreneurship and innovativeness. The purpose of the article is to specify the variation in the level of the socio-economic development of the subregions within the arrangement of the NUTS-3 units. The level of the socio-economic development as well as the level of the development of its factors shall be presented based on a synthetic gauge exhibiting the taxonomic distance of a particular subregion from the established pattern of the development. In the study, a hypothesis shall be verified according to which the socio-economic development of Central-Eastern European subregions is highly varied and its highest level is registered in the subregions located around the capitals of the researched states. In the first part of the article an analysis of the theories of the regional development was made with a special consideration of the factors of the socio-economic development. Five stages of the research procedure conducted were then discussed. The results received were comprised within table charts, moreover they were presented in the form of choropleths representing the spatial variation of the level of the socio-economic development of the NUTS-3 unit in Central-Eastern Europe.","PeriodicalId":54010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Regional Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46554395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.37043/jura.2023.15.1.2
Athanasios-Alexandru Gavrildis, M. Niță, D. Onose
In the context of urban areas sheltering more than two thirds of the world’s population, providing health security within cities becomes a challenge. The outbreak of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic emphasized the urgency of assessing urban healthiness. Through our study we scoped the scientific literature published in the past 10 years that addressed the issue of health in relation with urban landscapes. We aimed to extract the scholars’ expertized concerned by this topic, determine the main methods and indicators used in researching the role of urban landscapes on health and wellbeing and to cluster the types of urban landscapes according to health approaches. A vast majority of the published papers were based on perception analysis, mainly self-perceived health assessments, literature reviews and environmental quality assessments. Greenscapes and bluescapes were tagged as therapeutic landscapes within urban structures. High density of built-up space or crowed residential areas were described as potential harmful landscape.
{"title":"LANDSCAPES OF HEALTH – A REVIEW OF THE RESEARCH ON URBAN LANDSCAPES ASSOCIATED WITH HEALTH AND WELLBEING","authors":"Athanasios-Alexandru Gavrildis, M. Niță, D. Onose","doi":"10.37043/jura.2023.15.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37043/jura.2023.15.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of urban areas sheltering more than two thirds of the world’s population, providing health security within cities becomes a challenge. The outbreak of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic emphasized the urgency of assessing urban healthiness. Through our study we scoped the scientific literature published in the past 10 years that addressed the issue of health in relation with urban landscapes. We aimed to extract the scholars’ expertized concerned by this topic, determine the main methods and indicators used in researching the role of urban landscapes on health and wellbeing and to cluster the types of urban landscapes according to health approaches. A vast majority of the published papers were based on perception analysis, mainly self-perceived health assessments, literature reviews and environmental quality assessments. Greenscapes and bluescapes were tagged as therapeutic landscapes within urban structures. High density of built-up space or crowed residential areas were described as potential harmful landscape.","PeriodicalId":54010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Regional Analysis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41404161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.37043/jura.2023.15.1.1
Jahangir Wasim, F. Almeida, Reece Jay Chalmers
There is a clear gap in the literature, comparing entrepreneurship in urban and rural areas and analysing distinct differences between them, impacting their survival and growth. A case study approach was adopted, with six cases on urban and rural Scottish enterprises. This study aims to find the motivations and classifications of success for urban and rural entrepreneurs. These contrasting motivations and conceptions of success have been linked to the way companies strategise. Our findings contribute to the literature by adding an understanding of the motivations of entrepreneurs in rural and urban businesses, respectively. Further, the study was conducted in Scotland, which adds a further understanding of the motivations of entrepreneurs within the country specifically, which can be used in further research within the country.
{"title":"THE EFFECTS OF GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION ON THE PERFORMANCE AND PERCEPTION OF ENTREPRENEURS","authors":"Jahangir Wasim, F. Almeida, Reece Jay Chalmers","doi":"10.37043/jura.2023.15.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37043/jura.2023.15.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"There is a clear gap in the literature, comparing entrepreneurship in urban and rural areas and analysing distinct differences between them, impacting their survival and growth. A case study approach was adopted, with six cases on urban and rural Scottish enterprises. This study aims to find the motivations and classifications of success for urban and rural entrepreneurs. These contrasting motivations and conceptions of success have been linked to the way companies strategise. Our findings contribute to the literature by adding an understanding of the motivations of entrepreneurs in rural and urban businesses, respectively. Further, the study was conducted in Scotland, which adds a further understanding of the motivations of entrepreneurs within the country specifically, which can be used in further research within the country.","PeriodicalId":54010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Regional Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43655821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.37043/jura.2023.15.1.4
G. Petrakos, K. Rontos, L. Salvati, Chara Vavoura, I. Vavouras
The present study identifies socioeconomic, political, and institutional factors that shape extensive budget unbalances in four European Mediterranean countries (Portugal, Italy, Greece, and Spain), causing significant deficits and a public debt equal to (or above) 120% of their respective Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at the end of 2020. Regression analysis, run on official statistics, demonstrates that the dynamics of fiscal deficits in these countries are largely heterogeneous. This outcome suggests that the various factors and contexts considered here exert different effects in each country. Political factors played an important role in Greece, being less important in Spain, and having a negligible role in both Italy and Portugal. On the contrary, institutional factors were recognized as particularly important in Greece, Italy, and Portugal. Although important almost everywhere, the magnitude of the impact of economic factors also differed across the four countries.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, AND INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS ON BUDGET BALANCES OF THE HEAVILY INDEBTED EUROPEAN COUNTRIES","authors":"G. Petrakos, K. Rontos, L. Salvati, Chara Vavoura, I. Vavouras","doi":"10.37043/jura.2023.15.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37043/jura.2023.15.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The present study identifies socioeconomic, political, and institutional factors that shape extensive budget unbalances in four European Mediterranean countries (Portugal, Italy, Greece, and Spain), causing significant deficits and a public debt equal to (or above) 120% of their respective Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at the end of 2020. Regression analysis, run on official statistics, demonstrates that the dynamics of fiscal deficits in these countries are largely heterogeneous. This outcome suggests that the various factors and contexts considered here exert different effects in each country. Political factors played an important role in Greece, being less important in Spain, and having a negligible role in both Italy and Portugal. On the contrary, institutional factors were recognized as particularly important in Greece, Italy, and Portugal. Although important almost everywhere, the magnitude of the impact of economic factors also differed across the four countries.","PeriodicalId":54010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban and Regional Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48301387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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