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Review: Interwoven, A Digital Public Platform To Connect Artworks Across Museums 评论交织--连接各博物馆艺术品的数字公共平台
2区 艺术学 Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3998/ars.5201
Deepthi Murali
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引用次数: 0
降元後的仇外與認命:龔開《中山出遊圖》對時事的影射 降元後的仇外與認命:龔開《中山出遊圖》對時事的影射
2区 艺术学 Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3998/ars.5200
None 劉晞儀
本文以傳説中的驅鬼神祗鍾馗為基礎,解讀華盛頓史密森學會弗利爾美術館收藏的龔開《中山出遊圖》為一件隱性的自傳性作品,結合繪畫與題跋,抒發他在易代之際不能為國除凶的感觸。作爲元初的宋遺民,龔開要驅除的鬼魅是仗勢欺壓漢人的異族,并不限於主政的蒙古人。他在繪畫和題跋中自我指涉,賦予鍾馗嶄新的形象和生平,呼應自己在宋末元初的特殊經歷。畫中影射的兩件時事透露他對穆斯林和藏僧的反感:1276年冬穆斯林蒲壽庚在泉州給復興宋室大業致命的一擊,1285年藏傳佛教領袖楊璉真加在紹興發掘南宋帝后陵寢。畫中的鍾馗一反傳統神勇形象,神態戒慎收斂,反映龔開委屈認命於異族統治下嚴酷的新現實。
本文以傳説中的驅鬼神祗鍾馗為基礎,解讀華盛頓史密森學會弗利爾美術館收藏的龔開《中山出遊圖》為一件隱性的自傳性作品,結合繪畫與題跋,抒發他在易代之際不能為國除凶的感觸。作爲元初的宋遺民,龔開要驅除的鬼魅是仗勢欺壓漢人的異族,并不限於主政的蒙古人。他在繪畫和題跋中自我指涉,賦予鍾馗嶄新的形象和生平,呼應自己在宋末元初的特殊經歷。畫中影射的兩件時事透露他對穆斯林和藏僧的反感:1276年冬穆斯林蒲壽庚在泉州給復興宋室大業致命的一擊,1285年藏傳佛教領袖楊璉真加在紹興發掘南宋帝后陵寢。畫中的鍾馗一反傳統神勇形象,神態戒慎收斂,反映龔開委屈認命於異族統治下嚴酷的新現實。
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引用次数: 0
Portable Faith: Toward a Non-Site-Specific History of Buddhist Art in Japan 便携式信仰:日本佛教艺术的非特定历史
2区 艺术学 Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3998/ars.4980
Chun-Wa Chan
From small-scale shrines to handheld icons and votive tablets, portability has long factored into the design and reception of Buddhist art. This article charts the uses and design of portable objects that are as instrumental and effective as their monumental counterparts in disseminating Buddhism in Japan. The article first examines the circulation of miniature icons that served as diplomatic gifts in the sixth and seventh centuries. It then turns to figurative plaques from Tang-dynasty China (618–907) that were modified for votive and architectural uses in early Japan. Lastly, the article examines the reasons underlying the enduring popularity of portable shrines in the archipelago. In sum, this article asks: What factors determined the size, scale, and materiality of Buddhist art? More importantly, how does the case of the portable speak to the discipline of Buddhist art that often preoccupies itself with the monumental and the site-specific?
从小型神社到手持圣像和香炉,便携性一直是佛教艺术设计和接受的重要因素。本文描绘了便携式物品的用途和设计,这些物品在日本传播佛教的作用和效果不亚于纪念性物品。文章首先探讨了六世纪和七世纪作为外交礼品的微型圣像的流通情况。然后,文章探讨了唐代中国(618-907 年)的造像牌匾,这些牌匾在日本早期被改装用于祭祀和建筑用途。最后,文章探讨了神轿在日本群岛经久不衰的原因。总之,本文提出了以下问题:是什么因素决定了佛教艺术的大小、规模和物质性?更重要的是,佛教艺术往往专注于纪念性和特定场所,而神龛的情况又如何说明这一点呢?
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引用次数: 0
Xenophobia and Resignation in the Wake of the Mongol Conquest: Topical Allusions in Gong Kai’s Zhong Kui Scroll 蒙古征服后的仇外心理和辞职心理:龚开《钟馗伏魔图》中的典故
2区 艺术学 Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3998/ars.4983
Shi-yee Liu
Drawing on Zhong Kui’s legendary identity as a demon queller, this study suggests that Gong Kai (1222–1307) created a veiled autobiographical work, Zhongshan Going on Excursion in the Freer Gallery of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Asian Art in Washington, DC, that combines painting and inscription to project his unfulfilled aspiration to clear the nation of destructive evils. The demons to be expelled in his life as a Song patriot living into the Mongol Yuan were the powerful and abusive ethnic others, not limited to the ruling Mongols. Conflating himself with Zhong Kui by constructing a new, self-referential biography and image of the demon queller, Gong Kai conveyed his xenophobia during the dynastic transition through two topical allusions, the Muslim merchant-official Pu Shougeng’s fatal blow to the Song revivalist cause in Quanzhou in late 1276 and the Tibetan Buddhist leader Yang Lianzhenjia’s desecration of Song imperial tombs in Shaoxing in 1285. In the painting, Gong Kai confesses his resignation to the brutal new realities under alien rule by portraying Zhong Kui in an uncharacteristically subdued demeanor.
本研究借鉴钟馗降妖除魔的传奇身份,认为龚开(1222-1307 年)创作了一幅隐晦的自传体作品《中山出游图》(现藏于华盛顿特区史密森尼国家亚洲艺术博物馆弗利尔美术馆),该作品将绘画与题词相结合,反映了他清除国家破坏性邪恶的未竟之志。作为生活在蒙元时期的宋朝爱国者,他一生中需要驱除的恶魔是强权和肆虐的其他民族,而不仅限于蒙古统治者。龚开将自己与钟馗混为一谈,构建了一个新的、自我指涉的传记和降魔者形象,通过两个时事典故传达了他在王朝过渡时期的仇外心理:1276 年末穆斯林商人蒲寿庚在泉州对宋朝复兴事业的致命打击,以及 1285 年藏传佛教领袖杨琏真迦在绍兴亵渎宋朝皇陵。在这幅画中,龚开通过描绘钟馗一反常态的低沉神态,向异族统治下残酷的新现实表白了他的屈服。
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引用次数: 0
Green with Envy: Celadons, Circulation, and Emulation in the Red Sea, Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean Worlds 羡慕的绿色:红海、波斯湾和印度洋世界的青瓷、流通和仿制品
2区 艺术学 Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3998/ars.4982
Denise-Marie Teece
Much scholarship concerning the maritime ceramic-exchange networks between China and the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and Indian Ocean worlds has concentrated on the importation of Chinese blue-and-white porcelains and local responses to these wares. Celadon ceramics, however, were among the earliest Chinese wares to be traded—and emulated—within these exchange systems. Foregrounding examples from the collection of the Freer Gallery of Art at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Asian Art, this article will consider textual evidence, manuscript paintings, archaeological finds, and extant objects, in order to explore the reception and emulation of Chinese celadon ceramics within these regions, with a focus on West Asia. Cutting across previously published, somewhat siloed studies, the discussion will place these celadon-exchange histories into a broader framework, tracing varying responses toward these materials in the context of transregional geographies.
有关中国与红海、波斯湾和印度洋世界之间海上陶瓷交流网络的许多学术研究都集中在中国青花瓷的进口和当地对这些瓷器的反应上。然而,青花瓷是最早在这些交流体系中交易和仿效的中国瓷器之一。本文将以史密森尼国家亚洲艺术博物馆弗里尔美术馆的藏品为基础,考虑文字证据、手稿绘画、考古发现和现存物品,以西亚为重点,探讨这些地区对中国青瓷的接受和仿效。讨论将跨越以前发表的、有些孤立的研究,把这些青瓷交流史放到一个更广泛的框架中,追踪在跨区域地理背景下对这些材料的不同反应。
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引用次数: 0
Defining Raku Ceramics: Translations, Elisions, Evolutions 定义拉库陶瓷:翻译、消除、演变
2区 艺术学 Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3998/ars.4986
Morgan Pitelka
Raku ceramics were first produced in Kyoto in the late sixteenth century, and have continued to be made and used in the context of ritualized Japanese tea culture (chanoyu) up to the present day. This essay examines the interest of Charles Lang Freer in Raku ceramics, and considers how his acquisitions—largely collected between 1895 and 1910, a period of some turmoil in the Japanese art market—serve as a useful index to changing assessments of the Raku ceramic tradition and its place in the broader landscape of arts associated with traditional tea culture in Japan and abroad.
乐陶瓷最早于 16 世纪晚期在京都生产,并在日本茶文化(chanoyu)的仪式化背景下持续生产和使用至今。这篇文章探讨了查尔斯-兰-弗里尔对乐陶瓷的兴趣,并研究了他的收藏--主要是在 1895 年至 1910 年期间收集的,这一时期日本艺术市场出现了一些动荡--如何成为一个有用的索引,反映出对乐陶瓷传统不断变化的评价,以及乐陶瓷在日本和国外与传统茶文化相关的更广泛艺术领域中的地位。
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引用次数: 0
An Artistic Nature: Kōno Michisei’s Self-Portrait (1917) 艺术的本质:三成康野的自画像(1917 年)
2区 艺术学 Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3998/ars.4987
Helen Swift
Kōno Michisei’s (1895–1950) Self-Portrait (1917) is celebrated as a masterpiece of Taishō-period (1912–1926) painting in Japan but remains little-known overseas. This article seeks to reintroduce and contextualize this rare example of a Japanese oil painting in an American collection with an exploration of the artist’s conception of his self-portrait between the dynamic currents of Taisho period yōga (Western-style painting) and his own worldview. Kōno stood on the fringes of the Tokyo avant-garde as artists sought to overcome the naturalism advocated by the academy in pursuit of an art more true to the individual. After years of studying prints of the old masters amid the rural environs of his hometown, Nagano, and inspired by a uniquely spiritual outlook, in Self-Portrait, Kōno synthesized the grand portrait mode of Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528) with his own conception of artistic beauty to create a highly idiosyncratic expression of the self.
Kōno Michisei(1895-1950 年)的《自画像》(1917 年)在日本被誉为大正时期(1912-1926 年)绘画的杰作,但在海外却鲜为人知。本文试图重新介绍美国收藏的这幅罕见的日本油画作品,并对其背景进行分析,探讨艺术家在大正时期洋画(西洋画)的动态潮流和他自己的世界观之间对自画像的构思。Kōno 站在东京前卫艺术的边缘,艺术家们试图克服学院派倡导的自然主义,追求一种更忠实于个人的艺术。他在家乡长野的乡村环境中多年研究古代大师的版画,受到独特精神观的启发,在《自画像》中,Kōno 将阿尔布雷希特-丢勒(Albrecht Dürer,1471-1528 年)的宏大肖像模式与他自己的艺术美观念相结合,创造出一种高度特立独行的自我表达方式。
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引用次数: 0
Toward an Ethics of Place: Asian Art in/and Digital Art History 走向地方伦理:数字艺术史中的亚洲艺术
2区 艺术学 Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3998/ars.4988
Stephen H. Whiteman
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引用次数: 0
Did Ernst Herzfeld Find the Qaṣʿat Firʿawn (Pharaoh’s Bowl) in the Caliphal Palace at Samarra? 恩斯特-赫茨菲尔德是否在萨迈拉的卡利法尔宫殿中发现了法老之碗(Qaṣʿat Firʿawn)?
2区 艺术学 Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3998/ars.4981
Fatma Dahmani
Ernst Herzfeld’s (1879–1948) papers on his excavation of the Abbasid city of Samarra, held at the National Museum of Asian Art Archives, include two maps indicating the existence of a large circular basin at the center of the square domed chamber south of the Caliphal Palace’s throne room. The details of this basin are provided in an orthographic drawing, and the captions of two photographs tersely attribute it to the palace. Now in the Madrasa al-Sharābiya in Baghdad, this basin has sometimes been identified as Qaṣʿat Firʿawn (Pharaoh’s Bowl), a large basin cited in medieval sources as having been part of the fountain of the Great Mosque of al-Mutawakkil. Strangely enough, not the slightest mention of this basin has been found in the written records of the excavations or in the published reports. A careful examination of other documents in Herzfeld’s archives and publications, as well as a number of reports of the Iraqi Directorate General of Antiquities, has established that the basin must have been discovered under unknown circumstances at an unspecified location in the palace several years after Herzfeld’s excavation. Furthermore, the study of medieval textual sources and other data related to the basin has shown that the latter is not Qaṣʿat Firʿawn but might well have been a similar basin. Originally a Roman labrum, the basin in question was repurposed during the Abbasid period as part of a low fountain with a unique water-circulation system that bears some similarities to the fountains of Islamic Spain.
恩斯特-赫茨菲尔德(Ernst Herzfeld,1879-1948 年)关于发掘萨迈拉阿巴斯王朝城市的论文保存在国立亚洲艺术博物馆档案馆,其中有两张地图显示,在卡里帕尔王宫王座厅南面的方形圆顶室中央有一个巨大的圆形盆地。一张正射影像图提供了这个盆地的细节,而两张照片的标题则简洁地将其归属于该宫殿。这个盆子现在在巴格达的沙拉比耶学校(Madrasa al-Sharābiya),有时也被认定为法老之碗(Qaṣʿat Firʿawn),中世纪的资料称这个大盆子是穆塔瓦基尔大清真寺喷泉的一部分。奇怪的是,在发掘的书面记录和出版的报告中,却丝毫没有提到这个水盆。通过仔细研究赫茨菲尔德档案和出版物中的其他文件,以及伊拉克文物总局的一些报告,可以确定这个盆子一定是在赫茨菲尔德发掘工作结束几年后,在宫殿的一个不详地点被发现的。此外,对中世纪文字资料和与该盆地相关的其他数据的研究表明,后者并非 Qaṣʿat Firʿawn,而很可能是一个类似的盆地。该盆最初是罗马人的唇形盆,在阿拔斯王朝时期被重新利用,成为低矮喷泉的一部分,其独特的水循环系统与伊斯兰西班牙的喷泉有一些相似之处。
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引用次数: 0
A Singular Step: Freer’s Purchase of the Hanna Collection 独特的一步:弗里尔购买汉娜收藏
2区 艺术学 Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3998/ars.4985
Brinda Kumar
Charles Lang Freer’s purchase of the Henry Bathurst Hanna collection of Indian paintings in 1907 can seem an anomalous, almost incidental acquisition in the career of a collector whose interests for the most part lay elsewhere. Its peculiarity makes it an intriguing episode, and one that but for the presence of some remarkable pieces might arguably be relegated to a footnote in the annals of Freer’s wide-ranging and more extensive areas of collecting. A clearer picture of his motivations comes into focus, however, by considering his pursuit of the collection within the broader range of his own experiences, his milieu, and the prevailing cultural context. This article situates Freer’s interest in a particular collection of Indian art—understood narrowly at the time as concomitant with Mughal painting—against the background of the long presence of India in the United States, the growth of interest in Eastern culture and spirituality in late nineteenth-century New England, the beginnings of the appreciation of the aesthetic value of objects from India in the early twentieth century, and the burgeoning market and place for non-Western works in art museums in metropolitan cities, including the one that Freer had committed to establishing. In so doing, one may better understand the importance he placed on the acquisition of the collection, which would be a singular step that initiated a place for India within fine art museums in the United States.
查尔斯-朗-弗雷尔于1907年购买了亨利-巴瑟斯特-汉纳的印度绘画收藏,这在他的收藏生涯中似乎是一件反常的、几乎偶然的收藏,因为他的大部分兴趣都在其他方面。它的特殊性使其成为一个耐人寻味的插曲,如果不是因为其中有一些杰出的作品,它可能会在弗里尔广泛而深入的收藏领域中沦为一个注脚。然而,如果将他对藏品的追求与他自身的经历、所处的环境以及当时的文化背景结合起来考虑,他的收藏动机就会更加清晰。本文将弗里尔对印度艺术品收藏的兴趣--当时被狭隘地理解为与莫卧儿王朝绘画有关--与印度在美国的长期存在、19 世纪晚期新英格兰地区对东方文化和精神信仰的兴趣增长、20 世纪初开始欣赏来自印度的物品的审美价值以及大都市艺术博物馆(包括弗里尔致力于建立的博物馆)中非西方作品的蓬勃发展的市场和地位等背景联系起来。这样,我们就能更好地理解他对收购藏品的重视程度,这将是印度在美国美术博物馆中占据一席之地的重要一步。
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引用次数: 0
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ARS Orientalis
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