Recently conducted studies have shown that significant benefits are to be gained by joining steel beams and timber slabs. Steel-timber composite beams present a sustainable solution for the construction industry because of their high strength and stiffness, and lower carbon footprint and self-weight than steel-concrete composite beams. The behaviour of steel-timber composite beams is still being investigated to reduce knowledge gaps. This paper presents theoretical and numerical analyses of steel-timber composite beams consisting of steel girders and laminated veneer lumber slabs. The elastic and plastic resistance to bending were estimated analytically based on the elastic analysis and the rigid-plastic theory. The impact of the composite action, the LVL slab thickness, the cross-section of a steel girder and the steel grade on resistance to bending was evaluated. The load-deflection curve of the composite beam was obtained using a 2D finite element model, in which timber failure was captured using the Hashin damage model. The results of the numerical simulation were in good agreement with the ones of the theoretical analyses.
{"title":"Theoretical and Numerical Analyses of Steel-timber Composite Beams with LVL Slabs","authors":"Julia Strzelecka, Łukasz Polus, Marcin Chybiński","doi":"10.59440/ceer/172510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59440/ceer/172510","url":null,"abstract":"Recently conducted studies have shown that significant benefits are to be gained by joining steel beams and timber slabs. Steel-timber composite beams present a sustainable solution for the construction industry because of their high strength and stiffness, and lower carbon footprint and self-weight than steel-concrete composite beams. The behaviour of steel-timber composite beams is still being investigated to reduce knowledge gaps. This paper presents theoretical and numerical analyses of steel-timber composite beams consisting of steel girders and laminated veneer lumber slabs. The elastic and plastic resistance to bending were estimated analytically based on the elastic analysis and the rigid-plastic theory. The impact of the composite action, the LVL slab thickness, the cross-section of a steel girder and the steel grade on resistance to bending was evaluated. The load-deflection curve of the composite beam was obtained using a 2D finite element model, in which timber failure was captured using the Hashin damage model. The results of the numerical simulation were in good agreement with the ones of the theoretical analyses.","PeriodicalId":54121,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135586119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waste management is a crucial issue in the contemporary world, playing a significant role in the fight against environmental problems. Inadequate waste management leads to the pollution of air, water, and soil with toxic and harmful substances and to the emission of greenhouse gases, thereby contributing to climate change, the reduction of biodiversity, and the destruction of ecosystems, as well as to the emergence of diseases and allergies in animals. The management of waste is primarily determined by its type and source, with recycling, incineration, and landfilling being the most common methods. The healthcare sector, with limited opportunities for waste reduction, has its own unique approach to waste management. In particular, dental waste presents a considerable environmental risk due to the hazardous and toxic substances it contains. A prime example of such substances is mercury (Hg), a toxic and bioaccumulative metal that was commonly used in dental amalgam for over a century. With the available statistical data, it is possible to recognize that dentistry can pose a serious threat to the environment, and steps can be taken to control and reduce the production of toxic waste and its potential impact on the environment.
{"title":"Dental Waste - Management and Statistics","authors":"Martyna Myszograj","doi":"10.59440/ceer/172514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59440/ceer/172514","url":null,"abstract":"Waste management is a crucial issue in the contemporary world, playing a significant role in the fight against environmental problems. Inadequate waste management leads to the pollution of air, water, and soil with toxic and harmful substances and to the emission of greenhouse gases, thereby contributing to climate change, the reduction of biodiversity, and the destruction of ecosystems, as well as to the emergence of diseases and allergies in animals. The management of waste is primarily determined by its type and source, with recycling, incineration, and landfilling being the most common methods. The healthcare sector, with limited opportunities for waste reduction, has its own unique approach to waste management. In particular, dental waste presents a considerable environmental risk due to the hazardous and toxic substances it contains. A prime example of such substances is mercury (Hg), a toxic and bioaccumulative metal that was commonly used in dental amalgam for over a century. With the available statistical data, it is possible to recognize that dentistry can pose a serious threat to the environment, and steps can be taken to control and reduce the production of toxic waste and its potential impact on the environment.","PeriodicalId":54121,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135719376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When studying the styles of barracks complexes in Eastern Europe, one can notice two main periods of heightened militarism. The large-scale barracks built in the 1880s represent a style infused with national romanticism. In Prussia, for example, it is Rundbogenstil, which legitimizes monarchical power. As a result of the defeat in World War I, this style is compromised. With the beginning of the 1930s, the tendency to build extensive barracks complexes intensifies again. The buildings erected at that time reflect the tendency to modernize architecture, characterized by functional and hygienic layout of rooms and a cubic style. This tendency is also evident in German barracks, such as those in Wrocław, designed by Otto Salvisberg, and Swiss barracks in Lucerne, designed by Armin Meili. However, due to the tightening of the nationalist rhetoric by the ruling NSDAP, as witnessed by the "Entartete Kunst" exhibition held in Munich in 1937, the international style is rejected in Germany, which was unprecedented at the time. A new style is sought, and the Heimatstil based on vernacular patterns developed in the 1870s fits in with the populist inclinations of the Third Reich. As a result, the design of barracks complexes sees a return to a simplified historicizing style, which then gives way to buildings that represent the biased national style of Heimatschutz, expressiing the polarization of public discourse along the lines of: cosmopolitan "them" and domestic "us".
{"title":"The uniqueness of the German barracks in the context of the style of military architecture in the interwar period.","authors":"Marta Małgorzata Rudnicka-Bogusz","doi":"10.59440/ceer/171657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59440/ceer/171657","url":null,"abstract":"When studying the styles of barracks complexes in Eastern Europe, one can notice two main periods of heightened militarism. The large-scale barracks built in the 1880s represent a style infused with national romanticism. In Prussia, for example, it is Rundbogenstil, which legitimizes monarchical power. As a result of the defeat in World War I, this style is compromised. With the beginning of the 1930s, the tendency to build extensive barracks complexes intensifies again. The buildings erected at that time reflect the tendency to modernize architecture, characterized by functional and hygienic layout of rooms and a cubic style. This tendency is also evident in German barracks, such as those in Wrocław, designed by Otto Salvisberg, and Swiss barracks in Lucerne, designed by Armin Meili. However, due to the tightening of the nationalist rhetoric by the ruling NSDAP, as witnessed by the \"Entartete Kunst\" exhibition held in Munich in 1937, the international style is rejected in Germany, which was unprecedented at the time. A new style is sought, and the Heimatstil based on vernacular patterns developed in the 1870s fits in with the populist inclinations of the Third Reich. As a result, the design of barracks complexes sees a return to a simplified historicizing style, which then gives way to buildings that represent the biased national style of Heimatschutz, expressiing the polarization of public discourse along the lines of: cosmopolitan \"them\" and domestic \"us\".","PeriodicalId":54121,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135260174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Social housing in Algeria is carried out with state budget funds in order to eliminate social inequalities and guarantee a decent life to the citizen. However, delays have been observed in the realization. This study aims to examine the main causes and develop guidelines to effectively mitigate delays. Through an in-depth analysis of the literature and formal interviews on the topic of potential risks with construction experts, a list of 67 delay factors was identified. Data was collected through an online questionnaire via Google Forms and semi-structured interviews of a sample professionals established in Algeria. A total of 59 valid responses were analyzed and classified by SPSS software. The results indicate that the 5 most critical causes are: "Delay in payment", "Slow change orders in extra works", "Ineffective planning and scheduling", "Slow change orders in extra quantities", and "Difficulties in financing the project by contractor". Though, the correct implementation of the measures suggested by this study allows government authorities and professionals to deal with the 10 most critical causes that have favored the occurrence of delays in order to successfully implement similar construction projects.
{"title":"Measures To Mitigate The Main Causes Of Social Hoising Delays In Algeria","authors":"Zemra Rachid","doi":"10.59440/ceer/172022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59440/ceer/172022","url":null,"abstract":"Social housing in Algeria is carried out with state budget funds in order to eliminate social inequalities and guarantee a decent life to the citizen. However, delays have been observed in the realization. This study aims to examine the main causes and develop guidelines to effectively mitigate delays. Through an in-depth analysis of the literature and formal interviews on the topic of potential risks with construction experts, a list of 67 delay factors was identified. Data was collected through an online questionnaire via Google Forms and semi-structured interviews of a sample professionals established in Algeria. A total of 59 valid responses were analyzed and classified by SPSS software. The results indicate that the 5 most critical causes are: \"Delay in payment\", \"Slow change orders in extra works\", \"Ineffective planning and scheduling\", \"Slow change orders in extra quantities\", and \"Difficulties in financing the project by contractor\". Though, the correct implementation of the measures suggested by this study allows government authorities and professionals to deal with the 10 most critical causes that have favored the occurrence of delays in order to successfully implement similar construction projects.","PeriodicalId":54121,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136362631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the following article emphasizes the analysis of technical and economic criteria for radiators, that will help you make the right choice of radiator type. Different solutions for heating flats are presented, the focus is on water-fed radiator solutions. After detailed analysis, the evaluation criteria are selected: indicators of the unit heat output of a radiator related to the mass, volume and length of the radiator QM, QV, QL. Radiator types, nominal working parameters, evaluations criteria and techno-economic analysis of structural solutions for radiators on the example of a residential building are presented.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL SOLUTIONS FOR RADIATORS IN BUILDINGS","authors":"Leszek BARGŁOWSKI, Mariusz ADAMSKI, Maksym REBMAN","doi":"10.59440/ceer-2023-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59440/ceer-2023-0010","url":null,"abstract":"In the following article emphasizes the analysis of technical and economic criteria for radiators, that will help you make the right choice of radiator type. Different solutions for heating flats are presented, the focus is on water-fed radiator solutions. After detailed analysis, the evaluation criteria are selected: indicators of the unit heat output of a radiator related to the mass, volume and length of the radiator QM, QV, QL. Radiator types, nominal working parameters, evaluations criteria and techno-economic analysis of structural solutions for radiators on the example of a residential building are presented.","PeriodicalId":54121,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136363554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article reveals the potential of innovation management in regions on the example of the Lubusz Voivodeship. The aim of the article is to analyse the latest activities and initiatives supporting innovation in the Lubusz Voivodeship. To this end, it was important to identify the nature of the implementation process of innovative solutions, which may be recognised as political, i.e.: characterised by top-down initiatives and bottom-up implementation. The method of document analysis was used in the study, including primary and secondary sources. As a result, conclusions and recommendations for regional policy to support innovation were drawn. They indicate the need to use the scientific potential of the University of Zielona Góra and other scientific and research institutions. They also reveal the need to strengthen the cooperation of the local self - government with the University for the development of innovation and creation of partnership networks in the region.
{"title":"Innovation in the Lubusz region. Implementation of an innovation managment system.","authors":"Joanna Malon","doi":"10.59440/ceer/171326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59440/ceer/171326","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the potential of innovation management in regions on the example of the Lubusz Voivodeship. The aim of the article is to analyse the latest activities and initiatives supporting innovation in the Lubusz Voivodeship. To this end, it was important to identify the nature of the implementation process of innovative solutions, which may be recognised as political, i.e.: characterised by top-down initiatives and bottom-up implementation. The method of document analysis was used in the study, including primary and secondary sources. As a result, conclusions and recommendations for regional policy to support innovation were drawn. They indicate the need to use the scientific potential of the University of Zielona Góra and other scientific and research institutions. They also reveal the need to strengthen the cooperation of the local self - government with the University for the development of innovation and creation of partnership networks in the region.","PeriodicalId":54121,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45847706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The type of precipitation is one of the factors taken into consideration when deciding on the most optimal drainage system. Drainage systems are used to prevent the landslides caused by water erosion. Rainfall affect the rate of infiltration and the intensity of surface runoff and thus the occurrence, course and effectiveness of erosion processes [1, 2, 3]. Knowledge of local precipitation trends will help to apply precautions and thus minimise the risk of adverse events such as landslides. What is more it can help more effectively manage projects risks and costs. The aim of this study was to analyse more than 30 years of data from daily rainfall measurements from the Podkarpackie Voivodeship and to check whether the occurrence of precipitation is a random event or whether it indicates long-term trends that may affect changes in ground stability. The non-parametric Mann-Kendall test and correlation test were used for the analysis.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE LOCAL PRECIPITATION TRENDS IN THE PODKARPACKIE AND LUBUSKIE VOIVODESHIPS","authors":"Katarzyna KUBISZYN","doi":"10.59440/ceer-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59440/ceer-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"The type of precipitation is one of the factors taken into consideration when deciding on the most optimal drainage system. Drainage systems are used to prevent the landslides caused by water erosion. Rainfall affect the rate of infiltration and the intensity of surface runoff and thus the occurrence, course and effectiveness of erosion processes [1, 2, 3]. Knowledge of local precipitation trends will help to apply precautions and thus minimise the risk of adverse events such as landslides. What is more it can help more effectively manage projects risks and costs. The aim of this study was to analyse more than 30 years of data from daily rainfall measurements from the Podkarpackie Voivodeship and to check whether the occurrence of precipitation is a random event or whether it indicates long-term trends that may affect changes in ground stability. The non-parametric Mann-Kendall test and correlation test were used for the analysis.","PeriodicalId":54121,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135716925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The mechanism of coagulation with highly alkaline polyaluminum chlorides is well understood, but there is a lack of information on the effect of the presence of iron in these coagulants on the efficiency of purifying water with increased contents of natural organic matters among which humic substances are precursors of disinfection by-products. The dissolved forms of organic substances are the most problematic with regard to water treatment because major concern is the formation of disinfection by products resulting from reactions between dissolved organic matter fractions and disinfectants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of precursors of disinfection by-products removal using highly alkaline polyaluminium chlorides that had different alkalinity and iron content. In the water after the coagulation process a value of SUVA254 was calculated because this indicator correlates well with dissolved organic matter reactivity and disinfection by-products. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the effectiveness of dissolved organic matter removal was determined by the formation of colored iron-organic complexes.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF THE PRESENCE OF IRON IN HIGHLY ALKALINE POLYALUMINIUM CHLORIDES ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PRECURSORS OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS REMOVAL","authors":"Izabela KRUPIŃSKA","doi":"10.59440/ceer-2023-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59440/ceer-2023-0008","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanism of coagulation with highly alkaline polyaluminum chlorides is well understood, but there is a lack of information on the effect of the presence of iron in these coagulants on the efficiency of purifying water with increased contents of natural organic matters among which humic substances are precursors of disinfection by-products. The dissolved forms of organic substances are the most problematic with regard to water treatment because major concern is the formation of disinfection by products resulting from reactions between dissolved organic matter fractions and disinfectants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of precursors of disinfection by-products removal using highly alkaline polyaluminium chlorides that had different alkalinity and iron content. In the water after the coagulation process a value of SUVA254 was calculated because this indicator correlates well with dissolved organic matter reactivity and disinfection by-products. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the effectiveness of dissolved organic matter removal was determined by the formation of colored iron-organic complexes.","PeriodicalId":54121,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135064800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pollution of the night sky by artificial light has now become an important element of the modern city landscape. The decline in the quality of the sky observed at night in urban areas has already been noticed even by residents unaware of its origin. A starry sky is nowadays not easy to observe even in places far from large conurbations or smaller cities. More and more places are losing access to the previously natural privilege of observing the dark sky, and their inhabitants are thus systematically exposed to all the direct and indirect negative effects of this phenomenon. Monitoring the brightness of the night sky is gaining interest from a growing number of interdisciplinary research groups being established around the world, including Poland. In Toruń, the first measurements of the magnitude of this phenomenon, together with the determination of its spatial scale, were started using handheld devices in 2017. In the following years, efforts were made to improve the data acquisition process by creating a prototype – a technology demonstrator and, consequently, a commercial version of an automatic device measuring the surface brightness of the night sky. This paper presents the stages of the project aimed at developing a light pollution monitoring system, which has been consistently implemented in Toruń. The most important component of this system is a measuring device of our own design and construction. The monitoring system designed and operating in Toruń, starting in 2019, is being further developed with new components and monitoring (measurement) sites being systematically added, making the city’s observation network increasingly dense. The devices built using the LoRa standard for wireless data exchange implement the concept of the Internet of Things, fitting in with the objectives of a smart city.
{"title":"MEASURING LIGHT POLLUTION IN THE NIGHT SKY – FROM TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATOR TO MONITORING SYSTEM","authors":"Dominika Karpińska, Mieczysław Kunz","doi":"10.59440/ceer-2023-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59440/ceer-2023-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Pollution of the night sky by artificial light has now become an important element of the modern city landscape. The decline in the quality of the sky observed at night in urban areas has already been noticed even by residents unaware of its origin. A starry sky is nowadays not easy to observe even in places far from large conurbations or smaller cities. More and more places are losing access to the previously natural privilege of observing the dark sky, and their inhabitants are thus systematically exposed to all the direct and indirect negative effects of this phenomenon. Monitoring the brightness of the night sky is gaining interest from a growing number of interdisciplinary research groups being established around the world, including Poland. In Toruń, the first measurements of the magnitude of this phenomenon, together with the determination of its spatial scale, were started using handheld devices in 2017. In the following years, efforts were made to improve the data acquisition process by creating a prototype – a technology demonstrator and, consequently, a commercial version of an automatic device measuring the surface brightness of the night sky. This paper presents the stages of the project aimed at developing a light pollution monitoring system, which has been consistently implemented in Toruń. The most important component of this system is a measuring device of our own design and construction. The monitoring system designed and operating in Toruń, starting in 2019, is being further developed with new components and monitoring (measurement) sites being systematically added, making the city’s observation network increasingly dense. The devices built using the LoRa standard for wireless data exchange implement the concept of the Internet of Things, fitting in with the objectives of a smart city.","PeriodicalId":54121,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71322569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DivyarajSinh M. Solanki, Hrushikesh Laddha, M. Z. Kangda, E. Noroozinejad Farsangi
The present study precisely conveys the methodology of developing a three-dimensional (3D) architectural model of a villa with its walk-through and displaying the model in virtual reality, which as a result, be used by the clients to spectate, customize and buy the real estate property. Additionally, the case study highlights the advancement in architecture, as certain specifications of each element of a 3D model can be viewed in a virtual environment. Virtual reality is a transpiring platform, and in addition to that, the real-estate sector shows its incorporation in designing, marketing, and selling projects. The teaching and learning process can be eased out by intervening it with technology that generates an enhanced visualization environment. These technologies, when used constructively, save time and energy and also hoard economic standards ensuing lucrative benefits.
{"title":"AUGMENTED AND VIRTUAL REALITIES: THE FUTURE OF BUILDING DESIGN AND VISUALIZATION","authors":"DivyarajSinh M. Solanki, Hrushikesh Laddha, M. Z. Kangda, E. Noroozinejad Farsangi","doi":"10.59440/ceer-2023-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59440/ceer-2023-0002","url":null,"abstract":"The present study precisely conveys the methodology of developing a three-dimensional (3D) architectural model \u0000of a villa with its walk-through and displaying the model in virtual reality, which as a result, be used by the clients \u0000to spectate, customize and buy the real estate property. Additionally, the case study highlights the advancement in\u0000architecture, as certain specifications of each element of a 3D model can be viewed in a virtual environment.\u0000Virtual reality is a transpiring platform, and in addition to that, the real-estate sector shows its incorporation in \u0000designing, marketing, and selling projects. The teaching and learning process can be eased out by intervening it \u0000with technology that generates an enhanced visualization environment. These technologies, when used \u0000constructively, save time and energy and also hoard economic standards ensuing lucrative benefits.","PeriodicalId":54121,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41982059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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