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The Influence of Various Types of Bracing on Force Distribution in Braced Barrel Vaults 不同支撑形式对支撑筒形拱顶受力分布的影响
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/ceer-2022-0027
Jędrzej Chrust, M. Chybiński, Piotr Garasz, Zdzisław Kurzawa, Wojciech Piórecki, Ł. Polus, Weronika Stajkowska
Abstract In this paper the authors analysed four single-layered braced barrel vaults with different types of bracing. Each braced barrel vault covered the area of 20 m × 28 m and was made from steel hollow sections. The static-strength analyses of the structures were conducted using the Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis program, taking into account self-weight, glass cover, snow load and wind load. In the case of wind load, wind pressure perpendicular to the longitudinal wall was determined in accordance with the EN 1991-1- 4 standard. However, the standard does not specify how to calculate wind pressure perpendicular to a gable wall for braced barrel vaults. For this reason, two variants suggested by the authors of this article were analysed for this direction of the wind. The influence of the type of bracing on force distribution in a braced barrel vault and on material consumption was analysed. The impact of the gable wall boundary conditions on force distribution in the braced barrel vault was also evaluated. Both the bracing type and the boundary conditions had an impact on the force distribution in the analysed braced barrel vault.
摘要本文分析了四种不同支撑形式的单层支撑筒形拱顶。每个支撑筒形拱顶的面积为20 m×28 m,由空心钢制成。结构的静强度分析是使用Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis程序进行的,考虑了自重、玻璃罩、雪荷载和风荷载。在风荷载的情况下,垂直于纵向墙的风压是根据EN 1991-1-4标准确定的。但是,该标准没有规定如何计算支撑筒形拱顶垂直于山墙的风压。因此,本文作者针对这一风向分析了两种变体。分析了支撑形式对筒形拱顶受力分布和材料消耗的影响。还评估了山墙边界条件对支撑筒形拱顶受力分布的影响。支撑类型和边界条件都对所分析的支撑筒形拱顶的受力分布产生影响。
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引用次数: 0
Spatial Integration Level of Housing Complex with the City Structure. Case of Rzeszów 住宅综合体与城市结构的空间整合水平Rzeszów的案例
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/ceer-2022-0028
A. Martyka
Abstract In many Polish cities, the aspect of integration of urban structures is underestimated and new investments are not properly connected with the city. This article presents the results of a study with the main objective of assessing the level of spatial integration of residential areas. The study was carried out in several stages; it was based on classical and qualitative methods used in urban planning. The first stages of the research procedure focused on literature studies, a review of the area, and a diagnosis of the current state of three different housing complexes in Rzeszów. In subsequent stages, a set of criteria was created to determine the spatial integration level (SIL) of the residential developments under analysis. Research and application objectives were achieved by creating a clear and easily reproducible method to evaluate the level of spatial integration of residential areas. The research demonstrates the validity of a holistic approach to determining the scope of planning activities while based on a set of specific criteria that address integration issues.
摘要在许多波兰城市,城市结构一体化方面被低估,新投资与城市没有适当联系。本文介绍了一项研究的结果,主要目的是评估住宅区的空间整合水平。这项研究分几个阶段进行;它基于城市规划中使用的经典和定性方法。研究程序的第一阶段侧重于文献研究、该地区的综述以及对Rzeszów三个不同住宅综合体现状的诊断。在随后的阶段,制定了一套标准来确定所分析住宅开发的空间整合水平。通过创建一种清晰且易于重复的方法来评估居住区的空间整合水平,实现了研究和应用目标。这项研究表明,在确定规划活动范围的同时,基于一套解决一体化问题的具体标准,采用整体方法是有效的。
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引用次数: 0
Indoor air Quality in Offices and Classrooms in Public Utility Building - A Case Study 公用事业大楼办公室及教室室内空气质素个案研究
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/ceer-2022-0037
Katarzyna Łuszczyńska
Abstract A microbiological analysis of indoor air quality in offices, lecture rooms, and hallways in a public utility building has been carried out in the Lubuskie Voivodship (Poland). In one of the storage rooms, the presence of fungi on the building partition was found in the place of water infiltration as a result of a technological failure in the building. A total of 17 non-residential interiors were examined. The total number of psychrophilic and mesophilic bacteria and the total number of fungi were sampled by the collision method with the air sampler. A qualitative analysis has been performed of fungi present in the indoor air and from building partition of the studied interiors. A total of 11 species of fungi have been specified. Relative humidity and air temperature were measured with a hygrometer. The studies showed that the number of psychrophilic bacteria in indoor air was in the range 0–730 CFU/m3, while the number of mesophilic bacteria was slightly higher (0 - 896 CFU/m3). A high level of contamination and a large number of fungi (734 CFU/m3) were found in the indoor air of storage room, where the problem of biodeterioration of building partitions occurred. In the remaining rooms, the level of microorganisms was low or moderate. Microbiological tests of the outdoor air (background) did not reveal an excessive number of microorganisms in the air.
摘要:对波兰卢布斯基省一座公用事业大楼的办公室、演讲室和走廊的室内空气质量进行了微生物学分析。在其中一个储藏室,由于建筑的技术故障,在渗水的地方发现了建筑隔断上的真菌。共检查了17个非住宅内部。采用空气采样器碰撞法对嗜冷、中温细菌总数和真菌总数进行采样。对室内空气中存在的真菌以及所研究室内的建筑分区进行了定性分析。共确定了11种真菌。用湿度计测量相对湿度和空气温度。研究表明,室内空气中嗜冷菌的数量在0–730 CFU/m3之间,而中温菌的数量略高(0–896 CFU/m3)。储藏室的室内空气中发现了高水平的污染和大量的真菌(734 CFU/m3),出现了建筑隔断的生物降解问题。在剩下的房间里,微生物的水平很低或中等。室外空气(背景)的微生物测试没有发现空气中有过多的微生物。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy of Prefabrications on Constructions' Waste Cost and its Eco-Efficiency 预制件对建筑废弃物成本的影响及其生态效益
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/ceer-2022-0036
Mirjalili Alireza
Abstract Prefabrication in construction industry can probably reduce the cost of waste. In this research, the advantages and disadvantages of prefabrication and its eco-efficiency were identified; then the development strategies of this industry were reviewed. For this purpose, the questionnaires were used to select the proper sub-systems for prefabrication. The Delphi Snowball method was applied according to experts 'opinion, and these questionnaires were identified and adopted. Then the effect of prefabrication on nonstructural components was examined on the extent of waste reduction. Consequently, the results revealed that prefabrication may reduce the cost of waste by 97.54% and the total cost of the project by 5.06%, and environmental efficiency was estimated as 99.2%.
摘要在建筑行业中,预制件有可能降低浪费成本。本文分析了预制材料的优缺点及其生态效率;然后对该行业的发展策略进行了回顾。为此,通过问卷调查选择合适的预制子系统。根据专家意见,采用德尔菲雪球法,对这些问卷进行识别和采用。然后考察了预制对非结构构件的减废程度的影响。结果表明,采用预制工艺可使废弃物成本降低97.54%,工程总成本降低5.06%,环境效率达到99.2%。
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引用次数: 0
Reliability-Based Assessment of Galloping Instability of Thin-Walled Steel Beams 薄壁钢梁倾覆失稳的可靠性评估
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ceer-2022-0017
H. Nguyen
Abstract Galloping instability relating to cross-wind vibrations can be found in flexible and lightly damped structures. In the present paper, the reliability of a thin-walled steel beam in maintaining its galloping stability was examined using a probabilistic approach. The analysis considered random variation in the cross-sectional geometrical properties of the beam, the material elastic modulus, the structural damping and the wind speed. A large number of Monte Carlo simulations were performed with normal and Gumbel distributions applied to the random variables to determine the probability distribution function of the safety margin. The limit state is considered violated when the wind speed exceeds the onset wind velocity of galloping, resulting in the aerodynamic damping being greater than the structural damping. It was shown by a conventional codified safety factor method that the beam was robust enough for galloping stability. By contrast, the probability-based assessment revealed that the beam failed to achieve the target reliability index in case the coefficient of variation of wind speed was greater than 5%. The analysis results suggested that the code-satisfied slenderness of the beam should be reduced by a factor of 1.5-1.7 under the action of wind speed with a coefficient of variation in the range 30-40%.
摘要在柔性和轻阻尼结构中可以发现与横风振动有关的加洛平不稳定性。本文采用概率方法对薄壁钢梁保持驰振稳定性的可靠性进行了检验。分析考虑了梁的截面几何特性、材料弹性模量、结构阻尼和风速的随机变化。对随机变量应用正态分布和Gumbel分布进行了大量蒙特卡罗模拟,以确定安全裕度的概率分布函数。当风速超过驰振的起始风速,导致空气动力学阻尼大于结构阻尼时,则认为违反了极限状态。通过传统的编码安全系数方法表明,梁具有足够的鲁棒性以实现驰振稳定性。相比之下,基于概率的评估表明,在风速变化系数大于5%的情况下,梁未能达到目标可靠性指标。分析结果表明,在风速作用下,梁的长细比应降低1.5-1.7倍,变异系数在30-40%之间。
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引用次数: 0
Social Awareness of the Circular Economy as an Integral Part of Sustainable Development. Observations from Poland 循环经济是可持续发展的重要组成部分。来自波兰的观察
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ceer-2022-0023
A. Lewandowska, Krzysztof Rogatka, Ewelina Lopata
Abstract Sustained growth in the number of urban dwellers means that matters concerning the development of modern cities are not only a challenge for current residents, but a global test for the entire population. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and assess social awareness regarding sustainable development, with particular emphasis on matters concerning the circular economy. The study was conducted by means of the CAWI (Computer Assisted (Aided) Web Interviews) method on a sample of 389 respondents from Warsaw, the capital city of Poland. The results imply that although the society has a correct understanding of sustainable development and the circular economy, there is still a continuing need to support further education due to the necessity for wider and more intensive implementation of sustainable development in practice.
摘要城市居民数量的持续增长意味着,涉及现代城市发展的问题不仅是对当前居民的挑战,也是对全体人口的全球性考验。本文的目的是分析和评估社会对可持续发展的认识,特别是关于循环经济的问题。这项研究是通过CAWI(计算机辅助(辅助)网络访谈)方法对来自波兰首都华沙的389名受访者进行的。研究结果表明,尽管社会对可持续发展和循环经济有着正确的理解,但由于有必要在实践中更广泛、更深入地实施可持续发展,仍有必要支持继续教育。
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引用次数: 2
Influence of Biomass Ash on the Performance and Durability of Mortar 生物质灰对砂浆性能和耐久性的影响
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ceer-2022-0019
Rihab Ramdane, Leila Kherraf, Assia Abdelouahed, M. Belachia
Abstract This work revolves around the study of the partial substitution of cement by biomass ash (residue generated during incineration of wood waste) in mortar. The introduction of wood ash in the cement formulation allows solving some problems related to the lack of construction materials and protecting the environment. To carry out this work we have introduced wood ash as an addition which partially substitutes cement at three different replacement percentages (5%, 10% and 15%). We carried out tests on mortar in the fresh state (consistency, density and occluded air); evaluated its performance in the hardened state (compressive and flexural tensile strength), dimensional stability and its durability (water absorption by immersion and by capillarity as well as resistance to chlorides and acidic environments followed by XRD). Results obtained will be compared with the results of control samples with 0% substitution rate. The results of this valorisation show that the incorporation of 5% of ash fillers in the cement improves mechanical resistance as well as certain durability parameters.
摘要:本研究围绕着生物质灰(木材废弃物焚烧过程中产生的残留物)在砂浆中部分替代水泥的研究。在水泥配方中引入木灰可以解决一些与建筑材料缺乏和保护环境有关的问题。为了进行这项工作,我们引入了木灰作为添加剂,以三种不同的替代百分比(5%,10%和15%)部分替代水泥。我们对新鲜状态下的砂浆进行了测试(稠度、密度和闭塞空气);对其硬化状态下的性能(抗压和弯曲拉伸强度)、尺寸稳定性和耐久性(浸没吸水率和毛细吸水率以及对氯化物和酸性环境的耐受性)进行了评价。所得结果将与替代率为0%的对照样品的结果进行比较。数值计算结果表明,掺加5%灰分填料可以提高水泥的力学性能和某些耐久性参数。
{"title":"Influence of Biomass Ash on the Performance and Durability of Mortar","authors":"Rihab Ramdane, Leila Kherraf, Assia Abdelouahed, M. Belachia","doi":"10.2478/ceer-2022-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2022-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This work revolves around the study of the partial substitution of cement by biomass ash (residue generated during incineration of wood waste) in mortar. The introduction of wood ash in the cement formulation allows solving some problems related to the lack of construction materials and protecting the environment. To carry out this work we have introduced wood ash as an addition which partially substitutes cement at three different replacement percentages (5%, 10% and 15%). We carried out tests on mortar in the fresh state (consistency, density and occluded air); evaluated its performance in the hardened state (compressive and flexural tensile strength), dimensional stability and its durability (water absorption by immersion and by capillarity as well as resistance to chlorides and acidic environments followed by XRD). Results obtained will be compared with the results of control samples with 0% substitution rate. The results of this valorisation show that the incorporation of 5% of ash fillers in the cement improves mechanical resistance as well as certain durability parameters.","PeriodicalId":54121,"journal":{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports","volume":"32 1","pages":"53 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45531641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Performance of Solid Waste Landfills Under Earthquake-Induced Vibrations 固体垃圾填埋场在地震作用下的性能研究
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ceer-2022-0016
Behnaz Seyedi Marghaki, Fazlollah Soltani, E. N. Farsangi, A. Sivandi‐Pour
Abstract The stability inside the waste, internal stability, and co-stability between the elements of the insulation system and the landfill bed should be considered in the landfill design. The stresses and the resulting deformations in both mineral and geosynthetic materials of the insulation system must be controlled in the design, so that an unpredictable flow path is not created. Besides, long-term durability in the insulation system should be considered. An evaluation of the durability of the system requires knowledge of the interaction between the components and the waste as a settling object. The numerical modeling methods can be used to evaluate the local instability. In this study, a landfill constructed in the UK has been modeled in ABAQUS finite element platform and was verified with the results of obtained data from precision instruments at the landfill site. Then, by applying the earthquake excitations, the seismic behavior of the solid waste landfill under Far-Field and Near-Field earthquakes and their effect on the durability of the landfill wall system were investigated. The outputs include maximum displacement, maximum stress, the most critical state, and investigation of yield stress and rupture of the geomembrane layer. The results indicated that in the landfill wall, the maximum displacement occurs in the waste section. It occurs especially between the boundary of natural soil and waste. It was also observed that the geomembrane layer under the earthquake loadings had experienced some ruptures.
摘要垃圾填埋场设计应考虑垃圾内部稳定性、内部稳定性以及保温系统与填埋场床层元件之间的共稳定性。保温系统的矿物和土工合成材料的应力和由此产生的变形必须在设计中加以控制,这样就不会产生不可预测的流动路径。此外,保温系统的长期耐久性也应加以考虑。对系统耐久性的评估需要了解组件和作为沉降对象的废物之间的相互作用。数值模拟方法可用于评估局部失稳。在本研究中,在ABAQUS有限元平台上对英国建造的一个垃圾填埋场进行了建模,并用填埋场精密仪器获得的数据结果进行了验证。然后,应用地震激励,研究了垃圾填埋场在远场和近场地震作用下的抗震性能及其对垃圾填埋场墙体耐久性的影响。输出包括最大位移、最大应力、最临界状态以及土工膜层屈服应力和破裂的研究。结果表明:在垃圾填埋管壁中,垃圾段的位移最大;尤其发生在天然土壤与废弃物的边界之间。在地震荷载作用下,土工膜层发生了一定程度的破裂。
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引用次数: 0
The Use of GFRP Tubes as Load-Bearing Jackets in Concrete-Composite Columns GFRP管在混凝土组合柱中的应用
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ceer-2022-0021
M. Abramski, B. Chmielnicki
Abstract The paper presents the fields of applications of polymer composites in building structures. The use of composite glass fibre tubes is discussed in more detail. The laboratory methods used to test the mechanical properties of these pipes are presented. An original research program is presented, including six concrete-filled glass fibre tubes. The cylinders and columns made in this way were tested for their axial load capacity. Conclusions were formulated regarding the relationship between the load-bearing capacity of the test elements and their length, as well as the angle of glass fibres arrangement in the tube composite.
摘要介绍了高分子复合材料在建筑结构中的应用领域。详细讨论了复合玻璃纤维管的应用。介绍了用于测试这些管道力学性能的实验室方法。提出了一种新颖的研究方案,包括六个玻璃纤维混凝土填充管。用这种方法制成的圆柱体和柱体进行了轴向载荷能力测试。得出了试验单元的承载能力与其长度以及玻璃纤维在管状复合材料中的排列角度之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Riverside Areas in the Context of the Attractiveness for Residents 在吸引居民的背景下滨江地区的发展
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ceer-2022-0025
Mateusz Klimek, Wiktor Bosowski
Abstract The aim of this article is to analyze the tourism potential in the riverside areas of selected cities in LubuskieVoivodeship located in the Oder River valleys. The research issue of the article was defined as a way to measure tourist potential in the development of riverside areas. In the research phase, based on the comparative multi-criteria method, special attention was paid to the accessibility of the river for the inhabitants, their usefulness for the recreation, as well as the location of the recreational infrastructures in the river valleys. The presence of infrastructure using the river’s potential is marginal in the shoreline zone of the cities under analysis. Despite the rapid growth of tourist activities its river potential is still being marginalised. The research problem was to determine the tourist potential of selected cities and to identify the cities with the greatest potential, in which the advisability of investment seems to be the most relevant and necessary. The result of considerations carried out using the multi-criteria analysis method is the selection of the city with the greatest tourism potential. Among the surveyed cities, Nowa Sól has the greatest tourist potential.
摘要本文的目的是分析位于奥德河谷的鲁布斯基省选定城市的河边地区的旅游潜力。本文的研究问题被定义为衡量河边地区开发中旅游潜力的一种方法。在研究阶段,基于比较多标准方法,特别关注居民对河流的可及性、他们对娱乐的有用性,以及河谷中娱乐基础设施的位置。在所分析的城市的海岸线区域,利用河流潜力的基础设施的存在是微不足道的。尽管旅游活动迅速增长,但其河流潜力仍被边缘化。研究问题是确定选定城市的旅游潜力,并确定最具潜力的城市,其中投资的合理性似乎是最相关和最必要的。使用多标准分析方法进行考虑的结果是选择具有最大旅游潜力的城市。在接受调查的城市中,诺瓦索尔的旅游潜力最大。
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引用次数: 0
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