Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.272220220027
J. Sousa, Luzia Suerlange Araújo dos Santos Mendes, Mickaelon Belchior Vasconcelos, A. Salgueiro, I. N. Cavalcante
ABSTRACT Aracati, a municipality in the State of Ceará, is experiencing water shortages. The unpredictability of rainfall and a lack of management of these resources worsen water scarcity. The work diagnosed water availability in the municipality to aid municipal water planning. The secondary data was precipitation, drilling wells, and water bodies mapped in Google Earth Pro®. The municipality presents a severe drought and has a poor water-to-land ratio. The 19 operating wells intended for human use have a daily output estimate sufficient to supply water to 65% of the local population. A further 23 wells are inactive, contributing another 20% to the groundwater supply deficit. Concerning water quality, there is fresh water in 23% of the wells, saline water in 25%, and brackish water in 52% of the wells. Therefore, it is critical to focus on managing and supporting projects for the sustainable use of water resources.
{"title":"Scenario and water supply diagnosis for human consumption in the municipality of Aracati, Ceará","authors":"J. Sousa, Luzia Suerlange Araújo dos Santos Mendes, Mickaelon Belchior Vasconcelos, A. Salgueiro, I. N. Cavalcante","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.272220220027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.272220220027","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Aracati, a municipality in the State of Ceará, is experiencing water shortages. The unpredictability of rainfall and a lack of management of these resources worsen water scarcity. The work diagnosed water availability in the municipality to aid municipal water planning. The secondary data was precipitation, drilling wells, and water bodies mapped in Google Earth Pro®. The municipality presents a severe drought and has a poor water-to-land ratio. The 19 operating wells intended for human use have a daily output estimate sufficient to supply water to 65% of the local population. A further 23 wells are inactive, contributing another 20% to the groundwater supply deficit. Concerning water quality, there is fresh water in 23% of the wells, saline water in 25%, and brackish water in 52% of the wells. Therefore, it is critical to focus on managing and supporting projects for the sustainable use of water resources.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78836848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.272220220077
Rafael Barbedo, A. Fleischmann, V. Siqueira, J. P. Brêda, Gabriel Matte, L. Laipelt, A. Amorim, Alexandre Abdalla Araújo, M. Fuckner, A. Meller, F. Fan, W. Collischonn, A. Ruhoff, R. Paiva
ABSTRACT Brazil hosts a large amount of freshwater. Knowing how this stored water is partitioned in space and time between surface and subsurface components is a crucial step towards a more correct depiction of the country’s water cycle, which has major implications for decision making related to water resources management. Here, we extracted monthly water storage (WS) variability, from 2003 to 2020, based on multiple state-of-the-art datasets representing different WS components – groundwater (GW), soil moisture (SM), surface waters (SW), and artificial reservoirs (RS) – in all Brazilian Hydrographic Regions (BHRs), and computed each component’s contribution to the total variability. Most of the variability can be attributed to SM (40-68%), followed by GW (18-40%). SW has great influence in the north-western BHRs (humid monsoon influenced) with 18-40% and the southern BHRs (subtropical system influenced) with 5-10%. RS has important contributions in the Paraná with 12.1%, São Francisco with 3.5%, and Tocantins-Araguaia with 2.1%. In terms of long-term variability, water storages have been generally decreasing in the eastern and increasing in north-western and southern BHRs, with GW and RS being the most affected, although it can also be observed in SW peaks. Comparisons made with previous studies show that the approach and datasets used can have a considerable impact in the results. Such analysis can have broad implications in identifying the nature of amplitude and phase variability across regions in order to better characterize them and to obtain better evaluations of hydrological trends under a changing environment.
{"title":"Water storage variability across Brazil","authors":"Rafael Barbedo, A. Fleischmann, V. Siqueira, J. P. Brêda, Gabriel Matte, L. Laipelt, A. Amorim, Alexandre Abdalla Araújo, M. Fuckner, A. Meller, F. Fan, W. Collischonn, A. Ruhoff, R. Paiva","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.272220220077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.272220220077","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Brazil hosts a large amount of freshwater. Knowing how this stored water is partitioned in space and time between surface and subsurface components is a crucial step towards a more correct depiction of the country’s water cycle, which has major implications for decision making related to water resources management. Here, we extracted monthly water storage (WS) variability, from 2003 to 2020, based on multiple state-of-the-art datasets representing different WS components – groundwater (GW), soil moisture (SM), surface waters (SW), and artificial reservoirs (RS) – in all Brazilian Hydrographic Regions (BHRs), and computed each component’s contribution to the total variability. Most of the variability can be attributed to SM (40-68%), followed by GW (18-40%). SW has great influence in the north-western BHRs (humid monsoon influenced) with 18-40% and the southern BHRs (subtropical system influenced) with 5-10%. RS has important contributions in the Paraná with 12.1%, São Francisco with 3.5%, and Tocantins-Araguaia with 2.1%. In terms of long-term variability, water storages have been generally decreasing in the eastern and increasing in north-western and southern BHRs, with GW and RS being the most affected, although it can also be observed in SW peaks. Comparisons made with previous studies show that the approach and datasets used can have a considerable impact in the results. Such analysis can have broad implications in identifying the nature of amplitude and phase variability across regions in order to better characterize them and to obtain better evaluations of hydrological trends under a changing environment.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83258954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.272220210132
Steffany Katherine Baudisch, Franciane de Almeida Brehm Goulart, J. Antonelli, J. Azevedo, K. Brauko
ABSTRACT To determine the presence of emergent contaminants in aquatic environments and to evaluate responses of the dominant taxa of benthic macrofauna, seven stations were sampled along three rivers that serve as public water suppliers in three sampling campaigns, in the Upper Iguassu Basin, Brazil. Concentrations of ethinylestradiol, fenofibrate, ibuprofen and triclosan were detected in the water and sediment. To correlate patterns of distribution and abundance benthic fauna with the various contaminants found a redundancy analysis (RDA) was applied and showed positive relationships between faunal groups, that indicate stress (such as Tubificinae), and emerging pollutants (such as ibuprofen and ethinylestradiol). The analysis also showed that the most influential variables in the distribution of the fauna were exclusively anthropogenic, which shows that these compounds can be harmful and that the rivers destined for the supply are receiving pollutant loads.
{"title":"Emergent contaminants in spring rivers and their relation to the benthic macroinvertebrates","authors":"Steffany Katherine Baudisch, Franciane de Almeida Brehm Goulart, J. Antonelli, J. Azevedo, K. Brauko","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.272220210132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.272220210132","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To determine the presence of emergent contaminants in aquatic environments and to evaluate responses of the dominant taxa of benthic macrofauna, seven stations were sampled along three rivers that serve as public water suppliers in three sampling campaigns, in the Upper Iguassu Basin, Brazil. Concentrations of ethinylestradiol, fenofibrate, ibuprofen and triclosan were detected in the water and sediment. To correlate patterns of distribution and abundance benthic fauna with the various contaminants found a redundancy analysis (RDA) was applied and showed positive relationships between faunal groups, that indicate stress (such as Tubificinae), and emerging pollutants (such as ibuprofen and ethinylestradiol). The analysis also showed that the most influential variables in the distribution of the fauna were exclusively anthropogenic, which shows that these compounds can be harmful and that the rivers destined for the supply are receiving pollutant loads.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87677357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.272220220033
Francisco Jácome Sarmento
ABSTRACT This paper presents an algorithm capable of calculating the optimal route for pipelines that traverse terrain with or without additional displacement constraints to the difference in ground elevations and head losses to be overcome by pumping. The criterion used to determine the pipeline diameter and calculate feasible routes was minimizing the annual cost, which results from the sum of (i) annualized costs related to the acquisition of the pipeline and (ii) costs of payment for electric power to operate the system throughout its useful life. The geometry of the shortest routes in the multidimensional search space is calculated by the proposed algorithm, called BAGDA (Busca pelo Ajuste Geométrico da Despesa Anual, in Portuguese, or Search for the Annual Cost of Geometric Tuning, in English), thus obtaining the optimal combination of length and manometric head of the pipeline. The performed applications show the efficiency of the algorithm in providing subjectivity-free routes sensitive to the most important variables considered in the design of piping systems.
本文提出了一种算法，能够计算管道的最佳路线，穿越地形有或没有额外的位移约束，以克服地面高程和水头损失的差异，通过泵送。用于确定管道直径和计算可行路线的标准是使年成本最小化，其结果是(i)与获取管道有关的年化成本和(ii)在整个使用寿命期间运行系统的电力支付成本的总和。利用所提出的BAGDA(葡萄牙语:Busca pelo Ajuste geomtrico da Despesa Annual，或英文:search for The Annual Cost of Geometric Tuning)算法计算多维搜索空间中最短路径的几何形状，从而获得管道长度和压力头的最佳组合。实际应用表明，该算法在提供对管道系统设计中考虑的最重要变量敏感的无主观性路线方面是有效的。
{"title":"Automatic routing of water supply pipelines","authors":"Francisco Jácome Sarmento","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.272220220033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.272220220033","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents an algorithm capable of calculating the optimal route for pipelines that traverse terrain with or without additional displacement constraints to the difference in ground elevations and head losses to be overcome by pumping. The criterion used to determine the pipeline diameter and calculate feasible routes was minimizing the annual cost, which results from the sum of (i) annualized costs related to the acquisition of the pipeline and (ii) costs of payment for electric power to operate the system throughout its useful life. The geometry of the shortest routes in the multidimensional search space is calculated by the proposed algorithm, called BAGDA (Busca pelo Ajuste Geométrico da Despesa Anual, in Portuguese, or Search for the Annual Cost of Geometric Tuning, in English), thus obtaining the optimal combination of length and manometric head of the pipeline. The performed applications show the efficiency of the algorithm in providing subjectivity-free routes sensitive to the most important variables considered in the design of piping systems.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86730750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.272220220021
Arthur Costa Cerqueira, Rafael Manica
ABSTRACT This research aims to evaluate the effects of the presence of obstacles on turbidity currents hydrodynamics. Nine physical simulations of a poorly sorted mixture of water and coal (Cvol = 5%; D50 = 47 μm) were run in a laboratory test channel with three flow discharges (5, 10 and 15 L.min-1) in three different topographic configurations: runs without obstacles; runs with three 3 cm-high obstacles and runs with three 6 cm-high obstacles. The results showed that greater height of obstacles leads to greater blockage of the flow, causing changes on vertical profiles of velocity shape, flow regime (supercritical to subcritical), geometry and flow circulation in the zone between obstacles. Obstacle height reduction by 50% led to similar behavior of the turbidity current as the no-obstacles condition. After passing over the sequence of the obstacle, the turbidity current tended to regenerate a hydrodynamic structure comparable to the no-obstacles conditions.
{"title":"Effects caused by obstacles in the hydrodynamics of turbidity currents: an experimental approach","authors":"Arthur Costa Cerqueira, Rafael Manica","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.272220220021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.272220220021","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This research aims to evaluate the effects of the presence of obstacles on turbidity currents hydrodynamics. Nine physical simulations of a poorly sorted mixture of water and coal (Cvol = 5%; D50 = 47 μm) were run in a laboratory test channel with three flow discharges (5, 10 and 15 L.min-1) in three different topographic configurations: runs without obstacles; runs with three 3 cm-high obstacles and runs with three 6 cm-high obstacles. The results showed that greater height of obstacles leads to greater blockage of the flow, causing changes on vertical profiles of velocity shape, flow regime (supercritical to subcritical), geometry and flow circulation in the zone between obstacles. Obstacle height reduction by 50% led to similar behavior of the turbidity current as the no-obstacles condition. After passing over the sequence of the obstacle, the turbidity current tended to regenerate a hydrodynamic structure comparable to the no-obstacles conditions.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77304665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.272220220069
Franciélli de Paula Dela Costa, D. C. Buarque, J. P. Brêda, L. Föeger
ABSTRACT This study verified the impacts of climate change on river flow in the Doce River basin, using the MGB and RCM Eta projections. Despite the differences between the trends, the basin will certainly be affected by the reduction of precipitation and the increase in temperature between 2025 and 2099. Results show considerable reductions in the trends of the average flow of the basin. In 2025 - 2049, these reduction trends are greater than 64% in 50% of river reaches, according to Eta-HadGEM2-ES RCP 8.5. In 2050 - 2074, the flows simulated with Eta-CanESM2 and Eta-HadGEM2-ES RCP 8.5 achieve reductions greater than 84% and 77%, respectively, in 50% of the simulated reaches. In 2075 - 2099 the reduction trends of Eta-CanESM2 and Eta-HadGEM2-ES RCP 8.5 are greater than 91% and 79%, respectively, in 50% of the drainage reaches.
{"title":"Impact of climate change on the flow of the Doce River basin","authors":"Franciélli de Paula Dela Costa, D. C. Buarque, J. P. Brêda, L. Föeger","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.272220220069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.272220220069","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study verified the impacts of climate change on river flow in the Doce River basin, using the MGB and RCM Eta projections. Despite the differences between the trends, the basin will certainly be affected by the reduction of precipitation and the increase in temperature between 2025 and 2099. Results show considerable reductions in the trends of the average flow of the basin. In 2025 - 2049, these reduction trends are greater than 64% in 50% of river reaches, according to Eta-HadGEM2-ES RCP 8.5. In 2050 - 2074, the flows simulated with Eta-CanESM2 and Eta-HadGEM2-ES RCP 8.5 achieve reductions greater than 84% and 77%, respectively, in 50% of the simulated reaches. In 2075 - 2099 the reduction trends of Eta-CanESM2 and Eta-HadGEM2-ES RCP 8.5 are greater than 91% and 79%, respectively, in 50% of the drainage reaches.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76924726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.272220210107
G. O. Mattosinho, G. Maciel, Fabiana de Oliveira Ferreira, A. Vieira, Yuri Taglieri Sáo
ABSTRACT The SWAN (Simulating WAves Nearshore) numerical model has been used and validated in numerous studies of open coastal and estuarine regions. Its application on inland or restricted waters (dam reservoir) is not only innovative and challenging, but also an important scientific contribution, filling a gap in the literature. We analyze the performance of the SWAN in the characterization of the agitation caused by the action of wind waves in the reservoir of the Ilha Solteira dam, considering measured wind velocities and a complex bathymetry. The studied area is close to a segment of the Tietê-Paraná waterway, in Brazil. Wind conditions were obtained by a 2D sonic anemometer installed in the reservoir during one of the measurement campaigns, for a period of 3 months. The estimates of the amplitude of waves generated in the reservoir were compared with measurements of the free surface elevation obtained by a Druck pressure sensor installed in the reservoir of the dam, about 300 m from the margin (already in intermediate/deep waters), and 1.0 m deep. The results obtained (amplitudes and wave periods) were shown to be promising and, albeit with significative heights overestimated, could be used for engineering preliminary drafts.
{"title":"Meteorological-hydrodynamic model coupling for safe inland navigation of waterway stretches in dam reservoirs, using a scarce database","authors":"G. O. Mattosinho, G. Maciel, Fabiana de Oliveira Ferreira, A. Vieira, Yuri Taglieri Sáo","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.272220210107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.272220210107","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The SWAN (Simulating WAves Nearshore) numerical model has been used and validated in numerous studies of open coastal and estuarine regions. Its application on inland or restricted waters (dam reservoir) is not only innovative and challenging, but also an important scientific contribution, filling a gap in the literature. We analyze the performance of the SWAN in the characterization of the agitation caused by the action of wind waves in the reservoir of the Ilha Solteira dam, considering measured wind velocities and a complex bathymetry. The studied area is close to a segment of the Tietê-Paraná waterway, in Brazil. Wind conditions were obtained by a 2D sonic anemometer installed in the reservoir during one of the measurement campaigns, for a period of 3 months. The estimates of the amplitude of waves generated in the reservoir were compared with measurements of the free surface elevation obtained by a Druck pressure sensor installed in the reservoir of the dam, about 300 m from the margin (already in intermediate/deep waters), and 1.0 m deep. The results obtained (amplitudes and wave periods) were shown to be promising and, albeit with significative heights overestimated, could be used for engineering preliminary drafts.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81780891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.272220220009
Maria Eduarda Pereira Alves, F. Fan, R. Paiva, V. Siqueira, A. Fleischmann, J. P. Brêda, L. Laipelt, Alexandre Abdalla Araújo
ABSTRACT Mapping flood risk areas is important for disaster management at the local, regional, and national scales. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of large-scale models to obtain flood hazard maps. The models were compared to the estimates developed by the Brazilian Geological Survey (CPRM) for different return periods (RP). The floods were evaluated for the municipalities of Uruguaiana, Montenegro and São Sebastião do Caí in the Rio Grande do Sul state. It was shown that the flood mapping generated by MGB covers larger areas (greater than 1000 km2; Siqueira et al. 2018), with a lower cost of obtaining for large scales. The - Hit Rate of the regional and continental MGB model versions with the CPRM maps ranged from about 40% to 90% in different cities, and the Hit Rate between the regional model and the CPRM map increased with the increased return period floods. The continental model compatibility was similar for all analyzed RPs. Our results suggest the agreement in terms of Hit Rate of current large-scale hydrological-hydrodynamic models to assess flood hazard.
绘制洪水危险区地图对于地方、区域和国家尺度的灾害管理非常重要。本研究的目的是评估大尺度模型获得洪水灾害图的能力。这些模型与巴西地质调查局(CPRM)对不同回归期(RP)的估计进行了比较。对乌拉圭、黑山和南巴西大德州的塞巴斯蒂亚州Caí市的洪水进行了评估。结果表明，MGB生成的洪水图覆盖面积较大(大于1000 km2;Siqueira et al. 2018)，大规模获取成本较低。区域和大陆MGB模型版本与CPRM地图在不同城市的命中率在40% ~ 90%之间，区域模型与CPRM地图的命中率随着汛期洪水的增加而增加。大陆模型的兼容性对于所有分析的rp是相似的。我们的研究结果表明，目前用于评估洪水灾害的大型水文-水动力模型的命中率是一致的。
{"title":"Assessing the capacity of large-scale hydrologic-hydrodynamic models for mapping flood hazard in southern Brazil","authors":"Maria Eduarda Pereira Alves, F. Fan, R. Paiva, V. Siqueira, A. Fleischmann, J. P. Brêda, L. Laipelt, Alexandre Abdalla Araújo","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.272220220009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.272220220009","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mapping flood risk areas is important for disaster management at the local, regional, and national scales. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of large-scale models to obtain flood hazard maps. The models were compared to the estimates developed by the Brazilian Geological Survey (CPRM) for different return periods (RP). The floods were evaluated for the municipalities of Uruguaiana, Montenegro and São Sebastião do Caí in the Rio Grande do Sul state. It was shown that the flood mapping generated by MGB covers larger areas (greater than 1000 km2; Siqueira et al. 2018), with a lower cost of obtaining for large scales. The - Hit Rate of the regional and continental MGB model versions with the CPRM maps ranged from about 40% to 90% in different cities, and the Hit Rate between the regional model and the CPRM map increased with the increased return period floods. The continental model compatibility was similar for all analyzed RPs. Our results suggest the agreement in terms of Hit Rate of current large-scale hydrological-hydrodynamic models to assess flood hazard.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80543112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.272220210082
Carolina Ferreira de Souza, H. Knapik, J. C. D. Azevedo
Abstract Photodegradation is an important process for aquatic metabolism, related to the dissolved organic matter (DOM) transformation in water. For example, in a water supply reservoir, DOM is an important parameter since it can react and form disinfection by-products during water treatment. Thus, the understanding and determination of photodegradation rates are especially relevant for water resources management since they can influence DOM transformation in the water column. However, besides its relevance, few studies were conducted in the southern hemisphere for photodegradation rates determination. Therefore, we carried out field experiments to characterize and evaluate DOM photodegradation rate ‒ at different depths and in two solar irradiation periods ‒ through the application of absorption spectroscopy techniques in the UV-Vis region and fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEM) combined with the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measurement. Low concentrations of natural DOM and nutrients in the aquatic environment were measured during the field monitoring. Our results indicate that photodegradation rates for a temperate oceanic climate reservoir were proportional to the availability of solar radiation, being more representative considering the time scale.
{"title":"Dissolved organic matter photodegradation in a water supply reservoir on temperate oceanic climate (Cfb): a case study of Passaúna reservoir, Brazil","authors":"Carolina Ferreira de Souza, H. Knapik, J. C. D. Azevedo","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.272220210082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.272220210082","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Photodegradation is an important process for aquatic metabolism, related to the dissolved organic matter (DOM) transformation in water. For example, in a water supply reservoir, DOM is an important parameter since it can react and form disinfection by-products during water treatment. Thus, the understanding and determination of photodegradation rates are especially relevant for water resources management since they can influence DOM transformation in the water column. However, besides its relevance, few studies were conducted in the southern hemisphere for photodegradation rates determination. Therefore, we carried out field experiments to characterize and evaluate DOM photodegradation rate ‒ at different depths and in two solar irradiation periods ‒ through the application of absorption spectroscopy techniques in the UV-Vis region and fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEM) combined with the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measurement. Low concentrations of natural DOM and nutrients in the aquatic environment were measured during the field monitoring. Our results indicate that photodegradation rates for a temperate oceanic climate reservoir were proportional to the availability of solar radiation, being more representative considering the time scale.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85766234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.272220220035
M. Lucas, Gustavo Bonfim Jodas, L. E. Bertotto, P. T. S. Oliveira, Alessandro Bail
ABSTRACT Curve Number (CN) values estimating from rainfall-runoff data is an attractive topic in hydrology. However, CN values are lacking for Interlocking Concrete Pavement (ICP) material, mainly when seated over bare soil (not over a permeable pavement structure). Here, we compute CN values for the ICP seated over clayey soil using measured rainfall and infiltration capacity data. We estimated runoff ( Q) using 32 events of 24-hour rainfall depth ( P 24) and an infiltration model, assuming a hortonian runoff process. To estimate the CN for each P 24 event, we used the rainfall-runoff incremental approach. Overall, we obtained CN values ranging from 52 to 63. The best CN values to estimate Q were equal to 52.2 ( R M S E = 9.09 mm and R 2 = 0.03) and 60.1 ( R M S E = 1.45 mm and R 2 = 0.97), considering natural- and rank-ordered P 24- Q data, respectively. Our results indicate that it is more suitable to use the initial abstraction ratio ( λ) equal to 0.20 for the ICP material. The findings provide a better understanding of the rainfall-runoff process in ICP and help improve the design of stormwater drainage systems.
摘要利用降雨径流数据估算曲线数(CN)值是水文学研究中一个有吸引力的课题。然而，联锁混凝土路面(ICP)材料缺乏CN值，主要是在裸露的土壤上(而不是在透水的路面结构上)。在这里，我们使用测量的降雨量和入渗能力数据计算粘土土壤上ICP的CN值。我们使用32个24小时降雨深度事件(p24)和一个入渗模型来估计径流(Q)，假设径流过程是霍顿式的。为了估计每个p24事件的CN，我们使用了降雨-径流增量方法。总的来说，我们得到的CN值在52到63之间。考虑自然排序和排序排序的p24 - Q数据，估计Q的最佳CN值分别为52.2 (R M S E = 9.09 mm, r2 = 0.03)和60.1 (R M S E = 1.45 mm, r2 = 0.97)。我们的结果表明，对于ICP材料，使用初始抽象比(λ) = 0.20更为合适。这些发现有助于更好地理解ICP的降雨径流过程，并有助于改进雨水排水系统的设计。
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