Pub Date : 2023-04-14DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.282320220115
Ana Carolina Canossa Becker, J. M. Carvalho, Camila Bergmann Goulart, Arthur Humberto Rocha Ferreira, Bruna Arcie Polli, D. Ferreira, J. Bernardo, T. Bleninger, C. Fernandes
ABSTRACT Water quality models are often applied to support the definitions for water resources planning and management. This process requires appropriate data to calibrate and make the required verification process for validation analysis. However, in some case studies, there is not enough data to run a complex water quality model whatever is the water system, being river or reservoir. In the context of scarce data, the search for a simple water quality model is an alternative to comprehend the water quality behavior of the water system. In this research, an unsteady zero-dimensional (0D) water quality model was developed and applied using synthetic series of phosphorus concentrations for a Brazilian reservoir. The results of the zero-dimensional models developed in this research were compared to the results of a three-dimensional water quality model, in order to verify if this methodology can be a simpler alternative to a complex three-dimensional model. The compatible results of the zero-dimensional (0D) and three-dimensional (3D) models show the simplified numerical schemes are important potential tools to be considered for initial analysis of water quality dynamics in reservoirs and for management purposes.
{"title":"Zero-dimensional modelling as tool for reservoir water quality planning and management","authors":"Ana Carolina Canossa Becker, J. M. Carvalho, Camila Bergmann Goulart, Arthur Humberto Rocha Ferreira, Bruna Arcie Polli, D. Ferreira, J. Bernardo, T. Bleninger, C. Fernandes","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.282320220115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.282320220115","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Water quality models are often applied to support the definitions for water resources planning and management. This process requires appropriate data to calibrate and make the required verification process for validation analysis. However, in some case studies, there is not enough data to run a complex water quality model whatever is the water system, being river or reservoir. In the context of scarce data, the search for a simple water quality model is an alternative to comprehend the water quality behavior of the water system. In this research, an unsteady zero-dimensional (0D) water quality model was developed and applied using synthetic series of phosphorus concentrations for a Brazilian reservoir. The results of the zero-dimensional models developed in this research were compared to the results of a three-dimensional water quality model, in order to verify if this methodology can be a simpler alternative to a complex three-dimensional model. The compatible results of the zero-dimensional (0D) and three-dimensional (3D) models show the simplified numerical schemes are important potential tools to be considered for initial analysis of water quality dynamics in reservoirs and for management purposes.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80153721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.282320220078
N. Levino, M. E. Fontana, M. Monte, Walter Araújo de Lima Filho
ABSTRACT This aim of this article is to develop a conceptual group decision model capable of diagnosing existing barriers to achieving goals in results-based management in the Water Resource Management (WRM) system of the Brazilian state of Alagoas. The model was based on a Soft Operational Research method, incorporating systematic feedback on non-compliance targets and applied in the context of the transfer of funds from the federal government program to the WRM system in Brazilian states. This program involves the problem of multiple uses of water resources, and it is composed of variables in which actions are necessary to achieve the established goals. The model helped public water resource managers from Alagoas to understand problems related to non-compliance with the goals set by the program, directing management to the improvement of deficient processes. Consequently, we have better water management for its multiple uses, with society as the major beneficiary.
{"title":"A group decision model for diagnosing barriers to achieving goals in a Brazilian Water Resources Program: an analysis of the state of Alagoas","authors":"N. Levino, M. E. Fontana, M. Monte, Walter Araújo de Lima Filho","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.282320220078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.282320220078","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This aim of this article is to develop a conceptual group decision model capable of diagnosing existing barriers to achieving goals in results-based management in the Water Resource Management (WRM) system of the Brazilian state of Alagoas. The model was based on a Soft Operational Research method, incorporating systematic feedback on non-compliance targets and applied in the context of the transfer of funds from the federal government program to the WRM system in Brazilian states. This program involves the problem of multiple uses of water resources, and it is composed of variables in which actions are necessary to achieve the established goals. The model helped public water resource managers from Alagoas to understand problems related to non-compliance with the goals set by the program, directing management to the improvement of deficient processes. Consequently, we have better water management for its multiple uses, with society as the major beneficiary.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80246234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.282320220100
T. Carlotto, P. Chaffe
ABSTRACT Modeling catchment-lake interactions is computationally demanding, usually requiring coupled numerical models and parallel processing capabilities. However, models with these requirements are still rare. In this paper, we developed a coupled 2D-3D model for lake catchments using a parallel scheme that leverages processing power of GPU and multiple CPUs. The model allows for hydrodynamic simulation applications considering diffuse water flows at the interface between the catchment and the lake. We coupled the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) with a two-dimensional shallow water model and test it on the Peri Lake Catchment in southern Brazil. The results revealed the ability of the model simulate lake water levels as well as the diffuse inputs of water and solutes, providing the possibility of its use in lake and reservoir water management.
{"title":"A coupled 2D-3D catchment-lake model with a parallel processing framework","authors":"T. Carlotto, P. Chaffe","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.282320220100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.282320220100","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Modeling catchment-lake interactions is computationally demanding, usually requiring coupled numerical models and parallel processing capabilities. However, models with these requirements are still rare. In this paper, we developed a coupled 2D-3D model for lake catchments using a parallel scheme that leverages processing power of GPU and multiple CPUs. The model allows for hydrodynamic simulation applications considering diffuse water flows at the interface between the catchment and the lake. We coupled the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) with a two-dimensional shallow water model and test it on the Peri Lake Catchment in southern Brazil. The results revealed the ability of the model simulate lake water levels as well as the diffuse inputs of water and solutes, providing the possibility of its use in lake and reservoir water management.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86532403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.282320220095
Lina Maria Osorio Olivos, Arisvaldo Vieira Méllo Jr.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to simulate the joint use of surface water and groundwater in the urban-rural basins of the municipality of São Carlos and evaluated the impact of climate change scenarios in the system. A calibrated WEAP model is employed with 5 km resolution climate model data from the CPTEC - PROJETA project with the future scenario of RCP85 and RCP45 from 2007 to 2050. This system is utilized to create various future scenarios of groundwater and surface-water abstraction of public water supply, industrial and private demands, with combination of conjunctive use 50-50% of both type of resources and 100% from one them. Results were assessed by analyzing the flow duration curves and the level of the aquifer for the 2007-2050 period. The simulated climatic scenarios indicate that the pressure over groundwater in the area could represent a challenge due to the progressive depletion of the resources affecting the system sustainability, the flow of the main rivers with the 95% percentile presents a reduction of 20% in some cases. This modelling approach can be used in other river basins to manage scenarios of supply and demand.
{"title":"Integrated management of groundwater and surface water under climate change scenarios","authors":"Lina Maria Osorio Olivos, Arisvaldo Vieira Méllo Jr.","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.282320220095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.282320220095","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed to simulate the joint use of surface water and groundwater in the urban-rural basins of the municipality of São Carlos and evaluated the impact of climate change scenarios in the system. A calibrated WEAP model is employed with 5 km resolution climate model data from the CPTEC - PROJETA project with the future scenario of RCP85 and RCP45 from 2007 to 2050. This system is utilized to create various future scenarios of groundwater and surface-water abstraction of public water supply, industrial and private demands, with combination of conjunctive use 50-50% of both type of resources and 100% from one them. Results were assessed by analyzing the flow duration curves and the level of the aquifer for the 2007-2050 period. The simulated climatic scenarios indicate that the pressure over groundwater in the area could represent a challenge due to the progressive depletion of the resources affecting the system sustainability, the flow of the main rivers with the 95% percentile presents a reduction of 20% in some cases. This modelling approach can be used in other river basins to manage scenarios of supply and demand.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.282320230038
Eileen Andrea Acosta, Regina Tiemy Kishi, Marcelo Luiz de Souza, Gabriel Henrique de Almeida Pereira, Tobias Bernward Bleninger, Cristóvão Vicente Scapulatempo Fernandes, Camila Bergmann Goulart, João Marcos Carvalho, Bruna Arcie Polli, Danieli Mara Ferreira, Arthur Humberto Rocha Ferreira, Alexei Nowatzki, Alana Louise Werneck Lassen
ABSTRACT Ensuring compliance with the minimum Water Quality Standards stipulated by law demands the implementation of strategic measures within the watershed. Water pollution modeling serves as a tool to guide the formulations of effective pollution control strategies. However, the inherent complexity of calibration, spatial-temporal variability, and uncertainty, in addition to effective communication of technical information to decision makers, makes it challenging to prioritize actions, implement them, and allocate resources efficiently. This paper presents the implementation of a Web-GIS for decision making support which combines collaborative hydrological and hydrodynamic modeling results with an interactive visualization of the Paranapanema river basin in the South of Brazil. The Web-GIS aimed to overcome the difficulty of presenting scientific results to decision-makers, gathering and harmonizing diverse datasets. Combining information from the watershed, the pollutant loads estimations for three substances (phosphorus, nitrogen, and BOD), the resulting concentrations in rivers and reservoirs, as well as the results for different future scenarios into a unified platform. It is expected that decision-making regarding water bodies framework will be facilitated by identifying the primary sources and pathways of pollution, prioritizing basins with the highest load production, an determining realistic possibilities of load reduction through effective measures.
{"title":"A Web-GIS for decision making to achieve water quality standards of water bodies through collaborative watershed modeling","authors":"Eileen Andrea Acosta, Regina Tiemy Kishi, Marcelo Luiz de Souza, Gabriel Henrique de Almeida Pereira, Tobias Bernward Bleninger, Cristóvão Vicente Scapulatempo Fernandes, Camila Bergmann Goulart, João Marcos Carvalho, Bruna Arcie Polli, Danieli Mara Ferreira, Arthur Humberto Rocha Ferreira, Alexei Nowatzki, Alana Louise Werneck Lassen","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.282320230038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.282320230038","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Ensuring compliance with the minimum Water Quality Standards stipulated by law demands the implementation of strategic measures within the watershed. Water pollution modeling serves as a tool to guide the formulations of effective pollution control strategies. However, the inherent complexity of calibration, spatial-temporal variability, and uncertainty, in addition to effective communication of technical information to decision makers, makes it challenging to prioritize actions, implement them, and allocate resources efficiently. This paper presents the implementation of a Web-GIS for decision making support which combines collaborative hydrological and hydrodynamic modeling results with an interactive visualization of the Paranapanema river basin in the South of Brazil. The Web-GIS aimed to overcome the difficulty of presenting scientific results to decision-makers, gathering and harmonizing diverse datasets. Combining information from the watershed, the pollutant loads estimations for three substances (phosphorus, nitrogen, and BOD), the resulting concentrations in rivers and reservoirs, as well as the results for different future scenarios into a unified platform. It is expected that decision-making regarding water bodies framework will be facilitated by identifying the primary sources and pathways of pollution, prioritizing basins with the highest load production, an determining realistic possibilities of load reduction through effective measures.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135609430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.282320230041
Leonardo de Carvalho Souza Santa Rita, Abraão Nunes de Oliveira, André Quintão de Almeida, Ludmilson Abritta Mendes
ABSTRACT Despite of benefits such as water security and energy supply dams provide, there are environmental impacts and risks of accidents associated with their usage, i.e. rupture. In these cases, a structured Emergency Action Plan (EAP) must be executed to mitigate impacts and loss of life. To do so, hypothetical dam break scenarios must be simulated to obtain the flood’s spatial coverage in downstream valley. In this regard, this work aimed to obtain the flood maps due to hypothetical ruptures of Jacarecica I and Jacarecica II dams (state of Sergipe), structures that don’t have Safety Plans elaborated. HEC-RAS 2D model was used to elaborate flood inundation maps and assess hydrodynamic results, that showed the breach wave impacts residential, industrial and agricultural areas before reaching the city of Riachuelo, with high depths and velocities, and minimum arrival times of 6 hours. With rural and urban areas at risk, it is mandatory, according to the PNSB, that the dams’ EAPs are prepared.
{"title":"Dam safety in Sergipe: Jacarecica I and Jacarecica II hypothetical cascade dam-break simulation","authors":"Leonardo de Carvalho Souza Santa Rita, Abraão Nunes de Oliveira, André Quintão de Almeida, Ludmilson Abritta Mendes","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.282320230041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.282320230041","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite of benefits such as water security and energy supply dams provide, there are environmental impacts and risks of accidents associated with their usage, i.e. rupture. In these cases, a structured Emergency Action Plan (EAP) must be executed to mitigate impacts and loss of life. To do so, hypothetical dam break scenarios must be simulated to obtain the flood’s spatial coverage in downstream valley. In this regard, this work aimed to obtain the flood maps due to hypothetical ruptures of Jacarecica I and Jacarecica II dams (state of Sergipe), structures that don’t have Safety Plans elaborated. HEC-RAS 2D model was used to elaborate flood inundation maps and assess hydrodynamic results, that showed the breach wave impacts residential, industrial and agricultural areas before reaching the city of Riachuelo, with high depths and velocities, and minimum arrival times of 6 hours. With rural and urban areas at risk, it is mandatory, according to the PNSB, that the dams’ EAPs are prepared.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.282320230022
André Carlos Silva, Igor Gonzaga Martins Santos, Adriano Silva Bastos, Adinele Gomes Guimarães, Carlos Barreira Martinez
ABSTRACT The dam safety depends heavily on the organizational structure, the developer’s philosophy, and the involved actor’s technical responsibility. In this context, the present research aimed to: introduce the concept of Engineer of Record (EoR); discuss their influence on the continuous improvement of dam safety, propose a work plan for this professional applicable to water storage dams, and estimate the costs associated with their team. Since mining dams have experienced recent accidents, safety laws, and methodologies are more stringent for these structures. Therefore, based on this experience, a list of actions for the EoR was proposed, targeted explicitly at water storage dams, divided into two stages: the first to comply with the National Dam Safety Policy (NDSP); and the second focused on the continuous improvement of the safety of these structures. Additionally, a cost estimate was conducted, resulting in a value of $ 0.15 per m3 consumed for implementing an EoR team.
{"title":"Application of an Engineer of Record (EoR) for safety benefits in water storage dams","authors":"André Carlos Silva, Igor Gonzaga Martins Santos, Adriano Silva Bastos, Adinele Gomes Guimarães, Carlos Barreira Martinez","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.282320230022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.282320230022","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The dam safety depends heavily on the organizational structure, the developer’s philosophy, and the involved actor’s technical responsibility. In this context, the present research aimed to: introduce the concept of Engineer of Record (EoR); discuss their influence on the continuous improvement of dam safety, propose a work plan for this professional applicable to water storage dams, and estimate the costs associated with their team. Since mining dams have experienced recent accidents, safety laws, and methodologies are more stringent for these structures. Therefore, based on this experience, a list of actions for the EoR was proposed, targeted explicitly at water storage dams, divided into two stages: the first to comply with the National Dam Safety Policy (NDSP); and the second focused on the continuous improvement of the safety of these structures. Additionally, a cost estimate was conducted, resulting in a value of $ 0.15 per m3 consumed for implementing an EoR team.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135651083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Thirty-five groundwater samples from the aquifer were collected and analyzed for major cations and anions to understand the groundwater chemistry and hydrochemical processes in the Egbako aquifer. Laboratory studies identified the major ions while the results were analyzed using different graphical methods and ionic plots. The abundance of the major cations and anions are Ca2+>K+>Na+>Mg2+ and HCO3->NO3->Cl->SO42- respectively. The dominant hydrochemical facies are calcium-bicarbonate (Ca-HCO3), sodium-bicarbonate (Na-HCO3) and mixed calcium-sodium bicarbonate (Ca-Na-HCO3) water types. Interpretation of bivariate and scatter plots indicate silicate weathering, simple dissolution and ion exchange as the dominant processes in the aquifer. Saturation indices reveals evaporites (halite, gypsum and anhydrite) undersaturation, supersaturation in most samples with respect to silicates (quartz and kaolinite) and few samples for carbonate (calcite, aragonite, dolomite). Assessment of the water quality indicate that they are chemically suitable for human consumption except in the agricultural fields of southwestern areas where high nitrate concentration is present.
{"title":"Groundwater geochemistry and hydrochemical processes in the Egbako aquifer, Northern Bida Basin, Nigeria","authors":"Abdulwahid Kolawole Aweda, Benson Shadrach Jatau, Nathaniel Gotar Goki","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.282320230010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.282320230010","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Thirty-five groundwater samples from the aquifer were collected and analyzed for major cations and anions to understand the groundwater chemistry and hydrochemical processes in the Egbako aquifer. Laboratory studies identified the major ions while the results were analyzed using different graphical methods and ionic plots. The abundance of the major cations and anions are Ca2+>K+>Na+>Mg2+ and HCO3->NO3->Cl->SO42- respectively. The dominant hydrochemical facies are calcium-bicarbonate (Ca-HCO3), sodium-bicarbonate (Na-HCO3) and mixed calcium-sodium bicarbonate (Ca-Na-HCO3) water types. Interpretation of bivariate and scatter plots indicate silicate weathering, simple dissolution and ion exchange as the dominant processes in the aquifer. Saturation indices reveals evaporites (halite, gypsum and anhydrite) undersaturation, supersaturation in most samples with respect to silicates (quartz and kaolinite) and few samples for carbonate (calcite, aragonite, dolomite). Assessment of the water quality indicate that they are chemically suitable for human consumption except in the agricultural fields of southwestern areas where high nitrate concentration is present.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135613443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.272220220017
B. L. D. S. Carneiro, F. S. Souza Filho, T. M. N. Carvalho, J. B. S. Raulino
ABSTRACT Most water infrastructure was designed for climate conditions and demands that have been rapidly changing. In this study, we investigate flood magnitude and dam safety under climate change, using an ensemble of CMIP6 climate models, coupled to a hydrological model. We compare historical and future climate conditions of a watershed in Ceará, Northeast Brazil. Climate models revealed a wide range of risk levels of flood and hydrological failure. Half of the climate scenarios indicated a reduction in the flood return period. A flood associated with a 1000-year storm had an occurrence probability about 12 times higher when comparing the SSP5 8.5 scenario with historical conditions. In one more critical scenario, the water depth exceeded the height of the dam's crest. When considering a flood associated with a decamillennial storm, dam collapse risk was increased. Climate change might increase the risk of water infrastructure failure, which needs to be adapted to ensure the safety of the water system stakeholders.
{"title":"Hydrological risk of dam failure under climate change","authors":"B. L. D. S. Carneiro, F. S. Souza Filho, T. M. N. Carvalho, J. B. S. Raulino","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.272220220017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.272220220017","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Most water infrastructure was designed for climate conditions and demands that have been rapidly changing. In this study, we investigate flood magnitude and dam safety under climate change, using an ensemble of CMIP6 climate models, coupled to a hydrological model. We compare historical and future climate conditions of a watershed in Ceará, Northeast Brazil. Climate models revealed a wide range of risk levels of flood and hydrological failure. Half of the climate scenarios indicated a reduction in the flood return period. A flood associated with a 1000-year storm had an occurrence probability about 12 times higher when comparing the SSP5 8.5 scenario with historical conditions. In one more critical scenario, the water depth exceeded the height of the dam's crest. When considering a flood associated with a decamillennial storm, dam collapse risk was increased. Climate change might increase the risk of water infrastructure failure, which needs to be adapted to ensure the safety of the water system stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75679359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2318-0331.272220220084
Albert Teixeira Cardoso, F. Fan, Melissa Franzen, G. Simão, Guilherme Casarotto Troian
ABSTRACT In the environmental reclaiming process, it is essential to distinguish between chemical elements concentrations that occur naturally in water resources (geochemical background), from those originated from anthropogenic activities. Despite the environmental efforts that have been carried out for more than two decades in the southern Brazilian region impacted by coal mining, its geochemical background is still not completely known. Filling this environmental knowledge gap was the objective of this work, which systematically analyzed the results of monitoring efforts carried out by the Geological Survey of Brazil (SGB/CPRM) across three years. Quality parameter distributions of rivers and streams unaffected by anthropogenic impact were analyzed. The database was used to perform principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, and to define the background values, which was done through the boxplot and ± 2 MAD (Median Absolute Deviation) methods. The results of multivariate statistical analyses clustered the monitoring sites into two groups, one related to the sedimentary rocks of the Paraná Basin and another to the crystalline basement rocks. The sedimentary group had a greater correlation with the parameters Eh, SO42-, Ca, Mg, EC, Mn, Acidity, Zn and Na; while, and the crystalline rocks group were better correlated with pH, Cu, Al, K, and Fe. The results of the geochemical background were similar for both methods, with values of pH, Fe, Al, and Mn being slightly different from those defined in Brazilian legislation (CONAMA 357/05 and MS 888/21).
{"title":"Surface water resources of Santa Catarina state’s southern region - geochemical background of the coal mining territory","authors":"Albert Teixeira Cardoso, F. Fan, Melissa Franzen, G. Simão, Guilherme Casarotto Troian","doi":"10.1590/2318-0331.272220220084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-0331.272220220084","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the environmental reclaiming process, it is essential to distinguish between chemical elements concentrations that occur naturally in water resources (geochemical background), from those originated from anthropogenic activities. Despite the environmental efforts that have been carried out for more than two decades in the southern Brazilian region impacted by coal mining, its geochemical background is still not completely known. Filling this environmental knowledge gap was the objective of this work, which systematically analyzed the results of monitoring efforts carried out by the Geological Survey of Brazil (SGB/CPRM) across three years. Quality parameter distributions of rivers and streams unaffected by anthropogenic impact were analyzed. The database was used to perform principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, and to define the background values, which was done through the boxplot and ± 2 MAD (Median Absolute Deviation) methods. The results of multivariate statistical analyses clustered the monitoring sites into two groups, one related to the sedimentary rocks of the Paraná Basin and another to the crystalline basement rocks. The sedimentary group had a greater correlation with the parameters Eh, SO42-, Ca, Mg, EC, Mn, Acidity, Zn and Na; while, and the crystalline rocks group were better correlated with pH, Cu, Al, K, and Fe. The results of the geochemical background were similar for both methods, with values of pH, Fe, Al, and Mn being slightly different from those defined in Brazilian legislation (CONAMA 357/05 and MS 888/21).","PeriodicalId":54151,"journal":{"name":"RBRH-Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hidricos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77353614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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