Over the past two decades, the Arab Israeli society's awareness to the need to treat children suffering from Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been rising. The State of Israel provides educational and psychological services in almost every Arab-Israeli town, allowing for identification, diagnosis and treatment. However, misleading prejudice stemming from lack of basic knowledge poses difficulties when offering appropriate therapy. The present paper aims to demonstrate the implications of such unawareness and stigmas, as well as to present the dilemmas and flaws in the professional relationship required between those involved in rendering appropriate care. It concludes that a multi-system therapeutic approach must be adopted by the Arab Israeli society, with emphasis placed on the therapist-patient relationship and the ability to take into consideration the individual needs of each case.
{"title":"THERAPEUTIC COPING WITH ADHD AMONG CHILDREN FROM THE ARAB ISRAELI SECTOR WITH AN EMPHASIS ON THE THERAPIST-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP.","authors":"Emad Gith","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past two decades, the Arab Israeli society's awareness to the need to treat children suffering from Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been rising. The State of Israel provides educational and psychological services in almost every Arab-Israeli town, allowing for identification, diagnosis and treatment. However, misleading prejudice stemming from lack of basic knowledge poses difficulties when offering appropriate therapy. The present paper aims to demonstrate the implications of such unawareness and stigmas, as well as to present the dilemmas and flaws in the professional relationship required between those involved in rendering appropriate care. It concludes that a multi-system therapeutic approach must be adopted by the Arab Israeli society, with emphasis placed on the therapist-patient relationship and the ability to take into consideration the individual needs of each case.</p>","PeriodicalId":54182,"journal":{"name":"MEDICINE AND LAW","volume":"33 3","pages":"119-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34513904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, the study of emotions has broadened its scope and established its standing as a new scientific discipline. Humanity has become increasingly conscious of the seminal role played by the emotional components in both intrapersonal and interpersonal behavior. A deeply rooted and inherent correlation exists between emotional intelligence (E.I. - Emotional Intelligence) and positive social results: social adaptation, quality social relationships, the capacity for healthy social behaviors, caring, altruism, empathy, enlightened communication and the efficacy and personal coherence essential to moral and ethical behavior, including its manifestation in the sphere of bio-ethics. The importance of the personal relationship between the doctor and the patient is especially fundamental in the current era of immense and accelerated scientific-technological development, forcing doctors to cope with an increasingly complicated technical environment. Precisely because of this reality, it is essential that a doctor's actions and interpersonal relationship with the patient proceed from an ethical base, grounded in both professional and emotional responsibility. Emotional responsibility is one of the central elements underlying bioethical conduct and is the element that provides the guideposts for the treatment of others. The symbiotic connection between emotional intelligence and the sphere of ethics and morals is what delineates human beings. Human beings, by definition and in essence, bear responsibility for their actions. The beginning of ethics is in the human being's consciousness of choice in relation to self and to others. An individual's choices integrate emotion and cognition. That ability to integrate alongside the capacity for choice enables the human race to act in accordance with ethical and moral codes. At work, on a daily basis, a doctor is positioned opposite to the physical, emotional, cognitive and ethical entirety of the patient. Beyond the doctor's technical ability to heal, there also exists his capacity to create within the patient the desire to heal.
{"title":"EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, MORAL, ETHICS, BIO-ETHICS AND WHAT IS IN BETWEEN.","authors":"Daniella Keidar, Arie Yagoda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, the study of emotions has broadened its scope and established its standing as a new scientific discipline. Humanity has become increasingly conscious of the seminal role played by the emotional components in both intrapersonal and interpersonal behavior. A deeply rooted and inherent correlation exists between emotional intelligence (E.I. - Emotional Intelligence) and positive social results: social adaptation, quality social relationships, the capacity for healthy social behaviors, caring, altruism, empathy, enlightened communication and the efficacy and personal coherence essential to moral and ethical behavior, including its manifestation in the sphere of bio-ethics. The importance of the personal relationship between the doctor and the patient is especially fundamental in the current era of immense and accelerated scientific-technological development, forcing doctors to cope with an increasingly complicated technical environment. Precisely because of this reality, it is essential that a doctor's actions and interpersonal relationship with the patient proceed from an ethical base, grounded in both professional and emotional responsibility. Emotional responsibility is one of the central elements underlying bioethical conduct and is the element that provides the guideposts for the treatment of others. The symbiotic connection between emotional intelligence and the sphere of ethics and morals is what delineates human beings. Human beings, by definition and in essence, bear responsibility for their actions. The beginning of ethics is in the human being's consciousness of choice in relation to self and to others. An individual's choices integrate emotion and cognition. That ability to integrate alongside the capacity for choice enables the human race to act in accordance with ethical and moral codes. At work, on a daily basis, a doctor is positioned opposite to the physical, emotional, cognitive and ethical entirety of the patient. Beyond the doctor's technical ability to heal, there also exists his capacity to create within the patient the desire to heal.</p>","PeriodicalId":54182,"journal":{"name":"MEDICINE AND LAW","volume":"33 3","pages":"131-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34513905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The nature of physician-patient relationships has been documented in the ancient Greek and Roman, as well as in that of the Middle Ages and modern times' literature. Far back as in Hippocrates' writings, ethical dilemmas including those concerning patient-physician relationships, patient consent to treatment and end of life issues have been raised and discussed. Over time, changes have occurred in the dynamic between the diverse values that are taken into consideration when defining the therapeutic milieu. The nature of this dyad has have moved from a paternalistic framework empowering the physician and emphasizing the patient's wellbeing, to a relational framework that empowers the patient and is focused on his desires and rights. The pendulum of the physician-patient relationship is continually adjusted, in each era, in accordance with contemporary social values and by norms that have been shaped by judicial tribunals and legislation. Viewing the issue of physician-patient relationship as an ethical dilemma deeply rooted within social-cultural contexts demands the formulation of a theoretical framework incorporating the relevant ethical principles and a system of implementation that constitutes a declaration of intention concerning the values we thereby wish to protect. The current state of affairs in which legal and legislative arrangements prefer patient autonomy above other significant social values, could provide the foundation for a more stable, appropriate and fruitful physician-patient relationship. This article wishes to critically examine the questions of whether and, in what ways, the law influences the character of the physician-patient relationship and the implications of such influence for medical policy and practice. In light of the lack of consistency of rulings in this domain, the necessity of adopting ethical guidelines through legislation and need for the legal system to constructively and systematically balance the diverse ethical approaches regarding the physician-patient relationship, becomes clear.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF THE ISRAELI COURTS IN FORMULATING THE PHYSICIAN-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP.","authors":"Limor Malul","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nature of physician-patient relationships has been documented in the ancient Greek and Roman, as well as in that of the Middle Ages and modern times' literature. Far back as in Hippocrates' writings, ethical dilemmas including those concerning patient-physician relationships, patient consent to treatment and end of life issues have been raised and discussed. Over time, changes have occurred in the dynamic between the diverse values that are taken into consideration when defining the therapeutic milieu. The nature of this dyad has have moved from a paternalistic framework empowering the physician and emphasizing the patient's wellbeing, to a relational framework that empowers the patient and is focused on his desires and rights. The pendulum of the physician-patient relationship is continually adjusted, in each era, in accordance with contemporary social values and by norms that have been shaped by judicial tribunals and legislation. Viewing the issue of physician-patient relationship as an ethical dilemma deeply rooted within social-cultural contexts demands the formulation of a theoretical framework incorporating the relevant ethical principles and a system of implementation that constitutes a declaration of intention concerning the values we thereby wish to protect. The current state of affairs in which legal and legislative arrangements prefer patient autonomy above other significant social values, could provide the foundation for a more stable, appropriate and fruitful physician-patient relationship. This article wishes to critically examine the questions of whether and, in what ways, the law influences the character of the physician-patient relationship and the implications of such influence for medical policy and practice. In light of the lack of consistency of rulings in this domain, the necessity of adopting ethical guidelines through legislation and need for the legal system to constructively and systematically balance the diverse ethical approaches regarding the physician-patient relationship, becomes clear.</p>","PeriodicalId":54182,"journal":{"name":"MEDICINE AND LAW","volume":"33 3","pages":"61-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34513901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increase in the number of older people in the world emphasizes the need to reevaluate and change health care policy and care services priorities. The provision of health care for this growing population has consequently become an important worldwide concern. The purpose of this article is to highlight the challenges stemming from the growing number of elderly people and their need for care. Collaborative and coordinated health care services for elderly people should be focused on the ethical issues deriving from the interpersonal relationships between the professional caregiver and the older person. Any discussion on ethics and aging should be focused on the roles of autonomy, informed consent, respect, advance directive, end of life decisions and privacy. In addition, such a discussion should stress the important role of effective communication and its effect on the older person's adherence with the recommended treatment. The desired consequence should be the empowerment of positive and successful experiences attained by the recipients of the health care services.
{"title":"EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION AS AN IMPORTANT SKILL FOR QUALITY CARE IN ELDERLY PATIENTS.","authors":"Dorit Rubinstein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increase in the number of older people in the world emphasizes the need to reevaluate and change health care policy and care services priorities. The provision of health care for this growing population has consequently become an important worldwide concern. The purpose of this article is to highlight the challenges stemming from the growing number of elderly people and their need for care. Collaborative and coordinated health care services for elderly people should be focused on the ethical issues deriving from the interpersonal relationships between the professional caregiver and the older person. Any discussion on ethics and aging should be focused on the roles of autonomy, informed consent, respect, advance directive, end of life decisions and privacy. In addition, such a discussion should stress the important role of effective communication and its effect on the older person's adherence with the recommended treatment. The desired consequence should be the empowerment of positive and successful experiences attained by the recipients of the health care services.</p>","PeriodicalId":54182,"journal":{"name":"MEDICINE AND LAW","volume":"33 3","pages":"107-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34513903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this article is to clarify the meaning of health, starting from the analysis of the definition of health stated by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1948, highlighting its strengths and its critical aspects. The considerations on the opportunity to revise the definition of health, adapting it to the changed conditions of the world population, gave rise to a proposal for a new definition focused on the ability to adapt and self-manage in face of social, physical, and emotional challenges. Even though we recognize that adaptation and self-management are important qualities, we have to question the extrinsic conditions to which health is subordinate. Thus, if we evaluate this definition as suitable, we must clarify how health is necessarily linked to socio-economic and environmental policies, paying attention to the procedure to be followed in order to pass from what ought to be to what is.
{"title":"THE WHO DEFINITION OF HEALTH: A CRITICAL READING.","authors":"Marianna Nobile","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this article is to clarify the meaning of health, starting from the analysis of the definition of health stated by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1948, highlighting its strengths and its critical aspects. The considerations on the opportunity to revise the definition of health, adapting it to the changed conditions of the world population, gave rise to a proposal for a new definition focused on the ability to adapt and self-manage in face of social, physical, and emotional challenges. Even though we recognize that adaptation and self-management are important qualities, we have to question the extrinsic conditions to which health is subordinate. Thus, if we evaluate this definition as suitable, we must clarify how health is necessarily linked to socio-economic and environmental policies, paying attention to the procedure to be followed in order to pass from what ought to be to what is.</p>","PeriodicalId":54182,"journal":{"name":"MEDICINE AND LAW","volume":"33 2","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34622242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Susanna Davtyan, Mikayel Khachatryan, Ara Johrian, Karen Ghazaryan
The Law Book of the medieval Armenian legal and economic thought is an exceptional work that encompasses valuable information of the Armenian nation's domestic life. Mkhitar Gosh was considered to be one of the most outstanding figures and lawyers (lawmakers) of all times. Armenian Law Code after Mkhitar Gosh is writhed at 12 century. One of the primary sources for the law code was Armenian customary law. This Code became moral code for guiding for hall Armenians over the world because of high moral spirit reflecting Armenian mentality. This article presents the brief history of extension of legal rules setting out in the Law Code. The Law Code was established and widely used not only in Armenia but also in a number of Armenian communities abroad (Russian, Poland, Georgia, Latvia, India etc.). Law Code was accepted by all Armenians. Moreover, it served for the development of legislation for a number of civilized European and Asian countries.
{"title":"MKHITAR GOSH'S MEDIEVAL LAW CODE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR ARMENIAN COMMUNITIES ABROAD.","authors":"Susanna Davtyan, Mikayel Khachatryan, Ara Johrian, Karen Ghazaryan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Law Book of the medieval Armenian legal and economic thought is an exceptional work that encompasses valuable information of the Armenian nation's domestic life. Mkhitar Gosh was considered to be one of the most outstanding figures and lawyers (lawmakers) of all times. Armenian Law Code after Mkhitar Gosh is writhed at 12 century. One of the primary sources for the law code was Armenian customary law. This Code became moral code for guiding for hall Armenians over the world because of high moral spirit reflecting Armenian mentality. This article presents the brief history of extension of legal rules setting out in the Law Code. The Law Code was established and widely used not only in Armenia but also in a number of Armenian communities abroad (Russian, Poland, Georgia, Latvia, India etc.). Law Code was accepted by all Armenians. Moreover, it served for the development of legislation for a number of civilized European and Asian countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":54182,"journal":{"name":"MEDICINE AND LAW","volume":"33 2","pages":"41-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34622243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1--Summary of the decision taken by the Portuguese Constitutional Court, of January 13, 2011; 2--Complete text of the decision of the Portuguese Constitutional Court, of January 13, 2011, Judge Maria João ANTUNES (Reporter), Judge Carlos Pamplona de OLIVEIRA, Judge José Borges SOEIRO, Judge Gil GALVÃO, Judge Rui Manuel Moura RAMOS (President)--in terms of the appositive declaration to the sentence n. 487/2010: t.c.http://www. tribunalconstitucional.pt, August 1, 2011; 3--Brief annotation to the problem of the "medical act"; 3.1--Plus some conclusions on the brief annotation to the problem of the "medical act"; 3.2--Brief annotation to the problem of "consent"--continuation of the previous comments; 4--Conclusions. It must never be forgotten that "consent" does not stand as the only cause of exclusion of unlawfulness.
1-葡萄牙宪法法院于2011年1月13日作出的决定摘要;2——葡萄牙宪法法院2011年1月13日Maria jo o ANTUNES法官(记者)、Carlos Pamplona de OLIVEIRA法官、josessere Borges SOEIRO法官、Gil法官GALVÃO、Rui Manuel Moura RAMOS法官(庭长)关于第487/2010号判决的赞成声明的决定全文:http://www。宪法法庭,2011年8月1日;3——对“医疗行为”问题的简要注解;3.1——对“医疗行为”问题的简要注释加上一些结论;3.2——对“同意”问题的简要注释——延续前面的评论;4——结论。绝不能忘记,“同意”不是排除非法行为的唯一原因。
{"title":"ANNOTATION TAKEN, IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CRIMINAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, AS WELL AS IN CRIMINOLOGY, TO THE DECISION OF THE PORTUGUESE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT, OF JANUARY 13, 2011--WITH RESPECT TO THE PROBLEMS OF \"CONSENT\" AND \"MEDICAL ACT\".","authors":"Gonçalo S de Melo Bandeira","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1--Summary of the decision taken by the Portuguese Constitutional Court, of January 13, 2011; 2--Complete text of the decision of the Portuguese Constitutional Court, of January 13, 2011, Judge Maria João ANTUNES (Reporter), Judge Carlos Pamplona de OLIVEIRA, Judge José Borges SOEIRO, Judge Gil GALVÃO, Judge Rui Manuel Moura RAMOS (President)--in terms of the appositive declaration to the sentence n. 487/2010: t.c.http://www. tribunalconstitucional.pt, August 1, 2011; 3--Brief annotation to the problem of the \"medical act\"; 3.1--Plus some conclusions on the brief annotation to the problem of the \"medical act\"; 3.2--Brief annotation to the problem of \"consent\"--continuation of the previous comments; 4--Conclusions. It must never be forgotten that \"consent\" does not stand as the only cause of exclusion of unlawfulness.</p>","PeriodicalId":54182,"journal":{"name":"MEDICINE AND LAW","volume":"33 2","pages":"57-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34624308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article the so-called patient recall duty is discussed. More specifically, it has been determined if and when a physician should inform his former patients about newly discovered side effects relating to previously executed treatments. Although such an obligation may be surprising there are, in my view, sufficient arguments to justify the duty to perform a patient recall in some cases. The potential objections to the imposition of this duty do not alter my opinion. However, it is by no means the intention to impose on the physician a general post information obligation. In my opinion, two fundamental criteria should be taken into account in order to assess when the physician is obliged to carry out a patient recall, namely: the severity of the potential harm, and the foreseeability of the potential harm. This can be derived from similar existing criteria in other areas in which a recall obligation exists and from the case law concerning patient recall.
{"title":"THE DUTY TO PERFORM A PATIENT RECALL.","authors":"Dimitri Verhoeven","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article the so-called patient recall duty is discussed. More specifically, it has been determined if and when a physician should inform his former patients about newly discovered side effects relating to previously executed treatments. Although such an obligation may be surprising there are, in my view, sufficient arguments to justify the duty to perform a patient recall in some cases. The potential objections to the imposition of this duty do not alter my opinion. However, it is by no means the intention to impose on the physician a general post information obligation. In my opinion, two fundamental criteria should be taken into account in order to assess when the physician is obliged to carry out a patient recall, namely: the severity of the potential harm, and the foreseeability of the potential harm. This can be derived from similar existing criteria in other areas in which a recall obligation exists and from the case law concerning patient recall.</p>","PeriodicalId":54182,"journal":{"name":"MEDICINE AND LAW","volume":"33 2","pages":"91-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34624309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2012, the Israeli actor and director Doron Nesher had a stroke and his family called the Israeli Emergency Service to take him to the hospital. On arrival, the medical crew encountered resistance by the patient who refused to receive treatment and to be accompanied to the hospital. After all of the crew's persuasion attempts that lasted about two hours failed, the crew left the scene without the patient, against his tearing wife's repeated requests. Hours later, the family, with the help of neighbors, took Mr. Nesher to the hospital in a private car, rolled up in a carpet. In this paper, I claim that the medical crew made an ethical error by not forcing the patient to go to the hospital. However, I do not blame the crew itself, but rather point my finger towards two institutional culprits: the Israeli Emergency Medical Service and the Israeli medical ethics education of paramedics and emergency medical technicians. I recommend that we start teaching medical ethics to paramedical professions.
{"title":"IS IT TIME TO TEACH MEDICAL ETHICS TO EMT'S? AN ISRAELI CASE STUDY.","authors":"Zohar Lederman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2012, the Israeli actor and director Doron Nesher had a stroke and his family called the Israeli Emergency Service to take him to the hospital. On arrival, the medical crew encountered resistance by the patient who refused to receive treatment and to be accompanied to the hospital. After all of the crew's persuasion attempts that lasted about two hours failed, the crew left the scene without the patient, against his tearing wife's repeated requests. Hours later, the family, with the help of neighbors, took Mr. Nesher to the hospital in a private car, rolled up in a carpet. In this paper, I claim that the medical crew made an ethical error by not forcing the patient to go to the hospital. However, I do not blame the crew itself, but rather point my finger towards two institutional culprits: the Israeli Emergency Medical Service and the Israeli medical ethics education of paramedics and emergency medical technicians. I recommend that we start teaching medical ethics to paramedical professions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54182,"journal":{"name":"MEDICINE AND LAW","volume":"33 2","pages":"49-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34624307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychopathy and its relation to criminal behaviour has been the focus of clinical research for many years. Within the context of South African criminal law, the impact of psychopathy on criminal liability has been addressed in numerous decisions with varying outcomes all indicative of the reality that psychopathy will at most serve as a factor in mitigation of sentence, but will not exonerate an accused of criminal responsibility. In this contribution, the author reflects on the diagnostic entities of psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder against the backdrop of South African criminal law cases in terms of which either of these entities were raised in support of mitigation of sentence and/or as extenuating circumstances.
{"title":"HANNIBAL REVISITED: ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER VERSUS PSYCHOPATHY--MEDICO-LEGAL PERSPECTIVES FROM SOUTH AFRICA.","authors":"Philip Stevens","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychopathy and its relation to criminal behaviour has been the focus of clinical research for many years. Within the context of South African criminal law, the impact of psychopathy on criminal liability has been addressed in numerous decisions with varying outcomes all indicative of the reality that psychopathy will at most serve as a factor in mitigation of sentence, but will not exonerate an accused of criminal responsibility. In this contribution, the author reflects on the diagnostic entities of psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder against the backdrop of South African criminal law cases in terms of which either of these entities were raised in support of mitigation of sentence and/or as extenuating circumstances.</p>","PeriodicalId":54182,"journal":{"name":"MEDICINE AND LAW","volume":"33 2","pages":"113-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34624310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}