Current climate change reports最新文献

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Hydrologic Extremes in a Changing Climate: a Review of Extremes in East Africa 不断变化的气候中的极端水文现象：东非极端水文现象综述

IF 9.5 1区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Current climate change reports

Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1007/s40641-024-00193-9

Meron Teferi Taye, Ellen Dyer

Abstract

Purpose

Eastern Africa has a complex hydroclimate and socio-economic context, making it vulnerable to climate change-induced hydrological extremes. This review presents recent research on drivers and typologies of extremes across different geographies and highlights challenges and improvements in forecasting hydrological extremes at various timescales.

Recent Findings

Droughts and floods remain the major challenges of the region. Recently, frequent alterations between droughts and floods have been a common occurrence and concern. Research underlines the heterogeneity of extremes and the impact of climate change as increased intensity and duration of extremes. Moreover, the importance of local and antecedent conditions in changing the characteristics of extremes is emphasized.

Summary

A better understanding of these drivers and how they interact is required. Observational and modeling tools must capture these relationships and extremes on short timescales. Although there are improvements in forecasting these extremes, providing relevant information beyond meteorological variables requires further research.

摘要目的东非具有复杂的水文气候和社会经济背景，因此很容易受到气候变化引起的极端水文现象的影响。本综述介绍了最近对不同地域极端现象的驱动因素和类型进行的研究，并强调了在不同时间尺度上预报极端水文现象所面临的挑战和改进之处。最近，干旱和洪水之间的频繁变化已成为一种普遍现象，并引起了人们的关注。研究强调了极端天气的异质性，以及气候变化对极端天气强度和持续时间增加的影响。此外，研究还强调了当地条件和先决条件在改变极端气候特征方面的重要性。观测和建模工具必须在短时尺度上捕捉这些关系和极端现象。尽管在预报这些极端天气方面有所改进，但要提供气象变量以外的相关信息，还需要进一步的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Global Review of Modification, Optimization, and Improvement Models for Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment in the Era of Climate Change 气候变化时代含水层脆弱性评估的修改、优化和改进模型全球回顾

IF 9.5 1区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Current climate change reports

Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.1007/s40641-023-00192-2

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review aims to examine the methods used to date in assessing aquifer vulnerability over the last three decades (1993-2023). In addition to a comprehensive review of prior AVA research, the novelty of this study lies in its specific focus on these methods and their application to the widely used DRASTIC and GALDIT models. We particularly emphasize statistical analysis, multicriteria decision-making, optimization techniques, machine learning algorithms, and deep learning (DL) models.

Recent findings

The most widely used modification, optimization, and improvement-based methods for DRASTIC indices are the analytic hierarchy process, genetic algorithm, and fuzzy logic. In contrast, single-parameter sensitivity analysis, genetic algorithm, and support vector machine are commonly applied to modify, optimize, and improve GALDIT indices.

Summary

The results of this study are important especially in the era of global warming and climate change/variability when the need and demand for aquifers and groundwater resources is increasing.

摘要综述目的本综述旨在研究过去三十年（1993-2023 年）中迄今为止用于评估含水层脆弱性的方法。除了对之前的含水层脆弱性评估研究进行全面回顾外，本研究的新颖之处还在于特别关注这些方法及其在广泛使用的 DRASTIC 和 GALDIT 模型中的应用。我们特别强调统计分析、多标准决策、优化技术、机器学习算法和深度学习 (DL) 模型。最新发现 DRASTIC 指数最广泛使用的修改、优化和改进方法是层次分析法、遗传算法和模糊逻辑。相比之下，单参数灵敏度分析、遗传算法和支持向量机通常用于修改、优化和改进 GALDIT 指数。小结本研究的结果非常重要，尤其是在全球变暖和气候变化/多变的时代，对含水层和地下水资源的需求与日俱增。

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引用次数: 0

Recent Advances and Challenges in Monitoring and Modeling Non-Growing Season Carbon Dioxide Fluxes from the Arctic Boreal Zone 北极寒带非生长季二氧化碳通量监测与模拟的最新进展与挑战

1区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Current climate change reports

Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1007/s40641-023-00190-4

Kyle A. Arndt, Josh Hashemi, Susan M. Natali, Luke D. Schiferl, Anna-Maria Virkkala

Abstract Purpose of Review While previously thought to be negligible, carbon emissions during the non-growing season (NGS) can be a substantial part of the annual carbon budget in the Arctic boreal zone (ABZ), which can shift the carbon balance of these ecosystems from a long-held annual carbon sink towards a net annual carbon source. The purpose of this review is to summarize NGS carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) flux research in the ABZ that has been published within the past 5 years. Recent Findings We explore the processes and magnitudes of CO 2 fluxes, and the status of modeling efforts, and evaluate future directions. With technological advances, direct measurements of NGS fluxes are increasing at sites across the ABZ over the past decade, showing ecosystems in the ABZ are a large source of CO 2 in the shoulder seasons, with low, consistent, winter emissions. Summary Ecosystem carbon cycling models are being improved with some challenges, such as modeling below ground and snow processes, which are critical to understanding NGS CO 2 fluxes. A lack of representative in situ carbon flux data and gridded environmental data are leading limiting factors preventing more accurate predictions of NGS carbon fluxes.

虽然以前认为碳排放可以忽略不计，但非生长季(NGS)的碳排放可能是北极寒带(ABZ)年度碳预算的重要组成部分，它可以将这些生态系统的碳平衡从长期存在的年度碳汇转变为年度净碳源。本文综述了近5年来在ABZ地区已发表的NGS二氧化碳(CO 2)通量研究。我们探讨了co2通量的过程和大小，以及模拟工作的现状，并评估了未来的方向。随着技术的进步，在过去十年中，在整个ABZ的站点对NGS通量的直接测量正在增加，这表明ABZ的生态系统是CO 2的一个主要来源，在肩部季节，排放量低，一致，冬季。生态系统碳循环模型正在不断改进，但也面临着一些挑战，例如模拟地下和积雪过程，这对了解NGS CO 2通量至关重要。缺乏具有代表性的原位碳通量数据和网格化环境数据是阻碍更准确地预测NGS碳通量的主要限制因素。

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引用次数: 0

Uncertainty and Climate Change Adaptation: a Systematic Review of Research Approaches and People’s Decision-Making 不确定性与气候变化适应:研究方法与人们决策的系统回顾

IF 9.5 1区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Current climate change reports

Pub Date : 2023-02-17 DOI: 10.1007/s40641-023-00189-x

M. Moure, J. Jacobsen, C. Smith-Hall

引用次数: 2

The Promise of Private-Sphere Pro-environmental Behavior as Climate Action 私人领域亲环境行为作为气候行动的承诺

IF 9.5 1区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Current climate change reports

Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.1007/s40641-022-00188-4

A. Carrico

引用次数: 0

Assessing Methane Emissions From the Natural Gas Industry: Reviewing the Case of China in a Comparative Framework 天然气工业甲烷排放评估:在比较框架下回顾中国的案例

IF 9.5 1区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Current climate change reports

Pub Date : 2022-10-18 DOI: 10.1007/s40641-022-00187-5

Xi Yang, Yiying Gao, Mingzhe Zhu, C. Springer

引用次数: 1

Accelerating Pathways to Net Zero: Governance Strategies from Transition Studies and the Transition Accelerator 加速实现净零排放之路:来自转型研究和转型加速器的治理策略

IF 9.5 1区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Current climate change reports

Pub Date : 2022-08-20 DOI: 10.1007/s40641-022-00185-7

D. Rosenbloom, J. Meadowcroft

引用次数: 5

Beyond Climate Isolationism: a Necessary Shift for Climate Justice 超越气候孤立主义:气候正义的必要转变

IF 9.5 1区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Current climate change reports

Pub Date : 2022-08-18 DOI: 10.1007/s40641-022-00186-6

J. Stephens

引用次数: 3

The Role of Remaining Carbon Budgets and Net-Zero CO2 Targets in Climate Mitigation Policy 剩余碳预算和净零二氧化碳目标在气候缓解政策中的作用

IF 9.5 1区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Current climate change reports

Pub Date : 2022-08-17 DOI: 10.1007/s40641-022-00184-8

M. Dickau, H. Matthews, K. Tokarska

引用次数: 3

The Potential of Peatlands as Nature-Based Climate Solutions 泥炭地作为基于自然的气候解决方案的潜力

IF 9.5 1区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Current climate change reports

Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.1007/s40641-022-00183-9

M. Strack, S. Davidson, T. Hirano, Christian Dunn

引用次数: 14

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