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Packaged science? Incumbent strategies of science capture from a power perspective 包装科学?从权力角度看现存的科学俘获战略
IF 5.7 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.eist.2024.100931
Nur Gizem Yalçın , Erik Paredis , Melanie Jaeger-Erben
Transitions to a circular economy in Europe have not accelerated despite being a priority of the Green Deal. One reason behind the slow uptake is the active resistance by incumbent actors. This article explores the case of Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation to uncover resistance and capture strategies of incumbent single-use and takeaway industry actors that succeeded in reducing the ambition of the policy. Building on lobbying databases, and document and media analysis, the article uncovers strategies of using the legitimacy of science to exert influence. It shows how incumbents created doubts about the evidence base and produced their own scientific messaging; presents the ways they legitimised their role as scientific stakeholders in institutional settings; and examines the approach they took to align their interests with the policymakers’ expectations. It analyses these strategies from a power perspective to investigate the complexity of capture and to provide a discussion on the mechanisms that reinforce deep-rooted patterns of incumbency.
在欧洲,尽管向循环经济转型是 "绿色政 策 "的优先事项,但这一进程并未加快。其背后的一个原因是现有参与者的积极抵制。本文探讨了《包装和包装废弃物管理条例》的案例,揭示了现有一次性使用和外卖行业参与者的抵制和俘获策略,这些策略成功地降低了政策的雄心。文章以游说数据库、文件和媒体分析为基础,揭示了利用科学合法性施加影响的策略。文章展示了在职者如何对证据基础产生怀疑,并制作自己的科学信息;介绍了在职者如何在制度环境中使自己作为科学利益相关者的角色合法化;并研究了在职者如何使自己的利益与政策制定者的期望相一致。报告从权力的角度分析了这些策略,研究了俘获的复杂性,并对强化根深蒂固的在位模式的机制进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
On the gendering of the early American electric car 早期美国电动汽车的性别化
IF 5.7 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.eist.2024.100934
Josef Taalbi
The role of gender relations in shaping technological transitions is widely acknowledged but remains understudied. This study uses historical data to analyze the gendering of early 20th century American cars and its consequences. Previous research has argued that early electric vehicles were construed as a women’s car, contributing to its demise. Other work has questioned to what extent automotive preferences were gendered. The results of this study suggest a partially new interpretation. Early advertisements for electrics targeted business and family men, challenging the view of cars as “adventure machines”. However, as electrics declined, producers turned to feminization to survive competition from gasoline cars, a response to declining market shares, rather than the opposite. This made electric cars part of a conservative separate spheres gender ideology. The results stress the co-construction of gender and technology and how gendering processes can create powerful lock-in effects and barriers to (sustainability) transitions.
性别关系在塑造技术转型中的作用已得到广泛认可,但对其研究仍然不足。本研究利用历史数据来分析 20 世纪初美国汽车的性别化及其后果。以往的研究认为,早期的电动汽车被视为女性用车,导致其消亡。其他研究则对汽车偏好的性别化程度提出了质疑。本研究的结果提出了部分新的解释。早期的电动汽车广告以商务和家庭男性为目标受众,挑战了汽车作为 "冒险机器 "的观点。然而,随着电动汽车的衰落,生产商转向了女性化,以应对汽油汽车的竞争,这是对市场份额下降的一种回应,而不是相反。这使得电动汽车成为保守的独立领域性别意识形态的一部分。研究结果强调了性别与技术的共同构建,以及性别化过程如何产生强大的锁定效应和(可持续性)转型障碍。
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引用次数: 0
Caring consumption and sustainability: Insights from household provisioning in the first ten years of motherhood 关爱消费与可持续性:从母亲头十年的家庭供应中获得的启示
IF 5.7 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.eist.2024.100932
Kate Burningham, Susan Venn
As primary sites of everyday consumption households play a key role in sustainability transitions. Yet neither everyday consumption nor what goes on within households have received much attention within the sustainability transitions literature. This paper contributes to this research gap by exploring how everyday practices of mothering intersect with aspects of the sustainability of everyday food provisioning. This is explored via longitudinal research with 10 women over a period of 10 years beginning when they were pregnant with their first child. Analysis considers engagement in both overtly ethical or environmental product choices and the adoption of online shopping- a mode of consumption which may be ‘inadvertently’ environmental. Analysis highlights that provisioning practices are profoundly relational and flexible, prioritising care, thrift and time management. Sustainability transitions need to adopt holistic discourses of sustainable living which embrace the relational character of everyday consumption and support affordable and feasible everyday practices of care.
作为日常消费的主要场所,家庭在可持续性转型中发挥着关键作用。然而,无论是日常消费还是家庭内部发生的事情,在可持续发展转型文献中都没有得到太多关注。本文通过探讨母亲的日常做法如何与日常食品供应的可持续性相互交织,从而弥补这一研究空白。本文通过对 10 名妇女从怀上第一个孩子开始的 10 年间的纵向研究进行探讨。分析既考虑了公开的道德或环保产品选择,也考虑了网上购物的采用--一种可能 "无意中 "环保的消费模式。分析突出表明,供应做法具有深刻的关系性和灵活性,优先考虑关爱、节俭和时间管理。可持续性转型需要采用可持续生活的整体论述,这种论述应包含日常消费的关系特性,并支持负担得起的、可行的日常护理实践。
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引用次数: 0
Technological innovation system analyses and sustainability Transitions: A literature review 技术创新系统分析与可持续性转型:文献综述
IF 5.7 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.eist.2024.100935
Dagmara Weckowska , Daniel Weiss , Carsten Schwäbe , Carsten Dreher
This paper reviews the literature on technological innovation systems (TIS) to explore how TIS studies have contributed to building the understanding of innovation processes driving sustainability transitions. We summarise the conceptual and methodological advancements in the TIS studies at three levels: (1) meso-level focused on TIS functions and structures; (2) macro-level explaining the TIS-context interactions; (3) micro-level elucidating the role of actors, agency and social interactions in a TIS. We argue that to improve the understanding of how innovation processes contribute to sustainability transitions, future TIS studies, at various levels, should further elaborate (1) the dynamics in mature and declining TISs, (2) the relation between TIS processes and structural change and (3) the directionality of socio-technical change. Such advancements in the field would enable more transformation-oriented policy recommendations from TIS studies.
本文回顾了有关技术创新系统(TIS)的文献,探讨了技术创新系统研究如何促进人们对推动可持续性转型的创新过程的理解。我们从三个层面总结了技术创新系统研究在概念和方法上的进步:(1) 中观层面关注技术创新系统的功能和结构;(2) 宏观层面解释技术创新系统与环境的相互作用;(3) 微观层面阐明技术创新系统中参与者、代理和社会互动的作用。我们认为,为了更好地理解创新过程如何促进可持续性转型,未来的技术创新研究应在不同层面进一步阐述:(1)成熟和衰退的技术创新系统的动态;(2)技术创新过程与结构变化之间的关系;(3)社会技术变革的方向性。该领域的这些进步将使技术与创新研究能够提出更多面向变革的政策建议。
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引用次数: 0
Cross-sector collaboration, nonprofit readiness, and sustainability transitions 跨部门合作、非营利组织准备就绪和可持续性转型
IF 5.7 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.eist.2024.100933
Yuhao Ba, Sreeja Nair, Mohnish Kedia
Cross-sector collaborations—partnerships between organizations from multiple sectors (e.g., the public and nonprofit and voluntary sectors)—are key to sustainability transitions yet remain understudied. In this study, we assess the readiness of nonprofit organizations for engaging in collaborative sustainability efforts. We develop and empirically validate a theoretical framework focusing on three key dimensions of readiness: awareness, capacity, and actions. Using an important yet less-studied empirical context of Singapore, and informed by evidence from thirty-nine in-depth interviews, our findings reveal that nonprofits in Singapore are generally aware of sustainability transition challenges and opportunities and possess important capacities such as organizational agility and digital adaptability. However, proactive actions remain limited, partially due to the predominant role of the state in sustainability action. Our research contributes to understanding the role of nonprofit and voluntary actors in collaborative efforts for sustainability transitions, offering valuable insights for strengthening a collaborative approach to sustainability transitions.
跨部门合作--来自多个部门(如公共部门、非营利部门和志愿服务部门)的组织之间的伙伴关系--是可持续发展转型的关键,但对其的研究仍然不足。在这项研究中,我们评估了非营利组织参与可持续发展合作的准备情况。我们建立了一个理论框架,并对其进行了实证验证,该框架侧重于准备程度的三个关键维度:意识、能力和行动。利用新加坡这一重要但研究较少的经验背景,并通过 39 个深入访谈的证据,我们的研究结果表明,新加坡的非营利组织普遍意识到了可持续发展转型的挑战和机遇,并拥有重要的能力,如组织灵活性和数字适应能力。然而,积极主动的行动仍然有限,部分原因是国家在可持续发展行动中的主导作用。我们的研究有助于了解非营利组织和志愿行动者在可持续发展转型合作中的作用,为加强可持续发展转型的合作方法提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Navigating sustainable transition processes at the local level: The case of Energy Island Bornholm 在地方层面引导可持续转型进程:博恩霍尔姆能源岛案例
IF 5.7 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.eist.2024.100930
Andreas Skriver Hansen, Jesper Manniche, Karin Topsø Larsen
The paper examines local sustainable transition processes related to the introduction of large-scale sustainable energy infrastructure projects in peripheralized areas, with a specific focus on understanding their role and complex development considerations, potentials, and dilemmas. Experiences are reported from the Danish `Energy Island Bornholm´, where a 3,8 GW offshore wind farm field is planned, potentially presenting new, local business and innovation opportunities, whilst raising concerns about local preparedness and capacity levels when undertaking a host role in such a massive project. The empirical base consists of qualitative data (observations and interviews) from a local development project running 2022–2023. Findings are analysed and discussed based on theoretical insights from literature on sustainable transition and peripheralization processes, resulting in four analytical dimensions: Local economic opportunities and green paths; Demography and work force dilemmas; Democracy and involvement; Governance and capacity building. The paper urges more comprehensive, comparative, and critical place-specific research on transition processes.
本文探讨了与在边缘化地区引入大规模可持续能源基础设施项目有关的地方可持续转型过程,特别侧重于了解其作用以及复杂的发展考虑因素、潜力和困境。报告介绍了丹麦 "博恩霍尔姆能源岛 "的经验,该岛计划建设一个 3.8 千兆瓦的海上风电场,这可能会给当地带来新的商业和创新机会,同时也会引起人们对当地在这样一个大型项目中扮演东道主角色时的准备情况和能力水平的关注。实证基础包括 2022-2023 年当地开发项目的定性数据(观察和访谈)。研究结果根据可持续转型和周边化进程文献中的理论见解进行了分析和讨论,形成了四个分析维度:地方经济机遇与绿色通道;人口与劳动力困境;民主与参与;治理与能力建设。本文敦促对转型过程进行更全面、更有可比性和更具批判性的地方研究。
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引用次数: 0
The dynamics of change towards sustainability in developing countries: Evidence from Ghana's Waste-to-Energy transition 发展中国家向可持续性转变的动力:加纳从废物向能源过渡的证据
IF 5.7 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.eist.2024.100928
Maria Tomai , George Papachristos , Shyama V. Ramani
This paper examines the role of transition factors in the emergence, upscaling, and diffusion of niche innovations in developing countries and juxtaposes them with the case study of a Waste-to-Energy socio-technical niche in the ongoing green transition of Ghana's waste management and energy systems. A systematic literature review of the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) and the Technological Innovation Systems (TIS) transition frameworks applications to developing countries identifies twenty-four categories of influential factors and produces four main inferences: (i) niche innovations and experiments that are often non-technological and are driven by urgent local needs, remain understudied; (ii) landscape factors strongly shape the selection, development, and spread of innovations; (iii) regimes are multimodal, with co-existing, interconnected technologies, rules, structures, and roles, causing tensions; and (iv) innovation systems rely heavily on external sources, and they lack cohesive selection, monitoring, and assessment mechanisms. This review is followed by the case study constructed using academic literature, government and programme documents as well as interviews with key stakeholders. The inferences of the literature review are validated and additionally the role of the twenty-four categories of transition factors is examined. Key landscape, regime and innovation system function factors are found to play both a positive and negative role in the green transition. Landscape factors are the strongest drivers, but the most challenging barriers can be from other levels too. A cooperative governance model at local and regional levels, with maximal access to knowledge for redesigning of technologies to local conditions and continuous communication with key stakeholders and communities is essential for successful transition.
本文探讨了转型因素在发展中国家利基创新的出现、升级和传播过程中的作用,并将其与加纳废物管理和能源系统正在进行的绿色转型中的废物变能源社会技术利基案例研究并列。对应用于发展中国家的多层次视角(MLP)和技术创新系统(TIS)转型框架进行了系统的文献综述,确定了二十四类影响因素,并得出了四个主要推论:(i) 利基创新和实验通常是非技术性的,由当地的迫切需求驱动,但对它们的研究仍然不足;(ii) 地形因素对创新的选择、发展和传播有很大影响;(iii) 制度是多模式的,技术、规则、结构和角色并存且相互关联,从而造成紧张关系;(iv) 创新体系严重依赖外部资源,缺乏有凝聚力的选择、监督和评估机制。文献综述之后是利用学术文献、政府和计划文件以及与主要利益相关者的访谈进行的案例研究。对文献综述的推论进行了验证,并对 24 类转型因素的作用进行了研究。研究发现,景观、制度和创新系统功能等关键因素在绿色转型中既起积极作用,也起消极作用。景观因素是最强的驱动力,但最具挑战性的障碍也可能来自其他层面。地方和区域层面的合作治理模式,最大限度地获取知识以根据当地条件重新设计技术,以及与主要利益相关者和社区的持续沟通,对于成功转型至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Ideas behind transformative innovation policy: Economists confronting missions and sustainability transition in Finland 转型创新政策背后的理念:经济学家面对芬兰的任务和可持续性转型
IF 5.7 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eist.2024.100927
Jussi Ahokas , Paavo Järvensivu , Tero Toivanen
The ideas that experts share and draw on shape policies across various spatial and temporal contexts. In this study, we use document analysis and expert interviews to examine the views and beliefs of one important group of experts, economists, on mission-oriented innovation policy and sustainability transition in Finland. As a result, we outline the epistemic landscape that for its part conditions the progress of transformative innovation policy in Finland. While sustainability scholars have been intrigued by the promises of mission-oriented thinking, our findings suggest that they should acknowledge the epistemic limits of communities of economists regarding missions and transformative innovation policy as political vehicles to advance sustainability transition.
专家们所分享和借鉴的观点决定着不同时空背景下的政策。在本研究中,我们利用文献分析和专家访谈,考察了一个重要的专家群体--经济学家--对芬兰以使命为导向的创新政策和可持续性转型的看法和信念。由此,我们勾勒出了芬兰转型创新政策进展的认识景观。虽然可持续发展学者对使命导向型思维的前景充满信心,但我们的研究结果表明,他们应该承认经济学家群体在使命和转型创新政策方面的认识论局限性,将其作为推动可持续发展转型的政治工具。
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引用次数: 0
Hibernation of off-grid solar e-waste in Kenya: An unintended response to an emerging waste issue 肯尼亚离网太阳能电子废物的冬眠:对新出现的废物问题的无意回应
IF 5.7 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.eist.2024.100926
Godwin Opinde , Christine Majale , Ivan Nygaard
Off-grid solar devices enables a transition to green energy. With this transition however, there is generation of electronic waste and concerns about its management. Currently most solar e-waste ends up 'hibernating' or stored at home, while only a minor share is recycled. Through a mixed method approach, this paper addresses underlying causes of hibernation. It develops a new framework to shed light on elements at the interplay between economic, emotional and symbolic reasoning explaining off grid solar e-waste hibernation in rural homes in Kenya. It finds that 72 % of waste hibernates and that the hibernation potential increases with decreasing economic value and with increasing symbolic and emotional meanings. Hibernation period is anticipated to increase with an ageing stock of devices. Thus, while better products, repair and recycling are long-term solutions, hibernation offers an 'unintended' intermediate solution to the problem of broken devices, which might otherwise be disposed of.
离网太阳能设备实现了向绿色能源的过渡。然而,在过渡的同时,也产生了电子垃圾,其管理也令人担忧。目前,大多数太阳能电子垃圾都 "冬眠 "或存放在家中,只有一小部分被回收利用。通过混合方法,本文探讨了 "冬眠 "的根本原因。它建立了一个新的框架,以揭示经济、情感和象征性原因之间的相互作用,从而解释肯尼亚农村家庭中太阳能电子垃圾的冬眠现象。研究发现,72% 的废弃物会冬眠,而冬眠的可能性会随着经济价值的降低、象征意义和情感意义的增加而增加。随着设备的老化,冬眠期预计会延长。因此,虽然更好的产品、维修和回收利用是长期解决方案,但冬眠为破损设备问题提供了一个 "无意 "的中间解决方案,否则这些设备可能会被丢弃。
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引用次数: 0
Learning to (not quite) buy nothing: Digital gift economies and household innovations reducing consumption 学会(不完全)什么都不买:减少消费的数字礼物经济和家庭创新
IF 5.7 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.eist.2024.100929
Madeline Taylor, Paige Street
The daunting task of swiftly transitioning to sustainable modes of living presents a formidable challenge, particularly at individual and household levels, where entrenched consumption and disposal systems exhibit strong path dependency. This research investigates how individuals and households can contribute to sustainability transitions through grassroots innovations. Specifically, we ask: How do digital gift economies facilitate changes in household consumption practices and contribute to broader sustainability transitions? To address this question, we present an instructional case study of the Buy Nothing Project (BNP), a globally scaled yet locally focused digital gift economy, as a grassroots innovation enabling citizen agency within domestic spaces. BNP is a socio-technical network of hyperlocal, digital gift-giving groups that advocate for community reliance and generosity to reduce household consumption and waste and build neighbourhood bonds. Our analysis reveals that BNP's most revolutionary aspect lies in the embedded everyday sustainability practices it facilitates, particularly the social learning to reduce consumption at individual, household, and community levels through group participation and ongoing membership. We argue that this grassroots innovation enables citizen agency within domestic spaces, contributing significantly to sustainability transitions. Paradoxically, the ordinariness of these practices, combined with the gendered composition of members and that acquiring and disposing of household goods is usually considered “women's work”, may hinder recognition of BNP's potential as a powerful catalyst for sustainable transitions. This study contributes to our understanding of how digital platforms can support household-level innovations in sustainability practices and highlights the importance of recognising and valuing diverse forms of contribution to sustainability transitions.
迅速过渡到可持续的生活模式是一项艰巨的任务,尤其是在个人和家庭层面,根深蒂固的消费和处理系统表现出强烈的路径依赖。本研究探讨了个人和家庭如何通过基层创新促进可持续发展转型。具体来说,我们要问:数字礼品经济如何促进家庭消费习惯的改变,并推动更广泛的可持续转型?为了解决这个问题,我们介绍了一个关于 "什么都不买项目"(BNP)的指导性案例研究,该项目是一个全球规模但以本地为重点的数字礼品经济,是一种在家庭空间中实现公民能动性的草根创新。BNP 是一个由超本地化的数字礼品赠送团体组成的社会技术网络,倡导社区依赖和慷慨解囊,以减少家庭消费和浪费,建立邻里关系。我们的分析表明,BNP 最具革命性的地方在于它所促进的嵌入式日常可持续发展实践,特别是通过团体参与和持续会员制在个人、家庭和社区层面减少消费的社会学习。我们认为,这种草根创新使公民能够在家庭空间中发挥能动作用,为可持续发展转型做出了重大贡献。矛盾的是,这些做法的普通性,加上成员的性别构成,以及获取和处理家庭用品通常被视为 "妇女的工作",可能会阻碍人们认识到 BNP 作为可持续转型的强大催化剂的潜力。这项研究有助于我们了解数字平台如何支持家庭层面的可持续做法创新,并强调了承认和重视对可持续转型做出贡献的各种形式的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
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Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions
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