Abstract One hundred seventy-four water bear specimens and 16 eggs (Phylum Tardigrada) were collected from mosses and lichens in South Carolina, representing eight genera and 12 species. Some species could only be identified to species group. Nine species or species groups were new records for South Carolina and two were new for the United States. Echiniscus danieli sp. nov. is described from moss and lichen collected from trees on the campus of the University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, southeastern U.S.A. The species belongs to the Echiniscus bigranulatus group; its dorsal plate cuticle structure consists of true pores, pillars, and granulation. It differs from other species in the group in lacking basal spurs on any of its claws and in the weak development of dentate collars on the fourth legs (i.e., dentate collar absent, or present with few or no teeth). The bigranulatus group has been considered Neotropical and Antarctic in distribution. The presence of Echiniscus danieli sp. nov. in Nearctic North America therefore expands its confirmed geographical range.
{"title":"New water bear records (Phylum Tardigrada) from South Carolina, southeastern USA, with the description of Echiniscus danieli sp. nov. (Heterotardigrada, Echiniscidae, bigranulatus group)","authors":"H. Meyer, Martha Tsaliki, Brently Sorgee","doi":"10.2988/16-00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/16-00009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One hundred seventy-four water bear specimens and 16 eggs (Phylum Tardigrada) were collected from mosses and lichens in South Carolina, representing eight genera and 12 species. Some species could only be identified to species group. Nine species or species groups were new records for South Carolina and two were new for the United States. Echiniscus danieli sp. nov. is described from moss and lichen collected from trees on the campus of the University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, southeastern U.S.A. The species belongs to the Echiniscus bigranulatus group; its dorsal plate cuticle structure consists of true pores, pillars, and granulation. It differs from other species in the group in lacking basal spurs on any of its claws and in the weak development of dentate collars on the fourth legs (i.e., dentate collar absent, or present with few or no teeth). The bigranulatus group has been considered Neotropical and Antarctic in distribution. The presence of Echiniscus danieli sp. nov. in Nearctic North America therefore expands its confirmed geographical range.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2988/16-00009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46430723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. C. Reyes, T. Ingicco, Philip J. Piper, N. Amano, A. Pawlik
Abstract The Ilin cloud rat Crateromys paulus, identified from a single individual in 1981 and collected from an undocumented location in Ilin Island, Mindoro, Philippines, is now considered to be “data deficient” and possibly extinct. 96 murid dental fossil remains were recently recovered within a two-meter excavation of well stratified and chronometrically dated deposits at the archaeological sites of Bubog I and Bubog II on Ilin Island. Research on these well-preserved murid rodent remains confirms the past presence of C. paulus on Ilin Island and describes for the first time variability in dental morphology of this species. The succession of fossils within the detailed stratigraphic sequence also provides us with information on C. paulus throughout the Holocene and on its possible recent extinction.
1981年在菲律宾民都洛岛伊林云鼠(Ilin cloud rat Crateromys paulus)的一个未记录地点发现的单一个体，目前被认为“数据不足”，可能已经灭绝。最近，在伊林岛Bubog I和Bubog II考古遗址进行的一项两米深的挖掘中，发现了96具murid牙齿化石遗骸，这些沉积物分层良好，年代确定。对这些保存完好的啮齿动物遗骸的研究证实了过去在伊林岛上存在着泡囊鼠，并首次描述了该物种牙齿形态的变异性。在详细的地层层序内的化石序列也为我们提供了关于全新世泡螺及其最近可能灭绝的信息。
{"title":"First fossil evidence of the extinct Philippine cloud rat Crateromys paulus (Muridae: Murinae: Phloeomyini) from Ilin Island, Mindoro, and insights into its Holocene abundance","authors":"M. C. Reyes, T. Ingicco, Philip J. Piper, N. Amano, A. Pawlik","doi":"10.2988/17-00012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/17-00012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Ilin cloud rat Crateromys paulus, identified from a single individual in 1981 and collected from an undocumented location in Ilin Island, Mindoro, Philippines, is now considered to be “data deficient” and possibly extinct. 96 murid dental fossil remains were recently recovered within a two-meter excavation of well stratified and chronometrically dated deposits at the archaeological sites of Bubog I and Bubog II on Ilin Island. Research on these well-preserved murid rodent remains confirms the past presence of C. paulus on Ilin Island and describes for the first time variability in dental morphology of this species. The succession of fossils within the detailed stratigraphic sequence also provides us with information on C. paulus throughout the Holocene and on its possible recent extinction.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2988/17-00012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42867210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A new species of harpacticoid copepod, Halectinosoma foveolata, was described from sandy sediments on several intertidal areas of Korea. This new species is mostly similar to H. dimorphum Coull, 1970, but differs from the latter by the following characteristics combined: (1) the third segment of antennule is longest; (2) the first exopodal segment of antenna has a row of spinules; (3) the mandibular gnathobase is composed of chitinous teeth without dorsal seta; (4) the female P5 has an incomplete boundary between the exopod and the baseoendopod; (5) the female P5 baseoendopod has two rows of spinules. We also discuss the state of H. arenicola sensu Itô (1973), reported from the Japanese coast, which is considered here a synonym with the new species.
摘要在韩国几个潮间带的沙质沉积物中，描述了一种新的叉状桡足类，即小凹Halectinosoma。该新种与H.dimorphum Coull（1970）最相似，但与后者的不同之处在于：（1）触角的第三节最长；（2） 天线的第一节外节具有一排小刺；（3） 下颌颚化酶由没有背刚毛的壳状牙齿组成；（4） 雌性P5在外足和基底足之间具有不完整的边界；（5） 雌性P5基足有两排小刺。我们还讨论了来自日本海岸的H.arenicola sensu Itô（1973）的状况，它在这里被认为是新物种的同义词。
{"title":"A new species of the genus Halectinosoma (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Ectinosomatidae) from Korea","authors":"Jong Guk Kim, Tae Won Jung, S. Yoon","doi":"10.2988/15-00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/15-00020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A new species of harpacticoid copepod, Halectinosoma foveolata, was described from sandy sediments on several intertidal areas of Korea. This new species is mostly similar to H. dimorphum Coull, 1970, but differs from the latter by the following characteristics combined: (1) the third segment of antennule is longest; (2) the first exopodal segment of antenna has a row of spinules; (3) the mandibular gnathobase is composed of chitinous teeth without dorsal seta; (4) the female P5 has an incomplete boundary between the exopod and the baseoendopod; (5) the female P5 baseoendopod has two rows of spinules. We also discuss the state of H. arenicola sensu Itô (1973), reported from the Japanese coast, which is considered here a synonym with the new species.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2988/15-00020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45079790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Two new species of Mesocletodes were identified and described from the samples collected for an ecological study of benthic meiofauna in the bathyal zone of San Diego Trough (Southern California Continental Borderland, Pacific margin). Mesocletodes tetrasetosus appears to be closely related to M. langi and M. ameliae by sharing five setae in the endopod of mandibular palp. However, M. tetrasetosus differs from both congeners in the following features: (1) the second segment of antenna with seven setae, (2) the exopod of mandibular palp with two setae, (3) the terminal margin of praecoxal arthrite of maxilla with eight elements, (4) the basis of maxilla with a total of six setae, (5) the syncoxa of maxilliped with a strong or robust bipinnate seta, (6) the P1 enp-1 with an inner seta, (7) the P1 enp-2 innermost distal seta and distal spine are translocated, (6) the P3–P4 endopod with total of 4:3 elements, (7) the P5 endopod outermost seta three times as long as in M. ameliae, (8) the P5 endopod medial and innermost setae are sub equal, and (9) the caudal rami is as long as the last two urosomites. Mesocletodes nudus is closely related to M. fladensis by the presence of an outer spine along the midlength of P1 exp-1, and the P1 exp-3 distal outer element is almost as long as the exopod. However, M. nudus can be distinguished by the following character states: (1) the A1 with six segments, (2) the P4 enp-2 both distal setae are equal in length, (3) the P4 exp-3 outer spines are almost 0.5 times longer than in M. fladensis, (4) the P5 exopod with a total of three elements, (5) the P5 endopod inner distal seta is relatively slender and flexible, (6) the P5 exopod is reduced to half in its length and width, and (7) the P5 baseoendopod is represented by a transversely elongated plate, rectangular in shape. In addition, a key to the species of Mesocletodes including both new species is provided.
{"title":"Two new species of the genus Mesocletodes (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Argestidae) from the Pacific Ocean, San Diego Trough","authors":"Vinod Vakati, D. Thistle, Wonchoel Lee","doi":"10.2988/16-00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/16-00013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Two new species of Mesocletodes were identified and described from the samples collected for an ecological study of benthic meiofauna in the bathyal zone of San Diego Trough (Southern California Continental Borderland, Pacific margin). Mesocletodes tetrasetosus appears to be closely related to M. langi and M. ameliae by sharing five setae in the endopod of mandibular palp. However, M. tetrasetosus differs from both congeners in the following features: (1) the second segment of antenna with seven setae, (2) the exopod of mandibular palp with two setae, (3) the terminal margin of praecoxal arthrite of maxilla with eight elements, (4) the basis of maxilla with a total of six setae, (5) the syncoxa of maxilliped with a strong or robust bipinnate seta, (6) the P1 enp-1 with an inner seta, (7) the P1 enp-2 innermost distal seta and distal spine are translocated, (6) the P3–P4 endopod with total of 4:3 elements, (7) the P5 endopod outermost seta three times as long as in M. ameliae, (8) the P5 endopod medial and innermost setae are sub equal, and (9) the caudal rami is as long as the last two urosomites. Mesocletodes nudus is closely related to M. fladensis by the presence of an outer spine along the midlength of P1 exp-1, and the P1 exp-3 distal outer element is almost as long as the exopod. However, M. nudus can be distinguished by the following character states: (1) the A1 with six segments, (2) the P4 enp-2 both distal setae are equal in length, (3) the P4 exp-3 outer spines are almost 0.5 times longer than in M. fladensis, (4) the P5 exopod with a total of three elements, (5) the P5 endopod inner distal seta is relatively slender and flexible, (6) the P5 exopod is reduced to half in its length and width, and (7) the P5 baseoendopod is represented by a transversely elongated plate, rectangular in shape. In addition, a key to the species of Mesocletodes including both new species is provided.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2988/16-00013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43483909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Examination of the description and illustrations of Rhabdocheirus incertus Bonnier, 1898, shows that this taxon, originally described as an epicaridean isopod, is the pantochelis larval stage of a hyperiid amphipod belonging to the genus Vibilia H. Milne Edwards, 1830. Evidence is provided to support the synonymy of R. incertus with V. armata Bovallius, 1887 and Rhabdochiridae Richardson, 1905 with Vibiliidae Dana, 1852.
{"title":"The “parasitic isopod” Rhabdocheirus incertus Bonnier, 1898, is a pantochelis stage of a hyperiid amphipod (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea: Physocephalata)","authors":"C. Boyko","doi":"10.2988/16-00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/16-00014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Examination of the description and illustrations of Rhabdocheirus incertus Bonnier, 1898, shows that this taxon, originally described as an epicaridean isopod, is the pantochelis larval stage of a hyperiid amphipod belonging to the genus Vibilia H. Milne Edwards, 1830. Evidence is provided to support the synonymy of R. incertus with V. armata Bovallius, 1887 and Rhabdochiridae Richardson, 1905 with Vibiliidae Dana, 1852.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2988/16-00014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49173350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The female of Heteromysoides simplex Hanamura & Kase, 2001 is described for the first time based on material collected from a submarine cave on Ie-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan. Morphological descriptions and illustrations of this specimen are given.
{"title":"First description of the female of Heteromysoides simplex Hanamura & Kase, 2001 (Mysidacea: Mysidae) collected from a submarine cave on Ie-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan","authors":"M. Shimomura, Y. Fujita","doi":"10.2988/17-00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/17-00001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The female of Heteromysoides simplex Hanamura & Kase, 2001 is described for the first time based on material collected from a submarine cave on Ie-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan. Morphological descriptions and illustrations of this specimen are given.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2988/17-00001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69657336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q3.212
Vinod Vakati, T. Kihara, Wonchoel Lee
Abstract During a study of the harpacticoid copepods from the intertidal mudflat of Ganghwa Island, in the Yellow Sea of Korea, a new species of the genus Nannopus was discovered. Nannopus ganghwaensis shared the character of seven elements in P4 exp-3 with N. flexibilis Lilljeborg, 1902, N. didelphis Fiers & Kotwicki, 2013, and N. hirsutus Fiers & Kotwicki, 2013. However, the new species was clearly distinguished from the three congeners by the combination of the following character states: (1) absence of the integumental window on the dorsal surface of cephalothorax, (2) the lateral margins of urosomites is not densely hirsute, (3) the distal small seta of P4 endopod is naked, (4) the innermost seta of P5 exopod fused to the segment, (5) the inner most distal seta of P2 enp-2 is 1.7 times longer than the outer spine of its segment, and (6) caudal seta IV slightly inflated at its insertion site, and pinnate. Additionally, the male of new species differed from N. didelphis by the following characters: (1) the P2 exp-2 with an inner seta, (2) the inner most seta of P2 enp-2 is pinnate, (3) the distal pinnate seta of P3 enp-2 is 2.6 times longer than the one in N. didelphis, (4) P6 is asymmetrical with one spermatophore at one side, and without a notch at the distal margin of P6. The male of new species also differed from N. flexibilis in having the sharper distal apophysis in P3 enp-2. A key to the species of Nannopus including new species and eight valid congeners is provided.
{"title":"A new species of the genus Nannopus (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Nannopodidae) from the mudflat of Ganghwa Island, Korea","authors":"Vinod Vakati, T. Kihara, Wonchoel Lee","doi":"10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q3.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q3.212","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract During a study of the harpacticoid copepods from the intertidal mudflat of Ganghwa Island, in the Yellow Sea of Korea, a new species of the genus Nannopus was discovered. Nannopus ganghwaensis shared the character of seven elements in P4 exp-3 with N. flexibilis Lilljeborg, 1902, N. didelphis Fiers & Kotwicki, 2013, and N. hirsutus Fiers & Kotwicki, 2013. However, the new species was clearly distinguished from the three congeners by the combination of the following character states: (1) absence of the integumental window on the dorsal surface of cephalothorax, (2) the lateral margins of urosomites is not densely hirsute, (3) the distal small seta of P4 endopod is naked, (4) the innermost seta of P5 exopod fused to the segment, (5) the inner most distal seta of P2 enp-2 is 1.7 times longer than the outer spine of its segment, and (6) caudal seta IV slightly inflated at its insertion site, and pinnate. Additionally, the male of new species differed from N. didelphis by the following characters: (1) the P2 exp-2 with an inner seta, (2) the inner most seta of P2 enp-2 is pinnate, (3) the distal pinnate seta of P3 enp-2 is 2.6 times longer than the one in N. didelphis, (4) P6 is asymmetrical with one spermatophore at one side, and without a notch at the distal margin of P6. The male of new species also differed from N. flexibilis in having the sharper distal apophysis in P3 enp-2. A key to the species of Nannopus including new species and eight valid congeners is provided.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q3.212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69656753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-28DOI: 10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q3.195
SHIH-PIN Huang, I. Chen, K. Shao
Abstract A new species of gudgeon, Microphysogobio xianyouensis, is described from Mulan River in Fujian Province, southeastern China. M. xianyouensis appears to be closely related to M. brevirostris (Günther, 1868) of Taiwan. However, it can be well distinguished based on a combination of meristics, morphometric measurements, color pattern and molecular data. A molecular phylogenetic analysis of species of Microphysogobio from southeastern China and Taiwan based on concatenated mitochondrial Cyt b and D-loop genes is presented and tree topology strongly supports that M. xianyouensis as a distinct species and sister to M. brevirostris. Our molecular evidence agreed with Bănărescu's proposed taxonomic viewpoint, the tree topology reveals that the type species of the genus Huigobio, H. chenhsienensis, is nested within several valid species of Microphysogobio, and Huigobio is confirmed to be a junior synonym of the genus Microphysogobio.
{"title":"A new species of Microphysogobio (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from Fujian Province, China, and a molecular phylogenetic analysis of Microphysogobio species from southeastern China and Taiwan","authors":"SHIH-PIN Huang, I. Chen, K. Shao","doi":"10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q3.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q3.195","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A new species of gudgeon, Microphysogobio xianyouensis, is described from Mulan River in Fujian Province, southeastern China. M. xianyouensis appears to be closely related to M. brevirostris (Günther, 1868) of Taiwan. However, it can be well distinguished based on a combination of meristics, morphometric measurements, color pattern and molecular data. A molecular phylogenetic analysis of species of Microphysogobio from southeastern China and Taiwan based on concatenated mitochondrial Cyt b and D-loop genes is presented and tree topology strongly supports that M. xianyouensis as a distinct species and sister to M. brevirostris. Our molecular evidence agreed with Bănărescu's proposed taxonomic viewpoint, the tree topology reveals that the type species of the genus Huigobio, H. chenhsienensis, is nested within several valid species of Microphysogobio, and Huigobio is confirmed to be a junior synonym of the genus Microphysogobio.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2016-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q3.195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69656008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q2.173
Aryeh H. Miller, G. Zug
Abstract Psammodynastes pulverulentus occurs widely and is moderately abundant in the forests of Myanmar. The species shows morphological uniformity throughout its distribution from Kachin-Sagaing to Tanintharyi. Although there are no size differences among adult females (mean = 326, 253–436 mm SVL) and males (322, 222–471 mm SVL), a few morphological features are sexually dimorphic: adult females have shorter tails than adult males (TailL/TotL means ♀♀ 17%, ♂♂ 20%) and relative head width and eye diameter are slightly larger in males. The number of ventral and subcaudal scales are only slightly different between females and males (median ventral, ♀♀ 158.5, ♂♂ 159; subcaudals, 54, 59.5, although significantly different). Our smaller Thai sample displayed the same pattern of variation in measurements and scalation as the Burmese sample. We developed a coding scheme for coloration and qualitatively demonstrate dimorphism in the Burmese sample; females are darker ventrally than males but females and males are the same dorsally. Other coloration traits are also dimorphic. In our Burmese sample, the number of adult males (n = 21) outnumbered females (18). Adult females were most abundant in the 251–300 mm SVL size class, males of near equal abundance in 201–250, 251–300, and 301–350 mm size classes. Relative to other Burmese snakes, P. pulverulentus ranked eighth in abundance, nearly equal number in frequency of occurrence with Dendrelaphis pictus. Our reproductive data do not clearly define reproductive periodicity and, based on large vitellogenic follicles, a likely clutch/litter size of 4 to 7. Although only 30% of our sample contained identifiable prey (frogs, lizards), most (67%) had digestive boluses in the lower half of the intestinal tract. Skinks were the dominant lizard prey and Limnonectes the dominant anurans. Uniformity or at least low differentiation between our Burmese and Thai samples and the results of Rasmussen (1975) advocate for the continued acceptance of the pan-Asian species concept for Psammodynastes pulverulentus.
{"title":"Morphology and biology of the Asian Common Mockviper, Psammodynastes pulverulentus (Boie, 1827) (Serpentes: Lamprophiidae): a focus on Burmese populations","authors":"Aryeh H. Miller, G. Zug","doi":"10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q2.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q2.173","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Psammodynastes pulverulentus occurs widely and is moderately abundant in the forests of Myanmar. The species shows morphological uniformity throughout its distribution from Kachin-Sagaing to Tanintharyi. Although there are no size differences among adult females (mean = 326, 253–436 mm SVL) and males (322, 222–471 mm SVL), a few morphological features are sexually dimorphic: adult females have shorter tails than adult males (TailL/TotL means ♀♀ 17%, ♂♂ 20%) and relative head width and eye diameter are slightly larger in males. The number of ventral and subcaudal scales are only slightly different between females and males (median ventral, ♀♀ 158.5, ♂♂ 159; subcaudals, 54, 59.5, although significantly different). Our smaller Thai sample displayed the same pattern of variation in measurements and scalation as the Burmese sample. We developed a coding scheme for coloration and qualitatively demonstrate dimorphism in the Burmese sample; females are darker ventrally than males but females and males are the same dorsally. Other coloration traits are also dimorphic. In our Burmese sample, the number of adult males (n = 21) outnumbered females (18). Adult females were most abundant in the 251–300 mm SVL size class, males of near equal abundance in 201–250, 251–300, and 301–350 mm size classes. Relative to other Burmese snakes, P. pulverulentus ranked eighth in abundance, nearly equal number in frequency of occurrence with Dendrelaphis pictus. Our reproductive data do not clearly define reproductive periodicity and, based on large vitellogenic follicles, a likely clutch/litter size of 4 to 7. Although only 30% of our sample contained identifiable prey (frogs, lizards), most (67%) had digestive boluses in the lower half of the intestinal tract. Skinks were the dominant lizard prey and Limnonectes the dominant anurans. Uniformity or at least low differentiation between our Burmese and Thai samples and the results of Rasmussen (1975) advocate for the continued acceptance of the pan-Asian species concept for Psammodynastes pulverulentus.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q2.173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69655250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-04DOI: 10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q2.164
Robert Lasley, C. L. Ames, Robert B. Erdman, Sheri L. Parks, A. Collins
Abstract Although observations of the box jellyfish Tripedalia cystophora have been widely documented since it was first recorded in Jamaica in 1897, to date there are no published reports of its occurrence in the Gulf of Mexico. Eighteen specimens of Tripedalia cystophora (Cubozoa: Tripedaliidae), 12 and 6, respectively, were collected from a mangrove waterway near Bonita Springs, Florida, in 2010 and a brackish canal in Englewood, Florida, in 2015. Additional records from Tampa Bay (2007–2015) and Everglades City (2015), Florida, were documented with photography. Within the past few years, new records of T. cystophora from other localities, including Hawai‘i, northern Australia, and the east coast of Florida, have been reported. This study represents the first published report of the species from the Gulf of Mexico. Several other species of cubozoans have been reported from the Gulf region, but the presence of three pedalia at each corner of the swimming bell (12 tentacles total), its small size up to 13 mm, and the presence of sexually dimorphic gonads, markedly distinguishes it from other cubozoan taxa.
{"title":"First record of the box jellyfish Tripedalia cystophora (Cnidaria: Cubozoa: Tripedaliidae) in the Gulf of Mexico","authors":"Robert Lasley, C. L. Ames, Robert B. Erdman, Sheri L. Parks, A. Collins","doi":"10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q2.164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q2.164","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although observations of the box jellyfish Tripedalia cystophora have been widely documented since it was first recorded in Jamaica in 1897, to date there are no published reports of its occurrence in the Gulf of Mexico. Eighteen specimens of Tripedalia cystophora (Cubozoa: Tripedaliidae), 12 and 6, respectively, were collected from a mangrove waterway near Bonita Springs, Florida, in 2010 and a brackish canal in Englewood, Florida, in 2015. Additional records from Tampa Bay (2007–2015) and Everglades City (2015), Florida, were documented with photography. Within the past few years, new records of T. cystophora from other localities, including Hawai‘i, northern Australia, and the east coast of Florida, have been reported. This study represents the first published report of the species from the Gulf of Mexico. Several other species of cubozoans have been reported from the Gulf region, but the presence of three pedalia at each corner of the swimming bell (12 tentacles total), its small size up to 13 mm, and the presence of sexually dimorphic gonads, markedly distinguishes it from other cubozoan taxa.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2016-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q2.164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69655239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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