Madison Gane, Ralph O. Johnson, Harry M. Maisch, Jason P. Schein
ABSTRACT. The heteromorphic ammonite Chesapeakiceras nodatum Kennedy and Cobban, 1993, has been known only from the late Santonian to early Campanian Merchantville Formation of the Atlantic Coastal Plain of the United States. Prior to this report, only three fragmentary specimens have been recovered from the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal in the state of Delaware, U.S.A. Here we describe a fourth specimen, NJSM GP23099, that is the most complete known fragment of C. nodatum and is the only existing specimen that has been recovered “in situ”. This demonstrates that the stratigraphic range of C. nodatum extends into the upper Merchantville Formation.
摘要异形菊石Chesapeakiceras nodatum Kennedy and Cobban, 1993，仅在美国大西洋沿岸平原的圣东期晚期至坎帕尼亚期早期的Merchantville组中发现。在此报告之前，只有三个碎片标本在美国特拉华州的切萨皮克和特拉华运河中被发现，这里我们描述了第四个标本，NJSM GP23099，这是已知最完整的C. nodatum碎片，也是唯一一个在“原位”被发现的标本。这表明C. nodatum的地层范围延伸至上默彻特维尔组。
{"title":"Redescription of the rare Late Cretaceous ammonite Chesapeakiceras nodatum, from the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, USA","authors":"Madison Gane, Ralph O. Johnson, Harry M. Maisch, Jason P. Schein","doi":"10.1635/053.165.0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1635/053.165.0102","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The heteromorphic ammonite Chesapeakiceras nodatum Kennedy and Cobban, 1993, has been known only from the late Santonian to early Campanian Merchantville Formation of the Atlantic Coastal Plain of the United States. Prior to this report, only three fragmentary specimens have been recovered from the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal in the state of Delaware, U.S.A. Here we describe a fourth specimen, NJSM GP23099, that is the most complete known fragment of C. nodatum and is the only existing specimen that has been recovered “in situ”. This demonstrates that the stratigraphic range of C. nodatum extends into the upper Merchantville Formation.","PeriodicalId":54579,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia","volume":"165 1","pages":"13 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2016-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1635/053.165.0102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67547155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. Fasciolaria guyanensis n. sp. is described and differentiated from its nearest congeners F. hollisteri Weisbord, 1962 and F. tulipa Linnaeus, 1758 and from other congeners by its enlarged protoconch lacking axial riblets. The new species is known from Guyana, Suriname, Guyane and northeastern Brazil. A lectotype is designated for F. tulipa concolor Kobelt, 1876, which is considered a junior subjective synonym of F. tulipa.
{"title":"Fasciolaria guyanensis, a new species of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) from northeastern South America","authors":"W. Lyons, M. Snyder","doi":"10.1635/053.165.0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1635/053.165.0103","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. Fasciolaria guyanensis n. sp. is described and differentiated from its nearest congeners F. hollisteri Weisbord, 1962 and F. tulipa Linnaeus, 1758 and from other congeners by its enlarged protoconch lacking axial riblets. The new species is known from Guyana, Suriname, Guyane and northeastern Brazil. A lectotype is designated for F. tulipa concolor Kobelt, 1876, which is considered a junior subjective synonym of F. tulipa.","PeriodicalId":54579,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia","volume":"165 1","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2016-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1635/053.165.0103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67547167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. Teleostean otoliths have been recovered from the upper portion of the Woodbury Formation (early-middle Campanian) at the Stone Bridge locality in southern New Jersey, and their occurrence is highly significant for several reasons. First, otoliths are virtually unknown in the New Jersey Cretaceous since most of the formations have been extensively leached, which destroys the aragonitic otoliths. Second, the number of otoliths obtained from the Woodbury Formation is unprecedented with 3,555 specimens recovered, which represents the largest Cretaceous otolith assemblage ever described from North America. Finally, the otoliths are fairly well preserved allowing taxonomic assignment. These factors coupled with the early-middle Campanian age (approximately 83.6 ± 0.2 Ma to 77.9 ± 0.2 Ma) result in one of the oldest, most prolific fish assemblages represented by otoliths, not just in North America, but in the world. Otoliths may indicate the presence of at least 29 teleostean taxa representing 14 families including megalopids, albulids (including pterothrissids), gonostomatids, aulopids, paraulopids, trachichthyids, berycoids, pempherids, and several percomorphs. Sedimentological and paleontological data, including the otoliths, suggest a shallow, marine paleoenvironment (less than 100 m) influenced by major rivers and deltas. The evolutionary implications of the Woodbury otolith assemblage are quite important. Otoliths of percomorphs are present and provide evidence, not yet indicated by skeletal remains, that extend into the Campanian the known time ranges of several taxa. The Woodbury perciform otoliths corroborate several recent major molecular dating studies of teleosts (DNA sequencing of mitochondrial and nuclear genes with fossil age constraints). This study also represents the first systematic study of Cretaceous otoliths from New Jersey and contributes substantially to a better understanding of the Late Cretaceous teleosts in New Jersey.
{"title":"Woodbury Formation (Campanian) in New Jersey yields largest known Cretaceous otolith assemblage of teleostean fishes in North America","authors":"Gary L. Stringer, L. Oman, Robert F. Badger","doi":"10.1635/053.165.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1635/053.165.0101","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. Teleostean otoliths have been recovered from the upper portion of the Woodbury Formation (early-middle Campanian) at the Stone Bridge locality in southern New Jersey, and their occurrence is highly significant for several reasons. First, otoliths are virtually unknown in the New Jersey Cretaceous since most of the formations have been extensively leached, which destroys the aragonitic otoliths. Second, the number of otoliths obtained from the Woodbury Formation is unprecedented with 3,555 specimens recovered, which represents the largest Cretaceous otolith assemblage ever described from North America. Finally, the otoliths are fairly well preserved allowing taxonomic assignment. These factors coupled with the early-middle Campanian age (approximately 83.6 ± 0.2 Ma to 77.9 ± 0.2 Ma) result in one of the oldest, most prolific fish assemblages represented by otoliths, not just in North America, but in the world. Otoliths may indicate the presence of at least 29 teleostean taxa representing 14 families including megalopids, albulids (including pterothrissids), gonostomatids, aulopids, paraulopids, trachichthyids, berycoids, pempherids, and several percomorphs. Sedimentological and paleontological data, including the otoliths, suggest a shallow, marine paleoenvironment (less than 100 m) influenced by major rivers and deltas. The evolutionary implications of the Woodbury otolith assemblage are quite important. Otoliths of percomorphs are present and provide evidence, not yet indicated by skeletal remains, that extend into the Campanian the known time ranges of several taxa. The Woodbury perciform otoliths corroborate several recent major molecular dating studies of teleosts (DNA sequencing of mitochondrial and nuclear genes with fossil age constraints). This study also represents the first systematic study of Cretaceous otoliths from New Jersey and contributes substantially to a better understanding of the Late Cretaceous teleosts in New Jersey.","PeriodicalId":54579,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia","volume":"165 1","pages":"15 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1635/053.165.0101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67547120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. James Bond (1900–1989), an ornithologist at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP), authored 150 publications dealing with the ornithology of the West Indies and the Americas. His “Field Guide to the Birds of the West Indies” was published beginning in 1947, with many subsequent editions. Between 1927 and 1977 he scientifically described 63 bird taxa, the types of which are located at ANSP and United States National Museum of Natural History (USNM). All his publications and type specimens are listed in this first James Bond bibliography.
{"title":"Bibliography of James Bond (1900–1989) - American ornithologist - with new taxa described","authors":"G. Aubrecht","doi":"10.1635/053.165.0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1635/053.165.0106","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. James Bond (1900–1989), an ornithologist at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP), authored 150 publications dealing with the ornithology of the West Indies and the Americas. His “Field Guide to the Birds of the West Indies” was published beginning in 1947, with many subsequent editions. Between 1927 and 1977 he scientifically described 63 bird taxa, the types of which are located at ANSP and United States National Museum of Natural History (USNM). All his publications and type specimens are listed in this first James Bond bibliography.","PeriodicalId":54579,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia","volume":"165 1","pages":"81 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1635/053.165.0106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67547253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. Some fasciolariid species of the eastern Pacific Ocean from western Mexico to Alaska are discussed, with the description of the new genus Araiofusus gen. nov. and nine new species: Fusinus edjanssi sp. nov. from Cedros Island, Pacific coast of Baja California to San Hipolito Point, Pacific coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico; Fusinus laticlavius sp. nov. from deep water off Danzante Island, western Gulf of California, Baja California Sur, Mexico; Fusinus seriatus sp. nov. from the Pacific coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico; Fusinus euekes sp. nov. from the eastern Gulf of California, Mexico; Araiofusus araios sp. nov. from deep water in Monterey Bay to the Gorda Bank off Cabo San Luca, Mexico; Araiofusus eueides sp. nov. from Monterey Bay to Orange County and Catalina Island, south to Cedros Island, Pacific Baja California, Mexico; Harfordia chucksnelli sp. nov. from the Channel Islands and off Santa Barbara; Harfordia mcleani sp. nov. from Monterey County throughout the Channel Islands and south to Cedros Island and Barbarofusus guadalupensis sp. nov. from Guadalupe Island, Pacific Baja California, Mexico. A new name, Hesperaptyxis meridionalis, is proposed to replace the homonymous name Latirus melvilli Dall and Ochsner 1928 non Schepman, 1911, a Pliocene species from the Galapagos Islands. A lectotype is selected for the Recent species Fusus luteopictus Dall, 1877, and a neotype for the Pleistocene species Fusus barbarensis Trask 1855, the type species of Barbarofusus. Types of the previously-named species here assigned to Araiofusus, Harfordia and Barbarofusus are illustrated. Four new combinations are introduced: Araiofusus colpoicus (Dall, 1915), Harfordia arnoldi (Cossmann, 1903), H. robusta (Trask, 1855) and Barbarofusus kobelti (Dall, 1877). Most of the smaller fusinine species from this area not dealt with here were assigned to the genus Hesperaptyxis in a previous paper (Snyder and Vermeij, 2016).
{"title":"A new genus and nine new species in the Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea) from southern California and western Mexico","authors":"P. Callomon, M. Snyder","doi":"10.1635/053.165.0105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1635/053.165.0105","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. Some fasciolariid species of the eastern Pacific Ocean from western Mexico to Alaska are discussed, with the description of the new genus Araiofusus gen. nov. and nine new species: Fusinus edjanssi sp. nov. from Cedros Island, Pacific coast of Baja California to San Hipolito Point, Pacific coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico; Fusinus laticlavius sp. nov. from deep water off Danzante Island, western Gulf of California, Baja California Sur, Mexico; Fusinus seriatus sp. nov. from the Pacific coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico; Fusinus euekes sp. nov. from the eastern Gulf of California, Mexico; Araiofusus araios sp. nov. from deep water in Monterey Bay to the Gorda Bank off Cabo San Luca, Mexico; Araiofusus eueides sp. nov. from Monterey Bay to Orange County and Catalina Island, south to Cedros Island, Pacific Baja California, Mexico; Harfordia chucksnelli sp. nov. from the Channel Islands and off Santa Barbara; Harfordia mcleani sp. nov. from Monterey County throughout the Channel Islands and south to Cedros Island and Barbarofusus guadalupensis sp. nov. from Guadalupe Island, Pacific Baja California, Mexico. A new name, Hesperaptyxis meridionalis, is proposed to replace the homonymous name Latirus melvilli Dall and Ochsner 1928 non Schepman, 1911, a Pliocene species from the Galapagos Islands. A lectotype is selected for the Recent species Fusus luteopictus Dall, 1877, and a neotype for the Pleistocene species Fusus barbarensis Trask 1855, the type species of Barbarofusus. Types of the previously-named species here assigned to Araiofusus, Harfordia and Barbarofusus are illustrated. Four new combinations are introduced: Araiofusus colpoicus (Dall, 1915), Harfordia arnoldi (Cossmann, 1903), H. robusta (Trask, 1855) and Barbarofusus kobelti (Dall, 1877). Most of the smaller fusinine species from this area not dealt with here were assigned to the genus Hesperaptyxis in a previous paper (Snyder and Vermeij, 2016).","PeriodicalId":54579,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia","volume":"165 1","pages":"55 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1635/053.165.0105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67547220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. “Apteronotus” bonapartii (Castelnau 1855) was described based on a single specimen caught in a lake draining into the Río Ucayali, Perú, and is now reported from several rivers in South America. Because the generic placement of this species is currently uncertain, in this paper we use the genus name “Apteronotus” within quotes for reference to “Apteronotus” bonapartii (Castelnau, 1855) and “A.” apurensis Fernández-Yépez, 1968; we use the genus name without quotes for the more precise usage referring to a putatively monophyletic group including the type species (A. albifrons). “Apteronotus” bonapartii has a laterally compressed body, subterminal mouth with the rictus passing the eyes and teeth present in both jaws. The species has been differentiated from others placed in the genus by the low number of scale rows (5–8) above the lateral line. There is substantial intraspecific variation among specimens, in part associated with pronounced sexual dimorphism in head shape. We describe aspects of the morphology and cranial osteology of 52 specimens of “A.” bonapartii from Central Amazon and 12 specimens from other localities in the Amazon and Orinoco basins including the holotype from Río Ucayali. Males have slightly longer facial dimensions than females, and the holotype appears to fit on the male growth trajectory. Specimens from Napo, Metica, Orituco and Apure rivers are similar to specimens from the Central Amazon and the holotype. There is sexual dimorphism in the structure of the lower jaw, including its overall shape and profile (e.g., smooth curve of the dentary in males vs. a straight edge of the dentary in females), but no sexual dimorphism of teeth was noted. The postarticular portion of the lower jaw is formed equally by the anguloarticular and retroarticular. There is individual variation in the ossification of pharyngobranchial 4 and hypobranchial 4. We found no morphological differences between specimens of “A.” bonapartii from the Río Apure and the species described as “A.” apurensis Fernández-Yépez 1968.
{"title":"Identity of “Apteronotus” bonapartii (Castelnau, 1855), a sexually dimorphic South American knifefish from the Amazon, with notes on its cranial osteology and on the taxonomic status of “Apteronotus” apurensis Fernández-Yépez, 1968 (Gymnotiformes, Apteronotidae)","authors":"E. Hilton, Cristina Cox Fernandes","doi":"10.1635/053.165.0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1635/053.165.0109","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. “Apteronotus” bonapartii (Castelnau 1855) was described based on a single specimen caught in a lake draining into the Río Ucayali, Perú, and is now reported from several rivers in South America. Because the generic placement of this species is currently uncertain, in this paper we use the genus name “Apteronotus” within quotes for reference to “Apteronotus” bonapartii (Castelnau, 1855) and “A.” apurensis Fernández-Yépez, 1968; we use the genus name without quotes for the more precise usage referring to a putatively monophyletic group including the type species (A. albifrons). “Apteronotus” bonapartii has a laterally compressed body, subterminal mouth with the rictus passing the eyes and teeth present in both jaws. The species has been differentiated from others placed in the genus by the low number of scale rows (5–8) above the lateral line. There is substantial intraspecific variation among specimens, in part associated with pronounced sexual dimorphism in head shape. We describe aspects of the morphology and cranial osteology of 52 specimens of “A.” bonapartii from Central Amazon and 12 specimens from other localities in the Amazon and Orinoco basins including the holotype from Río Ucayali. Males have slightly longer facial dimensions than females, and the holotype appears to fit on the male growth trajectory. Specimens from Napo, Metica, Orituco and Apure rivers are similar to specimens from the Central Amazon and the holotype. There is sexual dimorphism in the structure of the lower jaw, including its overall shape and profile (e.g., smooth curve of the dentary in males vs. a straight edge of the dentary in females), but no sexual dimorphism of teeth was noted. The postarticular portion of the lower jaw is formed equally by the anguloarticular and retroarticular. There is individual variation in the ossification of pharyngobranchial 4 and hypobranchial 4. We found no morphological differences between specimens of “A.” bonapartii from the Río Apure and the species described as “A.” apurensis Fernández-Yépez 1968.","PeriodicalId":54579,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia","volume":"165 1","pages":"103 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1635/053.165.0109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67547327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. New fossils of “Gyracanthus” sherwoodi Newberry, 1889 are described primarily from the Late Devonian Red Hill site and Metzger's Quarry (Catskill Formation, late Famennian) of Clinton and Sullivan Counties in central Pennsylvania. The fossils include ornamented prepectoral ventral plates, pectoral, pelvic, and dorsal fin spines, elements of the endoskeletal shoulder girdle (procoracoid and scapulocoracoid), scales, and possible anal fin spines. We distinguish between anterior and posterior dorsal fin spines. A growth series of elements, described for the first time for a gyracanth, show that the adults of this taxon reached about a meter in length, and juveniles already had ossified endoskeletal pectoral elements at body lengths 300–400 mm. The mainly cartilaginous skeleton, paired fin spines, shoulder girdle structure, and scale growth are consistent with gyracanthids being stem chondrichthyans. “Gyracanthus” sherwoodi lived in non-marine conditions in the eastern Laurentian rivers and deltas.
{"title":"“Gyracanthus” sherwoodi (Gnathostomata, Gyracanthidae) from the Late Devonian of North America","authors":"D. Snyder, S. Turner, C. Burrow, E. Daeschler","doi":"10.1635/053.165.0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1635/053.165.0111","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. New fossils of “Gyracanthus” sherwoodi Newberry, 1889 are described primarily from the Late Devonian Red Hill site and Metzger's Quarry (Catskill Formation, late Famennian) of Clinton and Sullivan Counties in central Pennsylvania. The fossils include ornamented prepectoral ventral plates, pectoral, pelvic, and dorsal fin spines, elements of the endoskeletal shoulder girdle (procoracoid and scapulocoracoid), scales, and possible anal fin spines. We distinguish between anterior and posterior dorsal fin spines. A growth series of elements, described for the first time for a gyracanth, show that the adults of this taxon reached about a meter in length, and juveniles already had ossified endoskeletal pectoral elements at body lengths 300–400 mm. The mainly cartilaginous skeleton, paired fin spines, shoulder girdle structure, and scale growth are consistent with gyracanthids being stem chondrichthyans. “Gyracanthus” sherwoodi lived in non-marine conditions in the eastern Laurentian rivers and deltas.","PeriodicalId":54579,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia","volume":"165 1","pages":"195 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1635/053.165.0111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67546911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. The Ampullariidae Gray, 1824 constitute a family of freshwater caenogastropods predominantly distributed in humid tropical and subtropical habitats in Africa, South and Central America and Asia. They include the largest of all freshwater snails and frequently comprise a major portion of the native freshwater mollusc faunas of these regions. Ampullariid taxonomy is confused, primarily because most species were described on the basis of shell morphology alone, which is highly variable within species yet relatively conservative among species within the family. The need for rigorous taxonomic treatment of the group is acute and the basis for such research is comprehensive study of type material. With type or possible type material of 31 nominal species-group taxa of Ampullariidae, belonging to the genera Felipponea Dall, 1919 (1 taxon, South America), Lanistes Montfort, 1810 (6 taxa, Africa), Marisa Gray, 1824 (1, South America), Pila Röding, 1798 (1, Asia; 4 Africa), and Pomacea Perry, 1810 (17, South, Central, North America), as well as 1 incertae sedis taxon in New World Ampullariidae, the Academy of Natural Sciences has significant holdings, for which this annotated catalogue is provided. Information in each account includes original name and combination, citation to the original description, current taxonomic status, type material held by the Academy of Natural Sciences (holotypes, a neotype, paratypes, lectotypes, paralectotypes) with catalogue number(s) and number of specimens in each catalogue lot, type locality, collectors and dates of collection, and other remarks or additional information as appropriate. A lectotype is designated for Ampullaria pealiana Lea, 1838, and a neotype is designated for Pomacea paludosa flava Smith, 1937. All name-bearing types are illustrated.
{"title":"Types of Ampullariidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia","authors":"R. Cowie, E. Strong, G. Rosenberg, K. Hayes","doi":"10.1635/053.165.0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1635/053.165.0110","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The Ampullariidae Gray, 1824 constitute a family of freshwater caenogastropods predominantly distributed in humid tropical and subtropical habitats in Africa, South and Central America and Asia. They include the largest of all freshwater snails and frequently comprise a major portion of the native freshwater mollusc faunas of these regions. Ampullariid taxonomy is confused, primarily because most species were described on the basis of shell morphology alone, which is highly variable within species yet relatively conservative among species within the family. The need for rigorous taxonomic treatment of the group is acute and the basis for such research is comprehensive study of type material. With type or possible type material of 31 nominal species-group taxa of Ampullariidae, belonging to the genera Felipponea Dall, 1919 (1 taxon, South America), Lanistes Montfort, 1810 (6 taxa, Africa), Marisa Gray, 1824 (1, South America), Pila Röding, 1798 (1, Asia; 4 Africa), and Pomacea Perry, 1810 (17, South, Central, North America), as well as 1 incertae sedis taxon in New World Ampullariidae, the Academy of Natural Sciences has significant holdings, for which this annotated catalogue is provided. Information in each account includes original name and combination, citation to the original description, current taxonomic status, type material held by the Academy of Natural Sciences (holotypes, a neotype, paratypes, lectotypes, paralectotypes) with catalogue number(s) and number of specimens in each catalogue lot, type locality, collectors and dates of collection, and other remarks or additional information as appropriate. A lectotype is designated for Ampullaria pealiana Lea, 1838, and a neotype is designated for Pomacea paludosa flava Smith, 1937. All name-bearing types are illustrated.","PeriodicalId":54579,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia","volume":"15 1","pages":"175 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1635/053.165.0110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67546901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. A method for visualizing previously pigmented areas of the body with the employment of black-light spectrum bulbs is described. Under ultraviolet (UV) light, fish musculature fluoresces, whereas melanophores absorb incident light, revealing nearly lost contrast between once strongly and poorly pigmented areas of the body that has faded over time. Although a yet unknown extent of melanophore preservation is necessary to expose such contrast, the method was successful on a partially faded holotype of Characidium fasciadorsale Fowler, a nearly completely faded holotype of Characidium etheostoma Cope, and most remarkably for the blackened, previously mold-infested and nearly destroyed holotype of Holotaxis laetus Cope. In the latter case, the method also allowed better recognition of scale pockets on the skin.
{"title":"The Use of Ultraviolet Light as a Non-destructive Method for Revealing Fragments of Lost Pigmentation in Faded Alcohol-preserved Collection Specimens","authors":"A. L. Netto‐Ferreira, K. Luckenbill","doi":"10.1635/053.165.0112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1635/053.165.0112","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. \u0000 A method for visualizing previously pigmented areas of the body with the employment of black-light spectrum bulbs is described. Under ultraviolet (UV) light, fish musculature fluoresces, whereas melanophores absorb incident light, revealing nearly lost contrast between once strongly and poorly pigmented areas of the body that has faded over time. Although a yet unknown extent of melanophore preservation is necessary to expose such contrast, the method was successful on a partially faded holotype of Characidium fasciadorsale Fowler, a nearly completely faded holotype of Characidium etheostoma Cope, and most remarkably for the blackened, previously mold-infested and nearly destroyed holotype of Holotaxis laetus Cope. In the latter case, the method also allowed better recognition of scale pockets on the skin.","PeriodicalId":54579,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia","volume":"165 1","pages":"221 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1635/053.165.0112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67546968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Lundberg, D. Hendrickson, K. Luckenbill, Arce H. Mariangeles
ABSTRACT. The Widemouth Blindcat, Satan eurystomus Hubbs and Bailey 1947, was the second of four stygobitic species of Ictaluridae discovered in the subterranean waters of southern Texas and northeastern Mexico. The skeletal anatomy of Satan has been scarcely known from a few, dated radiographs. Using additional radiographs and high resolution CT-datasets for two well-ossified specimens, we applied high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (HRXCT) to visualize, illustrate and describe the bony skeleton of Satan. We also provide an online archive of still and animated tomographic images of the skeletal anatomy of this little-known species. The skeleton and soft anatomy of Satan are distinctive. Twelve skeletal autapomorphies are described that singularly distinguish Satan within Ictaluridae and, probably in combination, from all other catfishes. Some of these are reductive losses or simplifications of skull bones (e.g. loss of one infraorbital bone; reduced ornamentation of the pterotic bone) and joint complexity (e.g. simple overlapping frontal-lateral ethmoid articulation; loosely ligamentous interopercle-posterior ceratohyal joint). Some of the autapomorphies are anatomically and perhaps developmentally complex (e.g. a novel series of three midline joints closing a middle span of the posterior cranial fontanel; a deeply excavated temporal fossa and an unusually enlarged interhyal bone). The tiny dorsal-fin spinelet (first lepidotrich) of Satan has a novel peaked and twisted shape. Ten apparent and exclusive synapomorphies within Ictaluridae gathered from this and previous studies suggest that Satan and Pylodictis are closest relatives. Most of these are functionally related to prey detection and suction feeding: fusion of the symphyseal mandibular sensory pores and increase in the number of preoperculo-mandibular canal pores; depressed, flattened heads and wide transverse mouths; prominent posterior process of the lateral ethmoid alongside and below the frontal bone margin; vertical and blade-like supraoccipital posterior process; unique arrangement of the parasagittal and occipital muscleattachment crests on the skull roof; large triangular panel of integument within the operculum framed by the opercle, preopercle and interopercle bones; elongated posterior ceratohyal; and, form of the fourth supraneural and loss of its anterior nuchal plate. In contrast, 15 synapomorphies recovered by Arce-H. et al. 2016, are confirmed suggesting that Satan is one of the four stygobitic ictalurids comprising a “Troglobites” subclade within the family: (Trogloglanis, Satan, Prietella phreatophila, P. lundbergi). These features include three stygomorphic and reductive apomorphies that are exclusive within Ictaluridae: loss of fully developed eyes and pigmentation, and simplification of the fifth vertebra and its joint with the Weberian apparatus. Twelve other synapomorphies shown by the Troglobites are also apparent homoplasies of character states shared with
摘要宽口盲猫，撒旦eurystomus Hubbs和Bailey 1947，是在德克萨斯州南部和墨西哥东北部的地下水中发现的四种盲猫中的第二种。从几张过时的x光片上，人们对撒旦的骨骼解剖几乎一无所知。利用额外的x光片和高分辨率ct数据集对两个骨化良好的标本，我们应用高分辨率x射线计算机断层扫描(HRXCT)来可视化、说明和描述撒旦的骨骼。我们还提供了一个在线档案的静止和动画断层图像的骨骼解剖这个鲜为人知的物种。撒旦的骨骼和柔软的解剖结构是与众不同的。书中描述了十二种骨骼的自形性，它们独特地将撒旦与所有其他鲶鱼区分开来。其中一些是颅骨的还原性丢失或简化(例如一根眶下骨丢失;翼骨纹饰减少和关节复杂性(如单纯重叠的额外侧筛骨关节;松韧带的后角状关节)。一些自形畸形在解剖学上和发育上可能是复杂的(例如，一组新颖的三个中线关节闭合后颅囟的中间跨度;深挖的颞窝和异常增大的间骨)。撒旦的小背鳍小鳍鱼(第一种鳞翅目)有一个新颖的尖顶和扭曲的形状。从这一研究和先前的研究中收集到的伊塔乌科中十个明显的和独特的突触形态表明，撒旦和幽门炎是最近的亲戚。其中大多数与猎物探测和吸力进食功能有关:下颌联合感觉孔融合，盖前-下颌管孔数量增加;头部凹陷扁平，嘴巴横向宽;突出的外侧筛突在额骨缘旁边和下面;垂直和刃状枕上后突;头盖上的矢状旁肌和枕肌附着嵴的独特排列;被盖内的大三角形被盖，由骨盖、骨盖前和骨盖间构成;拉长后角状骨;第四神经膜上肌的形态以及颈前板的缺失。相反，Arce-H恢复了15个突触形态。et al. 2016，证实了撒旦是由“穴居动物”亚支系组成的四种穴居动物之一:(Trogloglanis, Satan, Prietella phreatophila, P. lundbergi)。这些特征包括三种在伊塔乌里亚科独有的茎突形态和还原性畸形:失去完全发育的眼睛和色素沉着，以及第五椎骨及其与韦伯器官的关节的简化。穴居人所显示的其他12种突触形态也明显是与其他各种异种动物共有的特征状态的同源性。这些特征包括侧线管缩短，眶下骨减少，翼骨、枕上骨、舌骨弓骨和经肩胛韧带骨化不发达或不完全。此外，Troglobites和各种其他的ictalurids有:一个附加的脂肪尾鳍，前颅囟缩短，额骨腹侧翼减少，下骨关节软骨代替骨;经肩胛韧带骨化不完全，部分后脑膜骨实变。完整的穴居人形态特征数据集的建立一直受到lundbergi猿类标本制备和研究不完整的阻碍，在较小程度上，也受到了phreatophila猿类和穴居人研究的阻碍。
{"title":"Satan's skeleton revealed: a tomographic and comparative osteology of Satan eurystomus, the subterranean Widemouth Blindcat (Siluriformes, Ictaluridae)","authors":"J. Lundberg, D. Hendrickson, K. Luckenbill, Arce H. Mariangeles","doi":"10.1635/053.165.0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1635/053.165.0108","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. \u0000 The Widemouth Blindcat, Satan eurystomus Hubbs and Bailey 1947, was the second of four stygobitic species of Ictaluridae discovered in the subterranean waters of southern Texas and northeastern Mexico. The skeletal anatomy of Satan has been scarcely known from a few, dated radiographs. Using additional radiographs and high resolution CT-datasets for two well-ossified specimens, we applied high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (HRXCT) to visualize, illustrate and describe the bony skeleton of Satan. We also provide an online archive of still and animated tomographic images of the skeletal anatomy of this little-known species. The skeleton and soft anatomy of Satan are distinctive. Twelve skeletal autapomorphies are described that singularly distinguish Satan within Ictaluridae and, probably in combination, from all other catfishes. Some of these are reductive losses or simplifications of skull bones (e.g. loss of one infraorbital bone; reduced ornamentation of the pterotic bone) and joint complexity (e.g. simple overlapping frontal-lateral ethmoid articulation; loosely ligamentous interopercle-posterior ceratohyal joint). Some of the autapomorphies are anatomically and perhaps developmentally complex (e.g. a novel series of three midline joints closing a middle span of the posterior cranial fontanel; a deeply excavated temporal fossa and an unusually enlarged interhyal bone). The tiny dorsal-fin spinelet (first lepidotrich) of Satan has a novel peaked and twisted shape. Ten apparent and exclusive synapomorphies within Ictaluridae gathered from this and previous studies suggest that Satan and Pylodictis are closest relatives. Most of these are functionally related to prey detection and suction feeding: fusion of the symphyseal mandibular sensory pores and increase in the number of preoperculo-mandibular canal pores; depressed, flattened heads and wide transverse mouths; prominent posterior process of the lateral ethmoid alongside and below the frontal bone margin; vertical and blade-like supraoccipital posterior process; unique arrangement of the parasagittal and occipital muscleattachment crests on the skull roof; large triangular panel of integument within the operculum framed by the opercle, preopercle and interopercle bones; elongated posterior ceratohyal; and, form of the fourth supraneural and loss of its anterior nuchal plate. In contrast, 15 synapomorphies recovered by Arce-H. et al. 2016, are confirmed suggesting that Satan is one of the four stygobitic ictalurids comprising a “Troglobites” subclade within the family: (Trogloglanis, Satan, Prietella phreatophila, P. lundbergi). These features include three stygomorphic and reductive apomorphies that are exclusive within Ictaluridae: loss of fully developed eyes and pigmentation, and simplification of the fifth vertebra and its joint with the Weberian apparatus. Twelve other synapomorphies shown by the Troglobites are also apparent homoplasies of character states shared with","PeriodicalId":54579,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia","volume":"165 1","pages":"117 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1635/053.165.0108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67547318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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