Ophthalmologe最新文献

Background: Annually recurring optometric screening helps to identify children with increased axial growth and also to create awareness for wearing properly corrected glasses and for spending enough time outdoors, both of which are crucial for healthy eyes. The obtained biometric data help to expand the epidemiological information on myopia in schoolchildren, which is fundamental for the selection of the correct treatment.

Material and methods: Contact-free biometry of the eye was used to assess central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and axial length. Central choroidal thickness was manually assessed using optical coherence tomography (OCT). In addition, the mesopic and photopic pupil sizes were measured.

Results: Biometric data were obtained from 257 (mean age 11.2 ± 1.1 years, 31.9% female, n = 82, 68.1% male, n = 175) out of a total of 274 examined children. Mean corneal radius (mean ± SD, female/male) was 7.74 ± 0.23 mm/7.89 ± 0.22 mm, central corneal thickness was 556.80 ± 31.31 µm/565.68 ± 33.12 µm, anterior chamber depth was 3.62 ± 0.28 mm/3.71 ± 0.25 mm, lens thickness was 3.48 ± 0.18 mm/3.46 ± 0.17 mm and axial length was 23.03 ± 0.88 mm/23.51 ± 0.88 mm. Choroidal thickness was assessed in 240 children and was 335.12 ± 60.5 µm. Mesopic and photopic pupil sizes were 6.38 ± 0.70 mm and 3.11 ± 0.63 mm, respectively.

Conclusion: The axial lengths found are consistent with the normal values for European children. A difference between male and female eyes could be observed. The repetition of these examinations in the future will enable the generation of growth charts.

Background: Cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) is a simple noninvasive and quickly available procedure for lowering intraocular pressure but due to its dreaded potential for complications it continues to play an outsider role in surgical treatment planning. The Micropulse-CPC promises to be a more tissue-friendly and less painful procedure and thus a lower rate of side effects.

Method: Retrospective evaluation of all patients who were treated with the Micropulse-CPC laser at the measurement times 1 day preoperatively, 2 days postoperatively, after 3 months and 6 months.

Results: Between 2018 and 2019 a total of 63 eyes in 46 patients were treated. The mean intraocular pressure in the total collective was 20.6 mm Hg before surgery and decreased to 13.5 mm Hg 2 days after surgery, 16.2 mm Hg after 3 months and 14.6 mm Hg after 6 months (p < 0.002). An average of 3.2 hypotensive substances were used preoperatively, 2.4 substances 2 days postoperatively, 2.6 substances after 3 months and 2.8 after 6 months (p < 0.001). The visual acuity (VA) before surgery was 0.59 logMAR, 2 days postoperatively VA was 0.60, after 3 months 0.59 and after 6 months VA was 0.5 (statistically not significant). A complication (subconjunctival bleeding) occurred intraoperatively and the postoperative complication rate was 0%.

Conclusion: Treatment with a Micropulse-CPC laser offers a gentle way of reducing pressure in a timely manner. The use of the Micropulse-CPC is advocated as a first surgical option as well as for patients with good visual acuity.

Background: There is largely a lack of clarity on the question of whether refraction or topography changes are to be expected after blepharoplasty, levator resection, or a lateral tarsal strip procedure.

Materials and methods: Therefore, in the present study, objective refraction, anterior eye segment tomography, and visual acuity tests were carried out pre- and postoperatively in 78 patients and then analyzed. The examination was carried out preoperatively, at suture removal after 10 days, and after 3 months.

Results: Neither after blepharoplasty nor after a lateral tarsal strip procedure were significant changes in vision or refraction seen in the topography. In contrast, the Wilcoxon sign test 10 days after levator resection showed a significant increase in the cylinder after 10 days compared to the preoperative level (p = 0.042). However, this change was no longer detectable after 3 months.

Conclusion: The authors postulate that extensive patient education with regard to temporary visual changes, particularly in the case of levator resections, is essential and that additional refraction and topography control can be useful postoperatively.