Nuclear Physics B最新文献

The gauge formulation of Einstein gravity in AdS₃ background leads to a boundary theory that breaks modular symmetry and loses the covariant form. We examine the Weyl anomaly for the cylinder and torus manifolds. The divergent term is the same as the Liouville theory when transforming from the cylinder to the sphere. The general Weyl transformation on the torus also reproduces the Liouville theory. The Weyl transformation introduces an additional boundary term for reproducing the Liouville theory, which allows the use of CFT techniques to analyze the theory. The torus partition function in this boundary theory is one-loop exact, and an analytical solution to disjoint two-interval Rényi-2 mutual information can be obtained. We also discuss a first-order phase transition for the separation length of two intervals, which occurs at the classical level but is smoothed out by non-perturbative effects captured by averaging over a modular group in the boundary theory.

My personal recollections are presented regarding my interactions with Steven Weinberg and the impact he had in my career from when I was his graduate student until the present.

The Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect is considered in the context of Generalized Electrodynamics (GE) by Podolsky and Bopp. GE is the only extension to Maxwell electrodynamics that is locally U(1)-gauge invariant, admits linear field equations and contains higher-order derivatives of the vector potential. GE admits both massless and massive modes for the photon. We recover the ordinary quantum phase shift of the AB effect, derived in the context of Maxwell electrodynamics, for the massless mode of the photon in GE. The massive mode induces a correction factor to the AB phase shift depending on the photon mass. We study both the magnetic AB effect and its electric counterpart. In principle, accurate experimental observations of AB the phase shift could be used to constrain GE photon mass.

In this paper, we consider the Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black hole to investigate the process of scalar wave scattering by the black hole in a spacetime of $(d+1)$ dimensions and also with the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). In this scenario, we analytically determine the phase shift and explore the effect of extra dimensions by calculating the differential scattering and absorption cross-section by applying the partial wave method at low and high-frequency limits. We show at high dimensions that the absorption is not zero as the mass parameter approaches zero.

We determine the algebra of holonomy symmetries of sigma models propagating on supersymmetric heterotic backgrounds with a non-compact holonomy group. We demonstrate that these close as a W-algebra, which in turn is specified by a Lie algebra structure on the space of covariantly constant forms that generate the holonomy symmetries. In addition, we identify the chiral anomalies associated with these symmetries. We argue that these anomalies are consistent and can be cancelled up to two loops in the sigma model perturbation theory.

We study the one-loop effective action of the higher-spin gauge theory induced by the IKKT matrix model on a $M^{1,3}\times K$ background, where $M^{1,3}$ is an FLRW cosmological spacetime brane and $K$ are compact fuzzy extra dimensions. In particular, we show that all non-abelian ($\mathrm{hs}$-valued) gauge fields in this model acquire mass via quantum effects, thus avoiding no-go theorems. This leads to a massive non-abelian quantum $\mathrm{hs}$-Yang-Mills theory, whose detailed structure depends on $K$. The stabilization of $K$ at one loop is understood as a result of the coupling between $K$ and the $U\left(1\right)$-flux bundle on space-time. This flux stabilization induces the KK scale into the $N=4$ SYM sector of the model, which break superconformal symmetry.

In this work, we investigate quantitative properties of correlation functions on the boundaries between two 2D Ising-like models with dual parameters β and ${\beta }^{\star }$. Spin-spin correlators in such constructions without reflection symmetry with respect to translation-invariant directions are usually represented as $2\times 2$ block Toeplitz determinants which are usually significantly harder than the scalar ($1\times 1$ block) versions. Nevertheless, we show that for the specific $\beta /{\beta }^{\star }$ boundaries considered in this work, the symbol matrices allow explicit commutative Wiener-Hopf factorizations. As a result, the constants $E\left(a\right)$ and $E\left(\tilde{a}\right)$ for the large n asymptotics still allow explicit representations that generalize the strong Szegö's theorem for scalar symbols. However, the Wiener-Hopf factors at different z do not commute. We will show that due to this non-commutativity, “logarithmic divergences” in the Wiener-Hopf factors generate certain “anomalous terms” in the exponential form factor expansions of the re-scaled correlators. Since our boundaries in the naive scaling limits can be formulated as certain integrable boundaries/defects in 2D massive QFTs, the results of this work facilitate detailed comparisons with bootstrap approaches.

In this paper, we explore gravitational lensing effects associated with rotating black holes within the framework of loop quantum gravity. Utilizing the Gauss-Bonnet theorem as extended by Ono et al., we compute the light deflection angle in the weak field limit for a lens that is finitely distanced from both the source and the observer. Our findings indicate that the weak deflection angle for rotating black holes in LQG is smaller than that observed for the classical Kerr black holes, albeit with minimal deviations. In the strong field limit, we determine the photon sphere radius, the light deflection angle, and lensing observables, including the image position ${\theta }_{\infty }$, angular separation s, magnification $r_{\text{mag}}$, and temporal delays among various relativistic images. By considering supermassive black holes, such as Sgr A* and M87*, within the LQG framework, we calculate these observables and investigate the influence of the quantum parameter $A_{\lambda }$ on them, compared with the Kerr black hole outcomes. Our comparative analysis reveals that the image position ${\theta }_{\infty }$ and separation s for Sgr A* consistently exceed those for M87*, whereas M87* exhibits considerably greater time delays than Sgr A*. These distinctions could be important in differentiating between rotating black holes in LQG and classical Kerr black holes in future astronomical observations.

In this paper, we study the correspondence between the three-dimensional and one-dimensional physical quantity in the spherically symmetric gravitational fields and we obtain a conjecture that the total energy enclosed by the two-dimensional sphere is equal to twice the change in vacuum zero-point energy of a one-dimensional circle that is the boundary of a hemispherical sphere, we can naturally obtain Schwarzschild metric without relying on Einstein's gravitational field equation under this conjecture, the result leads us to conclude that gravity originates from the change of zero-point energy in the one-dimensional vacuum.