Journal of Genetic Psychology最新文献

Understanding the psychological factors influencing adolescents' well-being is crucial, particularly when considering the unique challenges and experiences of migrant youth. The present study investigated the three-way interaction involving bullying victimization experiences, self-blame attribution bias, and migrant background in relation to internalizing problems. The study involved 430 adolescents aged 14 to 17 years (43% girls; 27% with a migrant background). Results indicated that among native Italian individuals, bullying victimization was significantly and positively associated with internalizing problems, regardless of the level of self-blame attribution bias. In contrast, among migrant adolescents, this association was significant only at high levels of self-blame attribution bias. The findings suggest that migrant adolescents with high self-blame attribution bias may interpret bullying victimization through the lens of their minority status, which exacerbates feelings of inferiority and vulnerability to internalizing problems. Conversely, migrant adolescents who attribute their bullying victimization to external factors, rather than internalizing negative stereotypes, may demonstrate greater psychological resilience against internalizing problems. This study advances our understanding of the unique challenges faced by migrant adolescents in Italy, helping to identify specific risk and protective factors for their psychosocial adaptation. Targeted interventions aimed at reducing self-blame and fostering healthier cognitive patterns could help mitigate the negative effects of bullying victimization and promote psychological resilience among migrant adolescents.

Bearing in mind the lack of studies involving women who have sex with women (WSW), our objective was to report the prevalence of alcohol-related problems among Brazilian WSW, as well as to describe associated factors. Three hundred and thirty-five women were recruited through web-based respondent-driven sampling (RDS) from January to August 2018. RDS weighted frequencies and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the RDS II method. A logistic regression was performed to ascertain the effects of depression, social support, discrimination toward sexual identity, and self-esteem on the likelihood of problematic alcohol use. Around a quarter of the sample (23.73%) was identified with a drinking problem. Notably, our findings revealed that older WSW face an increased risk of problematic alcohol use. Discrimination and self-esteem played a major role in problematic alcohol use.

This study compared the associations of social support, well-being, life satisfaction, and psychological distress in two Asian contexts: Bhutan and Malaysia. Data from 436 participants revealed more differences than similarities in the hypothesized associations. Among the differences, social support from family, friends, and significant other exhibited no significant association with psychological distress among the Malaysian sample, but these support systems demonstrated differential impacts on the Bhutanese sample. Higher support from significant other was associated with lower psychological distress, while increased family and friends support were linked to higher psychological distress, suggesting there may be other intervening factors that operate in these associations. Multi-group analysis was employed to determine the differences in path coefficients, where results demonstrated the central role of well-being on life satisfaction and psychological distress, with emotional health being the most important dimension for both groups. However, financial well-being was not as important to Bhutanese compared to Malaysian. This study highlighted the distinctions within Asian cultures and provided intricate insights and challenged preconceived assumptions about Asian societies.

Agreement between IQ scores derived from human figure drawing tests and standard general intelligence tests has been of interest to psychological investigators and practitioners. Some early studies found associations between drawing performance and motor skills, but few recent investigations have detected meaningful relationships with cognitive ability. Furthermore, few twin studies have considered a genetic component to scores on drawing tests. The present study is the first to undertake these analyses using adult reared-apart twins. Both drawing-derived IQ scores and Wechsler IQ scores were available for reared-apart monozygotic (MZA, N = 71) twin pairs and reared-apart dizygotic (DZA: N = 53) twin pairs from the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart (MISTRA). Intraclass correlations for the drawing-derived performance scores were modest, but significantly higher for MZA (r_i = .31, p < .01) than DZA twin pairs (r_i = .02, ns), p < .001. Intraclass correlations for the Draw-a-Person IQ score (DAP:IQ) showed the same pattern. Finally, the correlation between the drawing-derived IQ scores and Wechsler IQ scores was quite small with a low effect size, but statistically significant (r = .15, p = .02). These findings suggest modest genetic influence on drawing performance. Like most previous studies of nontwins, little meaningful or practical association between the two IQ measures was indicated.

This study investigated the relationship between cumulative family risk and sports engagement among Chinese college students majoring in physical education, as well as the mediating roles of perceived social support and self-control in the relationship between cumulative family risk and sports engagement. A total of 1,009 physical education students (aged 17-35 years, median (M) = 21.19 years, standard deviation (SD) = 2.70 years) completed scales on cumulative family risk, perceived social support in sports, self-control, and sports engagement. We found that cumulative family risk was significantly negatively associated with sports engagement, perceived social support and self-control. However, sports engagement was significantly positively associated with perceived social support and self-control. In addition, the results of structural equation modeling revealed that the association between cumulative family risk and sports engagement was indirectly influenced by perceived social support and self-control. Cumulative family risk is a strong risk factor for sports engagement, and the parallel mediation model constructed in this study may guide interventions for sports engagement among college physical education students.

Mothers' and fathers' parenting styles may be important predictors of smartphone addiction. However, some uncertainty still exists about the relationship between these two variables, and few studies to date have investigated the mediating role of both shyness and loneliness in this relationship from the perspective of mothers' and fathers' parenting styles. To fill these gaps, a total of 1,628 adolescents completed self-report measures of parenting style, shyness, loneliness, and smartphone addiction. The results revealed that parental emotional warmth was negatively correlated with smartphone addiction, whereas parental rejection and over-protection were positively correlated with smartphone addiction. Furthermore, the association between over-protection and shyness was more pronounced for mothers than for fathers. Additionally, shyness and loneliness acted as chain mediators in the relationship between the two parenting styles-emotional warmth and over-protection-and smartphone addiction. These findings underscore the critical roles of shyness and loneliness in mediating the relationship between parenting styles and adolescent smartphone addiction. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms behind the relationship between parenting styles and adolescent smartphone addiction.

This study examines both implicit and explicit attitudes toward shyness among mothers of young children in mainland China. The participants were 391 mothers (M_age = 35 years, SD = 3.84 years) of preschool-aged children from one kindergarten in Shanghai, China. At two time points separated by eight months, participants completed the online version of the Implicit Association Test-Shy (IAT-Shy), self-assessed their own shyness and their explicit attitudes about shyness, and rated their children's shyness. Over the eight-month period, Chinese mothers displayed more negative implicit attitudes toward shyness compared with their attitudes toward non-shyness (sociability). Implicit attitudes toward shyness were significantly related to explicit attitudes about shyness but were not significantly associated with maternal or child shyness.