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Development and Optimization of A Low-Pressure Microbubble Scrubber for Air Pollutants Removal Using CFD 利用 CFD 开发和优化用于去除空气污染物的低压微气泡洗涤器
IF 7 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.3808/jei.31-40
H. Park, S. Yang, Y. Yoo, J. Jung, I. Moon, H. Cho, J. Kim
A microbubble scrubber is a hybrid type scrubber that combines the advantages of a general scrubber with the advantages of the microbubble. Microbubble which has generally under 50 μm diameter is one of the effective ways to remove air pollutants, like PM, NOx, and SOx. The low-pressure microbubble (LPMB) scrubber is a low-power, high-efficiency method that uses a blower to draw flue gas into the solution and generate microbubbles in the water by using low-pressure or negative pressure. The objective of this study was to enhance the removal efficiency of air pollutants in an LPMB scrubber by determining its optimal operating conditions for generating a large number of microbubbles. To achieve this, we developed a CFD model based on a pilot-scale LPMB scrubber and conducted case studies under different operating conditions using fluid flow analysis. The case study consisted of 12 cases according to the pressure difference (1,000, 3,000, 5,000, and 7,000 Pa) between the scrubber inlet and outlet and the initial water level (–0.2, 0, and +0.2 m). The simulation results showed that the optimal operating conditions were a pressure difference of 5,000 Pa and an initial water level of –0.2 m. The removal rates of PM, NOx, and SOx were 99.9, 92.6, and 99.0%, respectively when operating under the optimal operating conditions of the LPMB scrubber. The results suggest that the proposed optimal operating conditions can effectively enhance the removal efficiency of the LPMB scrubber.
微气泡洗涤器是一种混合型洗涤器,它结合了普通洗涤器的优点和微气泡的优点。微气泡直径一般在 50 μm 以下,是去除 PM、NOx 和 SOx 等空气污染物的有效方法之一。低压微气泡(LPMB)洗涤器是一种低功耗、高效率的方法,它使用鼓风机将烟气吸入溶液中,利用低压或负压在水中产生微气泡。本研究的目的是通过确定 LPMB 洗涤器产生大量微气泡的最佳运行条件,提高其去除空气污染物的效率。为此,我们开发了一个基于中试规模 LPMB 洗涤器的 CFD 模型,并利用流体流动分析进行了不同运行条件下的案例研究。案例研究包括 12 种情况,根据洗涤器入口和出口之间的压力差(1,000、3,000、5,000 和 7,000Pa)以及初始水位(-0.2、0 和 +0.2 米)来确定。模拟结果表明,最佳运行条件为压差为 5,000 Pa 和初始水位为 -0.2 m。在 LPMB 洗涤器的最佳运行条件下,PM、NOx 和 SOx 的去除率分别为 99.9%、92.6% 和 99.0%。结果表明,所提出的最佳运行条件能有效提高 LPMB 洗涤器的去除效率。
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引用次数: 0
Water Quality Prediction Based on an Innovated Physical and Data Driving Hybrid Model at Basin Scale 基于创新物理和数据驱动混合模型的流域尺度水质预测
IF 7 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.3808/jei.202400510
Y. L. A, G. Q. Wang, Q. Z. Zhang, P. Z. Wang, B. L. Xue, Z. Y. Gao, Y. B. Peng
The prediction of basin water quality has become an urgent need for water environment management, where water pollution is on the increase. Currently, physical models are primarily used for water quality predictions, but the models are not adaptable for the automatic future prediction of watershed water quality owing to their non-automatic boundary setting. The development of big data, which has led to artificial intelligence (AI) technology, has remedied the deficiency of physical models and has been widely used in water quality prediction. However, the accuracy of AI models depends only on the quantity and quality of dataset, which is applied on specific and discrete sections with enough data and difficult to extend to regions with limited monitoring data. Thus, we constructed migration and distribution gates to express the spatial influence of different variables from different sections on the water quality of a specific and discrete section. The temporal processes were expressed by degradation equation. The migration gate, distribution gate and degradation equations were incorporated into Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM) to improve the operation mechanism of the LSTM algorithm to create the Im-LSTM model, which considers both the temporal influence of a specific section and the spatial influence of other sections on a specific section at basin scale. Compared to ANN, LSTM, Im-LSTM showed the best performance for basin water quality prediction, especially for mainstream sections at sudden pollution process. Thus, the proposed Im-LSTM provides a new approach for water environment supervision.
在水污染日益严重的情况下,流域水质预测已成为水环境管理的迫切需要。目前,水质预测主要采用物理模型,但由于模型的边界设置不自动化,无法适应未来流域水质的自动预测。大数据的发展带动了人工智能(AI)技术的发展,弥补了物理模型的不足,在水质预测中得到了广泛应用。然而,人工智能模型的准确性仅取决于数据集的数量和质量,适用于数据充足的特定离散断面,难以推广到监测数据有限的区域。因此,我们构建了迁移门和分布门来表达不同断面的不同变量对特定离散断面水质的空间影响。时间过程用退化方程表示。将迁移门、分布门和退化方程纳入长短期记忆网络(LSTM),改进 LSTM 算法的运行机制,创建 Im-LSTM 模型,该模型在流域尺度上既考虑了特定断面的时间影响,又考虑了其他断面对特定断面的空间影响。与 ANN、LSTM 相比,Im-LSTM 在流域水质预测方面表现最佳,尤其是在突发污染过程中的主流断面。因此,所提出的 Im-LSTM 为水环境监测提供了一种新方法。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization Models for Long-Term Planning of Municipal Solid Waste Management Systems: A Review with An Emphasis on Mass Balances 城市固体废物管理系统长期规划的优化模型:以质量平衡为重点的综述
IF 7 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.3808/jei.1-15
M. K. Korucu, İ. Kucukoglu
The vast majority of decision-making approaches used for long-term planning of municipal solid waste management systems (LPMSWMS) are ground on scenario-based structures. However, the scenario-based structures may overlook many real-world possibilities because of their restricted mass balances. This study is the first attempt to review the current state of optimization models, which are used as a decision-making approach for LPMSWMS, by focusing on the mass balances. In line with this purpose, 146 peer-reviewed articles were examined based on a new literature evaluation scheme. According to the findings, it can be stated that a significant majority of the articles offer non-deterministic optimization models dealing with the uncertain nature of the LPMSWMS problems. Considering all optimization models examined in the study, most of the model formulations have linear mathematical forms in terms of objective and constraint functions. However, it is quite interesting that none of the models produced solutions for a management system alternative with an integrated (non-restricted) mass balance. Accordingly, it is very questionable whether the results obtained from the current models have the power to give the most suitable solution for an up-to-date management system. As a result of the review, it is highly recommended that the optimization models to be conducted for the LPMSWMS in the future should search for new mathematical approaches considering the integrated mass balances under certainty and/or uncertainty.
绝大多数用于城市固体废物管理系统(LPMSWMS)长期规划的决策方法都是基于情景结构的。然而,由于其质量平衡受到限制,基于情景的结构可能会忽略现实世界中的许多可能性。本研究首次尝试以质量平衡为重点,回顾作为 LPMSWMS 决策方法的优化模型的现状。为此,根据新的文献评估方案,对 146 篇同行评审文章进行了审查。根据研究结果,可以说绝大多数文章都提供了非确定性优化模型,以处理 LPMSWMS 问题的不确定性。从研究中考察的所有优化模型来看,大多数模型的目标函数和约束函数都是线性数学形式。然而,有趣的是,没有一个模型能够为具有综合(非限制性)质量平衡的管理系统备选方案提供解决方案。因此,从现有模型中得出的结果是否能够为最新的管理系统提供最合适的解 决方案,是非常值得怀疑的。根据审查结果,强烈建议今后为 LPMSWMS 建立优化模型时,应寻找新的数学方法, 考虑确定性和/或不确定性条件下的综合质量平衡。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization Models for Long-Term Planning of Municipal Solid Waste Management Systems: A Review with An Emphasis on Mass Balances 城市固体废物管理系统长期规划的优化模型:以质量平衡为重点的综述
IF 7 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.3808/jei.202400504
M. K. Korucu, İ. Kucukoglu
The vast majority of decision-making approaches used for long-term planning of municipal solid waste management systems (LPMSWMS) are ground on scenario-based structures. However, the scenario-based structures may overlook many real-world possibilities because of their restricted mass balances. This study is the first attempt to review the current state of optimization models, which are used as a decision-making approach for LPMSWMS, by focusing on the mass balances. In line with this purpose, 146 peer-reviewed articles were examined based on a new literature evaluation scheme. According to the findings, it can be stated that a significant majority of the articles offer non-deterministic optimization models dealing with the uncertain nature of the LPMSWMS problems. Considering all optimization models examined in the study, most of the model formulations have linear mathematical forms in terms of objective and constraint functions. However, it is quite interesting that none of the models produced solutions for a management system alternative with an integrated (non-restricted) mass balance. Accordingly, it is very questionable whether the results obtained from the current models have the power to give the most suitable solution for an up-to-date management system. As a result of the review, it is highly recommended that the optimization models to be conducted for the LPMSWMS in the future should search for new mathematical approaches considering the integrated mass balances under certainty and/or uncertainty.
绝大多数用于城市固体废物管理系统(LPMSWMS)长期规划的决策方法都是基于情景结构的。然而,由于其质量平衡受到限制,基于情景的结构可能会忽略现实世界中的许多可能性。本研究首次尝试以质量平衡为重点,回顾作为 LPMSWMS 决策方法的优化模型的现状。为此,根据新的文献评估方案,对 146 篇同行评审文章进行了审查。根据研究结果,可以说绝大多数文章都提供了非确定性优化模型,以处理 LPMSWMS 问题的不确定性。从研究中考察的所有优化模型来看,大多数模型的目标函数和约束函数都是线性数学形式。然而,有趣的是,没有一个模型能够为具有综合(非限制性)质量平衡的管理系统备选方案提供解决方案。因此,从现有模型中得出的结果是否能够为最新的管理系统提供最合适的解 决方案,是非常值得怀疑的。根据审查结果,强烈建议今后为 LPMSWMS 建立优化模型时,应寻找新的数学方法, 考虑确定性和/或不确定性条件下的综合质量平衡。
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引用次数: 0
Multifunctional PVDF Membrane Coated with ZnO-Ag Nanocomposites for Wastewater Treatment and Fouling Mitigation: Factorial and Mechanism Analyses ZnO-Ag纳米复合材料包覆多功能PVDF膜用于废水处理和污染缓解:析因和机理分析
IF 7 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Computer Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3808/jei.202300486
X. J. Chen, C. Z. Huang, R. Feng, P. Zhang, Y. Wu, W. Huang
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引用次数: 4
Centennial Assessment of Greenhouse Gases Emissions of Young and Old Hydroelectric Reservoir in Mediterranean Mainland 地中海大陆新旧水电站温室气体排放百年评估
IF 7 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Computer Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3808/jei.202300485
Elisavet Amanatidou, G. Samiotis, E. Trikoilidou, L. Tsikritzis, N. Taousanidis
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引用次数: 2
Assessing Canopy Phenological Variations and Gross Primary Productivity in A Savanna Ecosystem in Yuanjiang, Yunnan Province of Southwest China 云南元江草原生态系统林冠物候变化及总初级生产力评价
1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Computer Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3808/jei.202300499
S. T. Z. Myo, Y. P. Zhang, Q. H. Song, A. G. Chen, D. X. Yang, L. G. Zhou, Y. X. Lin, Z. Phyo, X. H. Fei, N. S. Liang
Vegetation phenology is an important indicator of environmental change and strongly connected to forest ecosystem productivity change. This study aimed to analyse the pattern of phenological variations derived from digital imagery for the interpretation of ecosystem productivity. For 2014, 2015 and 2016, the seasonal phenological development of savanna was analysed by using towerbased imagery from a digital camera. The green excess index (GEI) was the best at representing the phenological transition dates (PTDs) and useful for investigating the gross primary production (GPP) in the savanna ecosystem. There was a significant correlation between the monthly pattern of the strength of green (Sgreen), green excess index (GEI) and vegetation contrast index (VCI) and GPP throughout the year. Additionally, the annual pattern of colour indices had significant relationship (p < 0.05) with GPP but this was not seasonal. The air temperature (air T) and soil temperature (soil T) were strongly significantly correlated (p < 0.001) with the start of growing season (SGS) and caused the advance in green-up and the timing of the start of the growing season in 2014 and 2016. The short growing season length (GSL) had an impact on the productivity. The colour indices from the digital camera images not only provided the phenological pattern of a forest canopy but also revealed the forest ecosystem productivity by showing the response to environmental factors. Our results indicate that daily continuous digital camera images might be useful for ecologists to use as a tool for future prediction of the long-term phenological modelling.
植被物候是反映环境变化的重要指标,与森林生态系统生产力变化密切相关。本研究旨在分析来自数字图像的物候变化模式,以解释生态系统生产力。2014年、2015年和2016年,利用数码相机的塔式图像分析了热带稀树草原的季节性物候发展。绿色过剩指数(GEI)最能反映热带稀树草原生态系统的物候过渡日期(PTDs),对研究热带稀树草原生态系统的总初级生产(GPP)具有重要意义。绿化强度(Sgreen)、绿化过剩指数(GEI)和植被对比指数(VCI)的月变化与全年GPP呈显著相关。此外,颜色指数的年度格局具有显著的相关性(p <0.05),但不具有季节性。气温(air T)与土壤温度(soil T)呈极显著强相关(p <0.001)与生长季开始(SGS)相关,导致2014年和2016年绿化提前,生长季开始时间提前。生长季长较短对产量有较大影响。数码相机图像的颜色指数不仅提供了森林冠层的物候格局,而且通过显示对环境因子的响应揭示了森林生态系统的生产力。我们的研究结果表明,每天连续的数码相机图像可能对生态学家有用,可以作为长期物候模型的未来预测工具。
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引用次数: 0
Time-Series Forecasting of Chlorophyll-a in Coastal Areas Using LSTM, GRU and Attention-Based RNN Models 基于LSTM、GRU和基于关注的RNN模型的沿海地区叶绿素a时序预报
IF 7 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Computer Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3808/jei.202300494
S. Wu, Z. Du, F. Zhang, Y. Zhou, R. Liu
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引用次数: 0
Hybrid Forecasting of Wind for Air Pollution Dispersion over Complex Terrain 复杂地形空气污染扩散的混合风预报
IF 7 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Computer Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3808/jei.202300489
M. Perne, J. Kocijan, M. Božnar, B. Grašič, P. Mlakar
In case of an unplanned emission event from a nuclear power plant, the local population can be protected more efficiently when valid atmospheric dispersion model results are available. Atmospheric dispersion models use local meteorological variables as inputs. When atmospheric dispersion in the future is being predicted, a forecast of the local meteorological variables is needed. The most important variable in atmospheric dispersion modelling is wind, and accurately predicting ground level winds presents a challenge to numerical weather prediction models. We therefore develop hybrid models for forecasting local ground level wind at a single location where the terrain is complex and the average wind is weak and fluctuating. Wind speed and direction are modelled as west-east and south-north wind components. Each model is composed of a numerical weather prediction model and a Gaussian process statistical model that uses numerical weather predictions as some of its inputs and is trained on historical data to predict the output component. The most advanced Gaussian process models studied are of Gaussian process nonlinear autoregressive model with exogenous input (GPNARX) type. In addition to numerical weather predictions, they also use local meteorological variables, including the output variable, as their inputs. Numerical weather prediction results based on large scale information and fundamental knowledge of the system are thus supplemented by local measurements that better reflect the effects of local topography and land use. The models are tested by prediction and simulation. The wind components predicted by more advanced models are more accurate than raw or post-processed numerical weather prediction results. As an example, a model predicting 2D wind vector 1.5 h in advance achieves a NRMSE of 0.214 if it uses all the immediately available information. This is better than both the persistence model with NRMSE of 0.188 and post-processed NWP with NRMSE of 0.164. This demonstrates that hybrid modelling provides the best weather information for short-term and medium-term atmospheric dispersion forecasting. While the method is motivated by nuclear emission sources, it could also be applied to other pollution.
在核电站发生意外排放事件的情况下,当有效的大气扩散模型结果可用时,可以更有效地保护当地人口。大气弥散模式使用当地气象变量作为输入。在预测未来的大气弥散时,需要对当地气象变量进行预报。大气弥散模拟中最重要的变量是风,准确预测地面风对数值天气预报模式提出了挑战。因此,我们开发了混合模型,用于预测地形复杂、平均风弱且波动的单一地点的当地地面风。风速和风向建模为西风、东风和南风分量。每个模型由数值天气预报模型和高斯过程统计模型组成,高斯过程统计模型使用数值天气预报作为其部分输入,并根据历史数据进行训练以预测输出组件。研究最先进的高斯过程模型是外生输入高斯过程非线性自回归模型(GPNARX)型。除了数值天气预报外,它们还使用当地气象变量,包括输出变量作为输入。因此,基于大尺度信息和系统基本知识的数值天气预报结果可由更能反映当地地形和土地利用影响的当地测量结果补充。通过预测和仿真对模型进行了验证。较先进模式预测的风分量比原始或后处理的数值天气预报结果更准确。例如,如果使用所有即时可用的信息,提前1.5小时预测2D风矢量的模型的NRMSE为0.214。这优于NRMSE为0.188的持久性模型和NRMSE为0.164的后处理NWP模型。这表明混合模式为短期和中期大气弥散预报提供了最好的天气信息。虽然该方法是由核排放源驱动的,但它也可以应用于其他污染。
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引用次数: 0
The Effects of Intra-Annual Variability of River Discharge on the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Saltmarsh Vegetation at River Mouth Bar: Insights from an Ecogeomorphological Model 河流流量年际变化对河口坝盐沼植被时空动态的影响——基于生态地貌学模型的启示
IF 7 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Computer Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3808/jei.202300498
S. Zhang, W. Gao, D. Shao, W. Nardin, C. Gualtieri, T. Sun
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引用次数: 1
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Journal of Environmental Informatics
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