Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000461
Carolyn Baird
When smoke gets in your eyes. How many of you want to sing it rather than say it? Oh to be in that time frame rather than dealing with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the issue of when smoke gets in your lungs. Better known as COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), the coronavirus, Rona, and so forth, not much more is known about it than was known in March of 2020 and the first situation red lockdown. Researchers are still arguing about the origin, when it started, what symptoms to watch for, whether to mask or not, and whether the vaccines do confer immunity. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website has dedicated COVID-19 pages. Two years later, there are lots of theories, almost 80 million COVID cases with 1million COVID deaths in the United States, and an escalating trend (81,000 a year in 2020 to 93,000 by early 2022) of overdose deaths. More than half of them are attributable to opioids, and states are experiencing escalating trends from 38% to 98% (CDC, 2022). CDC. www.cdc.gov https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/covid-19/wildfire_smoke_ covid-19.html https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/covid-19/covid-19_resources_ for_professionals.html https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/covid-19/reduce_exposure_ to_wildfire_smoke_covid-19.html The National Interagency Fire Center monitors natural disasters and has issued a warning for the upcoming wildfire season. Resource documents, including one archived from 2019, alert users of the CDCwebsite to an increased potential for wildfires again this spring. Exposure to wildfire smoke air pollutants irritates the lungs, causing inflammation and altering immune function. Individuals who are exposed to the smoke are perceived to have increased susceptibility to respiratory infections including COVID-19. The information on this website is considered accurate, objective, and current because the website speaks with the authority of a government-sponsored agency. BMJ Journals. https://thorax.bmj.com/content/77/1/65 Clift, A. K., von Ende, A., Tan, P. S., Sallis, H. M., Lindson, N., Coupland, C. A. C.,Munafò,M. R., Aveyard, P., HippisleyCox, J., & Hopewell, J. C. (2022). Smoking and COVID-19 outcomes: An observational and Mendelian randomization study using the UK Biobank cohort. Thorax, 77, 65–73. Using a cohort of over half a million study participants from the Biobank in the United Kingdom, researchers asked, “What is the key question? Does cigarette smoking increase risk of severe COVID-19? What is the bottom line? In this study using UK Biobank, we obtained congruent results from observational analyses (n = 421469) and Mendelian randomization analyses (n = 281105) regarding increased risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization and death in smokers. Why read on? Together, the results from our two analytical approaches support a causal effect of smoking on the risk of severe COVID-19.” This is original research made available through Open Access. Check the website of the British Medi
{"title":"Smoke, Smoking, and COVID","authors":"Carolyn Baird","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000461","url":null,"abstract":"When smoke gets in your eyes. How many of you want to sing it rather than say it? Oh to be in that time frame rather than dealing with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the issue of when smoke gets in your lungs. Better known as COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), the coronavirus, Rona, and so forth, not much more is known about it than was known in March of 2020 and the first situation red lockdown. Researchers are still arguing about the origin, when it started, what symptoms to watch for, whether to mask or not, and whether the vaccines do confer immunity. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website has dedicated COVID-19 pages. Two years later, there are lots of theories, almost 80 million COVID cases with 1million COVID deaths in the United States, and an escalating trend (81,000 a year in 2020 to 93,000 by early 2022) of overdose deaths. More than half of them are attributable to opioids, and states are experiencing escalating trends from 38% to 98% (CDC, 2022). CDC. www.cdc.gov https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/covid-19/wildfire_smoke_ covid-19.html https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/covid-19/covid-19_resources_ for_professionals.html https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/covid-19/reduce_exposure_ to_wildfire_smoke_covid-19.html The National Interagency Fire Center monitors natural disasters and has issued a warning for the upcoming wildfire season. Resource documents, including one archived from 2019, alert users of the CDCwebsite to an increased potential for wildfires again this spring. Exposure to wildfire smoke air pollutants irritates the lungs, causing inflammation and altering immune function. Individuals who are exposed to the smoke are perceived to have increased susceptibility to respiratory infections including COVID-19. The information on this website is considered accurate, objective, and current because the website speaks with the authority of a government-sponsored agency. BMJ Journals. https://thorax.bmj.com/content/77/1/65 Clift, A. K., von Ende, A., Tan, P. S., Sallis, H. M., Lindson, N., Coupland, C. A. C.,Munafò,M. R., Aveyard, P., HippisleyCox, J., & Hopewell, J. C. (2022). Smoking and COVID-19 outcomes: An observational and Mendelian randomization study using the UK Biobank cohort. Thorax, 77, 65–73. Using a cohort of over half a million study participants from the Biobank in the United Kingdom, researchers asked, “What is the key question? Does cigarette smoking increase risk of severe COVID-19? What is the bottom line? In this study using UK Biobank, we obtained congruent results from observational analyses (n = 421469) and Mendelian randomization analyses (n = 281105) regarding increased risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization and death in smokers. Why read on? Together, the results from our two analytical approaches support a causal effect of smoking on the risk of severe COVID-19.” This is original research made available through Open Access. Check the website of the British Medi","PeriodicalId":54892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictions Nursing","volume":"8 1","pages":"119 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90201199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000456
C. H. Dahlem, Josie Granner, C. Boyd
Abstract Background Law enforcement officers (LEOs) often are the first responders to arrive at a scene of an opioid overdose. Thus, equipping LEOs as first responders with naloxone is necessary to prevent overdose deaths and a recommended strategy. However, little is known about how LEOs perceive naloxone training and their feelings after using naloxone to save a life. It is important to understand LEOs' experiences with naloxone so as to develop additional training materials that are relevant to the LEO experience. Methods A descriptive exploratory study was conducted to explore the perceptions of LEOs about using naloxone in the field and to identify areas that should be included in future naloxone trainings. Interview data were obtained through face-to-face interviews with LEOs (N = 14) and analyzed using manifest content analysis. Results LEOs changed their attitudes and beliefs toward naloxone after receiving training and experiencing a successful resuscitation. The change in attitudes was enhanced after saving a life. However, misconceptions about naloxone and lack of understanding about disease of addiction persisted even after training. Conclusion Future naloxone curriculum could benefit from additional lessons on the stigma of addiction, the disease of addiction, misconceptions about the safety of naloxone, strategies for postoverdose responses, and the role naloxone, which might play in a hopeful recovery.
{"title":"Law Enforcement Perceptions About Naloxone Training and Its Effects Post-Overdose Reversal","authors":"C. H. Dahlem, Josie Granner, C. Boyd","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000456","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Law enforcement officers (LEOs) often are the first responders to arrive at a scene of an opioid overdose. Thus, equipping LEOs as first responders with naloxone is necessary to prevent overdose deaths and a recommended strategy. However, little is known about how LEOs perceive naloxone training and their feelings after using naloxone to save a life. It is important to understand LEOs' experiences with naloxone so as to develop additional training materials that are relevant to the LEO experience. Methods A descriptive exploratory study was conducted to explore the perceptions of LEOs about using naloxone in the field and to identify areas that should be included in future naloxone trainings. Interview data were obtained through face-to-face interviews with LEOs (N = 14) and analyzed using manifest content analysis. Results LEOs changed their attitudes and beliefs toward naloxone after receiving training and experiencing a successful resuscitation. The change in attitudes was enhanced after saving a life. However, misconceptions about naloxone and lack of understanding about disease of addiction persisted even after training. Conclusion Future naloxone curriculum could benefit from additional lessons on the stigma of addiction, the disease of addiction, misconceptions about the safety of naloxone, strategies for postoverdose responses, and the role naloxone, which might play in a hopeful recovery.","PeriodicalId":54892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictions Nursing","volume":"7 1","pages":"80 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84767578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000458
Larider Ruffin, Mary Padden-Denmead, Jack B. Lewis, Tavonia Ekwegh, Shawn Denning, Trevor Calimer, Tara L Crowell
Abstract Cigarette smoking is a global health epidemic, and smoking along with electronic nicotine delivery systems use or vaping are on the rise. Despite the effectiveness of smoking cessation strategies, healthcare providers and nursing students do not routinely recommend these strategies for patients who are smokers. This study compares the perceptions of smoking and vaping between two groups of baccalaureate degree nursing students from Haiti and the United States. The study was influenced by contemporary and past studies showing that more young people are drawn into smoking and vaping despite the prevalence of antismoking policies and awareness campaigns. In this descriptive study, surveys were used to collect data to determine the differences between the two country's nursing students on their perception of smoking and vaping. The findings indicated that, despite greater usage, the students from the United States had a higher perception of the health implications of cigarette smoking and vaping compared with those from Haiti. On the basis of the findings of this study, collaborative pedagogical research opportunities among international nursing education programs can further curriculum development to foster growth and development of future global health practitioners.
{"title":"A Comparison of Haitian and American Bachelor of Science in Nursing Students' Perceptions of Cigarette Smoking and E-Cigarette Use","authors":"Larider Ruffin, Mary Padden-Denmead, Jack B. Lewis, Tavonia Ekwegh, Shawn Denning, Trevor Calimer, Tara L Crowell","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000458","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cigarette smoking is a global health epidemic, and smoking along with electronic nicotine delivery systems use or vaping are on the rise. Despite the effectiveness of smoking cessation strategies, healthcare providers and nursing students do not routinely recommend these strategies for patients who are smokers. This study compares the perceptions of smoking and vaping between two groups of baccalaureate degree nursing students from Haiti and the United States. The study was influenced by contemporary and past studies showing that more young people are drawn into smoking and vaping despite the prevalence of antismoking policies and awareness campaigns. In this descriptive study, surveys were used to collect data to determine the differences between the two country's nursing students on their perception of smoking and vaping. The findings indicated that, despite greater usage, the students from the United States had a higher perception of the health implications of cigarette smoking and vaping compared with those from Haiti. On the basis of the findings of this study, collaborative pedagogical research opportunities among international nursing education programs can further curriculum development to foster growth and development of future global health practitioners.","PeriodicalId":54892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictions Nursing","volume":"47 1","pages":"95 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74520602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000455
Ashley O Radmall, Spencer Calder, Nodira Codell, Alan Taylor Kelley, Eric Hawkins, Audrey L Jones, Hildi J Hagedorn, Mary Anne Reynolds, Adam J Gordon
Background: In the United States, a national priority exists to improve access to medication treatment for opioid use disorder (MOUD). Nurses can be an essential component of that care. We examined the perceptions and evolving roles of nurses in a national Veterans Health Administration (VHA) initiative designed to improve MOUD access within general medical settings.
Methods: From April 15, 2021, to June 16, 2021, we recruited nurses participating in VHA's Stepped Care for Opioid Use Disorder Train the Trainer Initiative-a national program intending to implement MOUD in general medical settings-to participate in an interview about their roles, perceptions, and experiences. The respondents answered our inquiries through an interview or responded to an email solicitation with written responses, which were then recorded, transcribed, and independently coded to identify themes.
Results: Nurses from 10 VHA facilities participated in an interview (n = 7) or completed the questionnaire (n = 4). Inadequate staffing, high patient-to-provider ratios, and time constraints were identified as barriers to MOUD care. Mentorship activities, existing VHA informational resources, and patients' willingness to accept treatment were identified as facilitators of MOUD care. The Stepped Care for Opioid Use Disorder Train the Trainer Initiative processes were acknowledged to promote role confidence, which in turn increased job satisfaction and empowered nurses to become content experts. Respondents often identified nurses as local lead facilitators in MOUD care.
Conclusions: In a national initiative to implement MOUD within general medical settings, nurses identified several barriers and facilitators to MOUD implementation. Nurses play vital collaborative care roles in enhancing access to MOUD.
{"title":"Roles and Perceptions of Nurses During Implementation of a Medication Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder National Initiative.","authors":"Ashley O Radmall, Spencer Calder, Nodira Codell, Alan Taylor Kelley, Eric Hawkins, Audrey L Jones, Hildi J Hagedorn, Mary Anne Reynolds, Adam J Gordon","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the United States, a national priority exists to improve access to medication treatment for opioid use disorder (MOUD). Nurses can be an essential component of that care. We examined the perceptions and evolving roles of nurses in a national Veterans Health Administration (VHA) initiative designed to improve MOUD access within general medical settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From April 15, 2021, to June 16, 2021, we recruited nurses participating in VHA's Stepped Care for Opioid Use Disorder Train the Trainer Initiative-a national program intending to implement MOUD in general medical settings-to participate in an interview about their roles, perceptions, and experiences. The respondents answered our inquiries through an interview or responded to an email solicitation with written responses, which were then recorded, transcribed, and independently coded to identify themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nurses from 10 VHA facilities participated in an interview (n = 7) or completed the questionnaire (n = 4). Inadequate staffing, high patient-to-provider ratios, and time constraints were identified as barriers to MOUD care. Mentorship activities, existing VHA informational resources, and patients' willingness to accept treatment were identified as facilitators of MOUD care. The Stepped Care for Opioid Use Disorder Train the Trainer Initiative processes were acknowledged to promote role confidence, which in turn increased job satisfaction and empowered nurses to become content experts. Respondents often identified nurses as local lead facilitators in MOUD care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a national initiative to implement MOUD within general medical settings, nurses identified several barriers and facilitators to MOUD implementation. Nurses play vital collaborative care roles in enhancing access to MOUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":54892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictions Nursing","volume":"33 2","pages":"70-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10521284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000459
William J Lorman
{"title":"Viloxazine (Qelbree™): A Nonstimulant Extended-Release Capsule for the Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.","authors":"William J Lorman","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000459","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictions Nursing","volume":"106 3","pages":"114-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72548910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000462
Patricia Larrieu-Jimenez, Deborah Salani
Abstract This case report presents a 40-year-old man presenting with mixed mental health symptoms including depression, anxiety, euphoria, sleep cycle disturbances, and alcohol use over several years. Multiple providers see the patient in varying specialties, initially focusing on depression, anxiety, and, later, substance use. Alcohol misuse can shadow underlying mental disorders. Therefore, early recognition and collaborative management are imperative to unveil the possibility of comorbid mental health disorders.
{"title":"When Moods and Behaviors Do Not Add Up","authors":"Patricia Larrieu-Jimenez, Deborah Salani","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000462","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This case report presents a 40-year-old man presenting with mixed mental health symptoms including depression, anxiety, euphoria, sleep cycle disturbances, and alcohol use over several years. Multiple providers see the patient in varying specialties, initially focusing on depression, anxiety, and, later, substance use. Alcohol misuse can shadow underlying mental disorders. Therefore, early recognition and collaborative management are imperative to unveil the possibility of comorbid mental health disorders.","PeriodicalId":54892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictions Nursing","volume":"281 1","pages":"121 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76796031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000447
Marian Wilson, T. Odom-Maryon, Karen Stanek, T. Roush, J. Muriungi, Alvina Jesse, R. Quock, M. Layton
Abstract Opioid withdrawal symptoms can interfere with substance use disorder treatment goals. This study investigated the acceptability, feasibility, and treatment effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) as an adjunct to reduce withdrawal symptoms for adults initiating a medically supervised methadone dose reduction. Adults prescribed methadone for opioid use disorder were randomized into either a hyperbaric oxygen group (n = 17) or an attention control group (n = 14). The study site was an outpatient opioid treatment program in the northwestern United States. Participants were asked to attend five consecutive daily 90-minute HBOT sessions offered at 2.0 atmospheres absolute with 100% oxygen in a pressurized chamber. Treatment attendance and reported satisfaction were measures of acceptability and feasibility. Medication doses were tracked posttreatment at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months. Withdrawal symptoms were assessed at baseline and daily during the 5-day intervention period. After randomization, 13 (76.5%) followed through with medical screening and HBOT sessions, and of those, nine (69.2%) completed all five 90-minute HBOT sessions. At 3 months, the treatment group maintained, on average, a 4.3-mg methadone dose reduction compared with an average reduction of 0.25 mg for control group participants. Opioid withdrawal symptoms were reduced after Day 1 of HBOT by twice as much, on average, compared with the control condition. Satisfaction surveys found participants were generally satisfied with ease and comfort of the treatment. The evidence that HBOT is an acceptable, feasible adjunct warrants future trials to determine more conclusively effects on withdrawal symptoms associated with methadone dose taper.
{"title":"Hyperbaric Oxygen to Assist Adults With Opioid Use Disorder in Reducing Methadone Dose","authors":"Marian Wilson, T. Odom-Maryon, Karen Stanek, T. Roush, J. Muriungi, Alvina Jesse, R. Quock, M. Layton","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000447","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Opioid withdrawal symptoms can interfere with substance use disorder treatment goals. This study investigated the acceptability, feasibility, and treatment effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) as an adjunct to reduce withdrawal symptoms for adults initiating a medically supervised methadone dose reduction. Adults prescribed methadone for opioid use disorder were randomized into either a hyperbaric oxygen group (n = 17) or an attention control group (n = 14). The study site was an outpatient opioid treatment program in the northwestern United States. Participants were asked to attend five consecutive daily 90-minute HBOT sessions offered at 2.0 atmospheres absolute with 100% oxygen in a pressurized chamber. Treatment attendance and reported satisfaction were measures of acceptability and feasibility. Medication doses were tracked posttreatment at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months. Withdrawal symptoms were assessed at baseline and daily during the 5-day intervention period. After randomization, 13 (76.5%) followed through with medical screening and HBOT sessions, and of those, nine (69.2%) completed all five 90-minute HBOT sessions. At 3 months, the treatment group maintained, on average, a 4.3-mg methadone dose reduction compared with an average reduction of 0.25 mg for control group participants. Opioid withdrawal symptoms were reduced after Day 1 of HBOT by twice as much, on average, compared with the control condition. Satisfaction surveys found participants were generally satisfied with ease and comfort of the treatment. The evidence that HBOT is an acceptable, feasible adjunct warrants future trials to determine more conclusively effects on withdrawal symptoms associated with methadone dose taper.","PeriodicalId":54892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictions Nursing","volume":"6 1","pages":"27 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81944901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000446
O. Al Omari, D. Wynaden, A. Alkhawaldeh, F. Alhalaiqa, Khloud Al Dameery, E. J. Roach, Sheeba Elizabeth John Sunderraj, Atika Khalaf
Abstract Background Substance misuse is a growing problem among Jordanian university students. Purpose The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of university students who misuse Captagon (amphetamines). Methods The interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology was used. In-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted with 10 Jordanian university students, aged 17–22 years, who were using Captagon (amphetamines) for the last 6 months. Results Three major themes detailed participants' experiences with Captagon: (a) causes for use, (b) effects of taking amphetamines, and (c) seeking help behaviors and support. Participants who experienced academic and personal stress sought help from friends, who provided them with Captagon pills as a way to overcome their life challenges. Initially, taking Captagon provided participants with a sense of control, but it did not solve their problems. Later or as the days passed by, they experienced increased level of stress, felt disorganized in a way that they missed classes, and were being socially isolated. Participants finally sought community help for their problem, but this was difficult because of stigmatizing attitudes in their community toward substance misuse. Conclusions Increasing university students' knowledge about the negative consequences of substance misuse and raising awareness of strategies to address the problem will help young people to make more informed choices, because today's young generation are tomorrow's citizens.
{"title":"Jordanian University Students' Lived Experience of Misusing Amphetamine (Captagon)","authors":"O. Al Omari, D. Wynaden, A. Alkhawaldeh, F. Alhalaiqa, Khloud Al Dameery, E. J. Roach, Sheeba Elizabeth John Sunderraj, Atika Khalaf","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000446","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Substance misuse is a growing problem among Jordanian university students. Purpose The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of university students who misuse Captagon (amphetamines). Methods The interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology was used. In-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted with 10 Jordanian university students, aged 17–22 years, who were using Captagon (amphetamines) for the last 6 months. Results Three major themes detailed participants' experiences with Captagon: (a) causes for use, (b) effects of taking amphetamines, and (c) seeking help behaviors and support. Participants who experienced academic and personal stress sought help from friends, who provided them with Captagon pills as a way to overcome their life challenges. Initially, taking Captagon provided participants with a sense of control, but it did not solve their problems. Later or as the days passed by, they experienced increased level of stress, felt disorganized in a way that they missed classes, and were being socially isolated. Participants finally sought community help for their problem, but this was difficult because of stigmatizing attitudes in their community toward substance misuse. Conclusions Increasing university students' knowledge about the negative consequences of substance misuse and raising awareness of strategies to address the problem will help young people to make more informed choices, because today's young generation are tomorrow's citizens.","PeriodicalId":54892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictions Nursing","volume":"24 1","pages":"20 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75513912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000453
The Editors of Medical Problems of Performing Artists extend their thanks to the many individuals who have generously provided their time and expertise in reviewing papers submitted to the journal over the past year.
{"title":"Peer Reviewers, 2021.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000453","url":null,"abstract":"The Editors of Medical Problems of Performing Artists extend their thanks to the many individuals who have generously provided their time and expertise in reviewing papers submitted to the journal over the past year.","PeriodicalId":54892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictions Nursing","volume":"204 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72963115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000448
A. A. Binkowska, Anastasia Ruban, Mariszka Gogolewska, P. Sawicz, L. Rychlewski, A. Brzezicka
Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Abstract Objectives Although frequency of cannabis use is considered to be the strongest risk factor for developing cannabis dependence, only up to half of daily users become dependent. In this study, we explored an array of risk factors and moderators of cannabis dependence symptoms from the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition endorsed by participants. Methods A sample of 1,635 cannabis users completed an Internet survey consisting of measures of cannabis and other drug use. Multiple linear regression with a backward elimination method was employed to identify predictors of cannabis dependence symptoms. After that, a series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed to test the predictive validity of the interactions between frequency of cannabis use and other predictors. Results Frequency of cannabis use appeared to be the strongest predictor of developing cannabis dependence symptoms; other significant predictors of cannabis dependence symptoms were substance-dependency-related treatment seeking, mental health problems in the family and pattern of substance use. Duration of cannabis use, relationship status, and drug use history in the family were identified as significant moderators of the relationship between frequency of cannabis use and the number of cannabis dependence symptoms. Conclusions This study confirms that the frequency of cannabis use is the strongest predictor of cannabis dependence symptoms but this relationship is significantly moderated by three abovementioned factors.
{"title":"Who Is at Risk of Developing Cannabis Dependence? Findings From an Extensive Online Study on Cannabis Users","authors":"A. A. Binkowska, Anastasia Ruban, Mariszka Gogolewska, P. Sawicz, L. Rychlewski, A. Brzezicka","doi":"10.1097/JAN.0000000000000448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000448","url":null,"abstract":"Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Abstract Objectives Although frequency of cannabis use is considered to be the strongest risk factor for developing cannabis dependence, only up to half of daily users become dependent. In this study, we explored an array of risk factors and moderators of cannabis dependence symptoms from the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition endorsed by participants. Methods A sample of 1,635 cannabis users completed an Internet survey consisting of measures of cannabis and other drug use. Multiple linear regression with a backward elimination method was employed to identify predictors of cannabis dependence symptoms. After that, a series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed to test the predictive validity of the interactions between frequency of cannabis use and other predictors. Results Frequency of cannabis use appeared to be the strongest predictor of developing cannabis dependence symptoms; other significant predictors of cannabis dependence symptoms were substance-dependency-related treatment seeking, mental health problems in the family and pattern of substance use. Duration of cannabis use, relationship status, and drug use history in the family were identified as significant moderators of the relationship between frequency of cannabis use and the number of cannabis dependence symptoms. Conclusions This study confirms that the frequency of cannabis use is the strongest predictor of cannabis dependence symptoms but this relationship is significantly moderated by three abovementioned factors.","PeriodicalId":54892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictions Nursing","volume":"18 1","pages":"37 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74516411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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