Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-07-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105946
Mikhail Protopopov, Fabian Proft
{"title":"Remission and objective signs of inflammation in axial spondyloarthritis – Mapping the symptom – Inflammation landscape in axial spondyloarthritis","authors":"Mikhail Protopopov, Fabian Proft","doi":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105946","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54902,"journal":{"name":"Joint Bone Spine","volume":"93 2","pages":"Article 105946"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To describe the baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the TRANSLATE2 cohort (NCT04227535), a national, multicenter, prospective case-control study designed to investigate the genetic and non-genetic determinants of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Methods
Cases with RA-ILD and RA controls without ILD were consecutively included in TRANSLATE2 with a 5-year prospective follow-up. All participants fulfilled the ACR/EULAR 2010 classification criteria for RA. ILD presence or absence was confirmed for every participant by chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Baseline demographic and clinical data were collected. Blood samples were collected at enrollment for centralized biobanking of DNA, RNA, and serum to support future genetic and biomarker studies. For ILD cases, chest HRCT scans were centrally reviewed to determine HRCT pattern. For the current study, associations with ILD were tested using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models.
Results
Among the 506 patients included (275 RA-ILD, 231 RA-noILD), RA-ILD cases were more frequently male (48.4% vs. 29.9%), older at enrollment (66.6 [9.9] vs. 58.5 [13.2] years) and older at RA onset (52.2 [14.7] vs. 45.8 [14.3] years). ILD was independently associated with male sex (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.06, 3.14) and older age at RA onset (OR per 10 years 1.28; 95% CI 1.10,1.50). For ILD cases, the most frequent HRCT patterns were definite for usual interstitial pneumonia (39.3%) and non-specific interstitial pneumonia (17.8%). At enrollment, respiratory symptoms were observed in 67.3% with a mean forced vital capacity % predicted of 87.6% (21.7) and a mean diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide % predicted of 58.4% (18.8).
Conclusion
The TRANSLATE2 cohort provides a comprehensive and deeply phenotyped dataset that offers a unique opportunity to investigate the genetic architecture, risk factors, and natural history of RA-ILD.
目的:描述TRANSLATE2队列(NCT04227535)患者的基线特征,TRANSLATE2队列是一项全国性、多中心、前瞻性病例对照研究,旨在研究类风湿关节炎(RA)中间质性肺疾病(ILD)的遗传和非遗传决定因素。方法:TRANSLATE2连续纳入RA-ILD病例和无ILD的RA对照,并进行5年前瞻性随访。所有参与者均符合ACR/EULAR 2010 RA分类标准。通过胸部高分辨率计算机断层扫描(HRCT)确认每位参与者是否存在ILD。收集基线人口统计学和临床数据。在入组时采集血样,用于DNA、RNA和血清的集中生物银行,以支持未来的遗传和生物标志物研究。对于ILD病例,集中复查胸部HRCT扫描以确定HRCT模式。在目前的研究中,使用单变量和多变量逻辑回归模型检验了与ILD的关系。结果:在纳入的506例患者中(275例RA- ild, 231例RA- noild), RA- ild患者多为男性(48.4%对29.9%),入组时年龄较大(66.6[9.9]对58.5[13.2]岁),RA发病时年龄较大(52.2[14.7]对45.8[14.3]岁)。ILD与男性(OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.06, 3.14)和RA发病年龄较大(OR每10年1.28;95% CI 1.10,1.50)独立相关。对于ILD病例,最常见的HRCT表现为常规间质性肺炎(39.3%)和非特异性间质性肺炎(17.8%)。入组时,67.3%的患者出现呼吸系统症状,预计平均强迫肺活量为87.6%(21.7%),预计平均一氧化碳肺弥散量为58.4%(18.8%)。结论:TRANSLATE2队列提供了一个全面而深入的表型数据集,为研究RA-ILD的遗传结构、风险因素和自然史提供了独特的机会。287/300单词。
{"title":"Baseline characteristics of the TRANSLATE2 cohort: A prospective study on rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","authors":"Pierre-Antoine Juge , Marie-Pierre Debray , Valérie Devauchelle Pensec , Christophe Richez , Jérôme Avouac , Lidwine Wemeau-Stervinou , René-Marc Flipo , Hilario Nunes , Nathalie Saidenberg-Kermanac’h , Jacques-Eric Gottenberg , Stéphane Jouneau , Arnaud Constantin , Vincent Cottin , Hubert Marotte , Martin Soubrier , Bruno Fautrel , Gaëtane Nocturne , Pascal Richette , Francis Berenbaum , Hagit Zylberman-Yona , Philippe Dieudé","doi":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To describe the baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the TRANSLATE2 cohort (<span><span>NCT04227535</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), a national, multicenter, prospective case-control study designed to investigate the genetic and non-genetic determinants of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cases with RA-ILD and RA controls without ILD were consecutively included in TRANSLATE2 with a 5-year prospective follow-up. All participants fulfilled the ACR/EULAR 2010 classification criteria for RA. ILD presence or absence was confirmed for every participant by chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Baseline demographic and clinical data were collected. Blood samples were collected at enrollment for centralized biobanking of DNA, RNA, and serum to support future genetic and biomarker studies. For ILD cases, chest HRCT scans were centrally reviewed to determine HRCT pattern. For the current study, associations with ILD were tested using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 506 patients included (275 RA-ILD, 231 RA-noILD), RA-ILD cases were more frequently male (48.4% vs. 29.9%), older at enrollment (66.6 [9.9] vs. 58.5 [13.2] years) and older at RA onset (52.2 [14.7] vs. 45.8 [14.3] years). ILD was independently associated with male sex (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.06, 3.14) and older age at RA onset (OR per 10 years 1.28; 95% CI 1.10,1.50). For ILD cases, the most frequent HRCT patterns were definite for usual interstitial pneumonia (39.3%) and non-specific interstitial pneumonia (17.8%). At enrollment, respiratory symptoms were observed in 67.3% with a mean forced vital capacity % predicted of 87.6% (21.7) and a mean diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide % predicted of 58.4% (18.8).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The TRANSLATE2 cohort provides a comprehensive and deeply phenotyped dataset that offers a unique opportunity to investigate the genetic architecture, risk factors, and natural history of RA-ILD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54902,"journal":{"name":"Joint Bone Spine","volume":"93 2","pages":"Article 105991"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-09-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105967
Nicolas Rosine , Corinne Miceli-Richard
{"title":"The failure of IL-23 targeted therapies in axial spondyloarthritis: an unexpected observation","authors":"Nicolas Rosine , Corinne Miceli-Richard","doi":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105967","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54902,"journal":{"name":"Joint Bone Spine","volume":"93 2","pages":"Article 105967"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105970
Nimetullah Aksoy , Guillaume Grenet , Maëlys Granal , Marine Auffret , François Gueyffier , Audrey Lajoinie , Jean-Christophe Lega , Emmanuel Massy , Arthur Gougeon
Objectives
The association between bisphosphonates (BP) and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) has been studied since 2006. However, meta-analyses conducted in 2014 and 2024 detected publication bias. Although it is often assumed that such bias diminishes over time, possibly due to the delayed publication of non-significant results, this trend has not been empirically confirmed in medicine. The aim of this study was to assess how publication bias has evolved in this safety context over time.
Methods
A systematic review was conducted on studies assessing the association between BP and ONJ. A cumulative, meta-analysis was performed to estimate the crude odds ratio (OR) year by year. Publication bias was assessed using a visual inspection of funnel plots and Egger's test. When publication bias was detected, the trim-and-fill method was applied to obtain an adjusted OR. The impact of publication bias was quantified using the ratio of odds ratios (ROR) (ORadjusted/ORcrude).
Results
Forty-four studies published between 2006 and 2025 were included. Publication bias was detected from 2008 to 2025. The ROR increased from 0.42 in 2008 to 0.66 in 2025, indicating overestimation of 58% and 34%, respectively. The greatest impact was observed between 2013 and 2020. Subgroup analyses showed stronger residual bias in non-cancer indications.
Conclusions
Although publication bias decreased over time, its impact persisted for 17 years. Consequently, risk perception may remain distorted for an extended period. This observation mirrors the dynamics of pharmacovigilance alerts, which often rely on initial publications. When publication bias is identified in previous meta-analyses, future updates should carefully reassess its presence, even many years later.
{"title":"Temporal evolution of publication bias in drug safety assessment: A case study on association between osteonecrosis of the jaw and bisphosphonates","authors":"Nimetullah Aksoy , Guillaume Grenet , Maëlys Granal , Marine Auffret , François Gueyffier , Audrey Lajoinie , Jean-Christophe Lega , Emmanuel Massy , Arthur Gougeon","doi":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The association between bisphosphonates (BP) and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) has been studied since 2006. However, meta-analyses conducted in 2014 and 2024 detected publication bias. Although it is often assumed that such bias diminishes over time, possibly due to the delayed publication of non-significant results, this trend has not been empirically confirmed in medicine. The aim of this study was to assess how publication bias has evolved in this safety context over time.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review was conducted on studies assessing the association between BP and ONJ. A cumulative, meta-analysis was performed to estimate the crude odds ratio (OR) year by year. Publication bias was assessed using a visual inspection of funnel plots and Egger's test. When publication bias was detected, the trim-and-fill method was applied to obtain an adjusted OR. The impact of publication bias was quantified using the ratio of odds ratios (ROR) (OR<sub>adjusted</sub>/OR<sub>crude</sub>).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty-four studies published between 2006 and 2025 were included. Publication bias was detected from 2008 to 2025. The ROR increased from 0.42 in 2008 to 0.66 in 2025, indicating overestimation of 58% and 34%, respectively. The greatest impact was observed between 2013 and 2020. Subgroup analyses showed stronger residual bias in non-cancer indications.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although publication bias decreased over time, its impact persisted for 17<!--> <!-->years. Consequently, risk perception may remain distorted for an extended period. This observation mirrors the dynamics of pharmacovigilance alerts, which often rely on initial publications. When publication bias is identified in previous meta-analyses, future updates should carefully reassess its presence, even many years later.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54902,"journal":{"name":"Joint Bone Spine","volume":"93 2","pages":"Article 105970"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105985
Patompong Ungprasert , Paul T. Kroner
Objectives
The inpatient epidemiology, morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditures associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc) remain poorly characterized. This study utilizes a national inpatient database to provide a comprehensive assessment of these parameters.
Methods
We identified adult patients with SSc from the 2021 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) using ICD-10-CM codes. The NIS, the largest publicly available all-payer inpatient healthcare database in the U.S., represents data from over 4000 non-federal acute care hospitals. A matched comparator group without SSc was created to serve as comparators. Extracted data included demographics, primary admission diagnoses, length of stay (LOS), in-hospital mortality and morbidity, comorbidities, and healthcare expenditures. Multivariable analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, Charlson Comorbidity Index, payer type, median income, and hospital characteristics.
Results
The inpatient prevalence of SSc was 86.7 per 100,000 admissions. The most common primary diagnoses among SSc hospitalizations were sepsis (22.7%), heart failure with hypertension (14.4%), and COVID-19 (11.5%). The cohort was predominantly female (84.2%) with a mean age of 63.5 years. Compared to non-SSc admissions, SSc hospitalizations were associated with significantly longer LOS (mean difference 0.7 days; 95% CI: 0.5–0.9) and greater healthcare costs, including an adjusted mean increase of $3277 in hospital costs (95% CI: $2051–$4504) and $11,801 in total charges (95% CI: $6485–$17,116). SSc was also associated with increased odds of in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR 1.42; 95% CI: 1.26–1.61), shock (aOR 1.30; 95% CI: 1.17–1.44), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (aOR 1.32; 95% CI: 1.01–1.74), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (aOR 1.45; 95% CI: 1.12–1.87). Multivariate analysis also revealed that patients with SSc had significantly higher odds of several comorbid conditions, including pulmonary hypertension, interstitial lung disease, osteoporosis, Sjögren's syndrome, and hypertension.
Conclusions
The inpatient prevalence of SSc exceeds its general population prevalence, indicating a high need for hospital-level care. Hospitalizations among patients with SSc are associated with worse clinical outcomes and significantly greater healthcare expenditures.
{"title":"Epidemiology, outcomes, and expenditures of hospitalized patients with systemic sclerosis: Insights from the U.S. National Inpatient Sample","authors":"Patompong Ungprasert , Paul T. Kroner","doi":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The inpatient epidemiology, morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditures associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc) remain poorly characterized. This study utilizes a national inpatient database to provide a comprehensive assessment of these parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We identified adult patients with SSc from the 2021 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) using ICD-10-CM codes. The NIS, the largest publicly available all-payer inpatient healthcare database in the U.S., represents data from over 4000 non-federal acute care hospitals. A matched comparator group without SSc was created to serve as comparators. Extracted data included demographics, primary admission diagnoses, length of stay (LOS), in-hospital mortality and morbidity, comorbidities, and healthcare expenditures. Multivariable analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, Charlson Comorbidity Index, payer type, median income, and hospital characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The inpatient prevalence of SSc was 86.7 per 100,000 admissions. The most common primary diagnoses among SSc hospitalizations were sepsis (22.7%), heart failure with hypertension (14.4%), and COVID-19 (11.5%). The cohort was predominantly female (84.2%) with a mean age of 63.5 years. Compared to non-SSc admissions, SSc hospitalizations were associated with significantly longer LOS (mean difference 0.7 days; 95% CI: 0.5–0.9) and greater healthcare costs, including an adjusted mean increase of $3277 in hospital costs (95% CI: $2051–$4504) and $11,801 in total charges (95% CI: $6485–$17,116). SSc was also associated with increased odds of in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR 1.42; 95% CI: 1.26–1.61), shock (aOR 1.30; 95% CI: 1.17–1.44), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (aOR 1.32; 95% CI: 1.01–1.74), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (aOR 1.45; 95% CI: 1.12–1.87). Multivariate analysis also revealed that patients with SSc had significantly higher odds of several comorbid conditions, including pulmonary hypertension, interstitial lung disease, osteoporosis, Sjögren's syndrome, and hypertension.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The inpatient prevalence of SSc exceeds its general population prevalence, indicating a high need for hospital-level care. Hospitalizations among patients with SSc are associated with worse clinical outcomes and significantly greater healthcare expenditures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54902,"journal":{"name":"Joint Bone Spine","volume":"93 2","pages":"Article 105985"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105994
Laëtitia Michou , Jacques P. Brown , Laurie Champagne , Maxime Vallée , Frédéric Fournier , Edith Gagnon , Arnaud Droit , Suzanne N. Morin
Objectives
We performed next generation sequencing in two affected-sibling pairs of atypical femur fractures (AFF) and in unrelated cases of AFF to identify genetic variants of bisphosphonates (BP)-associated AFF.
Methods
A whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in two sisters with BP-associated AFF and their healthy brother naïve to BP treatment (family A). After bioinformatic filtering, the intrafamilial segregation was analysed. Then, we performed targeted sequencing of 62 genes, including 36 genes containing variants predicted to be damaging and segregating with the phenotype in both sisters of the family A, and 26 candidate genes for osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), hypophosphatasia and the mevalonate pathway. The targeted sequencing was performed on the family A, and on 47 unrelated participants and another affected sibling pair (family B) from the Quebec AFF Registry. 100 healthy controls recruited in same geographic area than patients were genotyped for rare variants.
Results
Sixty-three rare and deleterious variants were detected by the WES and shared by the two affected sisters of the family A. Among those variants, a rare likely pathogenic variant (p.Leu3fs) of the WNT1 gene, already linked to OI and early onset osteoporosis, was also shared by a third individual, an unrelated case with BP-associated AFF. The pair of siblings of family B carried a novel variant (p.Glu1323fs) in the COL1A2 gene, linked to OI. One unrelated case had a novel variant in the FDFT1 gene, involved in the mevalonate pathway. These rare variants were not found in 100 healthy controls.
Conclusion
Some BP-associated AFFs may occur in the setting of clinically undiagnosed underlying genetic disorders predisposing to osteoporosis and fractures, such as OI.
{"title":"Identification of rare genetic variants in familial forms and unrelated cases of bisphosphonates-associated atypical femur fracture","authors":"Laëtitia Michou , Jacques P. Brown , Laurie Champagne , Maxime Vallée , Frédéric Fournier , Edith Gagnon , Arnaud Droit , Suzanne N. Morin","doi":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We performed next generation sequencing in two affected-sibling pairs of atypical femur fractures (AFF) and in unrelated cases of AFF to identify genetic variants of bisphosphonates (BP)-associated AFF.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in two sisters with BP-associated AFF and their healthy brother naïve to BP treatment (family A). After bioinformatic filtering, the intrafamilial segregation was analysed. Then, we performed targeted sequencing of 62 genes, including 36 genes containing variants predicted to be damaging and segregating with the phenotype in both sisters of the family A, and 26 candidate genes for osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), hypophosphatasia and the mevalonate pathway. The targeted sequencing was performed on the family A, and on 47 unrelated participants and another affected sibling pair (family B) from the Quebec AFF Registry. 100 healthy controls recruited in same geographic area than patients were genotyped for rare variants.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-three rare and deleterious variants were detected by the WES and shared by the two affected sisters of the family A. Among those variants, a rare likely pathogenic variant (p.Leu3fs) of the <em>WNT1</em> gene, already linked to OI and early onset osteoporosis, was also shared by a third individual, an unrelated case with BP-associated AFF. The pair of siblings of family B carried a novel variant (p.Glu1323fs) in the <em>COL1A2</em> gene, linked to OI. One unrelated case had a novel variant in the <em>FDFT1</em> gene, involved in the mevalonate pathway. These rare variants were not found in 100 healthy controls.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Some BP-associated AFFs may occur in the setting of clinically undiagnosed underlying genetic disorders predisposing to osteoporosis and fractures, such as OI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54902,"journal":{"name":"Joint Bone Spine","volume":"93 2","pages":"Article 105994"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145369367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are effective treatments for autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs). However, concomitant use of JAK inhibitors with CYP enzyme inhibitors or OAT3 inhibitors can lead to drug-drug interactions. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the concomitant use of CYP and OAT3 inhibitors on discontinuation of treatment and infectious complications in patients treated with JAK inhibitors.
Methods
Using the National Health Insurance Research Database, this retrospective cohort study included patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and atopic dermatitis treated with JAK inhibitors in 2021–2023. The risks of discontinuation of treatment and infectious complications were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for age, gender, other infectious and concomitant use of steroids or methotrexate.
Results
Among 7591 patients, concomitant use of strong CYP3A4, or CYP2C19 inhibitors increased the risk of treatment discontinuation for tofacitinib and baricitinib from 41% to 144%. The risk of overall infectious complications also increased when tofacitinib was used concomitantly with strong CYP2C19 inhibitors. The risk of pneumonia was further increased by concomitant use of strong CYP2C19 inhibitors with all JAK inhibitors and CYP3A4 inhibitors with tofacitinib. The risk of urinary tract infection was increased by concomitant use of strong CYP2C19 inhibitors when used with tofacitinib, or baricitinib.
Conclusions
Concomitant use of strong CYP3A4, and CYP2C19 inhibitors with JAK inhibitors significantly increases the risk of discontinuation of treatment and infectious complications in patients with AIRDs. Careful consideration of drug-drug interactions is necessary when prescribing JAK inhibitors to optimize treatment persistence and minimize adverse events.
{"title":"Impact of drug-drug interaction of JAK inhibitors, CYP enzyme inhibitors and OAT3 inhibitors on persistence and infection rates in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases","authors":"Yu-Hsuan Joni Shao , Tzu-Tung Kuo , Yi-Ju Liao , Yi-Ting Chen , I.-Chieh Chen , Chung-Mao Kao , Yen-Ju Chen , Yi-Ming Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are effective treatments for autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs). However, concomitant use of JAK inhibitors with CYP enzyme inhibitors or OAT3 inhibitors can lead to drug-drug interactions. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the concomitant use of CYP and OAT3 inhibitors on discontinuation of treatment and infectious complications in patients treated with JAK inhibitors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using the National Health Insurance Research Database, this retrospective cohort study included patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and atopic dermatitis treated with JAK inhibitors in 2021–2023. The risks of discontinuation of treatment and infectious complications were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for age, gender, other infectious and concomitant use of steroids or methotrexate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 7591 patients, concomitant use of strong CYP3A4, or CYP2C19 inhibitors increased the risk of treatment discontinuation for tofacitinib and baricitinib from 41% to 144%. The risk of overall infectious complications also increased when tofacitinib was used concomitantly with strong CYP2C19 inhibitors. The risk of pneumonia was further increased by concomitant use of strong CYP2C19 inhibitors with all JAK inhibitors and CYP3A4 inhibitors with tofacitinib. The risk of urinary tract infection was increased by concomitant use of strong CYP2C19 inhibitors when used with tofacitinib, or baricitinib.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Concomitant use of strong CYP3A4, and CYP2C19 inhibitors with JAK inhibitors significantly increases the risk of discontinuation of treatment and infectious complications in patients with AIRDs. Careful consideration of drug-drug interactions is necessary when prescribing JAK inhibitors to optimize treatment persistence and minimize adverse events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54902,"journal":{"name":"Joint Bone Spine","volume":"93 2","pages":"Article 105990"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.106027
Emilie Gefard , Thomas Fauthoux , Raphaëlle Meunier
This was a young female patient admitted to the rheumatology department with nasal and chest pain, which led to a diagnosis of polychondritis. Her medical history included myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), which had been considered stable during a hematological reassessment a few days earlier. During the evaluation, we observed immature blood cells and biological markers of macrophage activation. This acute rheumatological manifestation allowed us to diagnose rapidly progressive acute leukemia and offer her early treatment. She is currently in remission.
{"title":"Polychondritis revealing the acutisation of myelodysplasia into acute myeloid leukaemia in a 36-year-old woman: A case report","authors":"Emilie Gefard , Thomas Fauthoux , Raphaëlle Meunier","doi":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.106027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.106027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This was a young female patient admitted to the rheumatology department with nasal and chest pain, which led to a diagnosis of polychondritis. Her medical history included myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), which had been considered stable during a hematological reassessment a few days earlier. During the evaluation, we observed immature blood cells and biological markers of macrophage activation. This acute rheumatological manifestation allowed us to diagnose rapidly progressive acute leukemia and offer her early treatment. She is currently in remission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54902,"journal":{"name":"Joint Bone Spine","volume":"93 2","pages":"Article 106027"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145851331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}