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French Societies of Rheumatology and of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine recommendations for the management of people living with hand osteoarthritis 法国风湿病学会和物理和康复医学协会对患有手骨关节炎的人的管理建议。
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.106000
Alice Courties , Camille Daste , Alexis F. Homs , Inès Kouki , Françoise Alliot-Launois , Lisa Bialé , Pierre-Emmanuel Cailleaux , Adeline Cambon , Roland Chapurlat , Michel Chammas , Grégoire Cormier , Marie-Christine Fabre , Véronique Gaud-Listrat , Augustin Latourte , Antonio Lopez , Emmanuel Maheu , Nathalie Nayral , François Rannou , Anne-Christine Rat , Alexandra Rören , Jérémie Sellam

Objectives

To establish French recommendations for the management of people living with hand osteoarthritis (OA) on behalf of the French Society of Rheumatology (SFR) and of the French Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (SOFMER).

Methods

A systematic review of the literature, including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials on pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, was conducted from inception until November 24, 2023. Based on this review and expert consensus, a multidisciplinary group of 25 healthcare professionals—including rheumatologists, physical and rehabilitation medicine physicians, hand surgeons, general practitioner, geriatrician, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, and patients—formulated the recommendations. Each statement was assigned a level of evidence, a grade of recommendation, and a level of agreement based on EULAR standardized procedures for recommendations.

Results

The group established four general principles and 11 specific recommendations. The general principles emphasize treatment objectives, individualized management, patient education, and a multimodal approach combining non-pharmacological and pharmacological therapies. Four specific recommendations address non-pharmacological strategies, including exercise, ergonomic advice, assistive devices, orthoses and heat applications. The group advises against the use of electromagnetic waves, laser therapy, acupuncture, or kinesiotaping. Seven specific recommendations cover pharmacological treatments, advocating for topical and oral NSAIDs, acetaminophen, chondroitin sulfate for symptom relief, low-dose oral corticosteroids for inflammatory flares, and intra-articular steroid injections for inflammatory painful interphalangeal OA. Given the current data, the group advises against the use of conventional synthetic or biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs).

Conclusions

These recommendations provide a structured approach for the management of people living with hand OA in France, aligning with national healthcare practices and patient needs.
目的:代表法国风湿病学会(SFR)和法国物理与康复医学学会(SOFMER)建立法国对手骨关节炎(OA)患者管理的建议。方法:从研究开始到2023年11月24日,对文献进行系统综述,包括系统评价、荟萃分析和药物和非药物治疗的随机对照试验。基于这一综述和专家共识,一个由25名医疗保健专业人员组成的多学科小组——包括风湿病学家、物理和康复医学医师、手外科医生、全科医生、老年病专家、职业治疗师、物理治疗师和患者——制定了这些建议。每个陈述都被分配了一个证据水平、一个推荐等级和一个基于EULAR推荐标准化程序的一致性水平。结果:小组确定了4项一般原则和11项具体建议。一般原则强调治疗目标、个体化管理、患者教育以及结合非药物和药物治疗的多模式方法。四项具体建议涉及非药物策略,包括运动、人体工程学建议、辅助装置、矫形器和热应用。该组织建议不要使用电磁波、激光疗法、针灸或运动磁带疗法。七项具体建议包括药物治疗,提倡局部和口服非甾体抗炎药、对乙酰氨基酚、硫酸软骨素缓解症状,口服低剂量皮质类固醇治疗炎症发作,关节内类固醇注射治疗炎性疼痛的指间骨关节炎。鉴于目前的数据,该小组建议不要使用传统的合成或生物疾病缓解抗风湿药(DMARDs)。结论:这些建议为法国手部OA患者的管理提供了一种结构化的方法,与国家卫生保健实践和患者需求保持一致。
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引用次数: 0
Piezo1 at the crossroads: Mediating inflammation and mechanical stress in joint disorders Piezo1在十字路口:介导关节疾病的炎症和机械应力。
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105953
Siwen Chen , Zihao Li , Jingyu Zhang , Hui Liu
Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel, which plays a pivotal role in translating mechanical stress into cellular signaling, thereby influencing inflammatory responses and tissue remodeling in joint disorders. Current evidences showed that Piezo1 functions as a mechanotransducer and amplifier of inflammation across joint disorders including osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). In OA, Piezo1 mediates chondrocyte apoptosis and matrix degradation via calcium influx, NF-κB/MAPK activation, and ferroptosis, forming a feedback loop with IL-1α to exacerbate inflammation. In AS, Piezo1 drives pathological new bone formation through CaMKII signaling, synergizing with TNF-α/IL-17A to perpetuate entheseal inflammation. In IVDD, Piezo1-induced calcium dysregulation triggers mitochondrial dysfunction, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and YAP/TAZ-mediated extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, creating a self-amplifying cycle of mechanical stress and inflammation. Targeting Piezo1 emerges as a potential therapeutic strategy, with preclinical studies demonstrating inhibition of Piezo1 alleviates disease progression by disrupting mechanotransduction-inflammation crosstalk. However, challenges remain in achieving tissue-specific modulation. Future research should focus on elucidating Piezo1's context and developing precision therapeutics to restore mechanobiological balance in joint diseases.
Piezo1是一种机械敏感离子通道,在将机械应力转化为细胞信号,从而影响关节疾病的炎症反应和组织重塑中起关键作用。目前的证据表明,Piezo1作为关节疾病炎症的机械换能器和放大器,包括骨关节炎(OA)、类风湿性关节炎(RA)、强直性脊柱炎(as)和椎间盘退变(IVDD)。在骨性关节炎中,Piezo1通过钙内流、NF-κB/MAPK激活和铁下沉介导软骨细胞凋亡和基质降解,与IL-1α形成反馈回路,加剧炎症。在AS中,Piezo1通过CaMKII信号传导驱动病理性新骨形成,与TNF-α/IL-17A协同使骨膜炎症持续存在。在IVDD中,piezo1诱导的钙失调会引发线粒体功能障碍、NLRP3炎性体激活和YAP/ taz介导的细胞外基质(ECM)降解,从而形成机械应力和炎症的自我放大循环。靶向Piezo1是一种潜在的治疗策略,临床前研究表明,抑制Piezo1通过破坏机械转导-炎症串扰来缓解疾病进展。然而,在实现组织特异性调节方面仍然存在挑战。未来的研究应集中在阐明Piezo1的背景和开发精确的治疗方法,以恢复关节疾病的机械生物学平衡。
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引用次数: 0
Teleconsultation for rheumatoid arthritis: A selective therapeutic tool in routine care 类风湿性关节炎远程会诊:常规护理中的一种选择性治疗工具。
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105983
Jérôme Avouac, Olivier Fogel, Anna Molto, Yannick Allanore
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引用次数: 0
Cervical isthmic spondylolysis. 颈椎峡部裂。
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2026.106047
Alexandre Meynard, Pascale Vergne-Salle, François Caire
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引用次数: 0
Answer to Jing, et al 回答Jing等人。
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.106003
Yinglun Zhang , Zhibin Jin , Jing Yao , Dandan Wang , Yunxian Yu , Weijing Zhang
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引用次数: 0
Skin cancer risk in patients with non-dermatologic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases 非皮肤免疫介导炎症性疾病患者的皮肤癌风险
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105972
Jean-Guillaume Letarouilly , Pauline Wils , Delphine Staumont-Sallé , Denis Jullien , Laurent Mortier , Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet , Christophe Richez , Marie Boileau , René-Marc Flipo
Safety issues related to the risk of cancer associated with immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID) treatments have always been a major concern. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer, especially non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), with a steadily increasing incidence. Some guidelines recommend that all patients with IMID should undergo regular skin cancer screening due to a combination of treatment-related and disease-related risk factors. However, systematic skin cancer screening is still controversial because there is no substantial evidence that it reduces skin cancer mortality. Furthermore, dermatologists have insufficient resources to screen all IMID patients and need, therefore, to focus on at-risk patients. Such screening could also lead to overdiagnosis. In this review, we will summarise the data on the risk of skin cancer in patients with non-dermatologic IMID according to treatment. We will also propose an algorithm to help the clinician focus on those patients most needing annual skin screening.
与免疫介导炎症性疾病(IMID)治疗相关的癌症风险相关的安全性问题一直是人们关注的主要问题。皮肤癌是最常见的癌症类型,尤其是非黑色素瘤皮肤癌(NMSC),发病率稳步上升。一些指南建议,由于治疗相关和疾病相关的危险因素,所有患有IMID的患者都应定期进行皮肤癌筛查。然而,系统的皮肤癌筛查仍然存在争议,因为没有实质性的证据表明它可以降低皮肤癌的死亡率。此外,皮肤科医生没有足够的资源来筛查所有IMID患者,因此需要关注高危患者。这种筛查也可能导致过度诊断。在这篇综述中,我们将根据治疗方法总结非皮肤性IMID患者皮肤癌风险的数据。我们还将提出一种算法,以帮助临床医生关注那些最需要年度皮肤筛查的患者。
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引用次数: 0
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia of the thoracic cage 胸廓多骨性纤维发育不良。
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105968
Xingxin Hu, Yao Kong, Bingkui Li
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引用次数: 0
Understanding difficult-to-treat psoriatic arthritis: Data from the Rheumatic Diseases Portuguese Registry 了解难治性银屑病关节炎:来自葡萄牙风湿病登记处的数据。
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105949
Catarina Abreu , Vanessa Fraga , Sara Dias Rodrigues , Laura Gago , Susana Almeida , Catarina Dantas Soares , Maria Pontes Ferreira , Carlos Marques-Gomes , Mariana Diz-Lopes , Miguel Bernardes , João Menezes , Carolina Ochôa Matos , Elsa Vieira-Sousa , Tiago Beirão , João Oliveira , Mariana Luís , Rodrigo Rei , Rafaela Nicolau , Cláudia Pinto Oliveira , Carolina Vilafanha , Maria José Santos

Objectives

To estimate the proportion and identify predictors of difficult-to-treat (D2T) psoriatic arthritis (PsA).

Methods

A multicentre observational retrospective study was conducted with patients registered in the Rheumatic Diseases Portuguese Registry (Reuma.pt). Two different definitions were used to classify D2T PsA. The first criterion (treatment failure) is defined by the failure of  2 b/tsDMARDs (first definition) or  3 b/tsDMARDs (second definition), both with different MoAs; and the second criterion is defined by the presence of signs suggestive of active/progressive disease.

Results

In total, 1873 patients were included, of whom 3.7% (n = 70) were classified as having D2T PsA according to the first definition and 0.9% (n = 17) as having D2T PsA according to the second definition. D2T PsA was associated with a younger age at symptom onset (37.5 ± 11.0 vs. 41.4 ± 12.8; P < 0.01) and at diagnosis (40.7 ± 10.5 vs. 44.7 ± 12.3; P < 0.01), polyarticular phenotype (77.6% vs. 53.6%; P < 0.001), depression (10.9% vs. 5%; P < 0.05), and enthesitis (47.1% vs. 33.5%; P < 0.05) and lower body mass index (26.5[6.1] vs. 27.7[6.1]; P < 0.01). D2T PsA patients presented with higher tender (13.4[14.5] vs. 6[8]; P < 0.001) and swollen joint counts (9[9] vs. 4[6]; P < 0.001) and higher DAPSA (38.2[31.6] vs. 25.4[15.6]; P < 0.001) at baseline. Polyarticular disease (OR: 3.09), increased baseline swollen joint count (OR: 1.12), and treatment duration on the first b/tsDMARDs (P < 0.01) were predictors of D2T PsA.

Conclusion

D2T PsA proportions varied between 0.9% and 3.7%. D2T PsA patients had higher disease activity scores before the initiation of their first b/tsDMARDs and higher rates of treatment discontinuation.
目的:估计难以治疗(D2T)银屑病关节炎(PsA)的比例并确定预测因素。方法:对在葡萄牙风湿病登记处(Reuma.pt)登记的患者进行多中心观察性回顾性研究。两种不同的定义用于分类D2T PsA。第一个标准(治疗失败)定义为失败≥2 b/ tsdmard(第一定义)或≥3 b/ tsdmard(第二定义),两者具有不同的moa;第二个标准是通过存在提示活动性/进行性疾病的迹象来定义的。结果:纳入1873例患者,其中3.7% (n=70)为第一种定义的D2T PsA, 0.9% (n=17)为第二种定义的D2T PsA。D2T PsA与发病年龄较轻相关(37.5±11.0 vs 41.4±12.8;结论:D2T PsA比例在0.9% ~ 3.7%之间。D2T PsA患者在开始第一次b/ tsdmard治疗前具有较高的疾病活动性评分和较高的停药率。
{"title":"Understanding difficult-to-treat psoriatic arthritis: Data from the Rheumatic Diseases Portuguese Registry","authors":"Catarina Abreu ,&nbsp;Vanessa Fraga ,&nbsp;Sara Dias Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Laura Gago ,&nbsp;Susana Almeida ,&nbsp;Catarina Dantas Soares ,&nbsp;Maria Pontes Ferreira ,&nbsp;Carlos Marques-Gomes ,&nbsp;Mariana Diz-Lopes ,&nbsp;Miguel Bernardes ,&nbsp;João Menezes ,&nbsp;Carolina Ochôa Matos ,&nbsp;Elsa Vieira-Sousa ,&nbsp;Tiago Beirão ,&nbsp;João Oliveira ,&nbsp;Mariana Luís ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Rei ,&nbsp;Rafaela Nicolau ,&nbsp;Cláudia Pinto Oliveira ,&nbsp;Carolina Vilafanha ,&nbsp;Maria José Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To estimate the proportion and identify predictors of difficult-to-treat (D2T) psoriatic arthritis (PsA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A multicentre observational retrospective study was conducted with patients registered in the Rheumatic Diseases Portuguese Registry (Reuma.pt). Two different definitions were used to classify D2T PsA. The first criterion (treatment failure) is defined by the failure of<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->2 b/tsDMARDs (first definition) or<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->3 b/tsDMARDs (second definition), both with different MoAs; and the second criterion is defined by the presence of signs suggestive of active/progressive disease.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 1873 patients were included, of whom 3.7% (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->70) were classified as having D2T PsA according to the first definition and 0.9% (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->17) as having D2T PsA according to the second definition. D2T PsA was associated with a younger age at symptom onset (37.5<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->11.0 vs. 41.4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->12.8; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.01) and at diagnosis (40.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->10.5 vs. 44.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->12.3; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.01), polyarticular phenotype (77.6% vs. 53.6%; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001), depression (10.9% vs. 5%; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05), and enthesitis (47.1% vs. 33.5%; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05) and lower body mass index (26.5[6.1] vs. 27.7[6.1]; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.01). D2T PsA patients presented with higher tender (13.4[14.5] vs. 6[8]; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001) and swollen joint counts (9[9] vs. 4[6]; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001) and higher DAPSA (38.2[31.6] vs. 25.4[15.6]; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001) at baseline. Polyarticular disease (OR: 3.09), increased baseline swollen joint count (OR: 1.12), and treatment duration on the first b/tsDMARDs (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.01) were predictors of D2T PsA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>D2T PsA proportions varied between 0.9% and 3.7%. D2T PsA patients had higher disease activity scores before the initiation of their first b/tsDMARDs and higher rates of treatment discontinuation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54902,"journal":{"name":"Joint Bone Spine","volume":"93 1","pages":"Article 105949"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Practical management of rheumatic immune-related adverse events occurring with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A narrative review 风湿病免疫相关不良事件发生免疫检查点抑制剂的实际管理:叙述性回顾。
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105938
Alice Tison , Thomas Escoda , Marie Kostine , Divi Cornec , Laurent Chiche
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically changed the management of cancer and their indications are expanding, leading to an increase in immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Recently, attention has focused on previously underestimated rheumatic irAEs, including inflammatory arthritis (IA), polymyalgia rheumatica-like phenotypes and Sicca syndrome, but also fasciitis, and rare but severe immune mediated myositis, with a possible association with myasthenia-like symptoms or myocarditis. Rheumatic irAEs may have a prolonged course and affect a patient's quality of life. Patients with IA or systemic autoimmune disease prior to ICI initiation are also at risk of flares. Current management of rheumatic toxicities relies on the opinion of experts, mostly based on the management of the classical rheumatic conditions they mimic. Due to the lack of high-quality data in the literature, few recommendations are available, with remaining concerns regarding the impact of immunosuppressive drugs on cancer response. The aim of this article is to provide practical guidelines to help rheumatologists and oncologists in their daily practice to deal with ICI related inflammatory rheumatic conditions, from the introduction of an ICI in the case of preexisting autoimmune disease, to the occurrence of rheumatic toxicity, as well as discussions concerning ICI rechallenge after a severe rheumatic irAE.
免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)极大地改变了癌症的治疗,其适应症正在扩大,导致免疫相关不良事件(irAEs)的增加。最近,人们的注意力集中在以前被低估的风湿性关节炎,包括炎症性关节炎(IA),风湿性多肌痛表型和Sicca综合征,以及筋膜炎,罕见但严重的免疫介导的肌炎,可能与肌无力样症状或心肌炎有关。风湿性irae病程延长,影响患者的生活质量。在ICI开始前患有IA或全身性自身免疫性疾病的患者也有发作的风险。目前风湿病毒性的管理依赖于专家的意见,主要是基于他们模仿的经典风湿病条件的管理。由于文献中缺乏高质量的数据,很少有建议,仍然关注免疫抑制药物对癌症反应的影响。本文的目的是提供实用指南,以帮助风湿病学家和肿瘤学家在日常实践中处理与ICI相关的风湿性炎症性疾病,从先前存在自身免疫性疾病的ICI引入到风湿性毒性的发生,以及讨论严重风湿性irAE后ICI再挑战。
{"title":"Practical management of rheumatic immune-related adverse events occurring with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A narrative review","authors":"Alice Tison ,&nbsp;Thomas Escoda ,&nbsp;Marie Kostine ,&nbsp;Divi Cornec ,&nbsp;Laurent Chiche","doi":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically changed the management of cancer and their indications are expanding, leading to an increase in immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Recently, attention has focused on previously underestimated rheumatic irAEs, including inflammatory arthritis (IA), polymyalgia rheumatica-like phenotypes and Sicca syndrome, but also fasciitis, and rare but severe immune mediated myositis, with a possible association with myasthenia-like symptoms or myocarditis. Rheumatic irAEs may have a prolonged course and affect a patient's quality of life. Patients with IA or systemic autoimmune disease prior to ICI initiation are also at risk of flares. Current management of rheumatic toxicities relies on the opinion of experts, mostly based on the management of the classical rheumatic conditions they mimic. Due to the lack of high-quality data in the literature, few recommendations are available, with remaining concerns regarding the impact of immunosuppressive drugs on cancer response. The aim of this article is to provide practical guidelines to help rheumatologists and oncologists in their daily practice to deal with ICI related inflammatory rheumatic conditions, from the introduction of an ICI in the case of preexisting autoimmune disease, to the occurrence of rheumatic toxicity, as well as discussions concerning ICI rechallenge after a severe rheumatic irAE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54902,"journal":{"name":"Joint Bone Spine","volume":"93 1","pages":"Article 105938"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Residual disease in axial spondyloarthritis. Facts and issues 轴性脊柱炎的残留病。事实和问题。
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105943
Daniel Wendling , Philippe Goupille , Frank Verhoeven , Clément Prati
Residual disease in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is defined by the persistence of signs, symptoms, or disease burden despite active treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) inflammation may still be present in up to one-third of patients in clinical remission. Moreover, residual symptoms are frequently reported in patients with low disease activity (LDA), with 20–40% of patients experiencing pain or fatigue scores greater than 4 out of 10 on a visual analogue scale. Nociplastic pain (central sensitization) and neuropathic pain components are commonly associated with residual symptoms, as is female gender. Other contributing factors may include psycho-behavioral disorders, low physical activity, sarcopenia, sleep disturbances, and comorbidities. This residual disease is a key feature of difficult-to-manage (D2M) axSpA. A comprehensive assessment of the patient's context and a thorough evaluation of pain mechanisms are essential first steps in the management of these patients. Non-pharmacological strategies should be prioritized and reinforced in this setting, while certain targeted disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) may have a specific effect on pain independently of their anti-inflammatory properties. There is a pressing need for new biomarkers that more specifically reflect the inflammatory process in spondyloarthritis, as therapeutic response is currently assessed primarily through patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Although no consensus definition exists to date, the recognition of residual disease and its associated factors is crucial in axSpA – particularly in a condition where objective signs of inflammation may be absent – to prevent overtreatment.
轴性脊柱炎(axSpA)的残留疾病定义为尽管积极治疗,体征、症状或疾病负担的持续存在。磁共振成像(MRI)炎症可能仍然存在于高达三分之一的患者在临床缓解。此外,在低疾病活动性(LDA)患者中经常报告残留症状,20-40%的患者在视觉模拟量表上的疼痛或疲劳评分大于4分(满分为10分)。伤害性疼痛(中枢致敏)和神经性疼痛成分通常与残留症状相关,女性也是如此。其他影响因素可能包括心理行为障碍、低体力活动、肌肉减少症、睡眠障碍和合并症。这种残留疾病是难治性(D2M) axSpA的一个关键特征。全面评估患者的情况和疼痛机制的彻底评估是必不可少的第一步,在这些患者的管理。在这种情况下,应优先考虑和加强非药物策略,而某些靶向疾病改善抗风湿药物(DMARDs)可能独立于其抗炎特性对疼痛具有特定作用。由于目前主要通过患者报告的预后(PROs)来评估治疗反应,因此迫切需要能够更具体地反映脊椎关节炎炎症过程的新生物标志物。尽管迄今为止没有一致的定义,但识别残留疾病及其相关因素对于axspa至关重要-特别是在可能没有客观炎症迹象的情况下-以防止过度治疗。
{"title":"Residual disease in axial spondyloarthritis. Facts and issues","authors":"Daniel Wendling ,&nbsp;Philippe Goupille ,&nbsp;Frank Verhoeven ,&nbsp;Clément Prati","doi":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbspin.2025.105943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Residual disease in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is defined by the persistence of signs, symptoms, or disease burden despite active treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) inflammation may still be present in up to one-third of patients in clinical remission. Moreover, residual symptoms are frequently reported in patients with low disease activity (LDA), with 20–40% of patients experiencing pain or fatigue scores greater than 4 out of 10 on a visual analogue scale. Nociplastic pain (central sensitization) and neuropathic pain components are commonly associated with residual symptoms, as is female gender. Other contributing factors may include psycho-behavioral disorders, low physical activity, sarcopenia, sleep disturbances, and comorbidities. This residual disease is a key feature of difficult-to-manage (D2M) axSpA. A comprehensive assessment of the patient's context and a thorough evaluation of pain mechanisms are essential first steps in the management of these patients. Non-pharmacological strategies should be prioritized and reinforced in this setting, while certain targeted disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) may have a specific effect on pain independently of their anti-inflammatory properties. There is a pressing need for new biomarkers that more specifically reflect the inflammatory process in spondyloarthritis, as therapeutic response is currently assessed primarily through patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Although no consensus definition exists to date, the recognition of residual disease and its associated factors is crucial in axSpA – particularly in a condition where objective signs of inflammation may be absent – to prevent overtreatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54902,"journal":{"name":"Joint Bone Spine","volume":"93 1","pages":"Article 105943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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