Gustavo Hormiga, Siddharth Kulkarni, Miquel Arnedo, Dimitar Dimitrov, Gonzalo Giribet, Robert J. Kallal, Nikolaj Scharff
We complement and expand the existing descriptions of the Australian araneid spider Paraplectanoides crassipes Keyserling, 1886, and provide the first detailed analysis of the male palpal homologies to include examination of the expanded organ and scanning electron micrographs of the palpal sclerites. We study the placement of Paraplectanoides and the classification of the family Araneidae by combining ultraconserved elements with Sanger markers. We also added Sanger sequences of the Australian araneid genus Venomius to the molecular dataset of Scharff et al. (2020) to explore the phylogenetic placement and implications for classification of the family. We evaluate a recent proposal on the classification of the family Araneidae by Kuntner et al. (2023) in which a new family is erected for P. crassipes. Paraplectanoides is monotypic. Examination of the type material shows that Paraplectanoides kochi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877 is misplaced in the genus and the name is a senior synonym of the araneid Isoxya penizoides Simon, 1887 (new synonymy) that results in the new combinationIsoxya kochi (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877). The classification of Araneidae is revised and the following nomenclatural acts are introduced: Paraplectanoididae Kuntner, Coddington, Agnarsson and Bond, 2023 is a junior synonym of Araneidae Clerck, 1757 new synonymy; phonognathines and nephilines are subfamilies of Araneidae (Subfamily Phonognathinae Simon, 1894 rank resurrected; and Subfamily Nephilinae Simon, 1894 rank resurrected). The results of our analyses corroborate the sister group relationship between Paraplectanoides and the araneid subfamily Nephilinae. Venomius is sister to the Nephilinae + Paraplectanoides clade. The placement of the oarcine araneids and Venomius renders the family Araneidae non-monophyletic if this were to be circumscribed as in Kuntner et al. (2023). In light of the paucity of data that the latter study presents, and in absence of a robust, stable and more densely sampled phylogenetic analysis of Araneidae, the changes and definitions introduced by that classification are premature and could lead to a large number of new families for what once were araneid species if the maximum-crown-clade family definitions were to be used. Consequently, we argue for restoring the familial and subfamilial classification of Araneidae of Dimitrov et al. (2017), Scharff et al. (2020) and Kallal et al. (2020).
我们补充和扩展了澳大利亚蜘蛛Paraplectanoides crassipes Keyserling, 1886的现有描述，并提供了第一个详细的雄性触目同源性分析，包括对扩展器官的检查和触目巩膜的扫描电子显微照片。本文采用超保守元素与Sanger标记相结合的方法研究了拟蜘蛛科的定位和分类。我们还将澳大利亚蜘蛛属Venomius的Sanger序列添加到Scharff et al.(2020)的分子数据集中，以探索该家族的系统发育定位及其分类意义。我们评估了Kuntner等人(2023)最近提出的关于蜘蛛科分类的建议，其中为P. crassipes建立了一个新的科。副仙人掌属单型。对模式材料的检查表明，Paraplectanoides kochi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877在属中是错位的，并且该名称是蜘蛛纲Isoxya penizoides Simon, 1887(新同义词)的高级同义词，从而形成新的组合Isoxya kochi (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877)。对蜘蛛科的分类进行了修订，并介绍了以下命名行为:Paraplectanoididae Kuntner, Coddington, Agnarsson和Bond, 2023是Araneidae Clerck的初级同义，1757是新同义;phonognathines和nephilines是蜘蛛科(phonognathae Simon亚科，1894等级复活)的亚科;和Nephilinae Simon亚科，1894等级复活)。我们的分析结果证实了Paraplectanoides和蜘蛛亚科Nephilinae之间的姐妹类群关系。金星是Nephilinae + Paraplectanoides分支的姐妹。如果按照Kuntner et al.(2023)的说法来界定的话，卵蛛和毒液蛛的位置使得蛛科是非单系的。鉴于后一项研究提供的数据缺乏，并且缺乏对蜘蛛科进行稳健、稳定和更密集采样的系统发育分析，该分类所引入的变化和定义是过早的，如果使用最大冠枝科定义，可能会导致大量曾经是蜘蛛科物种的新科。因此，我们主张恢复Dimitrov等人(2017)、Scharff等人(2020)和Kallal等人(2020)的蛛科和亚科分类。
{"title":"Genitalic morphology and phylogenomic placement of the Australian spider Paraplectanoides crassipes Keyserling, 1886 (Araneae, Araneidae) with a discussion on the classification of the family Araneidae","authors":"Gustavo Hormiga, Siddharth Kulkarni, Miquel Arnedo, Dimitar Dimitrov, Gonzalo Giribet, Robert J. Kallal, Nikolaj Scharff","doi":"10.1071/is23050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/is23050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We complement and expand the existing descriptions of the Australian araneid spider <i>Paraplectanoides crassipes</i> Keyserling, 1886, and provide the first detailed analysis of the male palpal homologies to include examination of the expanded organ and scanning electron micrographs of the palpal sclerites. We study the placement of <i>Paraplectanoides</i> and the classification of the family Araneidae by combining ultraconserved elements with Sanger markers. We also added Sanger sequences of the Australian araneid genus <i>Venomius</i> to the molecular dataset of Scharff <i>et al</i>. (2020) to explore the phylogenetic placement and implications for classification of the family. We evaluate a recent proposal on the classification of the family Araneidae by Kuntner <i>et al.</i> (2023) in which a new family is erected for <i>P. crassipes</i>. <i>Paraplectanoides</i> is monotypic. Examination of the type material shows that <i>Paraplectanoides kochi</i> O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877 is misplaced in the genus and the name is a senior synonym of the araneid <i>Isoxya penizoides</i> Simon, 1887 (<b>new synonymy</b>) that results in the <b>new combination</b> <i>Isoxya kochi</i> (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877). The classification of Araneidae is revised and the following nomenclatural acts are introduced: Paraplectanoididae Kuntner, Coddington, Agnarsson and Bond, 2023 is a junior synonym of Araneidae Clerck, 1757 <b>new synonymy</b>; phonognathines and nephilines are subfamilies of Araneidae (Subfamily Phonognathinae Simon, 1894 <b>rank resurrected</b>; and Subfamily Nephilinae Simon, 1894 <b>rank resurrected</b>). The results of our analyses corroborate the sister group relationship between <i>Paraplectanoides</i> and the araneid subfamily Nephilinae. <i>Venomius</i> is sister to the Nephilinae + <i>Paraplectanoides</i> clade. The placement of the oarcine araneids and <i>Venomius</i> renders the family Araneidae non-monophyletic if this were to be circumscribed as in Kuntner <i>et al</i>. (2023). In light of the paucity of data that the latter study presents, and in absence of a robust, stable and more densely sampled phylogenetic analysis of Araneidae, the changes and definitions introduced by that classification are premature and could lead to a large number of new families for what once were araneid species if the maximum-crown-clade family definitions were to be used. Consequently, we argue for restoring the familial and subfamilial classification of Araneidae of Dimitrov <i>et al</i>. (2017), Scharff <i>et al</i>. (2020) and Kallal <i>et al</i>. (2020).</p>","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"6 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138513011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayman Khamis Elsayed, Yasuko Kobayashi, Raymond J. Gagné, Makoto Tokuda
The monotypic genus Enigmadiplosis Harris (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) was placed in the tribe Clinodiplosini based on adult morphology, but the genus is somewhat puzzling because larvae are typical for the tribe Cecidomyiini. In this study, we describe Enigmadiplosis harrisi sp. nov., a pest species that damages young leaves of the ornamental shrub Rhododendron pulchrum in Mie Prefecture, Honshu, Japan. We also conducted a molecular phylogenetic analysis to confirm the tribal placement. The result clearly indicates that Enigmadiplosis belongs to Cecidomyiini and we therefore assign the genus to that tribe. In addition, we redescribe Clinodiplosis rhododendri (Felt) that forms leaf-roll galls on Rhododendron spp. in eastern North America to allay future questions as to the identity and show that this is unrelated to the new Japanese species.
{"title":"New hypothesis of the tribal placement puzzle of Enigmadiplosis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), with description of a new pest species on Rhododendron (Ericaceae) in Japan","authors":"Ayman Khamis Elsayed, Yasuko Kobayashi, Raymond J. Gagné, Makoto Tokuda","doi":"10.1071/is23033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/is23033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The monotypic genus <i>Enigmadiplosis</i> Harris (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) was placed in the tribe Clinodiplosini based on adult morphology, but the genus is somewhat puzzling because larvae are typical for the tribe Cecidomyiini. In this study, we describe <i>Enigmadiplosis harrisi</i> sp. nov., a pest species that damages young leaves of the ornamental shrub <i>Rhododendron pulchrum</i> in Mie Prefecture, Honshu, Japan. We also conducted a molecular phylogenetic analysis to confirm the tribal placement. The result clearly indicates that <i>Enigmadiplosis</i> belongs to Cecidomyiini and we therefore assign the genus to that tribe. In addition, we redescribe <i>Clinodiplosis rhododendri</i> (Felt) that forms leaf-roll galls on <i>Rhododendron</i> spp. in eastern North America to allay future questions as to the identity and show that this is unrelated to the new Japanese species.</p><p>ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D2B4A731-271F-4A11-90BB-258725FB9F45</p>","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138513020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anushree S. Jadhav, Surya Narayanan, Chinta Sidharthan, F. Köhler, N. A. Aravind
ABSTRACT The pachychilid genus Brotia H. Adams, 1866, distributed across South and South-East Asia, comprises 46 currently accepted species. Although Brotia has recently been revised, the systematic treatment of the Indian species requires further scrutiny. This study aims to resolve the phylogenetic relationships between Brotia species from north-east India and estimate the divergence using two mitochondrial markers, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S). Species delimitation analyses have revealed six to nine distinct species in north-east India instead of the single currently known species. We confirm the monophyly of Brotia from the entire distributional range in South and South-East Asia and show that all Indian species form a single clade nested within the South-East Asian radiation. We conclude that Brotia has a South-East Asian origin, with two independent dispersals into India since the early Eocene and through the Oligocene, eventually splitting from ancestors during the late Cretaceous. Further integrative taxonomic research is needed to resolve the taxonomic status of the candidate species delineated herein and reveal the exact number of species in north-east India. This is the first phylogenetic analysis of Brotia from India, significantly improving our understanding of Indian freshwater gastropod fauna.
{"title":"Phylogeny of freshwater mollusc genus Brotia H. Adams, 1866 (Gastropoda: Pachychilidae) from north-east India","authors":"Anushree S. Jadhav, Surya Narayanan, Chinta Sidharthan, F. Köhler, N. A. Aravind","doi":"10.1071/IS23037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS23037","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The pachychilid genus Brotia H. Adams, 1866, distributed across South and South-East Asia, comprises 46 currently accepted species. Although Brotia has recently been revised, the systematic treatment of the Indian species requires further scrutiny. This study aims to resolve the phylogenetic relationships between Brotia species from north-east India and estimate the divergence using two mitochondrial markers, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S). Species delimitation analyses have revealed six to nine distinct species in north-east India instead of the single currently known species. We confirm the monophyly of Brotia from the entire distributional range in South and South-East Asia and show that all Indian species form a single clade nested within the South-East Asian radiation. We conclude that Brotia has a South-East Asian origin, with two independent dispersals into India since the early Eocene and through the Oligocene, eventually splitting from ancestors during the late Cretaceous. Further integrative taxonomic research is needed to resolve the taxonomic status of the candidate species delineated herein and reveal the exact number of species in north-east India. This is the first phylogenetic analysis of Brotia from India, significantly improving our understanding of Indian freshwater gastropod fauna.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"16 6","pages":"772 - 781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pseudoscorpion family Garypinidae is globally distributed with 79 species in 21 genera and several species represented by Mesozoic and Eocene fossils. This was recently included with the family Larcidae in a unique superfamily, Garypinoidea but there are no phylogenetic hypotheses for the group. Sequence data were obtained for 14 species in 8 genera and numerous outgroup taxa that formed the basis for a preliminary molecular phylogeny. A new subfamily classification is proposed with Protogarypininae, subfamily nov. comprising five genera mostly found in the southern hemisphere, Amblyolpiinae subfamily nov. comprising two genera and Garypininae for the remaining genera. Several new taxa are described including the first Australian species of Aldabrinus, A. rixi sp. nov., a new genus from South-East Asia, Nobilipinus, comprising Nobilipinus nobilis (With, 1906), N. vachoni (Redikorzev, 1938) (that is removed from the synonymy of G. nobilis) and five new species, N. affinis, N. galeatus, N. karenae, N. kohi and N. tricosus, and Solinus pingrup sp. nov. from south-western Australia. Paraldabrinus Beier, 1966 is newly synonymised with Aldabrinus, and Indogarypinus Murthy and Ananthakrishan, 1977 is newly synonymised with Solinus. The holotype of Garypinus mirabilis With, 1907 from Hawaii is redescribed but found to be a tritonymph, rendering the generic identity uncertain. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E15E4705-0697-4208-9338-A778343996CA
伪蝎科Garypinidae全球分布有21属79种，以中生代和始新世化石为代表。这是最近被纳入家族Larcidae在一个独特的超家族，Garypinoidea，但没有系统发育的假设。获得了8属14种和多个外群分类群的序列数据，为初步分子系统发育奠定了基础。在此基础上，提出了一种新的昆虫亚科分类方法:原Garypininae 11 .亚科包括5属，amblyolpinae 11 .亚科包括2属，其余属为Garypininae。描述了几个新的分类群，包括澳大利亚的第一个Aldabrinus种，a. rixi sp. nov.(东南亚的一个新属)，Nobilipinus，包括Nobilipinus nobilis (With, 1906)， N. vachoni (Redikorzev, 1938)(从G. nobilis的同义植物中删除)和5个新种，N. affinis, N. galeatus, N. karenae, N. kohi和N. tricosus，以及来自澳大利亚西南部的Solinus pingroup sp. nov.。Aldabrinus Beier(1966)和Indogarypinus Murthy and ananthakriishan(1977)分别为Aldabrinus和Solinus的新同义词。来自夏威夷的Garypinus mirabilis With, 1907的全型被重新描述，但发现是一个三音母，使得一般身份不确定。ZooBank: urn: lsid zoobank.org:酒吧:e15e4705 - 0697 - 4208 - 9338 - a778343996ca
{"title":"A preliminary phylogeny for the pseudoscorpion family Garypinidae (Pseudoscorpiones: Garypinoidea), with new taxa and remarks on the Australasian fauna","authors":"Mark S. Harvey","doi":"10.1071/is23029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/is23029","url":null,"abstract":"The pseudoscorpion family Garypinidae is globally distributed with 79 species in 21 genera and several species represented by Mesozoic and Eocene fossils. This was recently included with the family Larcidae in a unique superfamily, Garypinoidea but there are no phylogenetic hypotheses for the group. Sequence data were obtained for 14 species in 8 genera and numerous outgroup taxa that formed the basis for a preliminary molecular phylogeny. A new subfamily classification is proposed with Protogarypininae, subfamily nov. comprising five genera mostly found in the southern hemisphere, Amblyolpiinae subfamily nov. comprising two genera and Garypininae for the remaining genera. Several new taxa are described including the first Australian species of Aldabrinus, A. rixi sp. nov., a new genus from South-East Asia, Nobilipinus, comprising Nobilipinus nobilis (With, 1906), N. vachoni (Redikorzev, 1938) (that is removed from the synonymy of G. nobilis) and five new species, N. affinis, N. galeatus, N. karenae, N. kohi and N. tricosus, and Solinus pingrup sp. nov. from south-western Australia. Paraldabrinus Beier, 1966 is newly synonymised with Aldabrinus, and Indogarypinus Murthy and Ananthakrishan, 1977 is newly synonymised with Solinus. The holotype of Garypinus mirabilis With, 1907 from Hawaii is redescribed but found to be a tritonymph, rendering the generic identity uncertain. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E15E4705-0697-4208-9338-A778343996CA","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134885673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruiwen Wu, Lili Liu, Xiongjun Liu, Yingying Ye, Xiaoping Wu, Zhicai Xie, Zhenyuan Liu, Zhengfei Li
Cyrenoidea is a superfamily of bivalves (Bivalvia: Imparidentia) currently comprising three families (Cyrenidae, Cyrenoididae and Glauconomidae). The superfamily is widely distributed in marine, brackish and freshwater environments, with an estimated 60 or more living species. Recent phylogenetic results have confirmed the monophyly of Cyrenoidea and placement in Venerida. Nevertheless, a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of Cyrenoidea remains elusive and the phylogeny is unresolved due to inadequate sampling in previous studies. Moreover, the taxonomy and delimitation of most species, originally based on shell morphology, have not yet been tested with molecular data. Here, we constructed three molecular datasets by sequencing three markers (COI+16S rRNA+28S rRNA) and complete mitogenomes for Geloina coaxans (Gmelin, 1791) and Glauconome virens (Linnaeus, 1767). COI barcoding clarifies the validity of Geloina coaxans and Geloina erosa that have been subject to controversy regarding synonymy. Additionally, the barcoding supports the existence of multiple cryptic species within the Geloina expansa complex. A multi-locus dataset (COI+16S rRNA+28S rRNA) provides the most comprehensive phylogeny of all eight recognised genera of Cyrenoidea to date. Phylogenetic results indicate that the currently recognised family Cyrenidae is polyphyletic. The type species Geloina coaxans, Cyanocyclas limosa (Maton, 1811) and Polymesoda caroliniana (Bosc, 1801) that have long been classified within the family Cyrenidae based on shell morphology, have a closer relationship with Cyrenoida floridana Dall, 1896 than with other Cyrenidae. Therefore we transfer the genera Geloina, Cyanocyclas and Polymesoda from the family Cyrenidae to the family Cyrenoididae. The mitochondrial phylogenomics further support the family-level relationships in Cyrenoidea obtained from the three-gene analyses, confirming that the newly defined Cyrenoididae is closely related to Glauconomidae as the sister group. We observed a novel gene arrangement in Glauconome virens, the first report on the mitogenome of the family Glauconomidae, by comparing gene arrangements. Three patterns of gene rearrangement identified in Cyrenoidea are shared by the families Glauconomidae, Cyrenoididae and Cyrenidae, suggesting that gene arrangements can be a valuable tool for phylogenetic studies.
{"title":"Towards a systematic revision of the superfamily Cyrenoidea (Bivalvia: Imparidentia): species delimitation, multi-locus phylogeny and mitochondrial phylogenomics","authors":"Ruiwen Wu, Lili Liu, Xiongjun Liu, Yingying Ye, Xiaoping Wu, Zhicai Xie, Zhenyuan Liu, Zhengfei Li","doi":"10.1071/is23015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/is23015","url":null,"abstract":"Cyrenoidea is a superfamily of bivalves (Bivalvia: Imparidentia) currently comprising three families (Cyrenidae, Cyrenoididae and Glauconomidae). The superfamily is widely distributed in marine, brackish and freshwater environments, with an estimated 60 or more living species. Recent phylogenetic results have confirmed the monophyly of Cyrenoidea and placement in Venerida. Nevertheless, a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of Cyrenoidea remains elusive and the phylogeny is unresolved due to inadequate sampling in previous studies. Moreover, the taxonomy and delimitation of most species, originally based on shell morphology, have not yet been tested with molecular data. Here, we constructed three molecular datasets by sequencing three markers (<i>COI</i>+<i>16S</i> rRNA+<i>28S</i> rRNA) and complete mitogenomes for <i>Geloina coaxans</i> (Gmelin, 1791) and <i>Glauconome virens</i> (Linnaeus, 1767). <i>COI</i> barcoding clarifies the validity of <i>Geloina coaxans</i> and <i>Geloina erosa</i> that have been subject to controversy regarding synonymy. Additionally, the barcoding supports the existence of multiple cryptic species within the <i>Geloina expansa</i> complex. A multi-locus dataset (<i>COI</i>+<i>16S</i> rRNA+<i>28S</i> rRNA) provides the most comprehensive phylogeny of all eight recognised genera of Cyrenoidea to date. Phylogenetic results indicate that the currently recognised family Cyrenidae is polyphyletic. The type species <i>Geloina coaxans</i>, <i>Cyanocyclas limosa</i> (Maton, 1811) and <i>Polymesoda caroliniana</i> (Bosc, 1801) that have long been classified within the family Cyrenidae based on shell morphology, have a closer relationship with <i>Cyrenoida floridana</i> Dall, 1896 than with other Cyrenidae. Therefore we transfer the genera <i>Geloina</i>, <i>Cyanocyclas</i> and <i>Polymesoda</i> from the family Cyrenidae to the family Cyrenoididae. The mitochondrial phylogenomics further support the family-level relationships in Cyrenoidea obtained from the three-gene analyses, confirming that the newly defined Cyrenoididae is closely related to Glauconomidae as the sister group. We observed a novel gene arrangement in <i>Glauconome virens</i>, the first report on the mitogenome of the family Glauconomidae, by comparing gene arrangements. Three patterns of gene rearrangement identified in Cyrenoidea are shared by the families Glauconomidae, Cyrenoididae and Cyrenidae, suggesting that gene arrangements can be a valuable tool for phylogenetic studies.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arthit Pholyotha, S. Panha, C. Sutcharit, Parin Jirapatrasilp, Teerapong Seesamut, T. Liew, P. Tongkerd
ABSTRACT The Euconulidae is a globally distributed land snail family but there is no record of this family from Thailand. In this study, we describe a new genus, Siamoconus gen. nov., based on comparative studies of the shell characteristics, external morphology of animals, radula, genital and spermatophore structures, and molecular phylogeny. We performed phylogenetic analyses of two mitochondrial gene fragment (cytochrome c oxidase I, COI; and 16S rRNA) and one nuclear (28S rRNA) gene fragment to clarify the relationships with other euconulid genera and its position in the superfamily Trochomorphoidea. We also analysed shell morphometrics, male genitalia and mantle pigmentation of Siamoconus gen. nov., confirming the status of three new species with keeled shells (S. boreas sp. nov., S. coleus sp. nov. and S. geotrochoides sp. nov.) and one new species with a rounded shell (S. destitutus sp. nov.). These new species are restricted to limestone areas in northern and north-eastern Thailand. We also re-examined the status of other genera in the superfamily Trochomorphoidea based on shell features, body pigmentation, radula, genital anatomy, spermatophore morphology, and a phylogenetic analysis of all available trochomorphoidean DNA sequences. Our analysis suggests that the family Geotrochidae, previously synonymised with the Trochomorphidae, should be resurrected to represent the genus Geotrochus from Borneo, and this family is retrieved as the sister clade of the Dyakiidae. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C5205F4E-5DDE-42E6-A532-761CAFE099C3
{"title":"Molecular phylogeny of the land snail family Euconulidae in Thailand and its position in the superfamily Trochomorphoidea (Stylommatophora: Limacoidei), with description of a new genus","authors":"Arthit Pholyotha, S. Panha, C. Sutcharit, Parin Jirapatrasilp, Teerapong Seesamut, T. Liew, P. Tongkerd","doi":"10.1071/IS23012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS23012","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Euconulidae is a globally distributed land snail family but there is no record of this family from Thailand. In this study, we describe a new genus, Siamoconus gen. nov., based on comparative studies of the shell characteristics, external morphology of animals, radula, genital and spermatophore structures, and molecular phylogeny. We performed phylogenetic analyses of two mitochondrial gene fragment (cytochrome c oxidase I, COI; and 16S rRNA) and one nuclear (28S rRNA) gene fragment to clarify the relationships with other euconulid genera and its position in the superfamily Trochomorphoidea. We also analysed shell morphometrics, male genitalia and mantle pigmentation of Siamoconus gen. nov., confirming the status of three new species with keeled shells (S. boreas sp. nov., S. coleus sp. nov. and S. geotrochoides sp. nov.) and one new species with a rounded shell (S. destitutus sp. nov.). These new species are restricted to limestone areas in northern and north-eastern Thailand. We also re-examined the status of other genera in the superfamily Trochomorphoidea based on shell features, body pigmentation, radula, genital anatomy, spermatophore morphology, and a phylogenetic analysis of all available trochomorphoidean DNA sequences. Our analysis suggests that the family Geotrochidae, previously synonymised with the Trochomorphidae, should be resurrected to represent the genus Geotrochus from Borneo, and this family is retrieved as the sister clade of the Dyakiidae. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C5205F4E-5DDE-42E6-A532-761CAFE099C3","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"37 1","pages":"571 - 605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47299473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT South-western Western Australia is a global biodiversity hotspot renowned for exceptional diversity of plants and animals. The evolutionary processes that have generated this high biodiversity are not always clear, particularly for invertebrates, yet the area supports a very large number of endemic species that have diversified in situ. We use an integrative taxonomic approach based on adult and immature morphology, ecology, behaviour and molecular data to investigate the taxonomic status of a sympatric but seasonally isolated form (Neolucia agricola occidens Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914 form ‘Julimar’) of the polyommatine butterfly Neolucia agricola (Westwood, 1851) in south-western Western Australia. Our molecular dataset comprised 112 samples representing all Neolucia Waterhouse & Turner, 1905 species (100 COI 5′ sequences, 658 bp, plus 12 COI 3′, tRNA Leu, COII and EF1-α sequences, 3303 bp). Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis of the combined dataset recovered form ‘Julimar’ and N. agricola as reciprocally monophyletic, with a mean uncorrected ‘p’ pairwise divergence of 5.77% for the ‘barcode’ region of COI. Based on this and other evidence we recognise form ‘Julimar’ as a new species, Neolucia bollami Eastwood, Braby & Graham, sp. nov., sister to N. agricola and endemic to south-western Western Australia. As a result of these findings, we evaluated the evolutionary history of the two Neolucia species in WA and the processes that may have contributed to the diversification in sympatry or allopatry. We conclude that the multiple effect traits associated with a host shift, including host fidelity and temporal divergence, played an important role in the diversification process and in maintaining the reproductive integrity of the nascent allochronic species. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:53D9AD14-9694-4B5E-889C-A8D533E7F57D
{"title":"Neolucia bollami Eastwood, Braby & Graham, sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): speciation of a new allochronic cryptic butterfly from south-western Western Australia","authors":"Rodney G. Eastwood, M. Braby, Matthew R. Williams","doi":"10.1071/IS23009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS23009","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT South-western Western Australia is a global biodiversity hotspot renowned for exceptional diversity of plants and animals. The evolutionary processes that have generated this high biodiversity are not always clear, particularly for invertebrates, yet the area supports a very large number of endemic species that have diversified in situ. We use an integrative taxonomic approach based on adult and immature morphology, ecology, behaviour and molecular data to investigate the taxonomic status of a sympatric but seasonally isolated form (Neolucia agricola occidens Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914 form ‘Julimar’) of the polyommatine butterfly Neolucia agricola (Westwood, 1851) in south-western Western Australia. Our molecular dataset comprised 112 samples representing all Neolucia Waterhouse & Turner, 1905 species (100 COI 5′ sequences, 658 bp, plus 12 COI 3′, tRNA Leu, COII and EF1-α sequences, 3303 bp). Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis of the combined dataset recovered form ‘Julimar’ and N. agricola as reciprocally monophyletic, with a mean uncorrected ‘p’ pairwise divergence of 5.77% for the ‘barcode’ region of COI. Based on this and other evidence we recognise form ‘Julimar’ as a new species, Neolucia bollami Eastwood, Braby & Graham, sp. nov., sister to N. agricola and endemic to south-western Western Australia. As a result of these findings, we evaluated the evolutionary history of the two Neolucia species in WA and the processes that may have contributed to the diversification in sympatry or allopatry. We conclude that the multiple effect traits associated with a host shift, including host fidelity and temporal divergence, played an important role in the diversification process and in maintaining the reproductive integrity of the nascent allochronic species. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:53D9AD14-9694-4B5E-889C-A8D533E7F57D","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"37 1","pages":"552 - 570"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48065435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yan‐Da Li, Zhenhua Liu, Diying Huang, Chen-yang Cai
ABSTRACT Helotidae is a small and morphologically uniform family in Nitiduloidea. In this study, we report an unusual form of helotids, represented by Lobatihelota lescheni Li, Liu & Cai gen. nov., sp. nov. and L. iridescens Li, Liu & Cai sp. nov. from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Lobatihelota is unique within the family in having a leg morphology typical of some Nitidulidae and Kateretidae (tibia widened distally, tarsomeres 1–3 bilobed, tarsomere 4 shortened). Additionally, new diagnostic characters are suggested for Trihelota from the same deposit (prosternum and mesoventrite with paired carinae, metanepisterna short, metacoxae meeting elytra laterally), and the morphological divergence of representative genera of the superfamilies Erotyloidea, Nitiduloidea and Cucujoidea is visualised using a phylomorphospace approach. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FE0E4D6A-8157-4E14-9240-7B87F285AEA5
海螺科是海螺总科中一个小而形态统一的科。本文报道了中白垩世缅甸琥珀中发现的一种罕见的helotids，以Lobatihelota lescheni Li, Liu & Cai gen. nov.， sp. 11和L. iridescent Li, Liu & Cai sp. 11为代表。Lobatihelota在家族中是独特的，具有一些Nitidulidae和Kateretidae典型的腿形态(胫骨远端加宽，跗骨1-3双裂片，跗骨4缩短)。此外，本文还提出了来自同一沉积物的Trihelota的新的诊断特征(前胸和中腔体与隆突成一对，后掌叶短，后掌叶侧与鞘翅相遇)，并利用层形态空间方法直观地显示了Erotyloidea、Nitiduloidea和Cucujoidea超科代表属的形态分化。ZooBank: urn: lsid zoobank.org:酒吧:fe0e4d6a - 8157 - 4 - e14灯头- 9240 - 7 - b87f285aea5
{"title":"An unusual lineage of Helotidae in mid-Cretaceous amber from northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Nitiduloidea)","authors":"Yan‐Da Li, Zhenhua Liu, Diying Huang, Chen-yang Cai","doi":"10.1071/IS23004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS23004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Helotidae is a small and morphologically uniform family in Nitiduloidea. In this study, we report an unusual form of helotids, represented by Lobatihelota lescheni Li, Liu & Cai gen. nov., sp. nov. and L. iridescens Li, Liu & Cai sp. nov. from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Lobatihelota is unique within the family in having a leg morphology typical of some Nitidulidae and Kateretidae (tibia widened distally, tarsomeres 1–3 bilobed, tarsomere 4 shortened). Additionally, new diagnostic characters are suggested for Trihelota from the same deposit (prosternum and mesoventrite with paired carinae, metanepisterna short, metacoxae meeting elytra laterally), and the morphological divergence of representative genera of the superfamilies Erotyloidea, Nitiduloidea and Cucujoidea is visualised using a phylomorphospace approach. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FE0E4D6A-8157-4E14-9240-7B87F285AEA5","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"37 1","pages":"538 - 551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47727136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The mysterious deep-sea shrimp Physetocaris microphthalma Chace, 1940 remains a challenge for the understanding of caridean shrimp systematics. Upon first description in 1940, the unique morphology in combination with lack of material made the allocation of P. microphthalma to any family or superfamily difficult, therefore the monotypic superfamily Physetocaridoidea and family Physetocarididae were described. The rarity of the species, only documented a few times in scientific literature, in combination with a circumglobal distribution, makes the advancement of the systematics and biology of this shrimp challenging. Current literature places Physetocaridoidea as a superfamily with a sister relationship to Pandaloidea but this relationship has never been tested using molecular data. Recent expeditions to the northern Gulf of Mexico and north-eastern Pacific Ocean provided fresh material for inclusion in phylogenetic analyses. Here, we used a molecular systematics approach to investigate the phylogenetic placement of this species within the infraorder Caridea and test for cryptic diversity across oceanic basins. We sequenced five genes (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, H3, NaK and PEPCK) and built phylogenetic trees including specimens across Pandaloidea and other carideans (n = 75) using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian approaches. Our results strongly support the inclusion of P. microphthalma within the family Pandalidae and superfamily Pandaloidea, indicating that the superfamily Physetocaridoidea and family Physetocaridae are not valid. In addition, the inclusion of specimens from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans does not support evidence of cryptic diversity, suggesting the global distribution of P. microphthalma. This is the first study to provide genetic data for this species, resulting in an updated classification for the infraorder Caridea and highlighting that deep-pelagic species can be rare yet still widely distributed.
{"title":"Rare yet everywhere: phylogenetic position of the enigmatic deep-sea shrimp Physetocaris microphthalma Chace, 1940 (Decapoda, Caridea)","authors":"Pedro A. Peres, H. Bracken-Grissom","doi":"10.1071/IS23024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS23024","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The mysterious deep-sea shrimp Physetocaris microphthalma Chace, 1940 remains a challenge for the understanding of caridean shrimp systematics. Upon first description in 1940, the unique morphology in combination with lack of material made the allocation of P. microphthalma to any family or superfamily difficult, therefore the monotypic superfamily Physetocaridoidea and family Physetocarididae were described. The rarity of the species, only documented a few times in scientific literature, in combination with a circumglobal distribution, makes the advancement of the systematics and biology of this shrimp challenging. Current literature places Physetocaridoidea as a superfamily with a sister relationship to Pandaloidea but this relationship has never been tested using molecular data. Recent expeditions to the northern Gulf of Mexico and north-eastern Pacific Ocean provided fresh material for inclusion in phylogenetic analyses. Here, we used a molecular systematics approach to investigate the phylogenetic placement of this species within the infraorder Caridea and test for cryptic diversity across oceanic basins. We sequenced five genes (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, H3, NaK and PEPCK) and built phylogenetic trees including specimens across Pandaloidea and other carideans (n = 75) using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian approaches. Our results strongly support the inclusion of P. microphthalma within the family Pandalidae and superfamily Pandaloidea, indicating that the superfamily Physetocaridoidea and family Physetocaridae are not valid. In addition, the inclusion of specimens from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans does not support evidence of cryptic diversity, suggesting the global distribution of P. microphthalma. This is the first study to provide genetic data for this species, resulting in an updated classification for the infraorder Caridea and highlighting that deep-pelagic species can be rare yet still widely distributed.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"37 1","pages":"529 - 537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49632296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT An increasing number of Antarctic invertebrate taxa have been revealed as cryptic species complexes following DNA-based assessments. This ultimately necessitates a morphological reassessment to find traits that will help identify these cryptic or pseudocryptic species without the need for sequencing every individual. This work concerns comatulid crinoid echinoderms long considered to represent a single, circum-Antarctic species, Promachocrinus kerguelensis. The first molecular studies sought to distinguish the diversity in the complex and understand the constituent species distributions but stopped short of formal taxonomic assessment. Here, we continued to increase sample representation around the Southern Ocean and sequenced the mitochondrial COI gene for all new specimens, and additional genes for a few representatives. We also elucidated previously unappreciated features, particularly body pigmentation and morphology of the centrodorsal ossicle in an attempt to diagnose some species morphologically and based on DNA data. The species complex within Promachocrinus is here resolved into P. kerguelensis Carpenter, 1879, P. vanhoeffenianus Minckert, 1905, P. joubini Vaney, 1910, P. mawsoni (Clark, 1937) comb. nov. (transferred from Florometra) and four previously unnamed species, P. fragarius sp. nov., P. unruhi sp. nov., P. uskglassi sp. nov. and P. wattsorum sp. nov. Although most species can be distinguished morphologically, several cannot be reliably separated without DNA data. All sequenced species are essentially circum-Antarctic, with the notable exception of P. wattsorum sp. nov. that is restricted to the Prince Edward Islands in the sub-Antarctic Indian Ocean and P. vanhoeffenianus that is only known from the type locality in the Davis Sea. The vast nature of the Antarctic and Southern Ocean ecosystem dictates large scale sampling to understand the full extent of the biodiversity. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F871CDC8-973B-48CE-8A61-33658D4EB4B1
{"title":"Resolving the taxonomy of the Antarctic feather star species complex Promachocrinus ‘kerguelensis’ (Echinodermata: Crinoidea)","authors":"Emily L. McLaughlin, N. Wilson, G. Rouse","doi":"10.1071/IS22057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS22057","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT An increasing number of Antarctic invertebrate taxa have been revealed as cryptic species complexes following DNA-based assessments. This ultimately necessitates a morphological reassessment to find traits that will help identify these cryptic or pseudocryptic species without the need for sequencing every individual. This work concerns comatulid crinoid echinoderms long considered to represent a single, circum-Antarctic species, Promachocrinus kerguelensis. The first molecular studies sought to distinguish the diversity in the complex and understand the constituent species distributions but stopped short of formal taxonomic assessment. Here, we continued to increase sample representation around the Southern Ocean and sequenced the mitochondrial COI gene for all new specimens, and additional genes for a few representatives. We also elucidated previously unappreciated features, particularly body pigmentation and morphology of the centrodorsal ossicle in an attempt to diagnose some species morphologically and based on DNA data. The species complex within Promachocrinus is here resolved into P. kerguelensis Carpenter, 1879, P. vanhoeffenianus Minckert, 1905, P. joubini Vaney, 1910, P. mawsoni (Clark, 1937) comb. nov. (transferred from Florometra) and four previously unnamed species, P. fragarius sp. nov., P. unruhi sp. nov., P. uskglassi sp. nov. and P. wattsorum sp. nov. Although most species can be distinguished morphologically, several cannot be reliably separated without DNA data. All sequenced species are essentially circum-Antarctic, with the notable exception of P. wattsorum sp. nov. that is restricted to the Prince Edward Islands in the sub-Antarctic Indian Ocean and P. vanhoeffenianus that is only known from the type locality in the Davis Sea. The vast nature of the Antarctic and Southern Ocean ecosystem dictates large scale sampling to understand the full extent of the biodiversity. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F871CDC8-973B-48CE-8A61-33658D4EB4B1","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"37 1","pages":"498 - 527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49607174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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