ABSTRACT Some fossil Cantharidae from the Burmese amber have been reported, but it is still a poorly investigated group and some unknown taxa remain to be discovered. In this study, we employed comparative morphology and geometric morphometrics to uncover a new catharid genus from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber, and further investigate its phylogenetic position within Cantharidae by different cladistic methods. As a result, Brevipterus gen. nov., was defined to accommodate B. strungei (Fanti & Damggard, 2019) comb. nov. transferred from Sanaungulus and another three new species, B. acutiapicis sp. nov., B. abtusiapicis sp. nov. and B. megacephalus sp. nov., and the produced topologies indicate that the new genus is always grouped together with other members of the subfamily Cantharinae. These results will improve our knowledge about Burmite cantharids and provide some more early evidence in reconstructing the phylogeny of Cantharidae.
{"title":"Morphology and geometric morphometrics unveil a new genus of Cantharidae (Coleoptera, Elateroidea) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber, with a preliminary investigation on the phylogenetic position","authors":"Wei Zhao, Haoyu Liu, Michael Geiser, Yuxia Yang","doi":"10.1071/IS22020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS22020","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Some fossil Cantharidae from the Burmese amber have been reported, but it is still a poorly investigated group and some unknown taxa remain to be discovered. In this study, we employed comparative morphology and geometric morphometrics to uncover a new catharid genus from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber, and further investigate its phylogenetic position within Cantharidae by different cladistic methods. As a result, Brevipterus gen. nov., was defined to accommodate B. strungei (Fanti & Damggard, 2019) comb. nov. transferred from Sanaungulus and another three new species, B. acutiapicis sp. nov., B. abtusiapicis sp. nov. and B. megacephalus sp. nov., and the produced topologies indicate that the new genus is always grouped together with other members of the subfamily Cantharinae. These results will improve our knowledge about Burmite cantharids and provide some more early evidence in reconstructing the phylogeny of Cantharidae.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"608 - 621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47594559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Martin, Marika Mecca, Miguel A. Meca, G. V. van Moorsel, C. Romano
ABSTRACT Chaetopteridae forms a monophyletic clade showing an uncertain position within Annelida. The family has 75 ubiquitous species within four genera that cluster in two well-supported clades (Chaetopterus–Mesochaetopterus and Spiochaetopterus–Phyllochaetopterus) and includes several cryptic species complexes. Based on integrative taxonomy and supported by citizen science, here we describe one new and two unnamed species of Caribbean chaetopterids. Partial sequences from the nuclear 18S rRNA and mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I genes of all known chaetopterid genera allowed us to (1) discuss the phylogeny of the family and (2) assign the three species into Mesochaetopterus (two) and Phyllochaetopterus (one). Mesochaetopterus stinapa, sp. nov. clearly diverged from all species of the genus, whereas Mesochaetopterus aff. xerecus forms a separate clade with Mesochaetopterus rogeri (Europe) and Mesochaetopterus xerecus (Brazil). Phyllochaetopterus aff. verrilli forms a separate clade with Phyllochaetopterus arabicus (Red Sea) and the closely related sequences from Hawai’i, Australia and French Polynesia attributed to Phyllochaetopterus verrilli (or cf. verrilli). Despite observing differences in morphology (e.g. palp colour pattern, presence or absence of eyespots, chaetal morphology and arrangement) and biogeographical distributions, only the erection of M. stinapa as a new species is well supported by the genetic distance, barcoding gap and species discrimination analyses. Our results emphasise the existence of cryptic species complexes within Mesochaetopterus and Phyllochaetopterus, whose taxonomy will require further morphological, biogeographical and molecular data to be resolved.
{"title":"Citizen science and integrative taxonomy reveal a great diversity within Caribbean Chaetopteridae (Annelida), with the description of one new species","authors":"Daniel Martin, Marika Mecca, Miguel A. Meca, G. V. van Moorsel, C. Romano","doi":"10.1071/IS21081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21081","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Chaetopteridae forms a monophyletic clade showing an uncertain position within Annelida. The family has 75 ubiquitous species within four genera that cluster in two well-supported clades (Chaetopterus–Mesochaetopterus and Spiochaetopterus–Phyllochaetopterus) and includes several cryptic species complexes. Based on integrative taxonomy and supported by citizen science, here we describe one new and two unnamed species of Caribbean chaetopterids. Partial sequences from the nuclear 18S rRNA and mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I genes of all known chaetopterid genera allowed us to (1) discuss the phylogeny of the family and (2) assign the three species into Mesochaetopterus (two) and Phyllochaetopterus (one). Mesochaetopterus stinapa, sp. nov. clearly diverged from all species of the genus, whereas Mesochaetopterus aff. xerecus forms a separate clade with Mesochaetopterus rogeri (Europe) and Mesochaetopterus xerecus (Brazil). Phyllochaetopterus aff. verrilli forms a separate clade with Phyllochaetopterus arabicus (Red Sea) and the closely related sequences from Hawai’i, Australia and French Polynesia attributed to Phyllochaetopterus verrilli (or cf. verrilli). Despite observing differences in morphology (e.g. palp colour pattern, presence or absence of eyespots, chaetal morphology and arrangement) and biogeographical distributions, only the erection of M. stinapa as a new species is well supported by the genetic distance, barcoding gap and species discrimination analyses. Our results emphasise the existence of cryptic species complexes within Mesochaetopterus and Phyllochaetopterus, whose taxonomy will require further morphological, biogeographical and molecular data to be resolved.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"581 - 607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42434336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Klimeš, J. Drescher, D. Buchori, P. Hidayat, R. Nazarreta, Pavel Potocký, Maling Rimandai, S. Scheu, Pável Matos‐Maraví
ABSTRACT Many tropical insect species remain formally undescribed, and the validity of some rarely collected and poorly studied taxa is uncertain. Overbeckia Viehmeyer, 1916 is a monotypic ant genus and a rare member of the arboreal ant communities of tropical South East Asia and Australasia. Overbeckia subclavata Viehmeyer, 1916 was collected and described from Singapore more than a century ago and there have been few other records of these ants since. Here we compare the existing Overbeckia records with recent collections in Australia, New Guinea and Indonesia. We revise the taxonomic diagnosis of the genus Overbeckia in comparison with other genera of the diverse tribe Camponotini, redescribe O. subclavata and describe two new species, Overbeckia papuana sp. nov., and Overbeckia jambiensis, sp. nov. We also summarise all available ecological and distributional information of the genus, indicating that Overbeckia occurs in a variety of lowland vegetation types, from rainforests to secondary growth and plantations but is extremely rare. Using external morphological characters, internal proventricular structures and a molecular phylogeny of 78 Camponotini species based on five protein-coding loci, we demonstrate that Overbeckia is a monophyletic lineage. Molecular-clock calibrated trees using 21 fossil records indicate that the divergence between Overbeckia and its sister clade comprising the genera Echinopla Smith, 1857 and Calomyrmex Emery, 1895 occurred c. 21 Ma (95% highest posterior density 14–28), and that the divergence between the three Overbeckia species likely occurred in the late Miocene and Pliocene. In addition, we transfer one Camponotus Mayr, 1861 species to Colobopsis in the light of molecular evidence: Colobopsis triangulata (Klimes & McArthur, 2014) comb. nov. Our analysis represents the most comprehensive phylogeny of the tribe Camponotini in terms of coverage of extant divergent lineages, including Overbeckia, and suggests relatively robust phylogenetic relationships among genera that are consistent with published phylogenomic trees. Overall, our study reveals cryptic species diversity in Overbeckia and provides strong evidence that this is a valid and polytypic ant genus.
{"title":"Uncovering cryptic diversity in the enigmatic ant genus Overbeckia and insights into the phylogeny of Camponotini (Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Formicinae)","authors":"P. Klimeš, J. Drescher, D. Buchori, P. Hidayat, R. Nazarreta, Pavel Potocký, Maling Rimandai, S. Scheu, Pável Matos‐Maraví","doi":"10.1071/IS21067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21067","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many tropical insect species remain formally undescribed, and the validity of some rarely collected and poorly studied taxa is uncertain. Overbeckia Viehmeyer, 1916 is a monotypic ant genus and a rare member of the arboreal ant communities of tropical South East Asia and Australasia. Overbeckia subclavata Viehmeyer, 1916 was collected and described from Singapore more than a century ago and there have been few other records of these ants since. Here we compare the existing Overbeckia records with recent collections in Australia, New Guinea and Indonesia. We revise the taxonomic diagnosis of the genus Overbeckia in comparison with other genera of the diverse tribe Camponotini, redescribe O. subclavata and describe two new species, Overbeckia papuana sp. nov., and Overbeckia jambiensis, sp. nov. We also summarise all available ecological and distributional information of the genus, indicating that Overbeckia occurs in a variety of lowland vegetation types, from rainforests to secondary growth and plantations but is extremely rare. Using external morphological characters, internal proventricular structures and a molecular phylogeny of 78 Camponotini species based on five protein-coding loci, we demonstrate that Overbeckia is a monophyletic lineage. Molecular-clock calibrated trees using 21 fossil records indicate that the divergence between Overbeckia and its sister clade comprising the genera Echinopla Smith, 1857 and Calomyrmex Emery, 1895 occurred c. 21 Ma (95% highest posterior density 14–28), and that the divergence between the three Overbeckia species likely occurred in the late Miocene and Pliocene. In addition, we transfer one Camponotus Mayr, 1861 species to Colobopsis in the light of molecular evidence: Colobopsis triangulata (Klimes & McArthur, 2014) comb. nov. Our analysis represents the most comprehensive phylogeny of the tribe Camponotini in terms of coverage of extant divergent lineages, including Overbeckia, and suggests relatively robust phylogenetic relationships among genera that are consistent with published phylogenomic trees. Overall, our study reveals cryptic species diversity in Overbeckia and provides strong evidence that this is a valid and polytypic ant genus.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"557 - 579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42455321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Laura Almeida, M. Álvarez‐Presas, Laura Bolonhezi, F. Carbayo
ABSTRACT The Chilean land planarian genus Gusana (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplaninae) currently comprises three species that were described in the 19th century. Four new species of the genus are described herein, namely G. hualpensis Carbayo, sp. nov., G. lujanae Almeida & Carbayo, sp. nov., G. melipeucensis Almeida & Carbayo, sp. nov. and G. purensis Bolonhezi, Almeida & Carbayo, sp. nov. An integrative taxonomy approach was adopted by combining morphological (anatomy, histology) and molecular (COI and 28S genes) information. Additionally, the monophyletic status of Gusana is investigated and the species are delimited by a recently introduced molecular delimitation method based on pairwise genetic distances. All Gusana species are very similar in attributes such as body shape, dorsal colour pattern and internal organs, namely the pharynx and copulatory apparatus and only differ in the details. Gusana is retrieved as monophyletic and the molecular delimitation method recovered the same species recognised morphologically. A re-diagnosis of the genus and replacement of G. lata into Pseudogeoplana are also proposed. A new role of the penis papilla is also suggested based on the spermatophore found in Gusana lujanae.
{"title":"Integrative taxonomy increases biodiversity knowledge of Gusana (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae) with the description of four new Chilean species","authors":"Ana Laura Almeida, M. Álvarez‐Presas, Laura Bolonhezi, F. Carbayo","doi":"10.1071/IS21066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21066","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Chilean land planarian genus Gusana (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplaninae) currently comprises three species that were described in the 19th century. Four new species of the genus are described herein, namely G. hualpensis Carbayo, sp. nov., G. lujanae Almeida & Carbayo, sp. nov., G. melipeucensis Almeida & Carbayo, sp. nov. and G. purensis Bolonhezi, Almeida & Carbayo, sp. nov. An integrative taxonomy approach was adopted by combining morphological (anatomy, histology) and molecular (COI and 28S genes) information. Additionally, the monophyletic status of Gusana is investigated and the species are delimited by a recently introduced molecular delimitation method based on pairwise genetic distances. All Gusana species are very similar in attributes such as body shape, dorsal colour pattern and internal organs, namely the pharynx and copulatory apparatus and only differ in the details. Gusana is retrieved as monophyletic and the molecular delimitation method recovered the same species recognised morphologically. A re-diagnosis of the genus and replacement of G. lata into Pseudogeoplana are also proposed. A new role of the penis papilla is also suggested based on the spermatophore found in Gusana lujanae.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"533 - 556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42010840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Figuladra is a poorly understood genus of camaenid land snail endemic to subtropical eastern Australia, comprising species that inhabit either dry rainforests in the coastal hinterland or dry sclerophyll forests further inland. Given that the genus occurs in areas that have seen extensive land clearing, such as the inland brigalow scrub (savannah) and coastal vine thickets (dry rainforest), resolution of this genus is required to inform conservation efforts within these critical landscapes. Here we use an integrative approach based on comparative analyses of mitochondrial DNA sequences and key morphological features to review the systematic relationships within the group. Specifically, we performed Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analyses of concatenated DNA sequences of two partial mitochondrial genes (16S and COI) to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of Figuladra. We subsequently examined features of the reproductive system that are considered to be useful in diagnosing genera (whole genitalia) and species (penial architecture) within the Camaenidae. Based on patterns of molecular differentiation and an assessment of the anatomy, we propose a more restrictive definition of Figuladra and describe two new monotypic genera for species that were previously assigned to Figuladra; Euryladra gen. nov. for Varohadra incei mattea Iredale, 1933 and Brigaladra gen. nov. for Varohadra volgiola Iredale, 1933. These two new genera differ from Figuladra sensu stricto in exhibiting distinctive epiphallic coiling patterns and anatomical differences of the penis–epiphallus configuration. The study shows that these three genera, and allied taxa, reveal contrasting patterns of diversity and distribution in two neighbouring habitat types: high levels of diversity and endemism in fire-sensitive seasonal subtropical forests juxtaposed against low diversity in large intervening areas of regularly burnt savannah and open woodlands.
{"title":"Two new genera of land snail from dry subtropical forests of eastern Australia: Brigaladra gen. nov. and Euryladra gen. nov. (Eupulmonata: Camaenidae)","authors":"Lorelle Stanisic, F. Köhler, C. McDougall","doi":"10.1071/IS21075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21075","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Figuladra is a poorly understood genus of camaenid land snail endemic to subtropical eastern Australia, comprising species that inhabit either dry rainforests in the coastal hinterland or dry sclerophyll forests further inland. Given that the genus occurs in areas that have seen extensive land clearing, such as the inland brigalow scrub (savannah) and coastal vine thickets (dry rainforest), resolution of this genus is required to inform conservation efforts within these critical landscapes. Here we use an integrative approach based on comparative analyses of mitochondrial DNA sequences and key morphological features to review the systematic relationships within the group. Specifically, we performed Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analyses of concatenated DNA sequences of two partial mitochondrial genes (16S and COI) to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of Figuladra. We subsequently examined features of the reproductive system that are considered to be useful in diagnosing genera (whole genitalia) and species (penial architecture) within the Camaenidae. Based on patterns of molecular differentiation and an assessment of the anatomy, we propose a more restrictive definition of Figuladra and describe two new monotypic genera for species that were previously assigned to Figuladra; Euryladra gen. nov. for Varohadra incei mattea Iredale, 1933 and Brigaladra gen. nov. for Varohadra volgiola Iredale, 1933. These two new genera differ from Figuladra sensu stricto in exhibiting distinctive epiphallic coiling patterns and anatomical differences of the penis–epiphallus configuration. The study shows that these three genera, and allied taxa, reveal contrasting patterns of diversity and distribution in two neighbouring habitat types: high levels of diversity and endemism in fire-sensitive seasonal subtropical forests juxtaposed against low diversity in large intervening areas of regularly burnt savannah and open woodlands.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"506 - 532"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47679381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lauren G. Ashman, D. Hartley, M. Jin, David M. Rowell, L. Teasdale, A. Ślipiński, A. Zwick
ABSTRACT Rhytiphora Audinet-Serville, 1835 is the most speciose longhorn beetle (Cerambycidae Latreille, 1802) genus in Australia, with ~200 species (from nearly 40 former genera, now synonymised into one) distributed across the entire continent. We used mitochondrial genome data from whole genome shotgun sequencing and COI barcoding of museum specimens to reconstruct the phylogeny of 68 Rhytiphora species, and analysed the morphological diversity and biogeographic history. We recovered a monophyletic Rhytiphora containing two distinct clades, within which all of the former genera (except Achriotypa Pascoe, 1875) are paraphyletic. Nine morphological traits (including body size and the male setose ‘sex patches’) show strong phylogenetic signal and can be used to differentiate between the two clades. One clade is mainly restricted to Australia’s tropical north, whereas the other, larger clade has many species along the mesic east coast. Both clades have experienced multiple biome shifts, displaying a remarkable flexibility in habitat occupancy.
{"title":"Rhytiphora: a phylogenetic and morphological study of Australia’s largest longhorn beetle genus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)","authors":"Lauren G. Ashman, D. Hartley, M. Jin, David M. Rowell, L. Teasdale, A. Ślipiński, A. Zwick","doi":"10.1071/IS21071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21071","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Rhytiphora Audinet-Serville, 1835 is the most speciose longhorn beetle (Cerambycidae Latreille, 1802) genus in Australia, with ~200 species (from nearly 40 former genera, now synonymised into one) distributed across the entire continent. We used mitochondrial genome data from whole genome shotgun sequencing and COI barcoding of museum specimens to reconstruct the phylogeny of 68 Rhytiphora species, and analysed the morphological diversity and biogeographic history. We recovered a monophyletic Rhytiphora containing two distinct clades, within which all of the former genera (except Achriotypa Pascoe, 1875) are paraphyletic. Nine morphological traits (including body size and the male setose ‘sex patches’) show strong phylogenetic signal and can be used to differentiate between the two clades. One clade is mainly restricted to Australia’s tropical north, whereas the other, larger clade has many species along the mesic east coast. Both clades have experienced multiple biome shifts, displaying a remarkable flexibility in habitat occupancy.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"493 - 505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42582964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. The genus Haloa includes dull-coloured species of haminoeid snails inhabiting tidal and shallow waters of the tropical and sub-tropical Indo-West Pacific. This paper reports on the diversity and systematics of Haloa based on the phylogenetic hypothesis generated by Oskars and Malaquias (2019) and on the morphological study of specimens. Shells, external features and anatomical characters from the jaws, radula, gizzard plates and male reproductive system were studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The molecular species delimitation method Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery, using DNA sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, was implemented to aid delimiting candidate species. Thirteen species were recognised as valid, including two new to science, namely Haloa cobbi, sp. nov. and Haloa eora, sp. nov., and one unnamed species herein referred to as Haloa sp. 1. Species depict intraspecific variability in their colouration and little character displacement in their anatomy. Shells are of limited taxonomic use; only details of the male reproductive system (e.g. fundus) and the DNA were truly diagnostic. Three species have an Indo-West Pacific distribution and three are restricted to the Indian Ocean. The remaining seven species occur in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean, three of them having geographical ranges restricted to offshore islands.
{"title":"Systematic revision of the Indo-West Pacific bubble-snails of the genus Haloa (Pilsbry, 1921) (Cephalaspidea : Haminoeidae)","authors":"Trond R. Oskars, M. A. Malaquias","doi":"10.1071/IS21011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The genus Haloa includes dull-coloured species of haminoeid snails inhabiting tidal and shallow waters of the tropical and sub-tropical Indo-West Pacific. This paper reports on the diversity and systematics of Haloa based on the phylogenetic hypothesis generated by Oskars and Malaquias (2019) and on the morphological study of specimens. Shells, external features and anatomical characters from the jaws, radula, gizzard plates and male reproductive system were studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The molecular species delimitation method Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery, using DNA sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, was implemented to aid delimiting candidate species. Thirteen species were recognised as valid, including two new to science, namely Haloa cobbi, sp. nov. and Haloa eora, sp. nov., and one unnamed species herein referred to as Haloa sp. 1. Species depict intraspecific variability in their colouration and little character displacement in their anatomy. Shells are of limited taxonomic use; only details of the male reproductive system (e.g. fundus) and the DNA were truly diagnostic. Three species have an Indo-West Pacific distribution and three are restricted to the Indian Ocean. The remaining seven species occur in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean, three of them having geographical ranges restricted to offshore islands.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"436 - 492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46418658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Extensive sampling around Martinique during the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle ‘Madibenthos’ expedition in 2016 resulted in a collection of hundreds of alpheid shrimps, of which 21 distinct species of Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888 are studied herein. Combining results of a morphological analysis, a phylogenetic tree (combined 16S and COI) and species delimitation analyses (ABGD and PTP) indicates three species as new to science. These species are S. chaki sp. nov., S. corbariae sp. nov., and S. macdonaldi sp. nov. The first two new species belong to the S. rathbunae Coutière, 1909 species group, whereas the third new species broadly groups with the S. gambarelloides group. Additionally, 13 new country records of Synalpheus are reported for Martinique.
摘要2016年，在国家自然历史博物馆（Muséum National d'Historyire Naturelle‘Madibenthos）的探险中，在马提尼克岛周围进行了广泛的采样，收集了数百只阿尔卑斯海虾，其中研究了1888年Synalpheus Spence Bate的21个不同物种。结合形态学分析、系统发育树（结合16S和COI）和物种划界分析（ABGD和PTP）的结果，表明三个物种是新的科学物种。这些物种是S.chaki sp.nov.、S.corbariae sp.nov..和S.macdonaldi sp.nov。前两个新物种属于S.rathbunae Coutière，1909物种群，而第三个新物种与S.gambarelloides群体广泛分组。此外，马提尼克岛还报告了13项新的Synalpheus国家记录。
{"title":"Integrative methods resolve taxonomy and relationships of snapping shrimps in the genus Synalpheus (Decapoda: Alpheidae) collected during the MNHN ‘Madibenthos’ expedition","authors":"H. Ashrafi, K. Hultgren","doi":"10.1071/is21057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/is21057","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Extensive sampling around Martinique during the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle ‘Madibenthos’ expedition in 2016 resulted in a collection of hundreds of alpheid shrimps, of which 21 distinct species of Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888 are studied herein. Combining results of a morphological analysis, a phylogenetic tree (combined 16S and COI) and species delimitation analyses (ABGD and PTP) indicates three species as new to science. These species are S. chaki sp. nov., S. corbariae sp. nov., and S. macdonaldi sp. nov. The first two new species belong to the S. rathbunae Coutière, 1909 species group, whereas the third new species broadly groups with the S. gambarelloides group. Additionally, 13 new country records of Synalpheus are reported for Martinique.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"389 - 418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45227969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paige J. Maroni, B. Baker, A. Moran, H. Woods, C. Ávila, G. Johnstone, J. Stark, K. Kocot, S. Lockhart, T. Saucède, G. Rouse, N. Wilson
Abstract. The Antarctic marine environment, although rich in life, is predicted to experience rapid and significant effects from climate change. Despite a revolution in the approaches used to document biodiversity, less than one percent of Antarctic marine invertebrates are represented by DNA barcodes and we are at risk of losing biodiversity before discovery. The ease of sequencing mitochondrial DNA barcodes has promoted this relatively ‘universal’ species identification system across most metazoan phyla and barcode datasets are currently readily used for exploring questions of species-level taxonomy. Here we present the most well-sampled phylogeny of the direct-developing, Southern Ocean nudibranch mollusc, Doris kerguelenensis to date. This study sampled over 1000 new Doris kerguelenensis specimens spanning the Southern Ocean and sequenced the mitochondrial COI gene. Results of a maximum likelihood phylogeny and multiple subsequent species delimitation analyses identified 27 new species in this complex (now 59 in total). Using rarefaction techniques, we infer more species are yet to be discovered. Some species were only collected from southern South America or the sub-Antarctic islands, while at least four species were found spanning the Polar Front. This is contrary to dispersal predictions for species without a larval stage such as Doris kerguelenensis. Our work demonstrates the value of increasing geographic scope in sampling and highlights what could be lost given the current global biodiversity crisis.
{"title":"One Antarctic slug to confuse them all: the underestimated diversity of Doris kerguelenensis","authors":"Paige J. Maroni, B. Baker, A. Moran, H. Woods, C. Ávila, G. Johnstone, J. Stark, K. Kocot, S. Lockhart, T. Saucède, G. Rouse, N. Wilson","doi":"10.1071/IS21073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21073","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The Antarctic marine environment, although rich in life, is predicted to experience rapid and significant effects from climate change. Despite a revolution in the approaches used to document biodiversity, less than one percent of Antarctic marine invertebrates are represented by DNA barcodes and we are at risk of losing biodiversity before discovery. The ease of sequencing mitochondrial DNA barcodes has promoted this relatively ‘universal’ species identification system across most metazoan phyla and barcode datasets are currently readily used for exploring questions of species-level taxonomy. Here we present the most well-sampled phylogeny of the direct-developing, Southern Ocean nudibranch mollusc, Doris kerguelenensis to date. This study sampled over 1000 new Doris kerguelenensis specimens spanning the Southern Ocean and sequenced the mitochondrial COI gene. Results of a maximum likelihood phylogeny and multiple subsequent species delimitation analyses identified 27 new species in this complex (now 59 in total). Using rarefaction techniques, we infer more species are yet to be discovered. Some species were only collected from southern South America or the sub-Antarctic islands, while at least four species were found spanning the Polar Front. This is contrary to dispersal predictions for species without a larval stage such as Doris kerguelenensis. Our work demonstrates the value of increasing geographic scope in sampling and highlights what could be lost given the current global biodiversity crisis.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"419 - 435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49458483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Boyer, Shannon R. Dohr, Madison S. Tuffield, Yoonjin Shu, Ciara D. Moore, Katherine M. Hahn, Rainah S. Ward, P. Nguyen, R. Morisawa
Abstract. New Zealand is home to 30 recognised endemic mite harvestman species and subspecies, 26 of which were described by Ray Forster in 1948 and 1952. These species comprise three genera: Rakaia Hirst, 1926, Neopurcellia Forster, 1948, and Aoraki Boyer & Giribet, 2007. Here, we focus on the diversity and distribution of Aoraki: we describe A. grandis Boyer, Tuffield & Dohr, sp. nov. and A. meridialis Boyer, Hahn & Ward, sp. nov. and we synonymise A. granulosa (Forster, 1952) with A. tumidata (Forster, 1948), bringing the total of named species and subspecies to twelve, and extending the southern range of the genus by over 100 km. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed three major lineages within the genus characterised by differing levels of granulation of the male fourth tarsus. We report striking variation in the range size and level of genetic structuring present within currently recognised species and subspecies of Aoraki, and propose future studies to address evolutionary, biogeographic and taxonomic questions in the group. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BDD4D61C-B099–44D5–949C-34AD217A016F.
{"title":"Diversity and distribution of the New Zealand endemic mite harvestman genus Aoraki (Arachnida, Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Pettalidae), with the description of two new species","authors":"S. Boyer, Shannon R. Dohr, Madison S. Tuffield, Yoonjin Shu, Ciara D. Moore, Katherine M. Hahn, Rainah S. Ward, P. Nguyen, R. Morisawa","doi":"10.1071/IS21044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. New Zealand is home to 30 recognised endemic mite harvestman species and subspecies, 26 of which were described by Ray Forster in 1948 and 1952. These species comprise three genera: Rakaia Hirst, 1926, Neopurcellia Forster, 1948, and Aoraki Boyer & Giribet, 2007. Here, we focus on the diversity and distribution of Aoraki: we describe A. grandis Boyer, Tuffield & Dohr, sp. nov. and A. meridialis Boyer, Hahn & Ward, sp. nov. and we synonymise A. granulosa (Forster, 1952) with A. tumidata (Forster, 1948), bringing the total of named species and subspecies to twelve, and extending the southern range of the genus by over 100 km. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed three major lineages within the genus characterised by differing levels of granulation of the male fourth tarsus. We report striking variation in the range size and level of genetic structuring present within currently recognised species and subspecies of Aoraki, and propose future studies to address evolutionary, biogeographic and taxonomic questions in the group. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BDD4D61C-B099–44D5–949C-34AD217A016F.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"372 - 387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44262460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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