International Journal of Psychophysiology最新文献_第4页

Reward processing under illusion of control: The sensitivity of the feedback-related negativity to prediction errors is not altered when random outcomes are perceived as the consequence of one's own actions 控制幻觉下的奖励处理：当随机结果被认为是一个人自己行为的结果时，与反馈相关的消极性对预测错误的敏感性不会改变。

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2025.113300

Gábor Csifcsák , Matthias Mittner

The feedback-related negativity (FRN) has been associated both with the cortical processing of reward and salience prediction errors (RPEs/SPEs), and with behavioral adjustments that optimize performance. While the FRN is sensitive to response-feedback contingencies, it remains to be explored how this waveform is influenced by random outcomes during reinforcement learning (RL) while participants develop an illusion of control (IoC). We present novel analyses of data from a previous study (Csifcsák et al., 2020), in which a group of healthy adults was intermittently exposed to compromised control over outcomes (“yoking”). Earlier, we reported effects of yoking on latent parameters of RL and oscillatory activity during decision-making, whereas now we analyzed whether the FRN was also sensitive to our controllability manipulation. Participants were randomized to “control” or “yoked” groups, differing only in their level of control over outcomes during an RL task. The FRN was analyzed both in terms of its valence-sensitivity and with respect to its association with single-trial RPEs/SPEs. Bayesian statistics confirmed comparable ratings of perceived control in the two groups, indicating IoC for yoked participants. Although response accuracy was at chance level during compromised outcome controllability, the FRN was statistically indistinguishable between the two groups, as revealed by a multitude of analytical approaches. We conclude that under IoC, the FRN is not sensitive to response-outcome contingencies, and thus, it does not reflect drops in performance. These findings suggest that the cortical analysis of outcomes is dominated by higher-order cognitive/affective states when predictions about future events are unreliable.

反馈相关负性（FRN）与奖励和显著性预测错误（RPEs/ spe）的皮质加工以及优化表现的行为调整有关。虽然FRN对响应反馈偶然性很敏感，但在强化学习（RL）过程中，当参与者产生控制错觉（IoC）时，这种波形如何受到随机结果的影响仍有待探讨。我们对先前一项研究（Csifcsák等人，2020年）的数据进行了新的分析，在该研究中，一组健康成年人间歇性地暴露于对结果的控制受损（“轭合”）。之前，我们报道了捆绑对决策过程中RL潜在参数和振荡活动的影响，而现在我们分析了FRN是否也对我们的可控性操作敏感。参与者被随机分为“对照组”和“轭组”，不同的只是他们在RL任务中对结果的控制水平。对FRN的价敏感性和与单试验rpe / spe的相关性进行了分析。贝叶斯统计证实了两组人在感知控制方面的可比性评分，这表明了被捆绑参与者的IoC。尽管在结果可控性受损期间，反应准确性处于偶然水平，但正如多种分析方法所揭示的那样，两组之间的FRN在统计上无法区分。我们得出结论，在IoC下，FRN对响应-结果偶然性不敏感，因此，它不反映性能下降。这些发现表明，当对未来事件的预测不可靠时，大脑皮层对结果的分析主要由高阶认知/情感状态主导。

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引用次数: 0

Music therapy and vagally mediated heart rate variability: A systematic review and narrative synthesis 音乐治疗和迷走神经介导的心率变异性：一项系统综述和叙述综合。

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2025.113288

Bettina Flater , Are Brean , Daniel S. Quintana

Background

An increasing body of evidence supports the use of music therapy for improving health and wellbeing. In parallel, there has also been a rising interest in the use of biomarkers to assess its impact. One such biomarker is vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV), which is a non-invasive measure of cardiac parasympathetic nervous system activity. However, the influence of music therapy on vmHRV is currently unclear.

Methods

A literature search was performed in December 2023/January 2024 and updated in March 2025. Data related to vmHRV was extracted and risk of bias was evaluated. A narrative synthesis was performed according to the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines with an effect direction plot.

Results

Twenty-eight studies were included. There was large heterogeneity in study samples, contexts, music therapy interventions, and HRV measurement methods. There was also a high risk of bias. The results indicated increased vmHRV during music therapy. There was also an association between improved vmHRV and other positive health outcomes in these studies.

Discussion

While current evidence indicates that there are potential positive effects of music therapy on vmHRV, more high-quality research, especially regarding HRV methodology, interpretation and reporting, is needed. A high risk of bias, small sample sizes and heterogeneity in all aspects of the studies prevents any clear conclusions based on the current evidence.

背景：越来越多的证据支持使用音乐疗法来改善健康和福祉。与此同时，人们对使用生物标记物来评估其影响的兴趣也越来越大。其中一个生物标志物是迷走神经介导的心率变异性（vmHRV），这是一种无创测量心脏副交感神经系统活动的方法。然而，音乐治疗对vmHRV的影响目前尚不清楚。方法：文献检索时间为2023年12月/ 2024年1月，更新时间为2025年3月。提取vmHRV相关数据并评估偏倚风险。根据无meta分析的综合（SWiM）指南进行叙事综合，并附有效果方向图。结果：纳入28项研究。在研究样本、背景、音乐治疗干预和HRV测量方法方面存在很大的异质性。偏倚的风险也很高。结果表明，音乐治疗期间vmHRV增加。在这些研究中，vmHRV的改善与其他积极的健康结果之间也存在关联。讨论：虽然目前的证据表明音乐治疗对vmHRV有潜在的积极作用，但需要更多高质量的研究，特别是关于HRV的方法，解释和报告。这些研究的高偏倚风险、小样本量和各方面的异质性阻碍了基于现有证据得出明确结论。

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引用次数: 0

Neurophysiological distinctions between spatial and temporal context in episodic memory 情景记忆中空间和时间背景的神经生理学差异

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2025.113302

César Torres-Morales, Selene Cansino

Episodic memory refers to our ability to mentally retain personal experiences that occurred in a particular spatial and temporal context. Brain activity distinctions for spatial and temporal contexts have been observed via unicellular recordings and functional magnetic resonance imaging. However, these distinctions have not been examined using electrophysiological recordings of neural populations, such as event-related potentials (ERPs), because spatial and temporal contexts have been assessed separately. The aim was to examine electrophysiological activity distinctions between spatial and temporal contexts during encoding and retrieval. ERPs were recorded in 30 participants while they performed an associative task in which pairs of images were presented sequentially. During retrieval, participants identified whether the pair of images was spatially modified, temporally modified, identical, or new. The retrieval of spatial context was superior to that of temporal context. During the presentation of the second image of the pair, a frontal slow wave demonstrated subsequent memory effects for the correct temporal context. The FN400 was present during the recollection of the temporal context, and the parietal old/new effect was present during the recollection of the spatial context, both of which occurred when the first image of the pair was displayed. These patterns revealed that the temporal context (compared with the spatial context) required further encoding strategies and a strong distinction from familiarity at retrieval. Therefore, spatial and temporal contexts exhibit different brain activities during encoding and retrieval.

情景记忆指的是我们在心理上记住发生在特定时空背景下的个人经历的能力。通过单细胞记录和功能性磁共振成像观察到大脑活动在空间和时间背景下的区别。然而，由于空间和时间背景已分别评估，这些差异尚未通过神经群的电生理记录（如事件相关电位（erp））进行检验。目的是检查在编码和检索过程中空间和时间背景之间的电生理活动差异。30名参与者在执行一项联想任务时记录了他们的erp，该任务是按顺序呈现成对的图像。在检索过程中，参与者确定这对图像是否被空间修改，时间修改，相同或新的。空间语境的检索优于时间语境的检索。在第二幅图像的呈现过程中，额叶慢波显示了对正确时间背景的后续记忆效应。FN400在时间背景的记忆过程中存在，而顶叶新旧效应在空间背景的记忆过程中也存在，这两种效应都在第一张图像被显示时出现。这些模式表明，时间背景（与空间背景相比）需要进一步的编码策略，并且与检索时的熟悉程度有很强的区别。因此，空间和时间背景在编码和检索过程中表现出不同的大脑活动。

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引用次数: 0

A novel approach to affect induction using dynamic social stimuli 一种利用动态社会刺激影响诱导的新方法。

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2025.113289

Anna-Maria Kisić , Ralf Schäfer , Kirsten Dammertz-Hölterhoff , Mahboobeh Dehghan-Nayyeri , Valentina Niccolai , Ulrike Dinger

Humans are inherently social beings who depend on successful social interactions. Understanding how different social stimuli elicit emotional responses is crucial for both psychological and physiological research. This study aimed to develop and validate dynamic stimulus material depicting social interactions and perspective-taking. Specifically, it examined whether emotionally charged video sequences of brief hand interactions elicit affect-specific subjective and psychophysiological response patterns.

A total of 81 healthy participants (42 female, 39 male) viewed video clips of hand interactions across four emotional contacts (Love, Neutral, Pain, and Rejection) and three perspectives (Agent, Interaction partner, and Observer). Participants rated arousal and valence using the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM), while electrodermal activity (EDA) and heart rate (HR) were simultaneously recorded as psychophysiological indicators.

Analyses revealed significant effects of the stimuli on both subjective affect ratings and psychophysiological reactivity. SAM ratings of arousal and valence varied across emotional contacts, with perspective additionally influencing arousal. Subjective arousal was highest for Pain and Rejection, with both the Agent and Observer perspective eliciting higher arousal than the Interaction partner perspective. For subjective valence, Love was rated most positively, Pain most negatively. Similar significant effects of emotional contact, perspective, and their interactions were also observed in psychophysiological measures (EDA, HR), with Rejection inducing the highest EDA and HR. These findings demonstrate that the newly developed stimuli effectively induce distinct affective responses, providing a valuable tool for future research on affect perception and processing.

人类是天生的社会性动物，依赖于成功的社会互动。了解不同的社会刺激是如何引起情绪反应的，对于心理学和生理学的研究都是至关重要的。本研究旨在开发和验证描述社会互动和换位思考的动态刺激材料。具体地说，它研究了简短的手部互动的充满情感的视频序列是否会引发特定情感的主观和心理生理反应模式。共有81名健康参与者（42名女性，39名男性）观看了四种情感接触（爱、中立、痛苦和拒绝）和三种视角（代理、互动伙伴和观察者）的手部互动视频剪辑。参与者使用自我评估模型（SAM）评估唤醒和效价，同时记录皮电活动（EDA）和心率（HR）作为心理生理指标。分析表明，刺激对主观影响评分和心理生理反应均有显著影响。情绪接触对唤醒和效价的SAM评分有所不同，视角也会影响唤醒。疼痛和拒绝的主观唤醒最高，代理和观察者的视角都比互动伙伴的视角激发更高的唤醒。在主观效价方面，“爱”被评为最积极的，“痛”被评为最消极的。在心理生理测量（EDA、HR）中也观察到情感接触、观点及其相互作用的类似显著影响，其中排斥诱导的EDA和HR最高。这些发现表明，新发展的刺激能有效地诱导不同的情感反应，为未来情感感知和加工的研究提供了有价值的工具。

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引用次数: 0

Cardiac sympathetic-parasympathetic activity and reactivity during mentalizing in healthy young adults 健康青年心智化过程中心脏交感-副交感神经活动和反应性。

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2025.113290

Bo-Cheng Hsu , Chia-Ying Weng

Mentalizing—the ability to understand and attribute mental states to others—relies on effective self-regulation and social-cognitive processing, both of which may be shaped by cardiac autonomic responses. While prior research has primarily emphasized the role of cardiac parasympathetic (PSNS) activity in social cognition, the contribution of cardiac sympathetic (SNS) activity and its dynamic interaction with PSNS remains underexplored. This study simultaneously investigated resting and task-related cardiac sympathetic-parasympathetic activity and reactivity to examine the associations with mentalizing performance in healthy young adults (N = 120). Resting heart rate variability and systolic time intervals were used to index cardiac PSNS and SNS activity, respectively, with phasic reactivity calculated as percentage change scores during mentalizing performance. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that higher cardiac PSNS activity and lower cardiac SNS activity at rest jointly predicted better mentalizing performance. Importantly, reduced cardiac SNS reactivity—but not cardiac PSNS reactivity—was a stronger predictor of mentalizing performance, and further mediated the relationship between resting cardiac autonomic activity and mentalizing performance. These findings highlighted the importance of cardiac SNS control, alongside cardiac PSNS control, in supporting socio-cognitive processing. This study suggested the understanding of efficient regulation to physiological arousal and advocated for an integrative cardiac psychophysiological model of social cognition that incorporates both cardiac sympathetic-parasympathetic branches.

心智化——一种理解他人心理状态并将其归因于他人的能力——依赖于有效的自我调节和社会认知处理，这两者都可能由心脏自主神经反应形成。虽然先前的研究主要强调心脏副交感神经（PSNS）活动在社会认知中的作用，但心脏交感神经（SNS）活动及其与PSNS的动态相互作用的贡献仍未得到充分探讨。本研究同时调查了健康年轻人静息和任务相关的心脏交感-副交感神经活动和反应性，以检验其与心智化表现的关系（N = 120）。静息心率变异性和收缩时间间隔分别用来衡量心脏PSNS和SNS活动，相反应性以心理表现时的百分比变化得分计算。分层回归分析显示，静止时较高的心脏PSNS活动和较低的心脏SNS活动共同预测较好的心智化表现。重要的是，心脏SNS反应性的降低（而非心脏PSNS反应性）是心智化表现的一个更强的预测因子，并进一步介导了静息心脏自主神经活动与心智化表现之间的关系。这些发现强调了心脏SNS控制和心脏PSNS控制在支持社会认知加工中的重要性。本研究提出了对生理觉醒的有效调控的理解，并提倡一种结合心脏交感-副交感神经分支的社会认知综合心脏心理生理模型。

{"title":"Cardiac sympathetic-parasympathetic activity and reactivity during mentalizing in healthy young adults","authors":"Bo-Cheng Hsu , Chia-Ying Weng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2025.113290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2025.113290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mentalizing—the ability to understand and attribute mental states to others—relies on effective self-regulation and social-cognitive processing, both of which may be shaped by cardiac autonomic responses. While prior research has primarily emphasized the role of cardiac parasympathetic (PSNS) activity in social cognition, the contribution of cardiac sympathetic (SNS) activity and its dynamic interaction with PSNS remains underexplored. This study simultaneously investigated resting and task-related cardiac sympathetic-parasympathetic activity and reactivity to examine the associations with mentalizing performance in healthy young adults (<em>N</em> = 120). Resting heart rate variability and systolic time intervals were used to index cardiac PSNS and SNS activity, respectively, with phasic reactivity calculated as percentage change scores during mentalizing performance. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that higher cardiac PSNS activity and lower cardiac SNS activity at rest jointly predicted better mentalizing performance. Importantly, reduced cardiac SNS reactivity—but not cardiac PSNS reactivity—was a stronger predictor of mentalizing performance, and further mediated the relationship between resting cardiac autonomic activity and mentalizing performance. These findings highlighted the importance of cardiac SNS control, alongside cardiac PSNS control, in supporting socio-cognitive processing. This study suggested the understanding of efficient regulation to physiological arousal and advocated for an integrative cardiac psychophysiological model of social cognition that incorporates both cardiac sympathetic-parasympathetic branches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54945,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychophysiology","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 113290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145544228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MAMF-GCN model for anxious and non-anxious depression classification and neuroimaging marker recognition 焦虑型和非焦虑型抑郁的MAMF-GCN模型及神经影像学标志物识别

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2025.113301

Shouying Wang , Jiyuan Zhang , Rui Zhang , Zidan Li , Can Zhang , Zongya Zhao , Ting Pang , Zhixian Gao , Zhenghui Wang , Yi Yu , Wenjie Ren , Chang Wang

Background

Depression is a prevalent psychological disorder, and distinguishing anxious from non-anxious depression and identifying neuroimaging markers are challenges.

Method

In this study, we used public data from the REST-meta-MDD consortium, selecting 158 patients with anxious depression and 108 with non-anxious depression. We computed multiple neuroimaging metrics, including fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), degree centrality (DC), regional homogeneity (ReHo), voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC), and functional connectivity (FC). We proposed the multi-scale adaptive multi-channel fusion deep graph convolutional network (MAMF-GCN) for anxious and non-anxious depression classification. This model incorporated both neuroimaging-derived features and relevant non-imaging clinical information, including site, age, gender, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores. Furthermore, we applied the gradient backpropagation module to screen potential neuroimaging markers for depression subtyping.

Result

Our approach achieved outstanding classification results, with accuracy (ACC) of 98.12 %, sensitivity (SEN) of 99.41 %, specificity (SPE) of 97.46 %, F1-score of 98.38 %, and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9867. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, the proposed MAMF-GCN model demonstrated superior performance. Ablation experiments confirmed that the MAMF-GCN model effectively utilizes non-imaging clinical information to significantly improve classification performance. Utilizing the gradient backpropagation module, we successfully pinpointed the top ten most discriminative features. Furthermore, we identified the cerebellar network as playing a critical role in differentiating anxious from non-anxious depression, with functional connectivity in the visual, auditory, and motor control networks serving as potential markers.

Conclusions

This method highly effective in classifying anxious and non-anxious depression and in identifying potential neuroimaging markers, thus holding significant clinical application value.

抑郁症是一种普遍存在的心理障碍，区分焦虑性和非焦虑性抑郁症以及识别神经影像学标志物是一项挑战。方法在本研究中，我们使用REST-meta-MDD联盟的公开数据，选择158例焦虑性抑郁患者和108例非焦虑性抑郁患者。我们计算了多个神经成像指标，包括低频波动分数幅值（fALFF）、度中心性（DC）、区域均匀性（ReHo）、体素镜像同伦连通性（VMHC）和功能连通性（FC）。提出了多尺度自适应多通道融合深度图卷积网络（MAMF-GCN）用于焦虑和非焦虑抑郁分类。该模型结合了神经影像学特征和相关的非影像学临床信息，包括部位、年龄、性别和汉密尔顿抑郁评定量表（HAMD）得分。此外，我们应用梯度反向传播模块筛选抑郁症亚型的潜在神经影像学标志物。结果该方法分类准确率（ACC）为98.12%，灵敏度（SEN）为99.41%，特异度（SPE）为97.46%，f1评分为98.38%，曲线下面积（AUC）为0.9867。与最先进的方法相比，所提出的MAMF-GCN模型表现出优越的性能。消融实验证实，MAMF-GCN模型有效利用非影像学临床信息，显著提高了分类性能。利用梯度反向传播模块，我们成功地确定了十大最具判别性的特征。此外，我们发现小脑网络在区分焦虑性抑郁和非焦虑性抑郁方面发挥着关键作用，视觉、听觉和运动控制网络的功能连接是潜在的标志。结论该方法对焦虑性和非焦虑性抑郁症的分类、识别潜在的神经影像学标志物具有较高的临床应用价值。

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引用次数: 0

Individual differences in responses to anger recall: The role of social inhibition 愤怒回忆反应的个体差异：社会抑制的作用。

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2025.113280

Stefanie Duijndam , Annemiek Karreman , Nina Kupper

The current study aimed to examine the role of social inhibition (SI) and its underlying facets (behavioral inhibition, interpersonal sensitivity, and social withdrawal) in explaining individual differences in anger-induced autonomic reactivity and recovery. The sample consisted of 218 undergraduate students (M_age = 20.3, SD = 2.8; 80 % women). Participants completed the 15-item Social Inhibition Questionnaire and participated in either the Anger Recall task (n = 143) or the Neutral Recall task (n = 75), while continuous blood pressure, electrodermal activity, and an electrocardiogram were recorded. Subjective anger responses were assessed before and after the tasks. Repeated-measures-ANOVAs, adjusted for the effects of sex, revealed that SI and interpersonal sensitivity were associated with increased experienced anger throughout the experiment, and that social withdrawal was associated with heightened skin sympathetic activity. In women, social inhibition was associated with stronger parasympathetic withdrawal, while in men social inhibition was associated with heightened hemodynamic reactivity, interpersonal sensitivity with overall increased blood pressure levels, and social withdrawal with better heart period recovery. These findings may imply that parasympathetic and sympathetic markers of autonomic regulation play different roles in socially inhibited men and women, and it reflects the importance of investigating the underlying facets of SI separately. Furthermore, we observed that changes in heart period and diastolic blood pressure were more likely attributable to anger induction, but other responses may be more strongly affected by vocalization or the interpersonal nature of the task. Therefore, future research is warranted to establish whether these associations are specific to anger or generalize to other stress contexts.

本研究旨在探讨社会抑制（SI）及其潜在方面（行为抑制、人际敏感和社会退缩）在解释愤怒诱导的自主神经反应和恢复的个体差异中的作用。样本由218名本科生组成（男性 = 20.3，女性 = 2.8；女性80 %）。参与者完成了15项社会抑制问卷，并参与了愤怒回忆任务（n = 143）或中性回忆任务（n = 75），同时记录了持续的血压、皮肤电活动和心电图。在任务前后分别评估主观愤怒反应。重复测量-方差分析，调整了性别的影响，揭示了在整个实验中，SI和人际敏感性与增加的经验愤怒有关，而社交回避与皮肤交感神经活动增加有关。在女性中，社交抑制与更强的副交感神经戒断有关，而在男性中，社交抑制与血液动力学反应性增强有关，人际敏感性与总体血压水平升高有关，社交戒断与心脏期更好的恢复有关。这些发现可能意味着自主神经调节的副交感神经和交感神经标记在社会抑制的男性和女性中发挥着不同的作用，这反映了单独研究SI潜在方面的重要性。此外，我们观察到心脏周期和舒张压的变化更可能归因于愤怒诱导，但其他反应可能更强烈地受到发声或任务的人际关系性质的影响。因此，未来的研究有必要确定这些关联是特定于愤怒还是普遍存在于其他压力环境中。

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引用次数: 0

Pupil-linked arousal does not differ between ‘white’, ‘pink’ and ‘brown’ noises “白色”、“粉红色”和“棕色”的声音与瞳孔相关的唤醒没有区别

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2025.113271

Mercede Erfanian , Maria Chait , Jian Kang

‘Coloured’ noises, such as white, pink, and brown noise, have gained attention in popular media as potential tools for enhancing memory consolidation, sleep quality, attentional focus, and more. These terms refer to distinct spectral slopes, which give rise to perceptually different noise stimuli. Although empirical research on their effects remains limited, a prevailing hypothesis suggests that their influence may be mediated by differential effects on arousal. In this study, we investigated this hypothesis using pupillometry, a physiological marker of autonomic nervous system activity. Thirty-eight participants were recruited, with data from 31 included in the analysis. Participants listened to three types of noise (white, pink, and brown), each presented for 10 s, while their pupil diameter was recorded. The results showed no significant modulation of pupil size across noise conditions. These findings suggest that, despite widespread claims about the distinct arousing or calming properties of coloured noises, they do not differentially affect sustained pupil-linked arousal in naïve listeners.

“有色”噪音，如白色、粉红色和棕色噪音，作为增强记忆巩固、睡眠质量、注意力集中等的潜在工具，在大众媒体上引起了人们的关注。这些术语指的是不同的频谱斜率，这会产生感知上不同的噪声刺激。尽管对其影响的实证研究仍然有限，但一个普遍的假设表明，它们的影响可能是由对觉醒的不同影响介导的。在这项研究中，我们使用瞳孔测量法（一种自主神经系统活动的生理指标）来调查这一假设。研究招募了38名参与者，其中31人的数据被纳入分析。参与者听三种类型的噪音（白色、粉红色和棕色），每种噪音播放10秒，同时记录他们的瞳孔直径。结果显示，在不同的噪声条件下，瞳孔大小没有显著的变化。这些发现表明，尽管人们普遍认为彩色噪音具有独特的唤醒或镇静特性，但它们对naïve听众的瞳孔相关的持续唤醒并没有不同的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Self-positivity bias: A comprehensive examination of the ERP and behavioral substrates of self- and other-referential processing in early adolescence 自我积极倾向：青少年早期自我和他人参照加工的ERP和行为基础的综合研究。

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2025.113284

Pan Liu, Jaron X.Y. Tan

Self-referential information, especially when positive in valence, is uniquely salient and preferentially processed even in children. This “self-positivity” bias is critical for adaptive socioemotional development and protects against the emergence of psychopathology. Early adolescence is a critical period of rapid maturation in self-cognition and brain functions; however, it remains unclear how the early adolescence brain mediates the self-positivity bias in information processing. Ninety-two 10- to 14-year-old community-dwelling early adolescents completed an EEG version of the Self-Referent Encoding Task (SRET) consisting of a self-referential and an other-referential condition, following which they were unexpectedly asked to complete a recognition task of the presented words. A data-driven principal component analysis isolated five SRET-elicited ERPs: P1, P2, N400, and anterior and posterior late positive potential (aLPP, pLPP). Two-way ANOVAs (Referent × Valence) demonstrated a “self-positivity” bias in recognition, memory sensitivity, and the aLPP: youths showed better recognition, higher memory sensitivity, an enhanced aLPP for Self-Positive versus Self-Negative words, whereas no such differences were found between Other-Positive and Other-negative words. We provided novel, robust evidence on a self-positivity bias that uniquely favored Self-Positive words across different behavioral and ERP metrics of the SRET in youths. These findings contribute to our mechanistic knowledge of how early adolescents process self-referential information and inform future studies on the role of self-referential processing in socioemotional development.

自我指涉信息，尤其是效价为正的自我指涉信息，即使在儿童中也具有独特的显著性和优先加工性。这种“自我积极”的偏见对适应性社会情感发展至关重要，并防止精神病理学的出现。青少年早期是自我认知和大脑功能快速成熟的关键时期；然而，目前尚不清楚青少年早期大脑是如何调节信息处理中的自我积极倾向的。92名10- 14岁的社区青少年完成了一个EEG版本的自我参照编码任务（SRET），其中包括一个自我参照和一个他人参照条件，随后他们被意外地要求完成一个对所呈现单词的识别任务。数据驱动的主成分分析分离出5种由sret引发的erp: P1、P2、N400和前后晚期正电位（aLPP、pLPP）。双向方差分析（参考x效价）表明，青少年在认知、记忆敏感性和aLPP方面存在“自我积极”的偏倚：自我积极词与自我消极词的认知能力更强，记忆敏感性更高，aLPP增强，而其他积极词与其他消极词之间没有这种差异。我们提供了新颖的、有力的证据，证明自我积极倾向偏向在青少年的不同行为和ERP测量中独特地倾向于自我积极词汇。这些发现有助于我们了解早期青少年如何加工自我参照信息的机制，并为未来关于自我参照加工在社会情感发展中的作用的研究提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

More than meets the eye: Retinal phosphenes as confounds in transcranial alternating current stimulation 超过满足眼睛：视网膜磷光在经颅交流电刺激混淆。

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2025.113285

Dennis J.L.G. Schutter , Miles Wischnewski , Sonia Paternò , Fenne M. Smits

Effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on the central nervous system are well-established. However, tACS can elicit retinal phosphenes due to current spread to the eyes complicating brain-centred working mechanisms of neuromodulation. Electric field simulations on realistic head models confirm current leakage to the eyes and potentially the optic nerve. In addition, results from vision science point toward retina-induced effects on the brain outside perceptual awareness. Retinal phosphenes and changes in retinal sensitivity as corollaries of tACS need to be considered to understand the mechanisms by which exogenous oscillatory field potentials establishes their effects in the brain.

经颅交流电刺激（tACS）对中枢神经系统的影响已经得到证实。然而，由于电流扩散到眼睛，使以大脑为中心的神经调节工作机制复杂化，tACS可引起视网膜磷光。在真实头部模型上的电场模拟证实了电流渗漏到眼睛和潜在的视神经。此外，视觉科学的结果指出，视网膜对大脑的影响是在知觉之外的。为了理解外源性振荡场电位在大脑中建立作用的机制，需要考虑视黄酮和视黄酮敏感性变化作为tACS的必然结果。

引用次数: 0