International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry最新文献

This study aimed to clinically evaluate the effectiveness of two different at-home whitening protocols and to determine which is more effective: applying the whitening gel (16% carbamide peroxide) every 24 hours (Group A) or every 48 hours (Group B) for 2 weeks. Group C received a placebo gel (glycerin) without peroxide, which was applied every 24 hours for 2 weeks. The differences in terms of tooth sensitivity were also analyzed. A sample of 60 patients was divided into three groups of 20 patients. To compare the groups, color measurements were made using a spectrophotometer, and Student t test was used for independent samples. The confidence level was set at 95% (P ≤ .05). No statistically significant differences were found between Groups A and B (P > .05). The study concluded that 16% carbamide peroxide was equally effective when applied with either protocol and obtained the same results, but the 48-hour application protocol produced less sensitivity than the 24-hour application protocol.

The purpose of this case series was to assess the application of a novel self-cutting, tapered implant (Straumann® BLX, Institut Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland) in combination with a digital integrated prosthetic workflow for the immediate placement and restoration. Fourteen consecutive patients, requiring replacement of a single hopeless maxillary or mandibular tooth, meeting the clinical and radiographic indication criteria for immediate implant placement, were treated. All cases followed the same digitally-guided procedure of extraction and immediate implant placement. Immediate temporization with full contoured screw-retained provisionals was performed using an integrated digital workflow. After implant placement and dual-zone bone and soft tissue augmentation, connecting geometries and emergence profiles were finalized. The average implant insertion torque was 53.2 ± 14.9 Ncm and ranged between 35 and 80 Ncm, allowing immediate provisional restoration in all cases. Final restorations were delivered three months after implant placement. An implant survival rate of 100% was observed at the 1-year recall after loading. The results of this case series suggest that immediate placement of novel tapered implants and immediate provisionalization using an integrated digital workflow can result in predictable functional and esthetic results for the immediate transition of failing single teeth in the esthetic area.

Xenogeneic-derived biomaterials are among the most routinely employed bone substitutes for immediate grafting of extraction sites as a modality of alveolar ridge preservation (ARP). The deproteinized bovine bone material is widely used and documented around the world. The present pilot clinical trial evaluated and compared the clinical and morphologic alterations of extraction sites after ARP using two commercially available yet differently processed bovine bone grafts. A total of 20 adjacent extraction sites in 10 patients were included. All sites received the exact same ARP therapy except for the type of bovine bone graft, which was randomly assigned between two adjacent extraction sockets in 10 patients (Group A received Bio-Oss particles and Group B received Cerabone particles). At all sites, healing was monitored at the time of surgery and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 months postoperative. All of the augmented extraction sites achieved successful implant therapy regardless of the bone graft material used for ARP. Six weeks after implant placement, second-stage/uncovering procedures were performed without complications. Intergroup comparisons of the crestal gingival healing process (CGHP), mean transversal crestal ridge resorption (MTRR), and mean implant primary stability (MIPS) were in favor of Group A sites (treatment with Bio-Oss particles).

This retrospective case series investigated the clinical and radiographic outcomes in 19 intrabony defects treated with periodontal regenerative therapy utilizing a combined approach. Placing an amnion-chorion membrane (ACM) as a biologic modifier on the root surface of the periodontally diseased tooth, combined with bone substitutes and an additional ACM as a barrier membrane, the treated sites were examined 8 to 24 months after the therapy. The preoperative (baseline) mean probing pocket depth (PPD) was 7.21 ± 1.08 mm, and the mean clinical attachment level (CAL) was 7.68 ± 1.49 mm. A mean PPD reduction of 4.05 ± 1.22 mm, CAL gain of 3.68 ± 1.34 mm, and 73.91% ± 22.02% of bone fill were recorded postoperatively. Without any adverse events, root-surface application of ACM as a biologic material in periodontal regenerative therapy could be a safe and cost-effective approach.

Peri-implant soft tissue deformities are an increasingly common phenomenon in the esthetic zone. While the most widely studied esthetic complications are peri-implant soft tissue dehiscences, there are other esthetic concerns in routine clinical practice that require investigation and treatment. Thus, this report on two clinical cases describes a surgical approach using the apical access technique to treat peri-implant soft tissue discoloration and fenestration. In both clinical scenarios, the defect was accessed via a single horizontal apical incision without removing the cement-retained crowns. A bilaminar technique using apical access with a simultaneous connective tissue graft seems to offer promising results for the treatment of peri-implant soft tissue deformities. At the 12-month reevaluation, an increase in peri-implant soft tissue thickness was observed, resolving the pathologies presented.

The effects of buccal contour augmentation, for periodontally compromised teeth with horizontal bone loss, was assessed in this study. 30 subjects were divided into group A (open flap debridement [OFD] with buccal contour augmentation using deproteinized bovine bone mineral [DBBM]), jointly referred to as Contour augmentation for Periodontal Defects (CAPD); and group B (OFD alone). Bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), width (WKM) and thickness (TKM) of keratinized mucosa and labial cortical plate thickness were compared at baseline and 1-year. BOP, CAL, PD and GR did not show significant differences. TKM increased by 1.76 mm for group A, while decreased by 1 mm for group B. WKM increased from 2.86 ± 0.4 mm to 3.6 ± 0.71 mm (p<0.001) and 2.93 ± 0.32 mm to 3 ± 0.7 mm (p = 0.5) for groups A and B respectively, which showed a statistical significance. Labial cortical plate thickness increased from 0.94 ± 0.3 mm to 1.95 ± 0.54 mm (p<0.001) for group A, while decreased from 0.87 ± 0.45 mm to 0.68 ± 0.31 mm for group B. Visual analog scale score for pain perception showed no difference between the 2 groups. Contour augmentation (CAPD) with DBBM for periodontally compromised teeth improves WKM and TKM. Long-term analyses are needed to determine its benefits in daily clinical practice.

Aim: To investigate the dimensional stability and quality of the alveolar ridge augmented using a synthetic bone block (SBB) at damaged extraction sockets.

Materials and methods: Four participants were included in whom socket augmentation was performed using SBB and a collagen membrane. Intraoral scan (IOS) was performed before extraction (baseline), immediately postoperative (IP), and at 6 months (6M). Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed at IP and 6M. At 6M, a trephine biopsy was obtained during implant placement and the sample was observed using synchrotron. Profilometric change of soft tissue was measured from the IOS data, hard tissue dimensional change was measured from the CBCT data and the bone quality from synchrotron data.

Results: There were minimal changes in the soft tissue profile between baseline and IP, baseline and 6M, and IP and 6M (0.11±1.08 and 0.02±0.8, and -0.65±0.82 mm3). Horizontal bone width measured at 1 mm increments from the augmented bone crest to 5 mm apically revealed only slight reduction (less than 1 mm) at all levels between IP and 6M. The augmented bone height was well maintained from IP until 6M (-0.21±0.53 mm). Synchrotron analysis revealed low to moderate bone quality after 6M (percentage new bone = 16.49±4.91).

Conclusions: Augmentation of the damaged extraction socket using SBB is a viable technique, in which the dimensions of the augmented ridge can be maintained up to 6M. Further long term randomized clinical trial is needed.

Introduction: Peripheral Giant Cell Granulomas (PGCGs) are benign oral cavity tumors, reactive in nature, caused by local trauma or irritation.

Case presentation: A 51-year-old female patient presented with a soft tissue lesion related to implant site #19. Excisional biopsy was completed, and the soft tissue mass was diagnosed as a Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (PGCG). The biopsy led to absence of keratinized tissue and vestibular depth around the implant site. After the initial healing phase of the biopsy, a free gingival graft was completed and following the maturation of the soft tissue the cement retained implant supported prosthesis was converted into a screw retained implant supported prosthesis.

Conclusion: With a combined periodontal and restorative approach increased KT, adequate vestibular depth, no recurrence of the PGCG was achieved as well as an easily accessible screw retained implant supported prosthesis.

Despite the various barrier membranes proposed, one of the main challenges for guided bone regeneration (GBR) is space maintenance for large defects as well as ensure adequate blood supply. The presented feasibility case series aims to introduce an original titanium frame (TF) design, customized for each defect, as a modification of well-known principles and materials for GBR, for an enhanced and more predictable horizontal and vertical bone augmentation. Three patients with significant horizontal defects were treated with pre-trimmed TFs to create needed space, a 50%-50% mixture of autograft and bovine xenograft was placed, and then covered with collagen membrane. After 8 months of healing, the sites were reopened, the titanium screws were removed with the frame. An average of 8.0 ± 1.0mm horizontal and 3.0 ± 0.0mm vertical bone gain was achieved at the time of re-entry and implant placement surgery. Bone core biopsy was obtained during the implant placement. Histomorphometric analysis revealed that 42.8% of the sample was new vital bone, 18.8% was residual bone graft particles, and 38.4% was bone marrow like structures. After 3-4 months from implant placement, the implants were restored with provisional crowns and then finalized with zirconia screw-retained crowns. This case series suggests that GBR utilizing TFs with or without collagen membranes can be considered a suitable approach for horizontal and vertical bone augmentation. However, based on only three reported cases, the result should be carefully interpreted.

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) versus connective tissue graft (CTG) for root coverage in patients with gingival recession. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the comparison of ADM with CTG in adult patients with gingival recession were searched in multiple databases updated on 15th May 2020. The quality of studies was evaluated using the upgraded Jadad scale. Included studies were assessed for percent root coverage (PRC), clinical attachment level (CAL), keratinized tissue (KT), probing depth (PD), recession width (RW) and recession depth (RD). Weighted mean difference (WMD) was used as the statistics for measurement data and the effect sizes were expressed as 95% confidence intervals (CI). Totally 24 RCTs were eligible for the final analysis. The patients accepting ADM had a higher gain in CAL (WMD: 0.250, 95%CI: 0.030-0.470, P=0.026) but a smaller gain in KT width (WMD: -0.440, 95%CI: -0.629--0.252, P<0.001) than those receiving CTG. No significant differences were found between the patients accepting ADM and those undergoing CTG in PRC (WMD: -1.608, 95%CI: -3.491-0.275, P=0.094), PD (WMD: 0.066, 95%CI: -0.005-0.137, P=0.067), RW (WMD: 0.065, 95%CI: -0.098-0.228, P=0.437) and RD (WMD: 0.109, 95%CI: -0.095-0.314, P=0.294). Overall, the ADM treatment for patients with gingival recession may be superior to CTG in gaining CAL, but CTG has a significant advantage over ADM in gaining KT width.