Pub Date : 2025-10-07DOI: 10.1109/TLA.2025.11194763
Samia Allaoua-Chelloug;Gilberto Fernando Castro Aguilar;Nemury Silega;Inelda Martillo Alcívar;Mohammed Saleh Ali Muthanna;Ahmed Aziz
The importance of integration and retrieval of data is growing more and more in the context of post-COVID-19 analysis because of the increased generation of data in research and resources for studying COVID-19. In this context, the analysis of contagion groups that share some specific feature (for example, people that work together, people with the same clinical manifestation, etc.) may offer remarkable insights about COVID-19. For instance, it can be helpful to recognize the behavior of this disease in accordance with the unique characteristics of a group of people. In this regard, ontologies are a widely accepted alternative for representing and analyzing knowledge. Given their benefits, this paper introduces an ontology-based method to formally describe and analyze information about specific groups of people with COVID-19. Since the ontology was specified in OWL, a formal language based on description logics, it enables the consistency of the represented information to be verified and use automatic reasoning to deduce new knowledge. This approach allows modeling a wide variety of characteristics (symptoms, comorbidities, treatments, etc.) of the individuals and consequently use it to infer the general characteristics of the groups that they belong to. Hence, a reasoner can be applied to perform advanced analysis either to identify patterns in these groups or to find similarity with other groups. To demonstrate the applicability of this method, a case study is described. In addition, the ontology was used to represent and analyze the information of a sample of patients extracted from a public dataset. The results demonstrate the capability of the ontology to represent and analyze information about specific groups of people with COVID-19.
{"title":"A method based on ontologies to support the automatic management of knowledge about Covid-19","authors":"Samia Allaoua-Chelloug;Gilberto Fernando Castro Aguilar;Nemury Silega;Inelda Martillo Alcívar;Mohammed Saleh Ali Muthanna;Ahmed Aziz","doi":"10.1109/TLA.2025.11194763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TLA.2025.11194763","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of integration and retrieval of data is growing more and more in the context of post-COVID-19 analysis because of the increased generation of data in research and resources for studying COVID-19. In this context, the analysis of contagion groups that share some specific feature (for example, people that work together, people with the same clinical manifestation, etc.) may offer remarkable insights about COVID-19. For instance, it can be helpful to recognize the behavior of this disease in accordance with the unique characteristics of a group of people. In this regard, ontologies are a widely accepted alternative for representing and analyzing knowledge. Given their benefits, this paper introduces an ontology-based method to formally describe and analyze information about specific groups of people with COVID-19. Since the ontology was specified in OWL, a formal language based on description logics, it enables the consistency of the represented information to be verified and use automatic reasoning to deduce new knowledge. This approach allows modeling a wide variety of characteristics (symptoms, comorbidities, treatments, etc.) of the individuals and consequently use it to infer the general characteristics of the groups that they belong to. Hence, a reasoner can be applied to perform advanced analysis either to identify patterns in these groups or to find similarity with other groups. To demonstrate the applicability of this method, a case study is described. In addition, the ontology was used to represent and analyze the information of a sample of patients extracted from a public dataset. The results demonstrate the capability of the ontology to represent and analyze information about specific groups of people with COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":55024,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Latin America Transactions","volume":"23 11","pages":"969-979"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11194763","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-07DOI: 10.1109/TLA.2025.11194770
Antonio Wellington Dantas da Costa;Leticia Oliveira Santos;Paulo César Marques de Carvalho
This article presents a bibliometric review of floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems in tropical climates, focusing on the thermal behavior. The influence of specific weather conditions of tropical regions on the efficiency and performance of FPV systems is analyzed, such as ambient and water temperature. The study identifies important gaps in the literature, such as the need for predictive models that account for tropical climate variables and the lack of longitudinal studies that address the effects of thermal degradation over time. The review suggests directions for future research, including exploring strategies to optimise PV performance in tropical climates, with a focus on improving energy efficiency and system durability.
{"title":"A Review of Thermal Behavior of Floating Photovoltaic Under Tropical Climates","authors":"Antonio Wellington Dantas da Costa;Leticia Oliveira Santos;Paulo César Marques de Carvalho","doi":"10.1109/TLA.2025.11194770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TLA.2025.11194770","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a bibliometric review of floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems in tropical climates, focusing on the thermal behavior. The influence of specific weather conditions of tropical regions on the efficiency and performance of FPV systems is analyzed, such as ambient and water temperature. The study identifies important gaps in the literature, such as the need for predictive models that account for tropical climate variables and the lack of longitudinal studies that address the effects of thermal degradation over time. The review suggests directions for future research, including exploring strategies to optimise PV performance in tropical climates, with a focus on improving energy efficiency and system durability.","PeriodicalId":55024,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Latin America Transactions","volume":"23 11","pages":"1050-1059"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11194770","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-07DOI: 10.1109/TLA.2025.11194760
Omar Silva;Luisa Medina Fermino Carlos;Felipe Corchs;Fátima L. S. Nunes;Ariane Machado-Lima
Emotion recognition in humans is a multidisciplinary field that involves analyzing several types of data. Computational techniques in pattern recognition and machine learning have been applied to emotion analysis using various modalities, including gestures and facial expressions (visual signals), the lexical content of spoken or written language (textual signals), and the sound of speech (acoustic signals). Acoustic analysis leverages characteristics of speech such as frequency, tone, intensity, and harmonics, which are strongly linked to emotional states. This type of acoustic analysis has numerous applications, such as examining relationships through dialogue, enhancing human-machine interaction, and detecting psychiatric disorders, among others. While the performance of audio-based emotion recognition algorithms is well explored in several languages, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding emotion recognition in audio dialogues in Portuguese. This article aims to address this gap by evaluating the performance of three algorithms that use different models to recognize discrete emotions, happiness, anger, fear, disgust, sadness, surprise, and neutral, in Brazilian Portuguese audios. The results indicate that significant advancements are still needed for effective emotion recognition in this language.Among the algorithms studied, the maximum accuracy and F1-score achieved were 0.53, and no peer-reviewed publications were found, specifically on emotion recognition in Portuguese involving multiple datasets.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of emotion recognition algorithms in Brazilian Portuguese language audios","authors":"Omar Silva;Luisa Medina Fermino Carlos;Felipe Corchs;Fátima L. S. Nunes;Ariane Machado-Lima","doi":"10.1109/TLA.2025.11194760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TLA.2025.11194760","url":null,"abstract":"Emotion recognition in humans is a multidisciplinary field that involves analyzing several types of data. Computational techniques in pattern recognition and machine learning have been applied to emotion analysis using various modalities, including gestures and facial expressions (visual signals), the lexical content of spoken or written language (textual signals), and the sound of speech (acoustic signals). Acoustic analysis leverages characteristics of speech such as frequency, tone, intensity, and harmonics, which are strongly linked to emotional states. This type of acoustic analysis has numerous applications, such as examining relationships through dialogue, enhancing human-machine interaction, and detecting psychiatric disorders, among others. While the performance of audio-based emotion recognition algorithms is well explored in several languages, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding emotion recognition in audio dialogues in Portuguese. This article aims to address this gap by evaluating the performance of three algorithms that use different models to recognize discrete emotions, happiness, anger, fear, disgust, sadness, surprise, and neutral, in Brazilian Portuguese audios. The results indicate that significant advancements are still needed for effective emotion recognition in this language.Among the algorithms studied, the maximum accuracy and F1-score achieved were 0.53, and no peer-reviewed publications were found, specifically on emotion recognition in Portuguese involving multiple datasets.","PeriodicalId":55024,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Latin America Transactions","volume":"23 11","pages":"940-949"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11194760","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-07DOI: 10.1109/TLA.2025.11194765
Ricardo Tapia-Herrera;Tonatiuh Hernádez-Cortés;Alexis Rojas-Ruiz;Beatriz A. Jaime-Fonseca;Jesus Alberto Meda-Campaña
In the field of control, output regulation theory ensures the tracking of reference signals generated by a known dynamic exogenous system, referred to as the exosystem. However, there are applications where the exosystem may be unknown. In this context, the present paper proposes a controller based on Francis output regulation theory, where a high-gain observer (HGO) is used to estimate the states of the unmodeled reference signals. This observer is structurally integrated into the discrete form of Francis output regulation equations as the exosystem. The proposed approach assumes that discrete-time unmodeled reference signals are obtained by transforming a given trajectory from the workspace into joint space of a robotic manipulator. Consequently, the accuracy of motion in Cartesian space depends on the tracking error in each joint. As a case study, a two-degree-of-freedom robot is presented, and its dynamic model is used as the basis for constructing the controller. Finally, simulations are performed using a multibody model developed in Simulink-Simscape to demonstrate that the proposed controller satisfies the stability and asymptotic regulation criteria.
{"title":"Tracking of discrete-time unmodeled reference signals in robotic manipulators using output regulation theory and high-gain observers","authors":"Ricardo Tapia-Herrera;Tonatiuh Hernádez-Cortés;Alexis Rojas-Ruiz;Beatriz A. Jaime-Fonseca;Jesus Alberto Meda-Campaña","doi":"10.1109/TLA.2025.11194765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TLA.2025.11194765","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of control, output regulation theory ensures the tracking of reference signals generated by a known dynamic exogenous system, referred to as the exosystem. However, there are applications where the exosystem may be unknown. In this context, the present paper proposes a controller based on Francis output regulation theory, where a high-gain observer (HGO) is used to estimate the states of the unmodeled reference signals. This observer is structurally integrated into the discrete form of Francis output regulation equations as the exosystem. The proposed approach assumes that discrete-time unmodeled reference signals are obtained by transforming a given trajectory from the workspace into joint space of a robotic manipulator. Consequently, the accuracy of motion in Cartesian space depends on the tracking error in each joint. As a case study, a two-degree-of-freedom robot is presented, and its dynamic model is used as the basis for constructing the controller. Finally, simulations are performed using a multibody model developed in Simulink-Simscape to demonstrate that the proposed controller satisfies the stability and asymptotic regulation criteria.","PeriodicalId":55024,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Latin America Transactions","volume":"23 11","pages":"989-1000"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11194765","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-07DOI: 10.1109/TLA.2025.11194768
Juan Pablo Cecchini;Luis Ignacio Silva;Esteban Luis Venghi;Carlos Ramiro Rodríguez;Ernesto Esteban Coutsiers
This study models and evaluates a hybrid energy system for the Pujato Norte community, integrating photovoltaic solar, a biogas generator, and grid connection. Using HOMER Pro software, the project assessed economic feasibility, operational aspects, and maintenance costs over a 25-year projection, targeting a minimum 50% renewable energy contribution. Results indicate an optimal configuration comprising a 501 kW photovoltaic plant and a 50 kW biomass generator, capable of meeting the average daily load of 4,109 kWh. While the estimated initial investment is USD 997,029 and the resulting energy cost of USD 0.1738/kWh exceeds current grid rates, the system delivers a significant environmental benefit: a 41% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, equivalent to 297,554.86 kg CO annually. This substantial decrease underscores the hybrid system's potential to provide a more sustainable, long-term energy alternative by mitigating the environmental impact of local power generation.
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Solar Photovoltaic/Biogas Systems Connected to the Grid: Case Study of a Rural Community in Argentina","authors":"Juan Pablo Cecchini;Luis Ignacio Silva;Esteban Luis Venghi;Carlos Ramiro Rodríguez;Ernesto Esteban Coutsiers","doi":"10.1109/TLA.2025.11194768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TLA.2025.11194768","url":null,"abstract":"This study models and evaluates a hybrid energy system for the Pujato Norte community, integrating photovoltaic solar, a biogas generator, and grid connection. Using HOMER Pro software, the project assessed economic feasibility, operational aspects, and maintenance costs over a 25-year projection, targeting a minimum 50% renewable energy contribution. Results indicate an optimal configuration comprising a 501 kW photovoltaic plant and a 50 kW biomass generator, capable of meeting the average daily load of 4,109 kWh. While the estimated initial investment is USD 997,029 and the resulting energy cost of USD 0.1738/kWh exceeds current grid rates, the system delivers a significant environmental benefit: a 41% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, equivalent to 297,554.86 kg CO annually. This substantial decrease underscores the hybrid system's potential to provide a more sustainable, long-term energy alternative by mitigating the environmental impact of local power generation.","PeriodicalId":55024,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Latin America Transactions","volume":"23 11","pages":"1011-1021"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11194768","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-07DOI: 10.1109/TLA.2025.11194774
Nicolas Rondan;Marcos Juayek;Jose Joskowicz;Rafael Sotelo;Santiago Quincke;Andres Patrone;Maximiliano Aguerre;Gastón Gonzalez
This paper explores the problem of automating the detection of commercial breaks in live broadcasts and video recordings, distinguishing them from regular channel content with a focus on the use of visual signals, commonly referred to as bumpers, to clearly distinguish commercial content from regular programming. Accurate measurement of commercial break duration is crucial for regulatory compliance, ensuring timely airing for advertisers, and maintaining verifiable records for broadcasters. Through an examination of regulatory frameworks in various countries, such as Spain, Uruguay, and the United States, this paper discusses how these regulations are applied and explores the potential for automated detection technologies to aid broadcasters and regulators in monitoring compliance. The paper describes the results of the implementation of a system for automatic TV advertising detection, including its design and performance analysis.
{"title":"A Novel System for Automatic Detection of TV Commercial Breaks","authors":"Nicolas Rondan;Marcos Juayek;Jose Joskowicz;Rafael Sotelo;Santiago Quincke;Andres Patrone;Maximiliano Aguerre;Gastón Gonzalez","doi":"10.1109/TLA.2025.11194774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TLA.2025.11194774","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the problem of automating the detection of commercial breaks in live broadcasts and video recordings, distinguishing them from regular channel content with a focus on the use of visual signals, commonly referred to as bumpers, to clearly distinguish commercial content from regular programming. Accurate measurement of commercial break duration is crucial for regulatory compliance, ensuring timely airing for advertisers, and maintaining verifiable records for broadcasters. Through an examination of regulatory frameworks in various countries, such as Spain, Uruguay, and the United States, this paper discusses how these regulations are applied and explores the potential for automated detection technologies to aid broadcasters and regulators in monitoring compliance. The paper describes the results of the implementation of a system for automatic TV advertising detection, including its design and performance analysis.","PeriodicalId":55024,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Latin America Transactions","volume":"23 11","pages":"1109-1120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11194774","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-07DOI: 10.1109/TLA.2025.11194772
Maximiliano Véliz;Alejandro Otero
This paper presents a low complexity non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) approach for residential electric powerbased on digital signal processing. The aim is to identify the real operating frames of each household appliance from the aggregated current signal frames. In the methodology, two detection methods are derived. The first method, named direct method, identifies the active frames of each device by identifying the most probable combination between devices in the aggregated signal. The second method, termed indirect method, identifies the active frames of a particular device by means of a projection of the aggregated signal onto a Fourier subspace representing the characteristic footprint of the device. The methodology is tested on 4 datasets collected in Argentina. and high performance metrics are achieved. A pilot test is carried out with an ATSAMD21G18 microcontroller on the Itsy Bitsy M0 Express.
{"title":"Non-intrusive load disaggregation based on digital signal processing for microcontroller application","authors":"Maximiliano Véliz;Alejandro Otero","doi":"10.1109/TLA.2025.11194772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TLA.2025.11194772","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a low complexity non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) approach for residential electric powerbased on digital signal processing. The aim is to identify the real operating frames of each household appliance from the aggregated current signal frames. In the methodology, two detection methods are derived. The first method, named direct method, identifies the active frames of each device by identifying the most probable combination between devices in the aggregated signal. The second method, termed indirect method, identifies the active frames of a particular device by means of a projection of the aggregated signal onto a Fourier subspace representing the characteristic footprint of the device. The methodology is tested on 4 datasets collected in Argentina. and high performance metrics are achieved. A pilot test is carried out with an ATSAMD21G18 microcontroller on the Itsy Bitsy M0 Express.","PeriodicalId":55024,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Latin America Transactions","volume":"23 11","pages":"1070-1080"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11194772","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-07DOI: 10.1109/TLA.2025.11194761
Divya Chaturvedi;V L Bhavani Maddirala;Arvind Kumar
In this work, a slotted rectangular microstrip patch antenna-array-sensor is proposed for breast tumor detection operating in Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) frequency band at 5.8 GHz. To increase the sensitivity and better coverage region, a 14 antenna-array with overall size 0.96 g 2.5 g has been developed instead of a single element. To excite each antenna element, a 1:4 power divider is employed in corporate feeding with microstrip technology. To acquire the conforming ability on hemispherical surface, the antenna array sensor is realized on RT Duroid 5880 of thickness 0.508 mm. A monostatic radar-based technique using microwave signals is used to detect the contrast between healthy and malignant tissues. Initially, the sensors performance has been evaluated over a multi-layered breast equivalent phantom comprising skin and fat layers along with tumor. Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) analysis is conducted to assess the variations in the biological tissues of the breast equivalent phantom, distinguishing between healthy and malignant tissues. Also, experimental results reveal that the 14 array sensor provides improved sensitivity, gain, and directional energy delivery, enabling better detection of tumors at varying sizes and depths.
在这项工作中，提出了一种用于乳腺肿瘤检测的开槽矩形微带贴片天线阵列传感器，工作在5.8 GHz的工业科学和医疗（ISM）频段。为了提高灵敏度和更好的覆盖范围，开发了一个总尺寸为0.96 g 2.5 g的14天线阵列来代替单个元件。为了激励每个天线元件，在微带技术的公司馈电中采用1:4功率分配器。天线阵列传感器采用厚度为0.508 mm的RT Duroid 5880实现，以获得半球面的适配能力。一种基于单站雷达的技术利用微波信号来检测健康和恶性组织之间的对比。最初，传感器的性能已经在多层乳房等效模型上进行了评估，该模型包括皮肤和脂肪层以及肿瘤。进行特定吸收率（SAR）分析，以评估乳腺等效假体生物组织的变化，区分健康组织和恶性组织。此外，实验结果表明，14阵列传感器提供了更好的灵敏度、增益和定向能量传递，能够更好地检测不同大小和深度的肿瘤。
{"title":"Design of Rectangular Slotted-Patch Antenna Array-Sensor for Breast-Tumor Detection","authors":"Divya Chaturvedi;V L Bhavani Maddirala;Arvind Kumar","doi":"10.1109/TLA.2025.11194761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TLA.2025.11194761","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a slotted rectangular microstrip patch antenna-array-sensor is proposed for breast tumor detection operating in Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) frequency band at 5.8 GHz. To increase the sensitivity and better coverage region, a 14 antenna-array with overall size 0.96 g 2.5 g has been developed instead of a single element. To excite each antenna element, a 1:4 power divider is employed in corporate feeding with microstrip technology. To acquire the conforming ability on hemispherical surface, the antenna array sensor is realized on RT Duroid 5880 of thickness 0.508 mm. A monostatic radar-based technique using microwave signals is used to detect the contrast between healthy and malignant tissues. Initially, the sensors performance has been evaluated over a multi-layered breast equivalent phantom comprising skin and fat layers along with tumor. Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) analysis is conducted to assess the variations in the biological tissues of the breast equivalent phantom, distinguishing between healthy and malignant tissues. Also, experimental results reveal that the 14 array sensor provides improved sensitivity, gain, and directional energy delivery, enabling better detection of tumors at varying sizes and depths.","PeriodicalId":55024,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Latin America Transactions","volume":"23 11","pages":"1143-1149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11194761","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-07DOI: 10.1109/TLA.2025.11194767
VenkataKirthiga Murali;Divya Bharathi Raj
The global transition towards electric mobility has significantly increased the demand for efficient and consumer-friendly Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCSs). As electric vehicles (EVs) continue to penetrate transportation systems, optimal integration of EVCSs within power distribution infrastructure becomes critical, not only to ensure seamless user experience but also to maintain the reliability and efficiency of electrical networks. Traditionally, EVCS planning has been carried out solely within the context of Radial Distribution Networks (RDNs), neglecting key consumer-centric factors such as travel comfort and accessibility within the road network (RN). This paper proposes a novel, consumer-aware methodology for optimally placing EVCSs and Distributed Generators (DGs) in a combined RDN-RN framework. The objective is to minimize active power loss, voltage variation, and EV consumer cost, measured through two proposed indices, while accounting for realistic travel behavior and preferences. The proposed approach utilizes a Modified Weighted Teaching Learning Based - Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (MWTLB-PSA) and proceeds in three stages: EVCS site selection based on road network considerations, DG placement using predetermined EVCS locations, and a final stage of simultaneous optimization of both elements. To validate the approach, a standard IEEE 33-bus RDN integrated with a 25-node RN is employed as the test system. Results demonstrate that the joint optimization of DGs and EVCSs via the proposed method significantly enhances network performance and consumer convenience. Notably, the solution achieves a reduced active power loss of 57.75 kW and an EVCCI value of 0.3958, indicating a substantial improvement over existing hybrid TLBO and PSO-based techniques. Furthermore, the proposed method leads to installation cost savings ranging from 2.51% to 18.21% compared to earlier strategies, underscoring its practical value in smart grid planning and deployment.
{"title":"Optimizing Electric Vehicle Charging Stations and Distributed Generators in Smart Grids: A Multi-Objective Meta-Heuristic Approach","authors":"VenkataKirthiga Murali;Divya Bharathi Raj","doi":"10.1109/TLA.2025.11194767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TLA.2025.11194767","url":null,"abstract":"The global transition towards electric mobility has significantly increased the demand for efficient and consumer-friendly Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCSs). As electric vehicles (EVs) continue to penetrate transportation systems, optimal integration of EVCSs within power distribution infrastructure becomes critical, not only to ensure seamless user experience but also to maintain the reliability and efficiency of electrical networks. Traditionally, EVCS planning has been carried out solely within the context of Radial Distribution Networks (RDNs), neglecting key consumer-centric factors such as travel comfort and accessibility within the road network (RN). This paper proposes a novel, consumer-aware methodology for optimally placing EVCSs and Distributed Generators (DGs) in a combined RDN-RN framework. The objective is to minimize active power loss, voltage variation, and EV consumer cost, measured through two proposed indices, while accounting for realistic travel behavior and preferences. The proposed approach utilizes a Modified Weighted Teaching Learning Based - Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (MWTLB-PSA) and proceeds in three stages: EVCS site selection based on road network considerations, DG placement using predetermined EVCS locations, and a final stage of simultaneous optimization of both elements. To validate the approach, a standard IEEE 33-bus RDN integrated with a 25-node RN is employed as the test system. Results demonstrate that the joint optimization of DGs and EVCSs via the proposed method significantly enhances network performance and consumer convenience. Notably, the solution achieves a reduced active power loss of 57.75 kW and an EVCCI value of 0.3958, indicating a substantial improvement over existing hybrid TLBO and PSO-based techniques. Furthermore, the proposed method leads to installation cost savings ranging from 2.51% to 18.21% compared to earlier strategies, underscoring its practical value in smart grid planning and deployment.","PeriodicalId":55024,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Latin America Transactions","volume":"23 11","pages":"1022-1035"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11194767","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-07DOI: 10.1109/TLA.2025.11194764
{"title":"Table of Contents November 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TLA.2025.11194764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TLA.2025.11194764","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55024,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Latin America Transactions","volume":"23 11","pages":"938-939"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11194764","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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