Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.35513/botlit.2022.1.8
I. A. Salihu, A. A. Liman, Muhammad Liman Muhammad, A. A. Gado, M. Salihu, A. S. Mohammed
Anthropogenic activities inducing the accumulation of trace elements in Madaka village (between latitudes 6°00' E and 7°00' E, and 10°00' N and 10°04' N longitudes) of Rafi Local Government Area (Kagara, Niger State, Nigeria) have claimed many lives in the past. This study evaluated the accumulation of heavy metals and minerals in Butryospermum paradoxum and Parkia biglobosa and their soil rhizosphere at the lead polluted site around Madaka village of Rafi Local Government Area (Kagara, Niger State, Nigeria). Lead, arsenic, pH, nitrogen (%), organic carbon (%), organic matter (%), P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, N and cation exchange capacity were determined. Results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between the Pb content in the soil from control (3.13 ± 1.010 mg/kg) and polluted sites (12.71 ± 1.010 mg/kg), and in the seeds of Butryospermum paradoxum from control (3.80 ± 0.09 mg/kg) and polluted sites (13.10 ± 0.10 mg/kg). A significant (p < 0.05) difference was also observed between the Pb content in Parkia biglobosa seeds from the control site (2.50 ± 0.10 mg/kg) and from the polluted site (14.10 ± 1.10 mg/kg). Overall, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in the nutrient contents among all samples analysed. A significantly high concentration of Pb and As in these plants around the lead polluted site poses a great health concern. This calls for the public’s attention, both governmental and non-governmental organisations, to intervene by creating awareness of the likelihood of their bioconcentration in humans and animals that consume these plants.
{"title":"Accumulation of heavy metals and minerals in soil rhizosphere and organs of Parkia biglobosa and Butryospermum paradoxum growing at the lead polluted site in Niger State, Nigeria","authors":"I. A. Salihu, A. A. Liman, Muhammad Liman Muhammad, A. A. Gado, M. Salihu, A. S. Mohammed","doi":"10.35513/botlit.2022.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35513/botlit.2022.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic activities inducing the accumulation of trace elements in Madaka village (between latitudes 6°00' E and 7°00' E, and 10°00' N and 10°04' N longitudes) of Rafi Local Government Area (Kagara, Niger State, Nigeria) have claimed many lives in the past. This study evaluated the accumulation of heavy metals and minerals in Butryospermum paradoxum and Parkia biglobosa and their soil rhizosphere at the lead polluted site around Madaka village of Rafi Local Government Area (Kagara, Niger State, Nigeria). Lead, arsenic, pH, nitrogen (%), organic carbon (%), organic matter (%), P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, N and cation exchange capacity were determined. Results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between the Pb content in the soil from control (3.13 ± 1.010 mg/kg) and polluted sites (12.71 ± 1.010 mg/kg), and in the seeds of Butryospermum paradoxum from control (3.80 ± 0.09 mg/kg) and polluted sites (13.10 ± 0.10 mg/kg). A significant (p < 0.05) difference was also observed between the Pb content in Parkia biglobosa seeds from the control site (2.50 ± 0.10 mg/kg) and from the polluted site (14.10 ± 1.10 mg/kg). Overall, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in the nutrient contents among all samples analysed. A significantly high concentration of Pb and As in these plants around the lead polluted site poses a great health concern. This calls for the public’s attention, both governmental and non-governmental organisations, to intervene by creating awareness of the likelihood of their bioconcentration in humans and animals that consume these plants.","PeriodicalId":55127,"journal":{"name":"GAYANA BOTANICA","volume":"166 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75123049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.35513/botlit.2022.1.3
Z. Gudžinskas
The study’s objective was to overview all Centaureinae species recorded in Lithuania, evaluate the distribution and population state of the newly discovered four alien species and provide information on the residence status, distribution and habitats occupied by all species of the subtribe. The subtribe Centaureinae in Lithuania is now represented by five genera: Centaurea, Leuzea, Psephellus, Serratula and Zoegea. The largest genus in the flora of the country is Centaurea, which includes four native and six alien species. The genus Serratula is represented by one native species, while the genera Leuzea, Psephellus and Zoegea each have one alien species. Tree alien species (an archaeophyte, Centaurea cyanus, and neophytes Centaurea montana and Psephellus dealbatus) are naturalised aliens, whereas Centaurea cheiranthifolia, Centaurea diffusa, Centaurea iberica, Centaurea macrocephala, Leuzea repens and Zoegea crinita are casual aliens. Five species of the subtribe Centaureinae (Centaurea jacea, Centaurea phrygia, Centaurea scabiosa, Centaurea stoebe and Serratula tinctoria) are native to Lithuania. Maps of the distribution of newly discovered alien species in Lithuania are presented.
{"title":"A review of the subtribe Centaureinae (Asteraceae, Cardueae) in Lithuania with information on new alien species","authors":"Z. Gudžinskas","doi":"10.35513/botlit.2022.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35513/botlit.2022.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The study’s objective was to overview all Centaureinae species recorded in Lithuania, evaluate the distribution and population state of the newly discovered four alien species and provide information on the residence status, distribution and habitats occupied by all species of the subtribe. The subtribe Centaureinae in Lithuania is now represented by five genera: Centaurea, Leuzea, Psephellus, Serratula and Zoegea. The largest genus in the flora of the country is Centaurea, which includes four native and six alien species. The genus Serratula is represented by one native species, while the genera Leuzea, Psephellus and Zoegea each have one alien species. Tree alien species (an archaeophyte, Centaurea cyanus, and neophytes Centaurea montana and Psephellus dealbatus) are naturalised aliens, whereas Centaurea cheiranthifolia, Centaurea diffusa, Centaurea iberica, Centaurea macrocephala, Leuzea repens and Zoegea crinita are casual aliens. Five species of the subtribe Centaureinae (Centaurea jacea, Centaurea phrygia, Centaurea scabiosa, Centaurea stoebe and Serratula tinctoria) are native to Lithuania. Maps of the distribution of newly discovered alien species in Lithuania are presented.","PeriodicalId":55127,"journal":{"name":"GAYANA BOTANICA","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90187848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.35513/botlit.2022.1.2
Fatma Nur Koc, Burcu Seckin Dinler
Plants protect themselves by developing defensive responses against various biotic and abiotic stress factors throughout their lives. As a result, they create a stress response called ʻsystemic acquired resistance’ (SAR) under pathogen infection. Pipecolic acid is one of the critical signalling molecules in regulating systemic acquired resistance, and it is a product of L-lysine metabolism in all organisms. It is synthesised not only by plants but also by microorganisms, animals and fungi. Many studies have been carried out to understand pipecolic acid’s biosynthesis, transport and role in plants under biotic stress. But recent studies report that pipecolic acid also functions as a stress response in plants under abiotic stress. This paper reviews the historical development of studies on pipecolic acid, its biosynthesis, and its function in plants under stress conditions and systemic acquired resistance.
{"title":"Pipecolic acid in plants: biosynthesis, signalling, and role under stress","authors":"Fatma Nur Koc, Burcu Seckin Dinler","doi":"10.35513/botlit.2022.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35513/botlit.2022.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Plants protect themselves by developing defensive responses against various biotic and abiotic stress factors throughout their lives. As a result, they create a stress response called ʻsystemic acquired resistance’ (SAR) under pathogen infection. Pipecolic acid is one of the critical signalling molecules in regulating systemic acquired resistance, and it is a product of L-lysine metabolism in all organisms. It is synthesised not only by plants but also by microorganisms, animals and fungi. Many studies have been carried out to understand pipecolic acid’s biosynthesis, transport and role in plants under biotic stress. But recent studies report that pipecolic acid also functions as a stress response in plants under abiotic stress. This paper reviews the historical development of studies on pipecolic acid, its biosynthesis, and its function in plants under stress conditions and systemic acquired resistance.","PeriodicalId":55127,"journal":{"name":"GAYANA BOTANICA","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81819127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.35513/botlit.2022.2.1
S. Mosyakin, R. Blume
The long-forgotten and taxonomically problematic name Camelina armeniaca Desv. is one of the earliest speciesʼ names published in Camelina (Brassicaceae; Cruciferae). Because of that, the issue of its proper taxonomic application was important for the nomenclatural stability of taxa belonging to the C. sativa–C. microcarpa aggregate and containing the important oilseed and biofuel crop C. sativa and its wild relatives and progenitors. The name Camelina armeniaca is lectotypified here with the specimen P00652666 from the Tournefort Herbarium (Herbarium Tournefortianum No. 1634) in P, following the direct reference in the protologue. Judging from the morphological characters of the lectotype, taxonomically, it represents a morphotype of C. sativa sensu lato, probably most closely matching C. caucasica (C. sativa var. caucasica) from a morphological viewpoint. Contrary to the recent listing of C. armeniaca in synonymy (!) of C. microcarpa in several main biodiversity databases (such as GBIF, POWO, etc.), we conclude that C. armeniaca is definitely not conspecific with C. microcarpa. Because of that, nomenclatural conservation of the latter name against the earlier one is unnecessary, as well as a possible proposal to reject the name C. armeniaca. We prefer to treat C. armeniaca as a taxonomic synonym of C. sativa. A corrected typification (lectotypification and epitypification) of the name C. sativa var. caucasica is also provided.
被遗忘已久且在分类学上有问题的名字Camelina armeniaca Desv。是油菜科(Camelina)中最早公布的种名之一;十字花科)。因此，其正确的分类学应用问题对苜蓿属植物分类群的命名稳定性具有重要意义。含有重要的油料和生物燃料作物芥花及其野生近缘种和祖先。在图尔纳福特植物标本馆(Herbarium Tournefortianum No. 1634)的标本P00652666中，根据原始目录中的直接引用，这里对Camelina armeniaca的名称进行了lectotypate。从其形态特征来看，在分类学上，它代表了一种感觉型的形态型，从形态上看，它可能最接近于白种人(C. sativa var. caucasica)。与最近几个主要生物多样性数据库(如GBIF、POWO等)将青姜属(C. armeniaca)列为小叶姜属(C. microcarpa)的同义种(!)相反，我们认为青姜属与小叶姜属(C. microcarpa)绝对不是同种。正因为如此，后者的名称与前者的命名守恒是不必要的，以及可能拒绝C. armeniaca名称的建议。我们更倾向于把亚美尼亚C.作为C. sativa的分类学同义词。还提供了名称C. sativa var. caucasica的正确分型(lectotypation和epittypation)。
{"title":"Taxonomic identity of Camelina armeniaca, a forgotten early name in Camelina (Brassicaceae)","authors":"S. Mosyakin, R. Blume","doi":"10.35513/botlit.2022.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35513/botlit.2022.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The long-forgotten and taxonomically problematic name Camelina armeniaca Desv. is one of the earliest speciesʼ names published in Camelina (Brassicaceae; Cruciferae). Because of that, the issue of its proper taxonomic application was important for the nomenclatural stability of taxa belonging to the C. sativa–C. microcarpa aggregate and containing the important oilseed and biofuel crop C. sativa and its wild relatives and progenitors. The name Camelina armeniaca is lectotypified here with the specimen P00652666 from the Tournefort Herbarium (Herbarium Tournefortianum No. 1634) in P, following the direct reference in the protologue. Judging from the morphological characters of the lectotype, taxonomically, it represents a morphotype of C. sativa sensu lato, probably most closely matching C. caucasica (C. sativa var. caucasica) from a morphological viewpoint. Contrary to the recent listing of C. armeniaca in synonymy (!) of C. microcarpa in several main biodiversity databases (such as GBIF, POWO, etc.), we conclude that C. armeniaca is definitely not conspecific with C. microcarpa. Because of that, nomenclatural conservation of the latter name against the earlier one is unnecessary, as well as a possible proposal to reject the name C. armeniaca. We prefer to treat C. armeniaca as a taxonomic synonym of C. sativa. A corrected typification (lectotypification and epitypification) of the name C. sativa var. caucasica is also provided.","PeriodicalId":55127,"journal":{"name":"GAYANA BOTANICA","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82124056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.35513/botlit.2022.2.3
A. Pliszko
Introducing alien plants for urban horticulture and forestry may lead to their naturalisation and invasion, bringing new challenges to protecting native biodiversity and cultural heritage in urban areas. Many old buildings and monuments are threatened by invasive trees and shrubs, which can damage their structure by physical and physiological root processes and by increasing biomass of above-ground parts. The study aimed to determine the floristic composition and abundance of alien woody plants occurring on the historic retaining walls of the Vistula boulevards in Kraków, southern Poland. A total of 11 alien woody plant species were recorded in 2022, including some invasive species in Poland, such as Acer negundo, Ailanthus altissima, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Juglans regia, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Robinia pseudoacacia and Rosa rugosa. Most of the species showed low abundance (less than 50 individuals) in each of the distinguished age classes (seedling, juvenile and mature individuals), except vines, which in some places occupied relatively large surfaces of the walls (more than 25 m2). Regular control and monitoring of trees and shrubs are recommended to properly protect the retaining walls of the Vistula boulevards in Kraków.
{"title":"Alien woody plants on the retaining walls of the Vistula boulevards in Kraków, southern Poland","authors":"A. Pliszko","doi":"10.35513/botlit.2022.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35513/botlit.2022.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Introducing alien plants for urban horticulture and forestry may lead to their naturalisation and invasion, bringing new challenges to protecting native biodiversity and cultural heritage in urban areas. Many old buildings and monuments are threatened by invasive trees and shrubs, which can damage their structure by physical and physiological root processes and by increasing biomass of above-ground parts. The study aimed to determine the floristic composition and abundance of alien woody plants occurring on the historic retaining walls of the Vistula boulevards in Kraków, southern Poland. A total of 11 alien woody plant species were recorded in 2022, including some invasive species in Poland, such as Acer negundo, Ailanthus altissima, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Juglans regia, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Robinia pseudoacacia and Rosa rugosa. Most of the species showed low abundance (less than 50 individuals) in each of the distinguished age classes (seedling, juvenile and mature individuals), except vines, which in some places occupied relatively large surfaces of the walls (more than 25 m2). Regular control and monitoring of trees and shrubs are recommended to properly protect the retaining walls of the Vistula boulevards in Kraków.","PeriodicalId":55127,"journal":{"name":"GAYANA BOTANICA","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88112696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.35513/botlit.2022.2.6
Muhammad Abba Isah Audu, Y. Idris, Muhammad Liman Muhammad, Olamide Ahmed Falusi1, I. A. Salihu, Catherine Ifeyinwa Okoye
The nutritional attributes of sesame, Sesamum indicum, vary substantially and are primarily influenced by the plant’s genetic makeup. This investigation accessed the biochemical composition of sesame mutants from two generations. Seeds of eleven M3 lines were planted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to raise M4 lines, which were advanced to M5 generation. The seeds were harvested at maturity, and their biochemical compositions were quantitatively determined following standard procedures. Results revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in the biochemical composition of the mutants across the two generations. Exactly 27.27% of the mutants showed a substantial increase in oil composition over their parental varieties at the M4 generation. In comparison, 36.36% of the mutants had higher oil contents than their parental varieties at the M5 generation. The M5 mutants showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher oil content than the M4 mutants. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the protein content of M4 and M5 mutants, with M4 mutants having higher protein content. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in fibre, carbohydrate, energy, and moisture contents of M4 and M5 mutants, with M5 mutants having significantly higher (p < 0.05) carbohydrate and energy contents, while no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in ash content of M4 and M5 mutants. Results also reveal significant differences (p < 0.05) in anti-nutrients of M4 and M5 mutants with notable reductions in some anti-nutritional properties of some mutant lines. High and stable nutritional attributes are desirable traits in sesame breeding. The identified mutants with desirable traits are potential candidates that could be selected and developed as the first mutant varieties of sesame in Nigeria.
{"title":"Biochemical evaluation of mutant genotypes of Sesamum indicum for the development of improved varieties","authors":"Muhammad Abba Isah Audu, Y. Idris, Muhammad Liman Muhammad, Olamide Ahmed Falusi1, I. A. Salihu, Catherine Ifeyinwa Okoye","doi":"10.35513/botlit.2022.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35513/botlit.2022.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"The nutritional attributes of sesame, Sesamum indicum, vary substantially and are primarily influenced by the plant’s genetic makeup. This investigation accessed the biochemical composition of sesame mutants from two generations. Seeds of eleven M3 lines were planted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to raise M4 lines, which were advanced to M5 generation. The seeds were harvested at maturity, and their biochemical compositions were quantitatively determined following standard procedures. Results revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in the biochemical composition of the mutants across the two generations. Exactly 27.27% of the mutants showed a substantial increase in oil composition over their parental varieties at the M4 generation. In comparison, 36.36% of the mutants had higher oil contents than their parental varieties at the M5 generation. The M5 mutants showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher oil content than the M4 mutants. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the protein content of M4 and M5 mutants, with M4 mutants having higher protein content. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in fibre, carbohydrate, energy, and moisture contents of M4 and M5 mutants, with M5 mutants having significantly higher (p < 0.05) carbohydrate and energy contents, while no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in ash content of M4 and M5 mutants. Results also reveal significant differences (p < 0.05) in anti-nutrients of M4 and M5 mutants with notable reductions in some anti-nutritional properties of some mutant lines. High and stable nutritional attributes are desirable traits in sesame breeding. The identified mutants with desirable traits are potential candidates that could be selected and developed as the first mutant varieties of sesame in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":55127,"journal":{"name":"GAYANA BOTANICA","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74391043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.35513/botlit.2022.1.5
Lukas Petrulaitis
Information about the first record of alien species Lotus maritimus L. (Fabaceae) in Lithuania is provided. This species was found in disturbed grassland along the railway line in Panevėžys district (northern part of Central Lithuania), Berčiūnai village in June 2021. It is supposed that seeds of this species have been accidentally introduced with rock material used to maintain railway embankment. Species composition of the habitat in Lotus maritimus locality is presented. The recorded population consists of a large number of generative individuals. This species could also grow in other parts of Lithuania, as the plants produce viable seeds and might spread to new areas. Currently, Lotus maritimus is considered as a casual species in Lithuania; however, it may naturalise locally in the future.
{"title":"Lotus maritimus L. (Fabaceae), alien species new to Lithuania","authors":"Lukas Petrulaitis","doi":"10.35513/botlit.2022.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35513/botlit.2022.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Information about the first record of alien species Lotus maritimus L. (Fabaceae) in Lithuania is provided. This species was found in disturbed grassland along the railway line in Panevėžys district (northern part of Central Lithuania), Berčiūnai village in June 2021. It is supposed that seeds of this species have been accidentally introduced with rock material used to maintain railway embankment. Species composition of the habitat in Lotus maritimus locality is presented. The recorded population consists of a large number of generative individuals. This species could also grow in other parts of Lithuania, as the plants produce viable seeds and might spread to new areas. Currently, Lotus maritimus is considered as a casual species in Lithuania; however, it may naturalise locally in the future.","PeriodicalId":55127,"journal":{"name":"GAYANA BOTANICA","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75874729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.35513/botlit.2022.1.4
O. Mykhailenko, N. Saidov, L. Ivanauskas, V. Georgiyants
Crocus sativus L. (Iridaceae) is the source of saffron, a traditional spice and herbal medicine, usually cultivated in Southwest Asia and the Mediterranean. Saffron is a new niche food and medicinal plant in Ukraine. An important area of production, namely the application of Good Agricultural and Collection Practice (GACP) principles for obtaining high-quality saffron raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry, has been evaluated. The study was conducted on a plantation in Lyubimovka village, Kherson Region in Ukraine, from 2016 to 2021. The research object was Crocus sativus and the quality management system in the cultivation and harvesting of medicinal plants. The Ukrainian legislation on herbal drug production introduced guidelines by the World Health Organization (WHO) ‘Good Agricultural and Collection Practice (GACP) for Starting Materials of Herbal Origin’ in 2012. The Guidelines are recommendatory and not mandatory. However, these principles ensure that appropriate quality herbal raw materials are obtained. Implementing GACP principles with the example of saffron includes a description of the plant, sowing material, primary processing, sowing conditions, transportation and storage, packaging, quality control, and documentation. The presented results reflect the entire production process and show the prospects for obtaining high-quality raw materials. The study suggests the results of implementing the WHO GACP guidelines to guarantee the traceability of herbal raw materials and their reliable quality.
{"title":"Model implementation of the legal regulation on medicinal plant cultivation for pharmaceutical purposes. Case study of Crocus sativus cultivation in Ukraine","authors":"O. Mykhailenko, N. Saidov, L. Ivanauskas, V. Georgiyants","doi":"10.35513/botlit.2022.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35513/botlit.2022.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Crocus sativus L. (Iridaceae) is the source of saffron, a traditional spice and herbal medicine, usually cultivated in Southwest Asia and the Mediterranean. Saffron is a new niche food and medicinal plant in Ukraine. An important area of production, namely the application of Good Agricultural and Collection Practice (GACP) principles for obtaining high-quality saffron raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry, has been evaluated. The study was conducted on a plantation in Lyubimovka village, Kherson Region in Ukraine, from 2016 to 2021. The research object was Crocus sativus and the quality management system in the cultivation and harvesting of medicinal plants. The Ukrainian legislation on herbal drug production introduced guidelines by the World Health Organization (WHO) ‘Good Agricultural and Collection Practice (GACP) for Starting Materials of Herbal Origin’ in 2012. The Guidelines are recommendatory and not mandatory. However, these principles ensure that appropriate quality herbal raw materials are obtained. Implementing GACP principles with the example of saffron includes a description of the plant, sowing material, primary processing, sowing conditions, transportation and storage, packaging, quality control, and documentation. The presented results reflect the entire production process and show the prospects for obtaining high-quality raw materials. The study suggests the results of implementing the WHO GACP guidelines to guarantee the traceability of herbal raw materials and their reliable quality.","PeriodicalId":55127,"journal":{"name":"GAYANA BOTANICA","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83409832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-14DOI: 10.4067/S0717-66432013000200008
L. Bascuñán-Godoy, Claudia Alcaíno, Danny E. Carvajal, C. Sanhueza, S. Montecinos, Antonio Maldonado
Myrceugenia exsucca (DC.) O. Berg (Myrtaceae) y Luma chequen (Molina) A. Gray (Myrtaceae) son dos especies predominantes de los bosques pantanosos en Chile. Estas especies presentan diferente distribucion a traves de un gradiente de humedad y de precipitaciones, siendo L. chequen mas comun que M. exsucca en lugares con menor humedad. En este trabajo se plantea la hipotesis que L. chequen presenta una mayor plasticidad que M. exsucca de los atributos involucrados en fotoproteccion bajo condiciones de sequia. Para comprobar esta hipotesis, individuos de ambas especies fueron expuestos a un tratamiento de sequia. Un grupo de individuos fue mantenido con riego exhibiendo un potencial hidrico () optimo de -0.58 y -0.73 MPa para M. exsucca y L. chequen, respectivamente. Otro grupo fue sometido a sequia, donde el disminuyo a -1.4 MPa ( D) para ambas especies. Se encontro una mayor correlacion entre el contenido relativo de agua (RWC) y para M. exsucca (r2= 0.74) que para L. chequen (r2= 0.46), indicando que M. exsucca experimento una mayor deshidratacion que L. chequen durante el tratamiento. Como atributos de funcionalidad del aparato fotosintetico el nivel de clorofilas y la fluorescencia de la clorofila a fueron estudiados en plantas de ambas especies. Los resultados muestran que L. chequen redujo el contenido total de clorofilas y la eficiencia maxima del PSII (Fv/Fm) relacionado con una disminucion de la captura energetica e incremento significativamente la disipacion termica (qN). Por otro lado, M. exsucca no mostro cambios en estos parametros, pero redujo significativamente el nivel de los procesos fotoquimicos (qL), indicando un desbalance energetico. Los resultados indican que M. exsucca posee una menor plasticidad que L. chequen bajo condiciones de sequia. Se cree que estas diferencias pueden ser cruciales en el periodo de establecimiento y pueden estar influenciando la limitada distribucion de M. exsucca en sitios con menor disponibilidad hidrica.
{"title":"Different photoprotective responses under drought conditions of two predominant Chilean swamp forest species","authors":"L. Bascuñán-Godoy, Claudia Alcaíno, Danny E. Carvajal, C. Sanhueza, S. Montecinos, Antonio Maldonado","doi":"10.4067/S0717-66432013000200008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-66432013000200008","url":null,"abstract":"Myrceugenia exsucca (DC.) O. Berg (Myrtaceae) y Luma chequen (Molina) A. Gray (Myrtaceae) son dos especies predominantes de los bosques pantanosos en Chile. Estas especies presentan diferente distribucion a traves de un gradiente de humedad y de precipitaciones, siendo L. chequen mas comun que M. exsucca en lugares con menor humedad. En este trabajo se plantea la hipotesis que L. chequen presenta una mayor plasticidad que M. exsucca de los atributos involucrados en fotoproteccion bajo condiciones de sequia. Para comprobar esta hipotesis, individuos de ambas especies fueron expuestos a un tratamiento de sequia. Un grupo de individuos fue mantenido con riego exhibiendo un potencial hidrico () optimo de -0.58 y -0.73 MPa para M. exsucca y L. chequen, respectivamente. Otro grupo fue sometido a sequia, donde el disminuyo a -1.4 MPa ( D) para ambas especies. Se encontro una mayor correlacion entre el contenido relativo de agua (RWC) y para M. exsucca (r2= 0.74) que para L. chequen (r2= 0.46), indicando que M. exsucca experimento una mayor deshidratacion que L. chequen durante el tratamiento. Como atributos de funcionalidad del aparato fotosintetico el nivel de clorofilas y la fluorescencia de la clorofila a fueron estudiados en plantas de ambas especies. Los resultados muestran que L. chequen redujo el contenido total de clorofilas y la eficiencia maxima del PSII (Fv/Fm) relacionado con una disminucion de la captura energetica e incremento significativamente la disipacion termica (qN). Por otro lado, M. exsucca no mostro cambios en estos parametros, pero redujo significativamente el nivel de los procesos fotoquimicos (qL), indicando un desbalance energetico. Los resultados indican que M. exsucca posee una menor plasticidad que L. chequen bajo condiciones de sequia. Se cree que estas diferencias pueden ser cruciales en el periodo de establecimiento y pueden estar influenciando la limitada distribucion de M. exsucca en sitios con menor disponibilidad hidrica.","PeriodicalId":55127,"journal":{"name":"GAYANA BOTANICA","volume":"24 1","pages":"267-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86715249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35513/botlit.2021.1.2
G. Ievinsh, Kristīne K. Lejniece
Wind-driven sand movement leading to sand burial is an essential environmental factor in coastal sand dunes; therefore, plants native to sand dunes need to possess specific adaptations. The present study aimed to compare responses to variable sand burial intensity of Tragopogon heterospermus, rare plant species native to coastal dunes, and Tragopogon pratensis taxonomically related grassland species. Plants in culture were established from seeds collected in natural habitats, cultivated in an automated greenhouse, and individuals of different age were buried by sand in the different depths. Both plants had basic sand burial tolerance, seen as an elongation of adult plants’ leaf bases under moderate sand burial conditions. However, only dune-adapted T. heterospermus plants exhibited efficient resource allocation from roots to shoots with increased sand accretion intensity. T. heterospermus plants had pronounced age dependence of burial tolerance, with higher sensitivity to sand burial at an earlier stage due to small shoot height and, possibly, certain physiological factors.
{"title":"Comparison of sand burial-dependent growth responses of two Tragopogon species from different habitats","authors":"G. Ievinsh, Kristīne K. Lejniece","doi":"10.35513/botlit.2021.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35513/botlit.2021.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Wind-driven sand movement leading to sand burial is an essential environmental factor in coastal sand dunes; therefore, plants native to sand dunes need to possess specific adaptations. The present study aimed to compare responses to variable sand burial intensity of Tragopogon heterospermus, rare plant species native to coastal dunes, and Tragopogon pratensis taxonomically related grassland species. Plants in culture were established from seeds collected in natural habitats, cultivated in an automated greenhouse, and individuals of different age were buried by sand in the different depths. Both plants had basic sand burial tolerance, seen as an elongation of adult plants’ leaf bases under moderate sand burial conditions. However, only dune-adapted T. heterospermus plants exhibited efficient resource allocation from roots to shoots with increased sand accretion intensity. T. heterospermus plants had pronounced age dependence of burial tolerance, with higher sensitivity to sand burial at an earlier stage due to small shoot height and, possibly, certain physiological factors.","PeriodicalId":55127,"journal":{"name":"GAYANA BOTANICA","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80322855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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