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Pricing American options with exogenous and endogenous transaction costs 考虑外生和内生交易成本的美式期权定价
IF 2.5 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.camwa.2025.09.008
Dong Yan , Xin-Jie Huang , Guiyuan Ma , Xin-Jiang He
We study an American option pricing problem with liquidity risks and transaction fees. As endogenous transaction costs, liquidity risks of the underlying asset are modeled by a mean-reverting process. Transaction fees are exogenous transaction costs and are assumed to be proportional to the trading amount, with the long-run liquidity level depending on the proportional transaction costs rate. Two nonlinear partial differential equations are established to characterize the option values for the holder and the writer, respectively. To illustrate the impact of these transaction costs on option prices and optimal exercise prices, we apply the alternating direction implicit method to solve the linear complementarity problem numerically. Finally, we conduct model calibration from market data via maximum likelihood estimation, and find that our model incorporating liquidity risks outperforms the Leland model significantly.
研究了一个包含流动性风险和交易费用的美式期权定价问题。作为内生交易成本,标的资产的流动性风险采用均值回归过程建模。交易费用是外生交易成本,假设与交易金额成正比,长期流动性水平取决于比例交易成本率。分别建立了两个非线性偏微分方程来表征期权持有者和期权持有者的期权值。为了说明这些交易费用对期权价格和最优行权价格的影响,我们应用交替方向隐式方法对线性互补问题进行了数值求解。最后,我们通过最大似然估计对市场数据进行模型校准,发现我们的纳入流动性风险的模型明显优于Leland模型。
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引用次数: 0
A space-time discontinuous Petrov-Galerkin finite element formulation for a modified Schrödinger equation for laser pulse propagation in waveguides 激光脉冲在波导中传播的修正Schrödinger方程的时空不连续Petrov-Galerkin有限元公式
IF 2.5 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.camwa.2025.09.004
A. Chakraborty , J. Muñoz-Matute , L. Demkowicz , J. Grosek
In this article, we propose a modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation for modeling pulse propagation in optical waveguides. The proposed model bifurcates into a system of elliptic and hyperbolic equations depending on waveguide parameters. The proposed model leads to a stable first-order system of equations, distinguishing itself from the canonical nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We have employed the space-time discontinuous Petrov-Galerkin finite element method to discretize the first-order system of equations. We present a stability analysis for both the elliptic and hyperbolic systems of equations and demonstrate the stability of the proposed model through several numerical examples on space-time meshes.
在本文中,我们提出了一个修正的非线性Schrödinger方程来模拟脉冲在光波导中的传播。根据波导参数的不同,该模型可分为椭圆方程和双曲方程系统。提出的模型导致一个稳定的一阶方程组,区别于正则非线性Schrödinger方程。采用时空不连续的Petrov-Galerkin有限元方法对一阶方程组进行离散化。给出了椭圆型和双曲型方程系统的稳定性分析,并通过若干时空网格上的数值算例证明了所提模型的稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
Convergence analysis of an energy-stable linearized virtual element method for the strongly damped Klein-Gordon equation 强阻尼Klein-Gordon方程能量稳定线性化虚元法的收敛性分析
IF 2.5 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.camwa.2025.09.002
Zhixin Liu , Minghui Song , Yuhang Zhang
In this paper, we propose and analyze an efficient, linearized, fully discrete scheme for the nonlinear, strongly damped Klein-Gordon equation on polygonal meshes. The numerical scheme uses a conforming virtual element method for spatial discretization and a modified leapfrog (central finite difference) scheme for time discretization, with the nonlinear term |u|p1u is treated semi-implicitly. We first prove that the proposed scheme is energy dissipative in the sense of discrete energy, and then the stability of the numerical solution in the H1-norm is established using mathematical induction, which plays an important role in handling the nonlinear term. By applying the boundedness of the numerical solution and the Sobolev embedding inequality, we derive the optimal H1 error estimate of order O(hk+τ2) without imposing any ratio restrictions between the time step τ and the mesh size h. Additionally, we remark that the leapfrog virtual element scheme can be applied to some more complex nonlinear damped wave equations. Finally, some numerical examples are provided to confirm the theoretical results.
本文提出并分析了多边形网格上非线性强阻尼Klein-Gordon方程的一种有效的、线性化的、完全离散格式。数值格式采用一致性虚元法进行空间离散,采用改进的跳越(中心有限差分)格式进行时间离散,并对非线性项| ~ |p ~ 1u进行半隐式处理。首先证明了所提格式在离散能量意义上是能量耗散的,然后利用数学归纳法建立了数值解在h1范数下的稳定性,这对非线性项的处理起着重要作用。通过应用数值解的有界性和Sobolev嵌入不等式,我们得到了O阶(hk+τ2)的最优H1误差估计,而不需要在时间步长τ和网格尺寸h之间施加任何比例限制。此外,我们注意到跳跃虚元格式可以应用于一些更复杂的非线性阻尼波方程。最后通过数值算例对理论结果进行了验证。
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引用次数: 0
Regular boundary element method for composite shear deformable plate and shell 复合剪切变形板壳的规则边界元法
IF 2.5 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.camwa.2025.09.016
W. Huang, X.B. Yan, J.X. Liao, L.K. Feng, P.H. Wen
This paper presents a fundamental solution for a double-curvature simply supported shell, incorporating three concentrated forces and two bending moments. It introduces the reference domain concept and formulates fictitious load boundary integral equations using both constant and linear elements. These equations are developed in the Laplace transform domain for both static and dynamic problems. The key contribution of this study is the development of the Regular Boundary Element Method (RBEM) based on the new fundamental solution. The reference domain includes the real structure’s configuration, and a system of linear equations is established with fictitious forces and moments as unknowns. These equations are derived from traction and displacement boundary conditions. To obtain all physical values in the time domain, the Durbin’s Laplace inverse technique is applied. The accuracy and reliability of the proposed method are evaluated through four numerical examples, with results compared against exact solutions or the finite element method.
本文给出了包含三个集中力和两个弯矩的双曲率简支壳的基本解。引入参考域的概念,利用常元和线性元建立了虚拟荷载边界积分方程。这些方程在拉普拉斯变换域中分别用于静态和动态问题。本研究的主要贡献是在新基本解的基础上发展了规则边界元法。参考域包括实际结构的构型,并以虚拟的力和力矩为未知量建立线性方程组。这些方程由牵引力和位移边界条件导出。为了在时域中获得所有的物理值,应用了Durbin 's Laplace逆技术。通过4个算例对所提方法的精度和可靠性进行了评价,并将结果与精确解或有限元法进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
Source point selection in the MFS using orthogonal matching pursuit: Two-dimensional elastic wave scattering by a rectangular cavity 正交匹配追踪MFS中的源点选择:矩形腔体的二维弹性波散射
IF 2.5 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.camwa.2025.09.003
Akira Furukawa
In this paper, we apply orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) to the source point selection in the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) and discuss its effectiveness. The proposed method initially places an excess number of source points relative to the collocation points within the complementary domain of the analysis region and then selects the source points that efficiently reduce the residual of the system of equations. We apply the proposed method to two-dimensional elastic wave scattering by a rectangular cavity, a well-known challenging problem in MFS analysis. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method by comparing its performance with the conventional MFS using truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD). The proposed method provides solutions that more accurately satisfy the traction-free boundary conditions compared to the conventional method, indicating its potential advantages.
本文将正交匹配追踪(OMP)应用于基本解方法中的源点选择,并讨论了其有效性。该方法首先在分析区域的互补域中放置相对于搭配点的多余数量的源点,然后选择有效减少方程组残差的源点。我们将该方法应用于二维弹性波在矩形空腔中的散射,这是MFS分析中一个众所周知的难题。通过与基于截断奇异值分解(TSVD)的MFS算法的性能比较,验证了该方法的有效性。与传统方法相比,该方法提供了更精确地满足无牵引力边界条件的解,显示了其潜在的优势。
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引用次数: 0
A posteriori error estimate of the discontinuous Galerkin method with Lagrange multiplier for elliptic problems 椭圆型问题的带拉格朗日乘子的间断伽辽金方法的后验误差估计
IF 2.5 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.camwa.2025.09.005
Mi-Young Kim
This study aims to derive and analyze an a posteriori error estimator for the solution of the discontinuous Galerkin method with Lagrange multiplier (DGLM) for the elliptic problems with nonhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition u=g for g in H1/2(Ω). A general version of the DGLM method is derived. Strong stability of the solution of the DGLM method is proved. Edgewise iterative scheme for the general DGLM method is described.
针对H1/2(∂Ω)中具有非齐次Dirichlet边界条件u=g的椭圆型问题,推导并分析了带拉格朗日乘子的不连续Galerkin方法(DGLM)解的后验误差估计。导出了DGLM方法的通用版本。证明了DGLM方法解具有较强的稳定性。介绍了一般DGLM方法的边缘迭代格式。
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引用次数: 0
Stability and convergence analysis of mixed finite element approximations for a Biot-Brinkman model Biot-Brinkman模型混合有限元近似的稳定性和收敛性分析
IF 2.5 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.camwa.2025.09.006
Wenlong He , Jiwei Zhang
Many multiphysics processes of fluid-solid interaction within a porous medium can be described by the Biot-Brinkman model to account for the effects of viscosity in fluid flow. By introducing the auxiliary variables, we can transform the original problem into two generalized Stokes equations. The generalized Stokes equations incorporate a built-in mechanism to circumvent the Poisson locking for the continuous Galerkin method. Subsequently, we establish an energy law and provide a priori estimates for the reformulated problem. Well-posedness is demonstrated using the standard Galerkin method in conjunction with a compactness argument. After that, we develop stable mixed finite element algorithms for the reformulated problem. Influenced by Lamé constant λ, we design three finite element pairs for the proposed algorithms and present the corresponding error estimates. Numerical tests are conducted to validate the theoretical results.
多孔介质中流固相互作用的许多多物理场过程可以用Biot-Brinkman模型来描述,以解释流体流动中粘度的影响。通过引入辅助变量,可以将原问题转化为两个广义Stokes方程。广义Stokes方程包含了一个内置机制来规避连续伽辽金方法的泊松锁定。随后,我们建立了能量定律,并为重新表述的问题提供了先验估计。利用标准伽辽金方法结合紧性论证论证了适位性。在此基础上,我们开发了稳定的混合有限元算法。受lam常数λ的影响,我们设计了三个有限元对,并给出了相应的误差估计。通过数值试验验证了理论结果。
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引用次数: 0
A DOFs condensation based algorithm for solving saddle point systems in 2D contact computation 二维接触计算中基于自由度凝聚的鞍点方程组求解算法
IF 2.5 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.camwa.2025.08.032
Xiaoyu Duan , Zihan Wang , Hengbin An , Zeyao Mo
In contact mechanics computation, the constraint conditions on the contact surfaces are typically enforced by the Lagrange multiplier method, resulting in a saddle point system. The mortar finite element method is usually employed to discretize the variational form on the meshed contact surfaces, yielding a large-scale discretized saddle point system. Due to the indefiniteness of the discretized system, it is a challenge to solve the saddle point algebraic system. For two-dimensional tied contact problem, we develop an efficient algorithm based on degree-of-freedom (DOF) condensation. In this approach, a DOFs elimination process is first performed by exploiting the tridiagonal structure of the mortar matrix. The reduced linear system, now smaller in scale and symmetric positive definite (SPD), is then solved using the preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) method. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.
在接触力学计算中,接触面上的约束条件通常采用拉格朗日乘子法,产生鞍点系统。通常采用砂浆有限元法对网格接触面上的变分形式进行离散化,得到一个大规模的离散化鞍点系统。由于离散系统的不确定性,求解鞍点代数系统是一个挑战。对于二维束缚接触问题,我们提出了一种基于自由度凝聚的有效算法。在这种方法中,首先通过利用砂浆基体的三对角线结构进行自由度消除过程。然后,利用预条件共轭梯度法求解简化后的线性系统,得到了更小的对称正定系统。数值结果验证了该算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Physics-informed neural network for option pricing weather derivatives model 天气衍生品期权定价模型的物理信息神经网络
IF 2.5 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.camwa.2025.09.001
Saurabh Bansal , Pradanya Boro , Srinivasan Natesan
Weather derivatives are financial tools that use a weather index as the underlying asset to provide protection against non-catastrophic weather events. In this article, we propose a physics-informed neural network (PINN) approach for pricing weather derivatives associated with two standard processes: the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process and the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with jump-diffusions. PINNs are a scientific machine learning method specifically designed to address problems related to partial differential equations (PDEs).
To apply the PINN technique for jump-diffusion, we convert the partial integro-differential equation into a PDE using integral discretization. We randomly select training data points within the domain and utilize the transformed PDE along with the initial and boundary conditions to construct the loss function. For the neurons in the hidden layer, we employ the hyperbolic tangent function (tanh) as the activation function. The weights of the network connection are optimized using the L-BFGS algorithm.
We will conduct numerical experiments to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed technique. Additionally, we compare our method with conventional numerical approaches to show that our technique serves as an effective alternative to existing pricing methods for weather derivatives. Finally, we will examine a real-world case study where the model's parameters are determined using precipitation data.
天气衍生工具是一种金融工具,它使用天气指数作为基础资产,为非灾难性天气事件提供保护。在本文中,我们提出了一种物理信息神经网络(PINN)方法来定价与两个标准过程相关的天气衍生品:Ornstein-Uhlenbeck过程和带有跳跃扩散的Ornstein-Uhlenbeck过程。pinn是一种科学的机器学习方法,专门用于解决与偏微分方程(PDEs)相关的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Two-point stress approximation: A simple and robust finite volume method for linearized (poro-)elasticity and Stokes flow 两点应力近似:线性化(孔隙)弹性和斯托克斯流的一种简单而稳健的有限体积方法
IF 2.5 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.camwa.2025.07.035
Jan Martin Nordbotten , Eirik Keilegavlen
In this paper, we construct a simple and robust two-point finite volume discretization applicable to isotropic linearized elasticity, valid also in the incompressible Stokes’ limit. The discretization is based only on co-located, cell-centered variables, and has a minimal discretization stencil, using only the two neighboring cells to a face to calculate numerical stresses and fluxes. The discretization naturally couples to finite volume discretizations of flow, providing a stable discretization of poroelasticity.
We show well-posedness of a weak statement of the continuous formulation in appropriate Hilbert spaces, and identify the appropriate weighted norms for the problem. For the discrete approximations, we prove stability and convergence, both of which are robust in terms of the material parameters. Numerical experiments in 3D support the theoretical results, and provide additional insight into the practical performance of the discretization.
本文构造了一个简单的、鲁棒的两点有限体积离散方法,适用于各向同性线性化弹性,也适用于不可压缩Stokes极限。离散化仅基于共存的、以单元为中心的变量,并且具有最小的离散化模板,仅使用两个相邻的单元到一个面来计算数值应力和通量。离散化与有限体积流动离散化自然耦合,提供了稳定的孔隙弹性离散化。我们在适当的Hilbert空间中证明了连续公式的弱表述的适定性,并确定了该问题的适当加权范数。对于离散逼近,我们证明了稳定性和收敛性,两者在材料参数方面都是鲁棒的。三维数值实验支持理论结果,并为离散化的实际性能提供了额外的见解。
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引用次数: 0
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Computers & Mathematics with Applications
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