Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-07-28DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14422
Siobhan Manners, William Morgan, Nigel Morlet, Lynn Meuleners, Wei Liu, Hector Morlet, Jonathon Q Ng
Background: Computerised static visual field testing using dedicated machines such as the Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA) can assess and track changes in visual field sensitivity. The use of retrospective visual field databases is a novel undertaking, with no studies published utilising large scale population-level data. This study phase developed a method to extract HFA data into a large standardised population-based database including point sensitivity data with additional derived variables.
Methods: Retrospective, longitudinal, population study of visual field data from people who attended an ophthalmology service and had a HFA field test, in Western Australia, between 1988 and 2022. Raw test data included patient demographic fields, sensitivity readings and test parameters. Calculated fields included reliability scores, and a novel combined reliability score.
Results: There were 606 230 tests for 92 215 study individuals, from 22 ophthalmology practices in metropolitan Perth and three public hospital eye clinics, representing around 85% of the field tests performed by ophthalmologists each year. Raw sensitivity values were available for all tests, and additional descriptors were available for most tests (97.5%-100% of tests) with the exception of data variables retired by the manufacturer.
Conclusions: Visual field data from 606 230 tests were collated into a single dataset, which is highly representative over a long period of time, for a defined population. This dataset has been linked to other administrative datasets to allow for epidemiological investigation of field of vision disorders.
{"title":"Epidemiology of Field of Vision Disorders (eFOVID) study, Western Australia, 1988-2022. Report 1: Data collection and aggregation protocol.","authors":"Siobhan Manners, William Morgan, Nigel Morlet, Lynn Meuleners, Wei Liu, Hector Morlet, Jonathon Q Ng","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14422","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ceo.14422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Computerised static visual field testing using dedicated machines such as the Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA) can assess and track changes in visual field sensitivity. The use of retrospective visual field databases is a novel undertaking, with no studies published utilising large scale population-level data. This study phase developed a method to extract HFA data into a large standardised population-based database including point sensitivity data with additional derived variables.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective, longitudinal, population study of visual field data from people who attended an ophthalmology service and had a HFA field test, in Western Australia, between 1988 and 2022. Raw test data included patient demographic fields, sensitivity readings and test parameters. Calculated fields included reliability scores, and a novel combined reliability score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 606 230 tests for 92 215 study individuals, from 22 ophthalmology practices in metropolitan Perth and three public hospital eye clinics, representing around 85% of the field tests performed by ophthalmologists each year. Raw sensitivity values were available for all tests, and additional descriptors were available for most tests (97.5%-100% of tests) with the exception of data variables retired by the manufacturer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Visual field data from 606 230 tests were collated into a single dataset, which is highly representative over a long period of time, for a defined population. This dataset has been linked to other administrative datasets to allow for epidemiological investigation of field of vision disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141789875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14429
Jane S Lim, Nathalie P Y Chiam, Melissa H Y Wong, Soon-Phaik Chee
{"title":"Iris-sutured intraocular lenses and their long-term outcomes.","authors":"Jane S Lim, Nathalie P Y Chiam, Melissa H Y Wong, Soon-Phaik Chee","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14429","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ceo.14429","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-07-24DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14424
Lindsay A McGrath, Sunil K Warrier, William J Glasson, Matthew G D'Mellow, Hayley R Hamilton, Jane M Palmer, Kelly M Brooks, Peter A Johansson, Nicholas K Hayward
Background: To report the clinicopathological features and epidemiology of iris melanoma in Queensland, Australia.
Methods: This was a retrospective study of 86 patients with iris melanoma treated between 2001 and 2022 at the Queensland Ocular Oncology Service, Brisbane, Australia. Main outcome measures included demographics, clinical and phenotypic features, age-adjusted incidence and relative survival.
Results: Eighty-six patients (63% female) were included. Mean age was 54 years (range 17-82 years). The majority of patients (97%) were Caucasian, with blue eyes, fair skin and Fitzpatrick Skin Type I or II. Demographic features and clinical history showed a tendency for high ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure in the cohort. Histopathology was available in 69 cases (82%), and of these, 77% tumours were of spindle cell origin, with low-risk genetic profiles. Patients were followed for a mean of 8 years (median 7, range 1-21 years) after diagnosis, and only one case of metastasis was documented.
Conclusions: The association of iris freckles, history of UVR exposure and dermatologic findings supports the role of UVR in iris melanoma. Occupation and avocation history, as well as evaluation of iris freckles may offer an easily accessible way of stratifying the risk of an individual for development of UVR-related uveal melanoma.
背景:报告澳大利亚昆士兰州虹膜黑色素瘤的临床病理特征和流行病学:报告澳大利亚昆士兰州虹膜黑色素瘤的临床病理特征和流行病学:这是一项回顾性研究,研究对象是2001年至2022年期间在澳大利亚布里斯班昆士兰眼肿瘤学服务机构接受治疗的86名虹膜黑色素瘤患者。主要结果指标包括人口统计学、临床和表型特征、年龄调整后发病率和相对生存率:共纳入 86 名患者(63% 为女性)。平均年龄为 54 岁(17-82 岁不等)。大多数患者(97%)为白种人,蓝眼睛,皮肤白皙,菲茨帕特里克皮肤类型 I 型或 II 型。人口统计学特征和临床病史显示,该组患者有紫外线辐射(UVR)暴露较高的倾向。69例患者(82%)获得了组织病理学检查结果,其中77%的肿瘤为纺锤形细胞来源,遗传特征风险较低。患者在确诊后平均随访了8年(中位数为7年,范围为1-21年),仅有一例转移病例记录在案:结论:虹膜雀斑、紫外线照射史和皮肤病学检查结果都支持紫外线照射在虹膜黑色素瘤中的作用。职业和职业史以及对虹膜雀斑的评估可提供一种简便易行的方法,用于对个人罹患紫外线相关葡萄膜黑色素瘤的风险进行分层。
{"title":"Iris melanoma in an Australian cohort.","authors":"Lindsay A McGrath, Sunil K Warrier, William J Glasson, Matthew G D'Mellow, Hayley R Hamilton, Jane M Palmer, Kelly M Brooks, Peter A Johansson, Nicholas K Hayward","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14424","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ceo.14424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To report the clinicopathological features and epidemiology of iris melanoma in Queensland, Australia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study of 86 patients with iris melanoma treated between 2001 and 2022 at the Queensland Ocular Oncology Service, Brisbane, Australia. Main outcome measures included demographics, clinical and phenotypic features, age-adjusted incidence and relative survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-six patients (63% female) were included. Mean age was 54 years (range 17-82 years). The majority of patients (97%) were Caucasian, with blue eyes, fair skin and Fitzpatrick Skin Type I or II. Demographic features and clinical history showed a tendency for high ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure in the cohort. Histopathology was available in 69 cases (82%), and of these, 77% tumours were of spindle cell origin, with low-risk genetic profiles. Patients were followed for a mean of 8 years (median 7, range 1-21 years) after diagnosis, and only one case of metastasis was documented.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The association of iris freckles, history of UVR exposure and dermatologic findings supports the role of UVR in iris melanoma. Occupation and avocation history, as well as evaluation of iris freckles may offer an easily accessible way of stratifying the risk of an individual for development of UVR-related uveal melanoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mark B Beecher, Carmelo Macri, Pravin Hissaria, Weng Onn Chan
{"title":"Unnecessary duplication of human leukocyte antigen testing for uveitis in an Australian tertiary hospital.","authors":"Mark B Beecher, Carmelo Macri, Pravin Hissaria, Weng Onn Chan","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ceo.14459","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shi-Nan Wu, Xiao-Dong Chen, Dan Yan, Yu-Qian Wang, Shao-Pan Wang, Wen-Ying Guan, Caihong Huang, Jiaoyue Hu, Zuguo Liu
Background: This study aims to assess the risk of drug-associated glaucoma and track its epidemiological characteristics using real-world data.
Methods: Adverse event reports from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from January 2004 to December 2023 were analysed. Disproportionality analysis and the Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network algorithm were used. The study classified drugs associated with glaucoma, assessed risk levels, and compared drug-induced times across different categories.
Results: Eight hundred and five drugs were linked to glaucoma in the FAERS database. Disproportionality analysis identified 46 drugs with significant risk, mainly adrenergic medications (clobetasol propionate, fluocinolone acetonide), antihypertensives (hydrochlorothiazide), insulin (insulin human), anticholinergics (umeclidinium, darifenacin), VEGF inhibitors (brolucizumab, faricimab), and psychotropics (topiramate, ziprasidone). The top three high-risk drugs were clobetasol propionate, umeclidinium, and fluocinolone acetonide. The shortest drug-induced times were observed with indacaterol, salmeterol, and umeclidinium. Anticholinergic medications had the shortest drug-induced time among all categories. Females (62.5%) and the elderly (average age 63.5 ± 16.8 years) were predominantly affected. Reports of drug-associated glaucoma increased over the years.
Conclusion: Preventing drug-associated glaucoma is more effective than treatment. Identifying the risk and drug-induced times of systemic and ophthalmic drugs can reduce occurrence risk. Clinical practitioners should be vigilant and inform patients of these risks.
{"title":"Drug-associated glaucoma: A real-world study based on the Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system database.","authors":"Shi-Nan Wu, Xiao-Dong Chen, Dan Yan, Yu-Qian Wang, Shao-Pan Wang, Wen-Ying Guan, Caihong Huang, Jiaoyue Hu, Zuguo Liu","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ceo.14454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to assess the risk of drug-associated glaucoma and track its epidemiological characteristics using real-world data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adverse event reports from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from January 2004 to December 2023 were analysed. Disproportionality analysis and the Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network algorithm were used. The study classified drugs associated with glaucoma, assessed risk levels, and compared drug-induced times across different categories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight hundred and five drugs were linked to glaucoma in the FAERS database. Disproportionality analysis identified 46 drugs with significant risk, mainly adrenergic medications (clobetasol propionate, fluocinolone acetonide), antihypertensives (hydrochlorothiazide), insulin (insulin human), anticholinergics (umeclidinium, darifenacin), VEGF inhibitors (brolucizumab, faricimab), and psychotropics (topiramate, ziprasidone). The top three high-risk drugs were clobetasol propionate, umeclidinium, and fluocinolone acetonide. The shortest drug-induced times were observed with indacaterol, salmeterol, and umeclidinium. Anticholinergic medications had the shortest drug-induced time among all categories. Females (62.5%) and the elderly (average age 63.5 ± 16.8 years) were predominantly affected. Reports of drug-associated glaucoma increased over the years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preventing drug-associated glaucoma is more effective than treatment. Identifying the risk and drug-induced times of systemic and ophthalmic drugs can reduce occurrence risk. Clinical practitioners should be vigilant and inform patients of these risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zachary McPherson, Deepali Thosar, Amie Donnelly, Nadine Shaw, Julia Starte, Michael Jones, Shefali Jani
Background: Paediatric periorbital cellulitis, a common eye condition, typically requires inpatient admission for intravenous antibiotics due to concerns about orbital spread. This study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of ambulatory management for children with moderate periorbital cellulitis.
Methods: Over a 24-month period, we prospectively enrolled 84 children aged 1 to 16 years who presented with moderate periorbital cellulitis to the emergency department. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Following a guideline-based decision tree, eligible children received intravenous antibiotics and were discharged with a peripheral cannula for follow-up in ambulatory care and ophthalmology clinics. Descriptive statistics were used for data presentation.
Results: Among the 84 children, 62 (73.8%) were managed through the ambulatory care model. Within the category of moderate POC, those who were admitted to the hospital did not have higher CRP or White Cell counts and received IV antibiotics for the same length of time. The ambulatory care clinic provided a total of 132 daily doses of intravenous antibiotics. Two children treated on this pathway required inpatient admission due to clinical deterioration, one of whom required ophthalmic surgical intervention. There was no mortality or sight-threatening complications in this study.
Conclusions: Implementing a directed ambulatory care pathway for children with moderate periorbital cellulitis proved to be an effective and safe management strategy. This approach reduces the strain on hospital bed occupancy while promoting community-based patient care.
{"title":"Evaluation of moderate periorbital cellulitis and home-based therapy in children (EPOCH study, Part 2): A prospective single centre cohort study.","authors":"Zachary McPherson, Deepali Thosar, Amie Donnelly, Nadine Shaw, Julia Starte, Michael Jones, Shefali Jani","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ceo.14455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paediatric periorbital cellulitis, a common eye condition, typically requires inpatient admission for intravenous antibiotics due to concerns about orbital spread. This study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of ambulatory management for children with moderate periorbital cellulitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Over a 24-month period, we prospectively enrolled 84 children aged 1 to 16 years who presented with moderate periorbital cellulitis to the emergency department. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Following a guideline-based decision tree, eligible children received intravenous antibiotics and were discharged with a peripheral cannula for follow-up in ambulatory care and ophthalmology clinics. Descriptive statistics were used for data presentation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 84 children, 62 (73.8%) were managed through the ambulatory care model. Within the category of moderate POC, those who were admitted to the hospital did not have higher CRP or White Cell counts and received IV antibiotics for the same length of time. The ambulatory care clinic provided a total of 132 daily doses of intravenous antibiotics. Two children treated on this pathway required inpatient admission due to clinical deterioration, one of whom required ophthalmic surgical intervention. There was no mortality or sight-threatening complications in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Implementing a directed ambulatory care pathway for children with moderate periorbital cellulitis proved to be an effective and safe management strategy. This approach reduces the strain on hospital bed occupancy while promoting community-based patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of intraocular pressure and anterior segment parameters in subjects with asymmetrical primary angle closure disease: Comment.","authors":"Liang Guo, Na Wang, Lu Yang","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ceo.14452","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of ChatGPT-4 responses to glaucoma patients' questions: Can artificial intelligence become a trusted advisor between doctor and patient?","authors":"Muzaffer Said Güler, Elif Ertan Baydemir","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ceo.14451","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of intraocular pressure and anterior segment parameters in subjects with asymmetrical primary angle closure disease: Response.","authors":"Shayne S Tan, Tin A Tun, Monisha E Nongpiur","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ceo.14453","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Achim Langenbucher, Nóra Szentmáry, Alan Cayless, David Cooke, Peter Hoffmann, Jascha Wendelstein
Background: The purpose of this study was to simulate the impact of biometric measure uncertainties, lens equivalent and toric power labelling tolerances and axis alignment errors on the refractive outcome after cataract surgery with toric lens implantation.
Methods: In this retrospective non-randomised cross sectional Monte-Carlo simulation study we evaluated a dataset containing 7458 LenStar 900 preoperative biometric measurements. The biometric uncertainties from literature, lens power labelling according to ISO 11979, and axis alignment tolerances of a modern toric lens (Hoya Vivinex) were taken to be normally distributed and used in a Monte-Carlo simulation with 100 000 samples per eye. The target variable was the defocus equivalent (DEQ) derived using the Castrop (DEQC) and the Haigis (DEQH) formulae.
Results: Mean/median / 90% quantile DEQC was 0.22/0.21/0.36 D and DEQH was 0.20/0.19/0.32 D. Ignoring the variation in lens power labelling and toric axis alignment the respective DEQC was 0.20/0.19/0.32 D and DEQH was 0.18/0.17/0.29 D. DEQC and DEQH increased with shorter eyes, steeper corneas, equivalent lens power and highly with toric lens power.
Conclusions: According to our simulation results, uncertainties in biometric measures, lens power labelling tolerances, and axis alignment errors are responsible for a significant part of the refraction prediction error after cataract surgery with toric lens implantation. Additional labelling of the exact equivalent and toric power on the lens package could be a step to improve postoperative results.
{"title":"Prediction of refraction error after toric lens implantation with biometric input data uncertainties and power labelling tolerances.","authors":"Achim Langenbucher, Nóra Szentmáry, Alan Cayless, David Cooke, Peter Hoffmann, Jascha Wendelstein","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ceo.14449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study was to simulate the impact of biometric measure uncertainties, lens equivalent and toric power labelling tolerances and axis alignment errors on the refractive outcome after cataract surgery with toric lens implantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective non-randomised cross sectional Monte-Carlo simulation study we evaluated a dataset containing 7458 LenStar 900 preoperative biometric measurements. The biometric uncertainties from literature, lens power labelling according to ISO 11979, and axis alignment tolerances of a modern toric lens (Hoya Vivinex) were taken to be normally distributed and used in a Monte-Carlo simulation with 100 000 samples per eye. The target variable was the defocus equivalent (DEQ) derived using the Castrop (DEQ<sub>C</sub>) and the Haigis (DEQ<sub>H</sub>) formulae.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean/median / 90% quantile DEQ<sub>C</sub> was 0.22/0.21/0.36 D and DEQ<sub>H</sub> was 0.20/0.19/0.32 D. Ignoring the variation in lens power labelling and toric axis alignment the respective DEQ<sub>C</sub> was 0.20/0.19/0.32 D and DEQ<sub>H</sub> was 0.18/0.17/0.29 D. DEQ<sub>C</sub> and DEQ<sub>H</sub> increased with shorter eyes, steeper corneas, equivalent lens power and highly with toric lens power.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to our simulation results, uncertainties in biometric measures, lens power labelling tolerances, and axis alignment errors are responsible for a significant part of the refraction prediction error after cataract surgery with toric lens implantation. Additional labelling of the exact equivalent and toric power on the lens package could be a step to improve postoperative results.</p>","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}