Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology最新文献

英文中文

Pain perception, aqueous humour cytokines, and miosis response following first and second eye femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery: A randomised, prospective, intraindividual study 第一眼和第二眼飞秒激光辅助白内障手术后的痛觉、眼液细胞因子和瞳孔反应：一项随机、前瞻性、个体内研究。

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14426

Yinhui Yu MD, Lixia Wang BS, Yue Qiao PhD, Yang Ye MD, Yueyang Zhong MD, Xiaohui Song MD, Ke Yao MD, Yibo Yu MD, PhD

Background

To compare pain perception, pupil behaviours, and cytokine levels during first-eye and second-eye femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and determine which is better regarding a short or long interval for bilateral FLACS.

Methods

Notably, 96 eyes of 48 patients with bilateral cataracts underwent the first surgeries in the left or right eye, according to a random sequence. They were further randomised into 2- and 6-week subgroups based on surgery intervals. Pupil size was measured from captured images, and pain perception was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Aqueous humour prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8 levels were also quantitatively analysed. All patients were followed for 1 week to evaluate changes in endothelial cell density (ECD), central corneal thickness (CCT), and macular central subfield thickness (CST).

Results

Ocular pain was significantly higher in patients who underwent second-eye FLACS. First tear break-up time was negatively correlated with VAS score. MCP-1 levels were significantly higher in patients who underwent second-eye FLACS, and VAS scores were positively correlated with MCP-1 levels across all patients. There were no differences between sequential FLACS in miosis, PGE2, IL-6, IL-8 levels and changes in postoperative ECD, CCT, and CST. Patients who underwent second-eye FLACS after 6 weeks showed more CCT, CST, and MCP-1 changes than baseline.

Conclusion

Second-eye FLACS causes more pain and upregulated MCP-1. There was no difference between sequential FLACS in PGE2 levels, miosis, and postoperative inflammation. Furthermore, first-eye FLACS triggered a sympathetic irritation, particularly after a 6-week interval.

背景：目的：比较第一眼和第二眼飞秒激光辅助白内障手术（FLACS）过程中的痛觉、瞳孔行为和细胞因子水平，并确定双侧FLACS间隔时间短或长哪个更好：48名双侧白内障患者的96只眼睛按照随机顺序接受了左眼或右眼的首次手术。根据手术间隔，他们被进一步随机分为 2 周和 6 周两组。瞳孔大小通过捕捉到的图像进行测量，疼痛感则通过视觉模拟量表（VAS）进行评估。此外，还定量分析了泪液中前列腺素 E2 (PGE2)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1 (MCP-1)、白细胞介素 (IL)-6 和 IL-8 的水平。对所有患者进行为期一周的随访，以评估内皮细胞密度（ECD）、角膜中央厚度（CCT）和黄斑中央子场厚度（CST）的变化：结果：接受第二眼FLACS的患者眼部疼痛明显加剧。第一滴泪破裂时间与 VAS 评分呈负相关。第二眼 FLACS 患者的 MCP-1 水平明显更高，所有患者的 VAS 评分与 MCP-1 水平呈正相关。在 miosis、PGE2、IL-6、IL-8 水平以及术后 ECD、CCT 和 CST 的变化方面，连续 FLACS 之间没有差异。6周后接受第二眼FLACS的患者CCT、CST和MCP-1的变化比基线更大：结论：第二眼 FLACS 会导致更多疼痛，并使 MCP-1 上调。在 PGE2 水平、瞳孔缩小和术后炎症方面，连续的 FLACS 之间没有差异。此外，第一眼 FLACS 会引发交感神经刺激，尤其是在间隔 6 周之后。

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引用次数: 0

Establishment of a new vault prediction formula after implantable collamer lens implantation based on factor analysis of multi-modal ophthalmic parameters of anterior and posterior chamber 基于对前后房多模态眼科参数的因子分析，建立植入式准分子透镜植入术后新穹窿预测公式。

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14433

Yijia Xu MD, Fang Liu MD, Yuhao Ye MD, Zhe Zhang MD, Lingling Niu MD, Peijun Yao MD, Xiaoying Wang MD, Xingtao Zhou MD, PHD, Jing Zhao MD

Background

To establish a novel vault prediction formula after implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation that considers both anterior and posterior chamber characteristics with multi-modal parameters.

Methods

A total of 103 and 65 eyes were included in the development and validation groups, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis was performed using data from optical coherence tomography and ultrasound biomicroscopy in the development group to synthesise summative factors with different clinical significance. Dominant original metrics with heavy loadings on significant factors (absolute value of the loading coefficient >0.5) were screened for multivariate linear regression models using a stepwise method. The newly derived formula was evaluated and compared to the NK and KS formulas in the validation group.

Results

Six factors (anterior chamber angle, horizontal width, lens, iris, iridociliary complex and ciliary body) were generated after dimension reduction via factor analysis. Factors 2 (horizontal width), 3 (lens), and 5 (iridociliary complex) had a significant influence on the vault. When dominant metrics on these factors were screened for further model building, ICL size, anterior chamber width, crystalline lens rise, iris curvature, and iris-ciliary process distance were retained in the final formula, with an adjusted R² of 0.698, a median absolute error of 81.97 mm, and a root-mean-square error of 103.35 mm.

Conclusions

Multiple intraocular components, including the lens, iris, and ciliary body, play important roles in vault determination. The new formula exhibits good accuracy for vault predictions and ICL size recommendations.

背景：建立一种新型的植入式有晶体眼人工晶体（ICL）术后穹窿预测公式：建立一种新型穹窿预测公式，通过多模态参数同时考虑植入式有晶体眼（ICL）的前房和后房特征：开发组和验证组分别包括 103 只和 65 只眼睛。利用开发组的光学相干断层扫描和超声生物显微镜数据进行探索性因子分析，归纳出具有不同临床意义的总结性因子。采用逐步法筛选出在重要因子上有较高载荷的主要原始指标（载荷系数绝对值大于 0.5），用于多变量线性回归模型。在验证组中对新得出的公式进行评估，并与 NK 和 KS 公式进行比较：结果：通过因子分析缩减尺寸后产生了六个因子（前房角、水平宽度、晶状体、虹膜、虹膜睫状体复合体和睫状体）。因素 2（水平宽度）、3（晶状体）和 5（虹膜睫状体复合体）对穹窿有显著影响。在筛选这些因素的主要指标以进一步建立模型时，ICL尺寸、前房宽度、晶状体上升、虹膜曲率和虹膜睫状体距离被保留在最终公式中，调整后的R2为0.698，中位绝对误差为81.97毫米，均方根误差为103.35毫米：结论：包括晶状体、虹膜和睫状体在内的多种眼内成分在穹窿测定中起着重要作用。新公式在预测穹窿和推荐 ICL 大小方面表现出良好的准确性。

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引用次数: 0

Secondary intraocular lenses: Reversing to move forward 二次眼内透镜：逆转前进。

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14414

Adrian T. Fung MMed, FRANZCO

引用次数: 0

The enigma of corneal astigmatism 角膜散光之谜。

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14419

Mohammed Ziaei MD, FRCOphth

引用次数: 0

Continuing Professional Development 持续专业发展

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14417

引用次数: 0

Anisometropia and its correction in children in northwest China: A study based on autorefraction data 中国西北地区儿童的斜视及其矫正：基于自动屈光数据的研究。

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14430

Qian Yao MS, Junhan Wei MS, Lu Ye MS, Xianyi Duan MS, Meixia Ren MS, Jie Min MS, Pei Cheng MS, Guoyun Zhang MD

Background

To investigate the prevalence and correction of anisometropia among primary school children in northwestern China.

Methods

A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted in Shaanxi Province. Visual acuity (VA) and autorefraction without cycloplegia were assessed in all participants, and some received axial length (AL) measurements. Anisometropia was categorised based on spherical equivalent (SE), cylindrical (CYL), and AL. The prevalence of anisometropia and refractive correction across different ages and sexes, and correlations between ocular parameters, were analysed.

Results

The study included 29 153 children aged 6–12 (mean age 9.52 ± 1.73 years) for VA and autorefraction measurements, and 1176 children for AL measurements. The prevalence of myopia (SE ≤ −0.50 D), hyperopia (SE ≥ +0.50 D), and anisometropia (interocular SE difference ≥1.00 D) was 65.26%, 15.09%, and 16.50%, respectively. Anisometropia severity, based on SE (χ² = 443.758, p < 0.001), CYL (χ² = 41.669, p < 0.001), and AL (χ² = 95.505, p < 0.001), increased with age, with no significant differences between sexes. Interocular SE difference correlated with interocular spherical power (r = 0.806, p < 0.001), CYL (r = 0.21, p < 0.001), and AL (r = 0.365, p < 0.001). Additionally, interocular CYL difference was positively correlated with interocular AL difference (r = 0.16, p < 0.001). Despite the high prevalence of anisometropia, less than 30% of affected children received refractive correction.

Conclusions

Anisometropia of SE, CYL, and AL increased progressively with age. Despite the elevated prevalence of anisometropia, the utilisation of refractive correction remained strikingly low.

背景：调查中国西北地区小学生近视的发生率和矫正情况：调查中国西北地区小学生近视的发生率和矫正情况：在陕西省开展了一项横断面校本研究。所有参与者均接受了视力（VA）和无回旋屈光度的自动屈光度评估，部分参与者还接受了轴长（AL）测量。根据球面等效视力（SE）、圆柱视力（CYL）和轴向长度（AL）对斜视进行分类。研究分析了不同年龄和性别儿童的斜视患病率和屈光矫正情况，以及眼部参数之间的相关性：研究共对 29 153 名 6-12 岁儿童（平均年龄为 9.52 ± 1.73 岁）进行了视力和自动屈光度测量，对 1176 名儿童进行了屈光度测量。近视（SE ≤ -0.50 D）、远视（SE ≥ +0.50 D）和异视（眼间 SE 差≥1.00 D）的发生率分别为 65.26%、15.09% 和 16.50%。基于 SE 的斜视严重程度（χ2 = 443.758，P 2 = 41.669，P 2 = 95.505，P 结论：随着年龄的增长，SE、CYL 和 AL 的斜视度数逐渐增加。尽管近视的发生率很高，但屈光矫正的使用率却很低。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of prognostic factors in patients with primary ocular adnexal lymphoma when considering competing risk elements 在考虑竞争风险因素时评估原发性眼附件淋巴瘤患者的预后因素。

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14427

Jing Zeng MD, Xian-Fen Cao MD, Jian Chen MD, PhD, Zhi-ping Liu MD, PhD, Jun Lyu PhD, Qing Zhou MD, PhD

Background

Accurate prognostic factors for primary ocular adnexal lymphoma (POAL) are scarce. Survival models and prognostic factors derived without considering competing risk factors suffer from major statistical errors. This study aimed to accurately assess prognostic factors in POAL patients using competing risk models, and compare this to the traditional COX proportional hazards model.

Methods

This retrospective study utilised data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program 2010–2015 and included patients with B-cell POAL. The cumulative incidence function and Gray's test for cause-specific survival were calculated as univariate analysis. The competing risk models were a Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard model and a cause-specific model, and a traditional COX model was employed as a multivariate analysis.

Results

This study enrolled 846 eligible patients with POAL: 60 patients (7.09%) died from POAL and 123 patients (14.54%) died from other causes. Multivariate competing risk models indicated that age, laterality, histology subtype, the 7th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer stage T, and radiotherapy were independent predictors for cause-specific survival of patients with POAL. There was high consistency between the two competing risk models. The COX model made several misestimations on the statistical significance and hazard ratios of prognostic factors.

Conclusions

This study established competing risk models as a method to assess POAL prognostic factors, which was more accurate than traditional methods that do not consider competing risk elements.

背景：原发性眼附件淋巴瘤（POAL）的准确预后因素很少。不考虑竞争风险因素而得出的生存模型和预后因素存在很大的统计误差。本研究旨在利用竞争风险模型准确评估POAL患者的预后因素，并将其与传统的COX比例危险模型进行比较：这项回顾性研究利用了2010-2015年监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER）项目的数据，纳入了B细胞POAL患者。在单变量分析中计算了累积发病率函数和病因特异性生存的格雷氏检验。竞争风险模型为Fine-Gray亚分布危险模型和病因特异性模型，多变量分析则采用传统的COX模型：这项研究共纳入了 846 名符合条件的 POAL 患者：60 名患者（7.09%）死于 POAL，123 名患者（14.54%）死于其他原因。多变量竞争风险模型显示，年龄、侧位、组织学亚型、美国癌症联合委员会第 7 版 T 期和放疗是预测 POAL 患者病因特异性生存率的独立因素。两种竞争风险模型的一致性很高。COX模型对预后因素的统计意义和危险比进行了多次错误估计：本研究将竞争风险模型确立为评估 POAL 预后因素的一种方法，它比不考虑竞争风险因素的传统方法更为准确。

{"title":"Assessment of prognostic factors in patients with primary ocular adnexal lymphoma when considering competing risk elements","authors":"Jing Zeng MD, Xian-Fen Cao MD, Jian Chen MD, PhD, Zhi-ping Liu MD, PhD, Jun Lyu PhD, Qing Zhou MD, PhD","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14427","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ceo.14427","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accurate prognostic factors for primary ocular adnexal lymphoma (POAL) are scarce. Survival models and prognostic factors derived without considering competing risk factors suffer from major statistical errors. This study aimed to accurately assess prognostic factors in POAL patients using competing risk models, and compare this to the traditional COX proportional hazards model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study utilised data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program 2010–2015 and included patients with B-cell POAL. The cumulative incidence function and Gray's test for cause-specific survival were calculated as univariate analysis. The competing risk models were a Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard model and a cause-specific model, and a traditional COX model was employed as a multivariate analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study enrolled 846 eligible patients with POAL: 60 patients (7.09%) died from POAL and 123 patients (14.54%) died from other causes. Multivariate competing risk models indicated that age, laterality, histology subtype, the 7th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer stage T, and radiotherapy were independent predictors for cause-specific survival of patients with POAL. There was high consistency between the two competing risk models. The COX model made several misestimations on the statistical significance and hazard ratios of prognostic factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study established competing risk models as a method to assess POAL prognostic factors, which was more accurate than traditional methods that do not consider competing risk elements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"52 9","pages":"991-1002"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ceo.14427","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A survey exploring ophthalmologists' attitudes and beliefs in performing immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery in Singapore 新加坡眼科医生对立即进行双侧顺序白内障手术的态度和信念调查。

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14431

Wen Wei Victoria Ng MBBS, Shwetha Thiyagarajan, Clement Tan FRCOphth, David Ziyou Chen FRCOphth

Background

To evaluate current practice patterns of Immediate Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgery (ISBCS) by ophthalmologists in Singapore and assess their attitudes towards performing ISBCS in future cataract care.

Methods

An anonymised electronic survey, modified to local context from a similar study conducted in the United Kingdom, was distributed to members of the College of Ophthalmologists, Academy of Medicine, Singapore, from 20 June to 1 September 2023. An initial screening question on prior experience with ISBCS directed the rest of the survey. Questions explored ophthalmologists' current ISBCS practice patterns and the importance of factors affecting their willingness to perform ISBCS. Results were descriptively analysed.

Results

Results collated 2 months upon survey dissemination saw a total of 58 respondents from 235 eligible members (24.7% response rate). Of these, 16 (27.6%) were currently performing ISBCS, 37 (63.8%) had never performed, and 5 (8.6%) had stopped performing. In considering ISBCS, patient convenience (n = 11, 68.8%) and reduced hospital visits (n = 8, 50.0%) were the most important factors nominated. The most important barriers to performing ISBCS were medico-legal issues (n = 31, 83.8%) and risk of endophthalmitis (n = 27, 73.0%), followed by perceived lack of evidence for its effectiveness (n = 19, 51.4%).

Conclusion

This is one of the first studies evaluating ophthalmologists' sentiments towards performing ISBCS in an Asian country. It highlights some of the most pertinent barriers and concerns that ophthalmologists face in performing and offering ISBCS. This study provides a better understanding of the potential role and prospects of ISBCS in future cataract care in Singapore.

背景：目的：评估新加坡眼科医生目前实施即刻连续双侧白内障手术（ISBCS）的模式，并评估他们对在未来白内障护理中实施即刻连续双侧白内障手术的态度：从 2023 年 6 月 20 日至 9 月 1 日，我们向新加坡医学院眼科医师学院的成员发放了一份匿名电子调查表，该调查表根据在英国进行的一项类似研究的本地情况进行了修改。最初的筛选问题是关于以前使用 ISBCS 的经验，它引导了调查的其他部分。调查问题涉及眼科医生目前的 ISBCS 实践模式以及影响他们实施 ISBCS 意愿的重要因素。调查结果进行了描述性分析：在调查发布 2 个月后，对结果进行了整理，共有 235 名符合条件的会员中的 58 人做出了回复（回复率为 24.7%）。其中，16 人（27.6%）目前正在实施 ISBCS，37 人（63.8%）从未实施过，5 人（8.6%）已停止实施。在考虑 ISBCS 时，患者方便（11 人，68.8%）和减少医院就诊（8 人，50.0%）是最重要的提名因素。开展 ISBCS 的最主要障碍是医疗法律问题（31 人，83.8%）和眼内炎风险（27 人，73.0%），其次是缺乏有效证据（19 人，51.4%）：这是首次评估亚洲国家眼科医生对实施 ISBCS 的看法的研究之一。它强调了眼科医生在实施和提供 ISBCS 时所面临的一些最相关的障碍和顾虑。这项研究让人们更好地了解了 ISBCS 在新加坡未来白内障治疗中的潜在作用和前景。

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引用次数: 0

Nocturnal hypoxia and age-related macular degeneration 夜间缺氧与老年黄斑变性

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14428

Attiqa Chaudhary MBBS, Carla J. Abbott PhD, Zhichao Wu PhD, Wendy Y. Fang BMedSc(Hons), MD, Palaniraj R. Raj MBBS, MMed(OphthSc), Matthew Naughton MBBS, MD, Wilson J. Heriot MBBS, Robyn H. Guymer MBBS, PhD

Background

Nocturnal hypoxia is common, under-diagnosed and is found in the same demographic at risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The objective of this study was to determine any association between nocturnal hypoxia and AMD, its severity, and the high-risk sub-phenotype of reticular pseudodrusen (RPD).

Methods

This cross-sectional study included participants aged ≥50 years with AMD, or normal controls, exclusive of those on treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea. All participants had at home, overnight (up to 3 nights) pulse oximetry recordings and multimodal imaging to classify AMD. Classification of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) was determined based on oxygen desaturation index [ODI] with mild having values of 5–15 and moderate-to-severe >15.

Results

A total of 225 participants were included with 76% having AMD, of which 42% had coexistent RPD. Of the AMD participants, 53% had early/intermediate AMD, 30% had geographic atrophy (GA) and 17% had neovascular AMD (nAMD). Overall, mild or moderate-to-severe OSAwas not associated with an increased odds of having AMD nor AMD with RPD (p ≥ 0.180). However, moderate-to-severe OSA was associated with increased odds of having nAMD (odds ratio = 6.35; 95% confidence interval = 1.18 to 34.28; p = 0.032), but not early/intermediate AMD or GA, compared to controls (p ≥ 0.130). Mild OSA was not associated with differences in odds of having AMD of any severity (p ≥ 0.277).

Conclusions

There was an association between nocturnal hypoxia as measured by the ODI and nAMD. Hence, nocturnal hypoxia may be an under-appreciated important modifiable risk factor for nAMD.

背景：夜间缺氧是一种常见病，但诊断率低，而且与老年性黄斑变性（AMD）的高危人群相同。本研究旨在确定夜间缺氧与老年性黄斑变性、其严重程度以及网状假性黄斑变性（RPD）高风险亚型之间的关系：这项横断面研究包括年龄≥50 岁的老年性视网膜病变患者或正常对照组，不包括正在接受阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停治疗的患者。所有参与者都在家中进行了一夜（最多 3 晚）脉搏血氧仪记录和多模态成像，以对 AMD 进行分类。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的分类是根据氧饱和度指数[ODI]确定的，轻度为5-15，中重度>15：共纳入 225 名参与者，其中 76% 患有 AMD，42% 同时患有 RPD。在AMD患者中，53%为早期/中期AMD，30%为地理性萎缩（GA），17%为新生血管性AMD（nAMD）。总体而言，轻度或中重度 OSA 与 AMD 或 AMD 伴有 RPD 的几率增加无关（p ≥ 0.180）。然而，与对照组相比，中度至重度 OSA 与患 nAMD 的几率增加有关（几率比 = 6.35；95% 置信区间 = 1.18 至 34.28；p = 0.032），但与早期/中期 AMD 或 GA 无关（p ≥ 0.130）。轻度 OSA 与任何严重程度的老年性视网膜病变的几率差异无关（p ≥ 0.277）：结论：通过 ODI 测定的夜间缺氧与 nAMD 之间存在关联。因此，夜间缺氧可能是导致 nAMD 的一个未被充分重视的重要可调节风险因素。

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引用次数: 0

Iris-sutured intraocular lenses and their long-term outcomes 虹膜缝合的眼内透镜及其长期疗效。

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14429

Jane S. Lim FRCOphth, Nathalie P. Y. Chiam FRCOphth, Melissa H. Y. Wong FRCS(Ed), Soon-Phaik Chee FRCOphth

引用次数: 0

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