Abstract A choice feeding bioassay was used to investigate the effects of artificial diet components on the repellency of larval oral secretions from western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman, to conspecific larvae. Oral secretions from insects fed on agar supplemented with linseed oil were as repellent as secretions from insects fed on complete artificial diet. Secretions from insects fed on agar alone, agar and casein, or agar and wheat germ were not significantly more repellent than distilled water; neither was linseed oil alone. Linseed oil consists of glycerides of several fatty acids, which are likely metabolized quickly in the insect gut; repellency of oral secretions could be due to any of the related fatty acids or metabolites.
摘要采用选择性饲养生物试验，研究了人工饲料成分对西部云杉budworm (christoneura occidentalis Freeman)幼虫口腔分泌物对同种幼虫的驱避作用。饲喂添加了亚麻籽油的琼脂的昆虫的口腔分泌物与饲喂完全人工饲料的昆虫的分泌物具有同样的驱避作用。单独饲喂琼脂、琼脂与酪蛋白或琼脂与小麦胚芽的昆虫分泌物的驱避效果不显著高于蒸馏水;亚麻籽油也不是唯一的。亚麻籽油由几种脂肪酸的甘油酯组成，这些脂肪酸可能在昆虫的肠道中迅速代谢;口腔分泌物的驱避可能是由于任何相关的脂肪酸或代谢物。
{"title":"Effect of Artificial Diet Components on Conspecific Repellency of Larval Oral Secretions from Western Spruce Budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)","authors":"L. Poirier, J. Borden","doi":"10.4039/n11-018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/n11-018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A choice feeding bioassay was used to investigate the effects of artificial diet components on the repellency of larval oral secretions from western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman, to conspecific larvae. Oral secretions from insects fed on agar supplemented with linseed oil were as repellent as secretions from insects fed on complete artificial diet. Secretions from insects fed on agar alone, agar and casein, or agar and wheat germ were not significantly more repellent than distilled water; neither was linseed oil alone. Linseed oil consists of glycerides of several fatty acids, which are likely metabolized quickly in the insect gut; repellency of oral secretions could be due to any of the related fatty acids or metabolites.","PeriodicalId":55289,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Entomologist","volume":"225 1","pages":"384 - 387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77042401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Syneches Walker from Fiji is revised, including the description of two new species: S. bezzii sp. nov. and S. insolitus sp. nov. A lectotype is designated for S. pullus Bezzi and a key to the five recognized species is provided. Epiceia Walker, Harpamerus Bigot syn. nov., and Parahybos Kertész syn. nov. are considered congeneric with Syneches; all species affected by these changes are listed, including the following new replacement names: S. meijerei nom. nov. and S. yangi nom. nov.
{"title":"Revision of Fijian Syneches (Diptera: Empidoidea: Hybotidae), with a Reassessment of the Genus","authors":"B. Sinclair","doi":"10.4039/n11-021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/n11-021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000 Syneches Walker from Fiji is revised, including the description of two new species: S. bezzii sp. nov. and S. insolitus sp. nov. A lectotype is designated for S. pullus Bezzi and a key to the five recognized species is provided. Epiceia Walker, Harpamerus Bigot syn. nov., and Parahybos Kertész syn. nov. are considered congeneric with Syneches; all species affected by these changes are listed, including the following new replacement names: S. meijerei nom. nov. and S. yangi nom. nov.","PeriodicalId":55289,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Entomologist","volume":"6 1","pages":"358 - 369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89025830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Effective management of Chinese citrus fly, Bactrocera minax (Enderlein) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is hindered by a lack of knowledge about its movements. We determined the feasibility of using harmonic radar technology to measure natural dispersal of B. minax. Tests demonstrated that 3.8 mg tags representing 8% of average insect weight had no visible impact on the ability of flies to takeoff and maintain flight. More than 86% of flies retained their tags for at least 5 days, and there was no significant mortality. Neither adhesive tested for tag mounting affected the survival of flies. Presence of the vertical dorsal tag did not prevent or hamper vertical movement. Together, results validate the use of tags weighing up to 3.8 mg for radar or telemetric study of dispersal ecology of B. minax.
{"title":"Validation of Harmonic Radar Tags to Study Movement of Chinese Citrus Fly","authors":"L. Gui, Huang Xiu-qin, Li Chuan-ren, G. Boiteau","doi":"10.4039/n11-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/n11-017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000 Effective management of Chinese citrus fly, Bactrocera minax (Enderlein) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is hindered by a lack of knowledge about its movements. We determined the feasibility of using harmonic radar technology to measure natural dispersal of B. minax. Tests demonstrated that 3.8 mg tags representing 8% of average insect weight had no visible impact on the ability of flies to takeoff and maintain flight. More than 86% of flies retained their tags for at least 5 days, and there was no significant mortality. Neither adhesive tested for tag mounting affected the survival of flies. Presence of the vertical dorsal tag did not prevent or hamper vertical movement. Together, results validate the use of tags weighing up to 3.8 mg for radar or telemetric study of dispersal ecology of B. minax.","PeriodicalId":55289,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Entomologist","volume":"42 1","pages":"415 - 422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85463478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Female wheat midges, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), were provided with wheat spikes, Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae), for oviposition while being exposed to air that had passed over wheat spikes of contrasting genotype or growth stage. Spikes of postanthesis ‘Roblin’ and preanthesis ‘Key 10’ are known to deter oviposition. Volatiles emitted by these spikes suppressed oviposition on preanthesis ‘Roblin’, which is preferred for oviposition. Volatiles emitted by spikes of preanthesis ‘Roblin’ did not increase oviposition on preanthesis ‘Key 10’. Reduced oviposition on a resistant genotype and on a deterrent growth stage of wheat is consistent with production of deterrent volatiles rather than a lack of stimulatory volatiles.
{"title":"Volatile Compounds from Non-Preferred Wheat Spikes Reduce Oviposition by Sitodiplosis mosellana","authors":"A. H. Gharalari, M.A.H. Smith, S. L. Fox, R. Lamb","doi":"10.4039/n11-019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/n11-019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Female wheat midges, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), were provided with wheat spikes, Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae), for oviposition while being exposed to air that had passed over wheat spikes of contrasting genotype or growth stage. Spikes of postanthesis ‘Roblin’ and preanthesis ‘Key 10’ are known to deter oviposition. Volatiles emitted by these spikes suppressed oviposition on preanthesis ‘Roblin’, which is preferred for oviposition. Volatiles emitted by spikes of preanthesis ‘Roblin’ did not increase oviposition on preanthesis ‘Key 10’. Reduced oviposition on a resistant genotype and on a deterrent growth stage of wheat is consistent with production of deterrent volatiles rather than a lack of stimulatory volatiles.","PeriodicalId":55289,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Entomologist","volume":"18 1","pages":"388 - 391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85474291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In Europe, Ceutorhynchus turbatus Schultze and Ceutorhynchus typhae (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) feed on seeds from hoary cress and shepherd's purse (Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. and Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.); both plants are invasive in North America. In North America, C. turbatus is a candidate for biological control of hoary cress, C. typhae is adventive, and both are sympatric with cabbage seedpod weevil (Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham)), an invasive alien pest of canola (Brassica napus L. and Brassica rapa L., Brassicaceae). We investigated host associations among C. turbatus, C. typhae, and their parasitoids in Europe. Of particular interest was host specificity of Trichomalus perfectus (Walker) and Mesopolobus morys (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), candidates for biological control of C. obstrictus in North America. We found no evidence that T. perfectus attacks C. turbatus or C. typhae; however, M. morys was the most common parasitoid associated with C. turbatus.
{"title":"Larval Phenologies and Parasitoids of Two Seed-Feeding Weevils Associated with Hoary Cress and Shepherd's Purse (Brassicaceae) in Europe","authors":"F. Muller, L. Dosdall, P. Mason, U. Kuhlmann","doi":"10.4039/n11-020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/n11-020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000 In Europe, Ceutorhynchus turbatus Schultze and Ceutorhynchus typhae (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) feed on seeds from hoary cress and shepherd's purse (Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. and Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.); both plants are invasive in North America. In North America, C. turbatus is a candidate for biological control of hoary cress, C. typhae is adventive, and both are sympatric with cabbage seedpod weevil (Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham)), an invasive alien pest of canola (Brassica napus L. and Brassica rapa L., Brassicaceae). We investigated host associations among C. turbatus, C. typhae, and their parasitoids in Europe. Of particular interest was host specificity of Trichomalus perfectus (Walker) and Mesopolobus morys (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), candidates for biological control of C. obstrictus in North America. We found no evidence that T. perfectus attacks C. turbatus or C. typhae; however, M. morys was the most common parasitoid associated with C. turbatus.","PeriodicalId":55289,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Entomologist","volume":"12 1","pages":"399 - 410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84130217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. T. Sullivan, I. Karaca, S. K. Ozman‐Sullivan, Z. Yang
Abstract Overwintered pupae of fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury), were collected from 38 hazelnut (Corylus avellana L. (Betulaceae)) plantations in Samsun province, Turkey, in 2008 and 2009. Four chalcidoid (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) species were reared: Chouioia cunea Yang (Eulophidae), Conomorium amplum (Walker), Dibrachys boarmiae (Walker), and Psychophagus omnivorus (Walker) (Pteromalidae). Overall parasitism was 11.97% and 4.84% for 2008 and 2009, respectively; species richness on sites ranged from one to three species. Psychophagus omnivorus parasitised 6.7% of all pupae and comprised 79% of chalcidoid rearings. Chouioia cunea had the highest clutch average (117) and female:male ratio (44.5:1). Records of Chouioia cunea and Conomorium amplum are new for Turkey and, except for P. omnivorus, all parasitoids are new records for H. cunea in Turkey.
{"title":"Chalcidoid Parasitoids of Overwintered Pupae of Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) in Hazelnut Plantations of Turkey's Central Black Sea Region","authors":"G. T. Sullivan, I. Karaca, S. K. Ozman‐Sullivan, Z. Yang","doi":"10.4039/n11-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/n11-014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000 Overwintered pupae of fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury), were collected from 38 hazelnut (Corylus avellana L. (Betulaceae)) plantations in Samsun province, Turkey, in 2008 and 2009. Four chalcidoid (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) species were reared: Chouioia cunea Yang (Eulophidae), Conomorium amplum (Walker), Dibrachys boarmiae (Walker), and Psychophagus omnivorus (Walker) (Pteromalidae). Overall parasitism was 11.97% and 4.84% for 2008 and 2009, respectively; species richness on sites ranged from one to three species. Psychophagus omnivorus parasitised 6.7% of all pupae and comprised 79% of chalcidoid rearings. Chouioia cunea had the highest clutch average (117) and female:male ratio (44.5:1). Records of Chouioia cunea and Conomorium amplum are new for Turkey and, except for P. omnivorus, all parasitoids are new records for H. cunea in Turkey.","PeriodicalId":55289,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Entomologist","volume":"37 1","pages":"411 - 414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89452259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A new genus and species of microphysid bug is described and illustrated from two individuals preserved in Late Cretaceous (Campanian) amber from Alberta, Canada. Popovophysa entzmingeri gen. et sp. nov. is distinguished from its fossil and modern counterparts. The new species has attributes of the two currently recognized subfamilies Ciorullinae and Microphysinae, suggesting that those taxa may not be distinct and are in need of cladistic analysis.
摘要描述了加拿大阿尔伯塔省晚白垩世坎帕尼亚琥珀中保存的两个微物理虫新属和新种。Popovophysa entzmingeri gen. et sp. 11 .与其化石和现代同类区别开来。该新种具有目前公认的圆藻亚科和微藻亚科的特征，表明这两个分类群可能并不明显，需要进行枝系分析。
{"title":"First Mesozoic Microphysidae (Hemiptera): A New Genus and Species in Late Cretaceous Amber from Canada","authors":"R. McKellar, M. Engel","doi":"10.4039/n11-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/n11-015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000 A new genus and species of microphysid bug is described and illustrated from two individuals preserved in Late Cretaceous (Campanian) amber from Alberta, Canada. Popovophysa entzmingeri gen. et sp. nov. is distinguished from its fossil and modern counterparts. The new species has attributes of the two currently recognized subfamilies Ciorullinae and Microphysinae, suggesting that those taxa may not be distinct and are in need of cladistic analysis.","PeriodicalId":55289,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Entomologist","volume":"2 1","pages":"349 - 357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81527108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract We analyzed nitrogen (N) content in phloem and xylem of 75 northern red oak, Quercus rubra L. (Fagaceae), removed in 2002–2007 from three sites within the Ozark National Forest, Arkansas, to investigate the relationship between vascular tissue N status and wood borer infestation. Populations of native red oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), experienced an outbreak and population crash during the sampling period. Vascular tissue N was not correlated with borer infestation density (exit holes/m-2/bark surface), which suggests variation in N status of vascular tissue was not influenced by or did not influence borer success. Vascular tissue N was greater in trees sampled during winter months than in trees sampled in spring and summer months.
{"title":"Phloem and Xylem Nitrogen Variability in Quercus rubra Attacked by Enaphalodes rufulus","authors":"L. Haavik, M. Ayres, Erik Stange, F. Stephen","doi":"10.4039/n11-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/n11-016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000 We analyzed nitrogen (N) content in phloem and xylem of 75 northern red oak, Quercus rubra L. (Fagaceae), removed in 2002–2007 from three sites within the Ozark National Forest, Arkansas, to investigate the relationship between vascular tissue N status and wood borer infestation. Populations of native red oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), experienced an outbreak and population crash during the sampling period. Vascular tissue N was not correlated with borer infestation density (exit holes/m-2/bark surface), which suggests variation in N status of vascular tissue was not influenced by or did not influence borer success. Vascular tissue N was greater in trees sampled during winter months than in trees sampled in spring and summer months.","PeriodicalId":55289,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Entomologist","volume":"28 1","pages":"380 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79275641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A taxonomic study of Megarthrus Curtis in Korea is presented. The genus is represented in Korea by 10 species including M. coreanus Kim and Cuccodoro sp. nov. Megarthrus corticalis Sharp, M. fennicus Lahtinen, M. incubifer Cuccodoro, M. japonicus Sharp, M. montanus Sawada, M. sawadai Cuccodoro, and M. zerchei Cuccodoro and Löbl are reported from Korea for the first time. A diagnosis of the genus and a key to the Korean species are provided. The new species is diagnosed, described, and illustrated and the other species are diagnosed and illustrated. Species distributions are presented, and the effect of these Korean findings on the level of endemism of the Megarthrus fauna of Japan and Far East Russia is discussed.
{"title":"Megarthrus of Korea, with Description of a New Species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Proteininae)","authors":"G. Cuccodoro, Myoung Hee Kim, K. Ahn","doi":"10.4039/n11-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/n11-004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A taxonomic study of Megarthrus Curtis in Korea is presented. The genus is represented in Korea by 10 species including M. coreanus Kim and Cuccodoro sp. nov. Megarthrus corticalis Sharp, M. fennicus Lahtinen, M. incubifer Cuccodoro, M. japonicus Sharp, M. montanus Sawada, M. sawadai Cuccodoro, and M. zerchei Cuccodoro and Löbl are reported from Korea for the first time. A diagnosis of the genus and a key to the Korean species are provided. The new species is diagnosed, described, and illustrated and the other species are diagnosed and illustrated. Species distributions are presented, and the effect of these Korean findings on the level of endemism of the Megarthrus fauna of Japan and Far East Russia is discussed.","PeriodicalId":55289,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Entomologist","volume":"1 1","pages":"317 - 331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87819518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Marcos-García, A. Vujić, A. Ricarte, G. Ståhls
Abstract Study of specimens of Merodon Meigen collected in southwestern Europe resulted in new data and taxonomic changes for this genus. The cryptic species Merodon confusus sp. nov. (Merodon equestris species group) is described based on specimens collected in Cabañeros National Park, central Spain. Morphological and molecular diagnostic characters are provided to separate members of the species group. Merodon aeneus fulvus Gil Collado is proposed as a junior synonym of Merodon pumilus Macquart. The first Iberian record of Merodon rufus Meigen is reported and updates of the revision of Iberian Merodon are provided.
{"title":"Towards an Integrated Taxonomy of the Merodon equestris Species Complex (Diptera: Syrphidae) Including Description of a New Species, with Additional Data on Iberian Merodon","authors":"M. Marcos-García, A. Vujić, A. Ricarte, G. Ståhls","doi":"10.4039/n11-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/n11-013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study of specimens of Merodon Meigen collected in southwestern Europe resulted in new data and taxonomic changes for this genus. The cryptic species Merodon confusus sp. nov. (Merodon equestris species group) is described based on specimens collected in Cabañeros National Park, central Spain. Morphological and molecular diagnostic characters are provided to separate members of the species group. Merodon aeneus fulvus Gil Collado is proposed as a junior synonym of Merodon pumilus Macquart. The first Iberian record of Merodon rufus Meigen is reported and updates of the revision of Iberian Merodon are provided.","PeriodicalId":55289,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Entomologist","volume":"s3-43 1","pages":"332 - 348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90833348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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