Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Reviews最新文献

Successful bone fragment fixation is a crucial factor in bone fracture healing, the fixation of crushed bone fragments could hinder bone fracture healing. Thus, ideal bone glues to effectively adhere and splice comminuted bone fragments are needed in clinical. Herein, an osteoinductive and biodegradable double cross-linked bone glue (GelMA-oDex-AMBGN) was constructed through Schiff's base reaction between commercial GelMA (with different substitution degrees of amino groups) and Odex mixed with amine-modified mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (AMBGN), followed by crosslink with blue light irradiation. The GelMA-oDex-AMBGN bone glue successfully adhered and spliced the comminuted bone fragments of isolated rat skulls. GelMA-oDex-AMBGN promoted the proliferation of 3T3 cells and enhanced the expression of osteogenic proteins Runx2 and OCN in vitro. In rat cranial critical-sized defect models, GelMA-oDex-AMBGNs with different substitution degrees significantly increased the new bone contents at the fracture defect sites and promoted bone tissue regeneration in vivo. In conclusion, the double cross-linked bone glue (GelMA-oDex-AMBGN) was successfully constructed and can induce bone regeneration. Additionally, there was no significant difference in osteogenic activity among GelMA-oDex-AMBGNs with different substitution degrees and the equal content of AMBGN.

Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the colon or rectum, which are part of the digestive system. It usually develops from small growths called polyps that can turn cancerous over time. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Jianpi Yiqi prescription on clinical symptoms, inflammation, oxidative stress, efficacy, and adverse reactions in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. A total of 84 CRC patients treated at a hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were randomly divided into two groups: the conventional chemotherapy group and the Jianpi Yiqi prescription group. Patients in the Jianpi Yiqi group received traditional Chinese medicine on top of conventional chemotherapy. Clinical symptoms and plasma biomarkers were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results showed that there were significant differences between the two groups before therapy. After therapy, the Jianpi Yiqi group had lower TCM symptom scores, inflammatory factor indices, MDA and SOD levels, and incidence of adverse reactions than the conventional group. Moreover, the total effective rate and tumor stability rate of the Jianpi Yiqi group were higher than those of the conventional group. The study concluded that Jianpi Yiqi prescription had better clinical efficacy in treating CRC patients compared to conventional chemotherapy, with fewer adverse reactions and better inhibition of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress. Overall, this study suggests that Jianpi Yiqi prescription could be a promising complementary therapy for CRC patients, but more research is needed to confirm these findings.

Objective: hsa_circ_0057104 (circPDK1) has been elucidated to regulate malignant behavior in pancreatic and renal cell carcinoma. The study functionally aimed at how circPDK1 modifies colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, along with its potential molecular mechanism.

Methods: circPDK1 expression patterns in CRC tissues and cell lines were analyzed by RT-qPCR. circPDK1/miR-627-5p/CCND2 expression levels were changed by transient transfection. CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, Transwell, immunoblotting, and commercial kits were utilized to measure CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion/migration, and glycolysis processes. Dual luciferase reporting assay and RIP assay were employed to evaluate the targeting relationship between circPDK1/miR-627-5p/CCND2.

Results: circPDK1 was highly expressed in CRC. circPDK1 knockdown inhibited CRC cell proliferation, invasion/migration, and warburg effect and forced apoptosis. Overexpressing circPDK1 had the opposite effect. The effects of circPDK1 knockdown or circPDK1 overexpression on CRC cells were mitigated by downregulating miR-627-5p or CCND2, respectively. CircPDK1, by competitive adsorption of miR-627-5p, mediated CCND2 expression.

Conclusion: CircPDK1 induces the malignant behavior of CRC by competitive adsorption of miR-627-5p mediating CCND2 expression, offering new insights into the future development of CRC-targeted drugs.

This study analyzed records of 200 patients who underwent hepatobiliary surgery to identify factors that contribute to lower extremity venous thromboembolism (VTE). 19 patients (9.50%) developed lower extremity deep vein thrombosis. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences between the study group and the control group in terms of age, body mass index, previous thromboembolic history, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking history, times of lower extremity venipuncture, operation time, postoperative bedrest time, postoperative platelet count, postoperative D-dimer level, and postoperative C-reactive protein level (P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified age ≥60 years, body mass index ≥24 kg/m2, previous history of thromboembolism, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking history, number of lower extremity venipunctures ≥5, operation time ≥2 hours, postoperative bedrest time ≥48 hours, postoperative blood platelet count ≥300×109/L, postoperative D-dimer level ≥200 g/L, and postoperative C-reactive protein ≥8.0 mg/L as significant predisposing factors for lower extremity VTE. The study concludes that patients undergoing hepatobiliary surgery are at an increased risk of developing lower extremity VTE, and prevention strategies must be tailored to each patient's unique set of risk factors. This includes careful management of postoperative bed rest, monitoring of platelet count, D-dimer and C-reactive protein levels, controlling hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and cessation of smoking. This study highlights the importance of early identification of patients at high risk of lower extremity VTE following hepatobiliary surgery and comprehensive prevention measures.

Monitoring changes in serum tumor marker concentrations can help in the early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there are few methods to monitor the efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy in NSCLC patients. The present research aimed to explore the correlation between radiotherapy efficacy and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) and cytokeratin 19 soluble fragment (CYFRA21-1) levels in NSCLC patients. Serum CYFRA21-1 and SCCA were detected with an automatic chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer. Patients with NSCLC were followed up by telephone at regular intervals for 35 months. The χ² test was used to compare clinical characteristics such as age, gender, smoking history and other count data between groups. Predictive value of serum SCCA and CYFRA21-1 on the efficacy of radiotherapy was analyzed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. The survival of the patients was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. The serum SCCA and CYFRA21-1 levels in the NSCLC group were apparently higher by comparison with control group. The SCCA and CYFRA21-1 concentration were both positive relevant to Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage. The Area Under Curve (AUC) of serum SCCA and CYFRA21-1 were 0.732 and 0.721, respectively. In addition, high serum SCCA and CYFRA21-1 levels could predict poor radiotherapy outcomes. Patients with high serum concentration of SCCA and CYFRA21-1 have shorter survival times. High serum SCCA and CYFRA21-1 levels could predict poor prognosis and unfavorable efficacy of radiotherapy in invalids with NSCLC.

This study aimed to identify factors that affect the prognosis of children with pulmonary valve atresia and intact ventricular septum treated with transthoracic balloon dilation of the pulmonary valve. The study included 148 participants who were followed up for 5 years. Of these, 10 died, while 138 survived. Independent sample t-test and χ2 test were used to analyze clinical data of children in the death and survival groups. It was found that height, weight, body surface area, arterial oxygen saturation, degree of tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary valve cross valve pressure difference, ICU length of stay, length of stay, reoperation intervention, and complications were statistically significant (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis of the measurement indicators with statistically significant differences showed that height, weight, body surface area, arterial oxygen saturation, ICU length of stay, and length of stay had AUCs ranging from 0.723 to 0.870. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the degree of tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary valve cross valvular pressure difference, ICU length of stay, reoperation intervention, and complications were independent risk factors that affect the prognosis of patients with PA/IVS undergoing transthoracic balloon dilation of pulmonary valve. The study proposed a nomogram prediction model using R language software 4.0 "rms" package, which was validated using calibration curve and decision curve. The model had a C-index of 0.667 (95% CI: 0.643-0.786) and high degree of fit. This study provides clinicians with a prediction model to identify children with poor prognosis after treatment with transpulmonary valve balloon dilatation.           .

B cells in protection against malaria and need of experiencing many episodes in humans to achieve a state of immunity is largely unknown. The cellular basis of such defects in terms of B cell generation, maturation and trafficking was studied by taking Plasmodium chabaudi, a non-lethal and Plasmodium berghei, a lethal murine model. A flow cytometry (FCF) based evaluation was used to study alterations in generation and maintenance of B cells in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria as well as in murine malaria models. A significant accumulation of mature B cells in bone marrow and immature B cells in circulation was a feature observed only in lethal malaria. At peak parasitaemia, both the models induce a significant decrease in T2 (transitional) B cells with expansion of T1B cells. Studies in patients with acute Pf malaria showed a significant expansion of memory B cells and TB cells with a concomitant decrease in naive2 B cells as compared with healthy controls. This study clearly demonstrates that acute malarial infection induces major disturbances in B cell development in lymphoid organs and trafficking in periphery.

Caudal anesthesia alleviates the strong pain endured by children during surgical treatment for concealed penis. In the traditional method, anesthesiologists identify the puncture point using the 'blind probe' method, which leads to anesthesia induction failure in children. Ultrasound has recently gained wide attention for its guidance in peripheral nerve block analgesia. However, the clinical significance of wireless ultrasound - guided caudal anesthesia technology in children remains unexplored. This study investigated the clinical value of wireless ultrasound - guided caudal anesthesia in children undergoing concealed penis surgery. From April 2022 to August 2022, 120 pediatric patients aged 3-10 years were selected for concealed penis surgery. They were divided into the wireless ultrasound - guided sacral block group (group A) and the traditional sacral block group (group B), with 60 children in each group. Children in group A and group B underwent wireless ultrasound - guided caudal anesthesia and traditional caudal anesthesia, respectively. The success rates of the first puncture and total punctures, time taken for the punctures, and number of punctures were compared between the groups. The success rates of the first puncture (95% vs 68.3%) and total puncture (100% vs 90%) were significantly higher in group A than in group B (P<0.05). The average puncture time and the average number of punctures were, respectively, significantly shorter and lesser in group A than in group B (both P<0.05). Compared with the traditional method, wireless ultrasound visualization technology can effectively improve the success rate of sacral block puncture and reduce puncture time, which is worthy of clinical application.

This investigation aimed to elucidate the application impact of prehospital-hospital integrated emergency nursing in individuals with acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Data of 230 ACI patients admitted to our hospital from May 2021 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into A and B groups (AG and BG) according to different nursing methods. The inter-group comparison of the treatment time (time for physician arrival, time for completion of examination, time between admission and thrombolytic therapy, length of stay in emergency) was compared. The success rate of thrombolysis, the inter-group comparison levels of coagulation function indexes [D-dimer (D-D) and fibrinogen (Fbg)], the national Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, the Barthel score, family members' self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score, family members' self-rating depression scale (SDS) score, family satisfaction and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. The treatment time were reduced in the BG than in the AG (all P < 0.05). The BG had a higher success rate of thrombolysis than the AG (P < 0.05). After the therapy, the D-D level in BG group was higher than that in AG group, and Fbg was lower than that in AG group (both P < 0.05). After nursing, BG's NIHSS score was increased compared with the AG; MBI was reduced (P < 0.05); the SAS and SDS scores of the family members were also reduced (both P < 0.05). The total family satisfaction of the BG (100.00%) was greater than the AG (89.00%) (P < 0.05). The application of prehospital-hospital integrated emergency nursing in ACI patients works effectively.