Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2024.2386606
J M Ellis, R A Estevez Burns, I Mallawaarachchi, X-Q Wang, C A Aycock, A E Krunnfusz, J R Jones, J A Blue Star, M A Patience, D G Cassidy, D J Taylor, R C Klesges, G W Talcott
Objectives: Approximately 70% of the military personnel experience chronic sleep insufficiency, which negatively impacts military readiness and health. Military sleep health does not appear to be improving despite targeted programs to optimize sleep. The present quasi-experimental study aims to evaluate a single-session sleep intervention in United States Air Force (USAF) Technical Training.
Method: A group-based Brief Sleep Intervention (BSI) was developed for the target population. Participants included 321 technical school students (Mean age = 21; 82% male; 67% White) who were assigned to the BSI (n = 203) or a control group (n = 118). Propensity-score-weighted multivariable logistic regression was employed to compare outcomes.
Results: At the 2-week follow-up, students in the BSI were significantly more likely to report sleeping 6 or more hours on weekdays (OR = 1.49, p < .001) and "Good/Very Good" sleep quality (OR = 1.50, p = .032) than those in the control group. In addition, 69.2% of the students in BSI reported having engaged in the self-selected "Action Step" chosen during the intervention.
Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to test a preventative sleep intervention in USAF Technical Training. Results suggest that a single-session group intervention can promote behavioral changes and improve sleep health.
{"title":"Project Sandman: A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of a Group-Based Brief Sleep Intervention in Air Force Technical Training.","authors":"J M Ellis, R A Estevez Burns, I Mallawaarachchi, X-Q Wang, C A Aycock, A E Krunnfusz, J R Jones, J A Blue Star, M A Patience, D G Cassidy, D J Taylor, R C Klesges, G W Talcott","doi":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2386606","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2386606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Approximately 70% of the military personnel experience chronic sleep insufficiency, which negatively impacts military readiness and health. Military sleep health does not appear to be improving despite targeted programs to optimize sleep. The present quasi-experimental study aims to evaluate a single-session sleep intervention in United States Air Force (USAF) Technical Training.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A group-based Brief Sleep Intervention (BSI) was developed for the target population. Participants included 321 technical school students (Mean age = 21; 82% male; 67% White) who were assigned to the BSI (<i>n</i> = 203) or a control group (<i>n</i> = 118). Propensity-score-weighted multivariable logistic regression was employed to compare outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the 2-week follow-up, students in the BSI were significantly more likely to report sleeping 6 or more hours on weekdays (OR = 1.49, <i>p</i> < .001) and \"Good/Very Good\" sleep quality (OR = 1.50, <i>p</i> = .032) than those in the control group. In addition, 69.2% of the students in BSI reported having engaged in the self-selected \"Action Step\" chosen during the intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To our knowledge, this is the first study to test a preventative sleep intervention in USAF Technical Training. Results suggest that a single-session group intervention can promote behavioral changes and improve sleep health.</p>","PeriodicalId":55393,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sleep Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"910-920"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-09-15DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2024.2396838
Samantha K M Lee, Kingston W C M Yeung, Yu Sun Bin, Lorraine Smith, Edwin C K Tan, Rose Cairns, Janet M Y Cheung
Objective: This study aims to explore the perspectives and experiences of Australian caregivers and community pharmacists about pediatric melatonin use.
Methods: A convenience sample of caregivers with children (aged 11-16 years) using melatonin as a sleep aid and community pharmacists (including pharmacist interns) were recruited. Participants first completed an online survey followed by an online semi-structured interview. Interviews were guided by a schedule of questions for the respective participant groups, broadly exploring their beliefs about melatonin, experiences in using/supplying melatonin, and perceived facilitators/barriers for melatonin use. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using the Framework Approach.
Results: Fourteen caregivers of predominantly neurodiverse adolescents and 24 community pharmacists were interviewed. While melatonin was perceived by caregivers of both typically developing and neurodiverse dependants as safer than pharmacological sleep aids, treatment was only initiated after trialling non-pharmacological strategies first. Pharmacists expressed concerns around the ambiguities in practice and the limited scope of existing resources for guiding pediatric melatonin use. Caregivers frequently deferred to the information available online to procure products or self-adjust doses and dosing schedules. Both pharmacists and caregivers emphasized the need for more affordable and age-appropriate proprietary formulations that are readily accessible.
Conclusion: Melatonin is administered predominantly by caregivers of neurodiverse adolescents to address their sleep disturbances. The findings underscore the need for reliable, evidence-based information to guide safe and appropriate use of melatonin in pediatric populations. Patient education is also warranted to address maladaptive medication-administration practices. Lastly, there is a need for stronger regulatory oversight of melatonin products to ensure their quality and safety of use.
{"title":"Melatonin Use in School-Aged Children and Adolescents: An Exploration of Caregiver and Pharmacist Perspectives.","authors":"Samantha K M Lee, Kingston W C M Yeung, Yu Sun Bin, Lorraine Smith, Edwin C K Tan, Rose Cairns, Janet M Y Cheung","doi":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2396838","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2396838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the perspectives and experiences of Australian caregivers and community pharmacists about pediatric melatonin use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convenience sample of caregivers with children (aged 11-16 years) using melatonin as a sleep aid and community pharmacists (including pharmacist interns) were recruited. Participants first completed an online survey followed by an online semi-structured interview. Interviews were guided by a schedule of questions for the respective participant groups, broadly exploring their beliefs about melatonin, experiences in using/supplying melatonin, and perceived facilitators/barriers for melatonin use. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using the Framework Approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen caregivers of predominantly neurodiverse adolescents and 24 community pharmacists were interviewed. While melatonin was perceived by caregivers of both typically developing and neurodiverse dependants as safer than pharmacological sleep aids, treatment was only initiated after trialling non-pharmacological strategies first. Pharmacists expressed concerns around the ambiguities in practice and the limited scope of existing resources for guiding pediatric melatonin use. Caregivers frequently deferred to the information available online to procure products or self-adjust doses and dosing schedules. Both pharmacists and caregivers emphasized the need for more affordable and age-appropriate proprietary formulations that are readily accessible.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Melatonin is administered predominantly by caregivers of neurodiverse adolescents to address their sleep disturbances. The findings underscore the need for reliable, evidence-based information to guide safe and appropriate use of melatonin in pediatric populations. Patient education is also warranted to address maladaptive medication-administration practices. Lastly, there is a need for stronger regulatory oversight of melatonin products to ensure their quality and safety of use.</p>","PeriodicalId":55393,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sleep Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"960-979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-08-14DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2024.2385822
Alexandra C Reed, Daniel G Rogers, Gregory S Berlin, Laura Burrone, Greg Dante, Jason DeViva, Elissa McCarthy, Maria E Niculete, Gia Santoro, Eric D A Hermes
Objectives: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBTi) is a first-line treatment for a prevalent and impairing disorder. Digital CBTi programs increase access to internet-based self-directed care. However, the clinical effect of offering different forms of CBTi in a healthcare setting is not clearly understood. This study examines treatment engagement and clinical outcomes for individuals referred to either digital or provider-led CBTi.
Methods: Over two years, providers at a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facility referred patients to digital CBTi with telephone coaching support or traditional provider-led CBTi. Characteristics of those referred, proportions engaging in and completing treatment, as well as insomnia severity were compared among those referred to each format.
Results: Providers referred 139 individuals to digital CBTi, 340 to provider-led CBTi, and 14 to both formats. Individuals referred to digital CBTi were older with less severe insomnia. Despite lower levels of program engagement and completion in the digital CBTi cohort, measures of insomnia symptom change were similar between the groups.
Conclusions: This is the first study to evaluate both digital and provider-led evidence-based treatments for insomnia disorder simultaneously deployed in a healthcare setting. While engagement in digital CBTi lagged that for provider-led CBTi, offering both formats may expand access to different groups, while fostering similar outcomes.
{"title":"Does format matter? A naturalistic study of digital and provider-led cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia implemented in a healthcare system.","authors":"Alexandra C Reed, Daniel G Rogers, Gregory S Berlin, Laura Burrone, Greg Dante, Jason DeViva, Elissa McCarthy, Maria E Niculete, Gia Santoro, Eric D A Hermes","doi":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2385822","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2385822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBTi) is a first-line treatment for a prevalent and impairing disorder. Digital CBTi programs increase access to internet-based self-directed care. However, the clinical effect of offering different forms of CBTi in a healthcare setting is not clearly understood. This study examines treatment engagement and clinical outcomes for individuals referred to either digital or provider-led CBTi.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Over two years, providers at a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facility referred patients to digital CBTi with telephone coaching support or traditional provider-led CBTi. Characteristics of those referred, proportions engaging in and completing treatment, as well as insomnia severity were compared among those referred to each format.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Providers referred 139 individuals to digital CBTi, 340 to provider-led CBTi, and 14 to both formats. Individuals referred to digital CBTi were older with less severe insomnia. Despite lower levels of program engagement and completion in the digital CBTi cohort, measures of insomnia symptom change were similar between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first study to evaluate both digital and provider-led evidence-based treatments for insomnia disorder simultaneously deployed in a healthcare setting. While engagement in digital CBTi lagged that for provider-led CBTi, offering both formats may expand access to different groups, while fostering similar outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55393,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sleep Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"883-893"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-09-08DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2024.2396820
Shameka L Cody, Daniel A Kusko, Cesar E Gonzalez, Michael A Owens, Joanna M Hobson, Shannon R Gilstrap, Stephen J Thomas, Burel R Goodin
Objectives: Insomnia and chronic pain are common symptoms in people with HIV. Poor sleep has been associated with chronic pain. While cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia improves insomnia in clinical populations, there are barriers to people with HIV accessing treatment including the lack of trained providers and lengthy sessions. Only one study has examined the efficacy of brief behavioral treatment for insomnia (BBTI) in people with HIV. This study examined BBTI effects on sleep and pain in people with HIV.
Methods: Ten adults with HIV and chronic pain completed a 4-week, telephone-delivered BBTI treatment. A control group (n = 10) completed a brief mindfulness training (BMT). The Insomnia Severity Index and Brief Pain Inventory were used to assess insomnia severity and pain outcomes, respectively.
Results: There was a significant interaction between intervention and time on insomnia severity, F (2,14) = 5.7, p = .02, partial η2 = 0.45). The BBTI group demonstrated significant improvements in insomnia severity from pre- to post-intervention (p < .001) and from pre-intervention to one-month post-intervention (p = .001) compared to the BMT group. There was a significant interaction between intervention and time on pain interference, F (1,18) = 4.9, p = .02, partial η2 = 0.27). The BBTI group demonstrated a significant decrease in pain interference from pre- to post-intervention (p < .001) compared to the BMT group.
Conclusions: This pilot study demonstrated that BBTI improved insomnia in people with HIV for up to one-month post-treatment. Novel preliminary evidence suggests that BBTI may also improve pain outcomes in people with HIV.
目的:失眠和慢性疼痛是艾滋病毒感染者的常见症状。睡眠质量差与慢性疼痛有关。虽然失眠认知行为疗法能改善临床人群的失眠状况,但艾滋病病毒感染者在接受治疗时仍面临一些障碍,包括缺乏训练有素的提供者和疗程过长。只有一项研究考察了失眠简短行为疗法(BBTI)对艾滋病病毒感染者的疗效。本研究考察了 BBTI 对 HIV 感染者睡眠和疼痛的影响:方法:10 名患有艾滋病和慢性疼痛的成人完成了为期 4 周的电话指导 BBTI 治疗。对照组(n = 10)完成了简短的正念训练(BMT)。失眠严重程度指数和简易疼痛量表分别用于评估失眠严重程度和疼痛结果:干预和时间对失眠严重程度有明显的交互作用,F (2,14) = 5.7, p = .02, partial η2 = 0.45)。与 BMT 组相比,BBTI 组的失眠严重程度从干预前到干预后都有明显改善(p p = .001)。干预和时间对疼痛干扰有明显的交互作用,F (1,18) = 4.9, p = .02, partial η2 = 0.27)。从干预前到干预后,BBTI 组的疼痛干扰明显减少(p 结论:BBTI 组的疼痛干扰明显减少:这项试点研究表明,BBTI 可在治疗后一个月内改善 HIV 感染者的失眠状况。新的初步证据表明,BBTI 也可以改善 HIV 感染者的疼痛症状。
{"title":"Improving Sleep in People with HIV and Chronic Pain: A Pilot Study of Brief Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia.","authors":"Shameka L Cody, Daniel A Kusko, Cesar E Gonzalez, Michael A Owens, Joanna M Hobson, Shannon R Gilstrap, Stephen J Thomas, Burel R Goodin","doi":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2396820","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2396820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Insomnia and chronic pain are common symptoms in people with HIV. Poor sleep has been associated with chronic pain. While cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia improves insomnia in clinical populations, there are barriers to people with HIV accessing treatment including the lack of trained providers and lengthy sessions. Only one study has examined the efficacy of brief behavioral treatment for insomnia (BBTI) in people with HIV. This study examined BBTI effects on sleep and pain in people with HIV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten adults with HIV and chronic pain completed a 4-week, telephone-delivered BBTI treatment. A control group (n = 10) completed a brief mindfulness training (BMT). The Insomnia Severity Index and Brief Pain Inventory were used to assess insomnia severity and pain outcomes, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant interaction between intervention and time on insomnia severity, F (2,14) = 5.7, <i>p</i> = .02, partial η<sup>2</sup> = 0.45). The BBTI group demonstrated significant improvements in insomnia severity from pre- to post-intervention (<i>p</i> < .001) and from pre-intervention to one-month post-intervention (<i>p</i> = .001) compared to the BMT group. There was a significant interaction between intervention and time on pain interference, F (1,18) = 4.9, <i>p</i> = .02, partial η<sup>2</sup> = 0.27). The BBTI group demonstrated a significant decrease in pain interference from pre- to post-intervention (<i>p</i> < .001) compared to the BMT group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This pilot study demonstrated that BBTI improved insomnia in people with HIV for up to one-month post-treatment. Novel preliminary evidence suggests that BBTI may also improve pain outcomes in people with HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":55393,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sleep Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"949-959"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-07-04DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2024.2374257
Sandy M B Wilson, Katherine V Sparks, Alice Cline, Stephen B Draper, Martin I Jones, John K Parker
Background: Athletes display a high prevalence of undesired sleep characteristics that may affect both performance and wellbeing.
Objectives: This scoping review aimed to identify and map the existing evidence of behavioral sleep interventions and their effects on sleep outcomes in athletes, and retrospectively code the behavior change techniques (BCTs) implemented using the Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy (BCTTv1).
Methods: Conducted following the JBI methodology for scoping reviews, four online databases were used to identify prospective interventions with at least one behavioral component in competitive athletes, and reporting a sleep outcome pre- and post-intervention.
Results: Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 892 participants with a median age of 23. Five intervention categories were identified (education, mind-body practices, direct, multi-component, and other), with each demonstrating mixed efficacy but the potential to improve sleep outcomes. The BCTs varied in type and frequency between each category, with only 18 unique BCTs identified across all studies.
Conclusions: The varied efficacy of previous studies at improving sleep outcomes may be attributed to the lack of behavior change theory applied during intervention development. Designing interventions following a targeted specification of the behavioral problem, and the integration of corresponding BCTs should be considered in future research.
{"title":"Behavioral interventions and behavior change techniques used to improve sleep outcomes in athlete populations: A scoping review.","authors":"Sandy M B Wilson, Katherine V Sparks, Alice Cline, Stephen B Draper, Martin I Jones, John K Parker","doi":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2374257","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2374257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Athletes display a high prevalence of undesired sleep characteristics that may affect both performance and wellbeing.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This scoping review aimed to identify and map the existing evidence of behavioral sleep interventions and their effects on sleep outcomes in athletes, and retrospectively code the behavior change techniques (BCTs) implemented using the Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy (BCTTv1).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Conducted following the JBI methodology for scoping reviews, four online databases were used to identify prospective interventions with at least one behavioral component in competitive athletes, and reporting a sleep outcome pre- and post-intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 892 participants with a median age of 23. Five intervention categories were identified (education, mind-body practices, direct, multi-component, and other), with each demonstrating mixed efficacy but the potential to improve sleep outcomes. The BCTs varied in type and frequency between each category, with only 18 unique BCTs identified across all studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The varied efficacy of previous studies at improving sleep outcomes may be attributed to the lack of behavior change theory applied during intervention development. Designing interventions following a targeted specification of the behavioral problem, and the integration of corresponding BCTs should be considered in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":55393,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sleep Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"820-842"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2024.2374264
Markus Jansson-Fröjmark, Rikard Sunnhed, Colleen E Carney, Ingvar Rosendahl
Objectives: The association and overlap between different forms of negative thought processes in insomnia is largely unknown. The purpose of the current investigation was to examine conceptual overlap between three insomnia-specific negative thought processes; catastrophizing, worry, and rumination, identify the underlying factors, and explore their associations with insomnia symptoms.
Methods: A total of 360 students completed three insomnia-related negative thought process scales (Catastrophic Thoughts about Insomnia Scale, Anxiety and Preoccupation about Sleep Questionnaire, Daytime Insomnia Symptom Response Scale) and two insomnia symptoms measures (the Insomnia Severity Index and Sleep Condition Indicator).
Results: The three scales and their subscales displayed acceptable reliabilities. Further, confirmatory factor analysis was supportive of the notion of catastrophizing, worry, and rumination measures as distinct. The catastrophizing and worry constructs were significantly associated with insomnia symptoms, but the rumination factor was not.
Conclusions: The findings indicate that catastrophizing, worry, and rumination might be viewed as distinct constructs. Although more research is warranted on the topic of conceptual overlap, the current results might have implications for the development of models of insomnia, clinical research, and practice.
{"title":"Conceptual overlap of negative thought processes in insomnia: A focus on catastrophizing, worry, and rumination in a student sample.","authors":"Markus Jansson-Fröjmark, Rikard Sunnhed, Colleen E Carney, Ingvar Rosendahl","doi":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2374264","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2374264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The association and overlap between different forms of negative thought processes in insomnia is largely unknown. The purpose of the current investigation was to examine conceptual overlap between three insomnia-specific negative thought processes; catastrophizing, worry, and rumination, identify the underlying factors, and explore their associations with insomnia symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 360 students completed three insomnia-related negative thought process scales (Catastrophic Thoughts about Insomnia Scale, Anxiety and Preoccupation about Sleep Questionnaire, Daytime Insomnia Symptom Response Scale) and two insomnia symptoms measures (the Insomnia Severity Index and Sleep Condition Indicator).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The three scales and their subscales displayed acceptable reliabilities. Further, confirmatory factor analysis was supportive of the notion of catastrophizing, worry, and rumination measures as distinct. The catastrophizing and worry constructs were significantly associated with insomnia symptoms, but the rumination factor was not.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings indicate that catastrophizing, worry, and rumination might be viewed as distinct constructs. Although more research is warranted on the topic of conceptual overlap, the current results might have implications for the development of models of insomnia, clinical research, and practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":55393,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sleep Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"857-872"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141472843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-08-09DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2024.2386602
Caitlan A Tighe, Angela Phares, Debra K Weiner, Gregory P Beehler, Jessie VanSwearingen, Allison G Harvey, Michelle M Hilgeman, Daniel J Buysse, Daniel E Forman
Objectives: Study objectives were to: 1) iteratively adapt the Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention (TranS-C) for patients in cardiac rehabilitation (CR; Phase 1) and 2) conduct a preliminary single group pre-post intervention test to a) evaluate procedural feasibility and intervention acceptability and b) to explore preliminary pre-post changes in self-reported sleep, disability, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL; Phase 2).
Method: In Phase 1, 12 individuals in CR and six content experts completed interviews to inform TranS-C adaptations. Interviews were analyzed using rapid qualitative analysis. In Phase 2, eight individuals in CR completed a baseline assessment, the adapted TranS-C intervention, and a post-intervention assessment. Intervention acceptability was assessed via questionnaire and interview. Sleep, disability, and HRQoL outcomes were assessed using questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were calculated for quantitative measures; interviews were analyzed using rapid qualitative analysis.
Results: Phase 1 participants were receptive to the premise and structure of the adapted intervention. In Phase 2, participants endorsed positive attitudes toward the intervention. Seven of eight participants demonstrated improvements in sleep outcomes. Disability and HRQoL results did not consistently improve.
Conclusion: The adapted TranS-C intervention was acceptable to CR patients and could yield improvements in subjective sleep outcomes. Larger-scale testing in CR is warranted.
{"title":"Adapting and Evaluating the Feasibility and Acceptability of a Behavioral Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Cardiac Rehabilitation.","authors":"Caitlan A Tighe, Angela Phares, Debra K Weiner, Gregory P Beehler, Jessie VanSwearingen, Allison G Harvey, Michelle M Hilgeman, Daniel J Buysse, Daniel E Forman","doi":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2386602","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2386602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Study objectives were to: 1) iteratively adapt the Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention (TranS-C) for patients in cardiac rehabilitation (CR; Phase 1) and 2) conduct a preliminary single group pre-post intervention test to a) evaluate procedural feasibility and intervention acceptability and b) to explore preliminary pre-post changes in self-reported sleep, disability, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL; Phase 2).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In Phase 1, 12 individuals in CR and six content experts completed interviews to inform TranS-C adaptations. Interviews were analyzed using rapid qualitative analysis. In Phase 2, eight individuals in CR completed a baseline assessment, the adapted TranS-C intervention, and a post-intervention assessment. Intervention acceptability was assessed via questionnaire and interview. Sleep, disability, and HRQoL outcomes were assessed using questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were calculated for quantitative measures; interviews were analyzed using rapid qualitative analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phase 1 participants were receptive to the premise and structure of the adapted intervention. In Phase 2, participants endorsed positive attitudes toward the intervention. Seven of eight participants demonstrated improvements in sleep outcomes. Disability and HRQoL results did not consistently improve.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The adapted TranS-C intervention was acceptable to CR patients and could yield improvements in subjective sleep outcomes. Larger-scale testing in CR is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":55393,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sleep Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"894-909"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Poor sleep quality is a serious concern among diabetes mellitus patients, adversely affecting glycemic management and the prognosis of diabetic patients. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to estimate the overall pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality and its associated factors among diabetic patients in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Methods: Several search databases were employed to retrieve the eligible studies. A standardized data extraction format was used to extract the data, and the analysis was conducted using STATA version 14. To determine heterogeneity, the I2 test was conducted, and both the funnel plot and Egger's regression test were used to assess the publication bias. A random effects model meta-analysis was performed to estimate the overall prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality.
Results: In the current meta-analysis, a total of 11 studies with 3,766 study participants were included. The overall pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality among diabetic patients was 53.22% (95% CI: 36.26, 70.19). Poor sleep quality was significantly associated with longer duration of diabetes (OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.85, 4.67), poor glycemic control (OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.51, 3.32), depression (OR = 4.09, 95% CI: 2.07, 8.05) and comorbidity (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.88).
Conclusion: In this study, more than half of diabetic patients in Sub-Saharan Africa had poor sleep quality. Therefore, healthcare providers should give more attention to sleep disorders when screening diabetic patients to improve their poor sleep quality.
{"title":"Quality of Sleep and Its Determinants Among People with Diabetes Mellitus in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Setegn Fentahun, Techilo Tinsae, Gidey Rtbey, Fantahun Andualem, Mulualem Kelebie, Getasew Kibralew, Girum Nakie, Samuel Teferi, Asnake Tadesse, Mamaru Melkam, Gebresilassie Tadesse","doi":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2367469","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2367469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poor sleep quality is a serious concern among diabetes mellitus patients, adversely affecting glycemic management and the prognosis of diabetic patients. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to estimate the overall pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality and its associated factors among diabetic patients in Sub-Saharan Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Several search databases were employed to retrieve the eligible studies. A standardized data extraction format was used to extract the data, and the analysis was conducted using STATA version 14. To determine heterogeneity, the I<sup>2</sup> test was conducted, and both the funnel plot and Egger's regression test were used to assess the publication bias. A random effects model meta-analysis was performed to estimate the overall prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the current meta-analysis, a total of 11 studies with 3,766 study participants were included. The overall pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality among diabetic patients was 53.22% (95% CI: 36.26, 70.19). Poor sleep quality was significantly associated with longer duration of diabetes (OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.85, 4.67), poor glycemic control (OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.51, 3.32), depression (OR = 4.09, 95% CI: 2.07, 8.05) and comorbidity (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.88).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, more than half of diabetic patients in Sub-Saharan Africa had poor sleep quality. Therefore, healthcare providers should give more attention to sleep disorders when screening diabetic patients to improve their poor sleep quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":55393,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sleep Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"803-819"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141321972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Sleep difficulties are common amongst university students and are associated with mental illness and reduced wellbeing. This paper reports a pilot study of Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) tailored specifically for university students. It was hypothesized that the intervention would be feasible, acceptable, and improve sleep, anxiety, depression, and wellbeing.
Method: Students aged 18-25 participated via videoconferencing small group sessions of CBT-I. Feasibility was assessed through sign-up, consent rates, and study attrition, while acceptability was assessed using intervention adherence and a measure of intervention acceptability. Outcome measures included sleep quality, insomnia, suicidal ideation, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and wellbeing, and were assessed at baseline and post-intervention.
Results: Participants were 44 students (M = 21.8 years). Feasibility was confirmed by sign-up and consent rates (80% of the students who expressed interest agreed to participate); overall study attrition was 48%, comprised largely of participants not commencing treatment (27%). Participants perceived the program as effective and logical and made use of the skills suggested. In terms of adherence, 82% of the participants who engaged with treatment attended two or more sessions and 63% attended all four sessions; and 92% were either very satisfied or mostly satisfied. Sleep quality, insomnia, depression, anxiety, and wellbeing all significantly improved from pre- to post-intervention.
Discussion: There was evidence that the CBT-I intervention tailored for university students was acceptable to participants and could be feasible to deliver. Sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and wellbeing improved significantly. These findings suggest that the intervention is suitable for evaluation in a fully powered randomized controlled trial.
{"title":"Cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia in university students delivered via videoconferencing groups: A pilot study.","authors":"Michelle Tadros, Sophie Li, Britt Corkish, Emily Upton, Jill Newby, Aliza Werner-Seidler","doi":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2374258","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2374258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sleep difficulties are common amongst university students and are associated with mental illness and reduced wellbeing. This paper reports a pilot study of Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) tailored specifically for university students. It was hypothesized that the intervention would be feasible, acceptable, and improve sleep, anxiety, depression, and wellbeing.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Students aged 18-25 participated via videoconferencing small group sessions of CBT-I. Feasibility was assessed through sign-up, consent rates, and study attrition, while acceptability was assessed using intervention adherence and a measure of intervention acceptability. Outcome measures included sleep quality, insomnia, suicidal ideation, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and wellbeing, and were assessed at baseline and post-intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were 44 students (<i>M</i> = 21.8 years). Feasibility was confirmed by sign-up and consent rates (80% of the students who expressed interest agreed to participate); overall study attrition was 48%, comprised largely of participants not commencing treatment (27%). Participants perceived the program as effective and logical and made use of the skills suggested. In terms of adherence, 82% of the participants who engaged with treatment attended two or more sessions and 63% attended all four sessions; and 92% were either very satisfied or mostly satisfied. Sleep quality, insomnia, depression, anxiety, and wellbeing all significantly improved from pre- to post-intervention.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>There was evidence that the CBT-I intervention tailored for university students was acceptable to participants and could be feasible to deliver. Sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and wellbeing improved significantly. These findings suggest that the intervention is suitable for evaluation in a fully powered randomized controlled trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":55393,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sleep Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"843-856"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141472842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2024.2386608
Matthew K P Gratton, Nancy Hamilton, Diego R Mazzotti
Objectives: Nightmares affect up to 12% of the population and are often comorbid with psychiatric disorders like anxiety and depression. Limited research has examined their influence on nightmare frequency. This study investigates the relationship between depression and trait-anxiety symptoms on incident nightmare frequency at follow-up.
Method: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted on 758 Wisconsin Sleep Cohort participants. Trait anxiety and depression symptom severity were measured using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory and Zung Depression Scale. Ordinal regression determined nightmare frequency cutoffs based on anxiety and depression severity. Cross-sectional associations were assessed with Spearman and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Longitudinal associations were analyzed using adjusted binomial regression of binary nightmare frequency (low: <4/month, high: >5/month) against clinical cutoffs of trait anxiety and depression.
Results: Adjusted models indicated a small correlation between baseline nightmare frequency and trait anxiety (β = 0.01, p = .010) and depression symptoms (β = 0.01, p = .005). High baseline trait-anxiety symptoms were associated with frequent nightmares at follow-up (OR = 3.75, CI95% [1.306,10.793], p < .014), but depression symptoms were not (OR = 1.35, CI95%[0.399, 4.587], p = .627).
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that high trait-anxiety symptoms are associated with increased incident nightmare frequency, when adjusted for depression. However, high depression symptoms were not associated with an increase in nightmare frequency when adjusted for trait-anxiety.
{"title":"Trait-based Anxiety Symptoms are Associated with Higher Incidence of Nightmare Frequency in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort.","authors":"Matthew K P Gratton, Nancy Hamilton, Diego R Mazzotti","doi":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2386608","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15402002.2024.2386608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Nightmares affect up to 12% of the population and are often comorbid with psychiatric disorders like anxiety and depression. Limited research has examined their influence on nightmare frequency. This study investigates the relationship between depression and trait-anxiety symptoms on incident nightmare frequency at follow-up.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted on 758 Wisconsin Sleep Cohort participants. Trait anxiety and depression symptom severity were measured using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory and Zung Depression Scale. Ordinal regression determined nightmare frequency cutoffs based on anxiety and depression severity. Cross-sectional associations were assessed with Spearman and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Longitudinal associations were analyzed using adjusted binomial regression of binary nightmare frequency (low: <4/month, high: >5/month) against clinical cutoffs of trait anxiety and depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjusted models indicated a small correlation between baseline nightmare frequency and trait anxiety (β = 0.01, <i>p</i> = .010) and depression symptoms (β = 0.01, <i>p</i> = .005). High baseline trait-anxiety symptoms were associated with frequent nightmares at follow-up (OR = 3.75, CI95% [1.306,10.793], <i>p</i> < .014), but depression symptoms were not (OR = 1.35, CI95%[0.399, 4.587], <i>p</i> = .627).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that high trait-anxiety symptoms are associated with increased incident nightmare frequency, when adjusted for depression. However, high depression symptoms were not associated with an increase in nightmare frequency when adjusted for trait-anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":55393,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sleep Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"921-931"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}